考研考博-英语-三亚学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-三亚学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Shewasdeliriouslastnight,butsheseemsquitelucidthismorning.

问题1选项

A.rational

B.peaceful

C.patient

D.insane

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她昨天晚上神志不清，但是今天早上看起来十分……。rational“理智的；清醒的”；peaceful“安静的，平静的”；patient“有耐心的”；insane“精神失常的”。根据“but”这个转折连词可知后半句与前半句的意思是相反的，所以划线单词lucid的意思是“清醒的”，选项A符合题意。

2.翻译题

Translatethe.followingshortparagraphsintoEnglish

本世纪初，小麦简直就是加拿大西部的命脉。小麦收成好，经济则繁荣；小麦歉收，经济则萧条。城市中大街小巷的人们都在关注着小麦的收成和价格，这种心情就好像他们就是种植者一样。小麦的市场行情成了人们的热门话题。

战争使西部粮食市场发生了许多戏剧性的变化。多年以来，农民们不信任在粮食交易所从事的粮食投机买卖。秋季的麦价一般都较低，但是农民们等不到市场好转。他们常常在小麦一收割后就卖掉，过后则眼睁睁看着小麦涨价，投机者从中发财。在各种时机，农民团体曾多次要求政府对市场严加控制，但政府不想卷入其中，直到战争期间，麦价有失控的危险时，政府才介入。由于迫切需要控制通货膨胀和生活费用上涨，联邦政府设立了一个粮食监督委员会来处理从1917年至1918年的粮食收缴工作。

【答案】Atthebeginningofthiscentury,wheatwasthelifelineofWestofCanada.Theeconomywouldprosperiftherewasagoodharvest,otherwisetheeconomywouldbedepressed.Peopleinurbanareasallpaidattentiontotheharvestandpriceofwheat,asiftheyweretheplanters.Andthemarketconditionofwheatbecameahottopic.

Warhasbroughtaboutnumerousdramaticchangesinwesterngrainmarket.Formanyyears,farmershaveneverbeentrustinggrainspeculationactivities.Generally,thepricewasrelativelylowinfall,however,theycouldnotwaitthehighprice.Theywouldsellwheatonceharvested,andcouldonlyseespeculatorsgaingreatbenefitfromtheincreasingofwheatprice.Duringvariousperiodsoftime,farmergroupshadrequiredthegovernmentstocarryoutstrictcontroluponthegrainmarket,butthegovernmentwouldn’twillingtointerveneuntilthepricewaslostcontrolduringthewar.Asitbecameurgenttocontrolinflationandlivingexpenses,theFederalgovernmentsetuptheGrainOversightCommitteetodealwiththebuyingandsellingofgrainduring1917to1918.

3.翻译题

不要抛弃学问

有人说：“出去做事之后，生活问题急需解决，哪有工夫去读书？即使要做学问，既没有图书馆，又没有实验室，哪能做学问？”我要对你们说：凡是要等到有图书馆才能读书，有了图书馆也不肯读书；凡是等到有了实验室方才做研究，有了实验室也不肯做研究。你有了决心就研究一个问题，自然会节衣缩食去买书，自然会想出法子来设置仪器。至于时间，更不成问题。达尔文一生多病，不能多做工，每天只能做一点钟的工作。你们看他的成绩！每天花一点钟看10页有用的书，每年可看3600多页，30年可读11万页书，11万页书可以使你成为一个学者了。

【答案】NeverGiveupthePursuitofLearning

Somepeoplesay,“Onceyouhaveajob,you’llcomeupagainsttheurgentproblemofmakingaliving.Howcanyoumanagetofindtimetostudy?Evenifyouwantto,willitbepossiblewithnolibraryornolaboratoryavailable?”Nowletmetellyouthis.Thosewhorefusetostudyforlackofalibrarywillmostprobablycontinuetodosoeventhoughthereisalibrary.Andthosewhorefusetodoresearchforlackofalaboratorywillmostprobablycontinuetodosoeventhoughalaboratoryisavailable.Aslongasyousetyourmindonstudies,youwillnaturallycutdownonfoodandclothingtobuybooksordoeverythingpossibletoacquirenecessaryinstruments.Timeisnoobject.CharlesDarwincouldonlyworkonehouradayduetoillhealth.Yetwhataremarkablemanhewas!Ifyouspendonehouradayreading10pagesofabook,youcanfinishmorethan3600pagesayear,and110000pagesin30years.110000pageswillbequiteenoughtomakealearnedmanofman.

4.翻译题

现代城市对人类的悲剧性影响在于它扼杀了人类的美感。一个富足社会的物质利益使人们的注意力从城市和文化的底蕴转移到科技产品上：洗衣机、中央供暖、自动炊具、电视机、电脑和尺寸形状恰好的地毯。此时此刻，他们沉醉在民主、小康、有车开的幸福中，生活从来没有这么好。

他们不愿意走路。统计表明：他们把从停车场到购物中心的距离设计得很短，由于没有足够的远离街道的停车设施，城市到处都是在马路随便停靠的汽车和停车计价表。拥挤成为影响环境的主要因素，从统计中看出：每个家庭拥有两辆车的状况会使事情更糟。

同时，“地价”带来的不仅是伤害，还有侮辱。土地的价值缘于它的用途，它的收入来自它提供的服务。当它的用途被加强，它的收入和价值也就增加。“充分合理利用土地”成为城市发展主要经济标准。这种投机的方法和人口增长带来的压力导致了城市的“垂直”上升，人们也不得不适应这种拥挤来维持这些相对虚假的土地价值。荒谬的是试图消除拥挤的良方就是创造更多的拥挤。

部分的分散，或者叫虚假的分散，在远离传统市镇中心的地方大片开发，只是把疾病转移到市镇的周边。如果没有和市镇交通系统重建相结合起来的话，就无法治愈。对于这一点，铺设复杂的十字路口的必要性强烈影响工程解决办法，反过来，又被夸张的地价挫败。

【答案】Thetragicinfluenceofmoderncitiesonhumanbeingsisthattheykillthebeautyofhumanbeings.Thematerialbenefitsofanaffluentsocietydivertattentionfromthecityanditsculturalheritagetotechnologicalproducts:washingmachines,centralheating,automaticcookers,televisions,computersandfloorcoveringsoftherightsizeandshape.Atthismoment,theyareintoxicatedindemocracy,well-off,carhappiness,lifehasneverbeensogood.

Theyareunwillingtowalk.Statisticsshowthattheyhavedesignedashortdistancefromtheparkinglottothecenterofshopping.Sincetherearenotenoughparkingfacilitiesfarawayfromthestreet,thecityisfullofcarsandparkingmetersrandomlyparkedonthestreet.Crowdinghasbecomeamajorfactorintheenvironment,andbyallaccounts,havingtwocarsperfamilymakesthingsworse.

Atthesametime,“landprice”bringsnotonlyhurt,butalsoinsult.Landisvaluedforitsuse,anditsincomecomesfromtheservicesitprovides.Whenitsuseisstrengthened,itsincomeandvalueincrease.“Makefullandreasonableuseofland”becamethemaineconomicstandardofurbandevelopment.Thisspeculativeapproachandthepressuresofpopulationgrowthhaveledtoa“vertical”riseincities,andpeoplehavehadtoadapttothecrowdingtomaintaintheserelativelyfalselandvalues.Paradoxically,thebestwaytotrytoeliminatecongestionistocreatemore.

Partialdispersions,orfalsedispersions,developlargetractsoflandfarfromthetraditionaltowncenter,merelymovingdiseasetotheperipheryofthetown.Thereisnocureifitisnotcombinedwiththereconstructionofthetown’stransportsystem.Tothisend,thenecessityoflayingcomplexintersectionsstronglyinfluencesengineeringsolutions,whichinturnarefrustratedbyexaggeratedlandprices.

5.单选题

Manymoreeighteenth-centurynovelswerewrittenbywomenthanbymen,butthisdominancehas,untilveryrecently,beenregardedmerelyas（）fact,abitofarcaneknowledgenotedonlybybibliographers.

问题1选项

A.acontroversial

B.astatistical

C.anexplicit

D.anunimpeachable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项controversial“有争议的；有争论的”；B选项statistical“统计的；统计学的”；C选项explicit“明确的；清楚的；直率的；详述的”；D选项unimpeachable“无可指责的；无可怀疑的；无懈可击的；无过失的，无罪的”。句意：18世纪的小说中，女性的作品要比男性的多得多，但直到最近，这种主导地位一直被认为只是一个统计事实，一种只有文献学家才注意到的晦涩知识。因此B选项正确。

6.单选题

Thepersonwho（

）thistypeofresearchdeservesourpraise.

问题1选项

A.originated

B.manufactured

C.generated

D.estimated

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。originate“引起，创作”；manufacture“制造，加工”；generate“生成，使发生”；estimate“估计，判断”。句意：发起这项研究的人值得赞扬。只有A项符合题意。

7.单选题

Aslongasnationscannotthemselvesaccumulateenoughphysicalpowertodominateallothers,theymustdependon（）.

问题1选项

A.allies

B.resources

C.freedom

D.education

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析。句意：只要国家本身不能积蓄足够的力量来支配其他的人，他们就必须依赖于（）。

allies同盟国；resources资源，物力；freedom自由，自主；education教育。选项A“同盟国”符合句意。

8.单选题

In1957,adoctorinSingaporenoticedthathospitalsweretreatinganunusualnumberofinfluenza-likecases.Influenzaissometimescalled“flu”ora“badcold”.Hetooksamplesfromthethroatsofpatientsandinhishospitalhewasabletofindthevirusofthisinfluenza.

Therearethreemaintypesoftheinfluenzavirus.ThemostimportantofthesearetypeAandB,eachofthemhavingseveralsubgroups.WiththeinstrumentsatthehospitalthedoctorrecognizedthattheoutbreakwasduetoavirusingroupAbuthedidnotknowthesubgroup.ThenhereportedtheoutbreaktotheWorldHealthOrganizationinGeneva.A.W.H.O.publishedtheimportantnewsalongsidereportsofasimilaroutbreakinHongKongofChina,whereabout15%-20%ofthepopulationhadbecomeill.

AssoonastheLondondoctorsreceivedthepackageofthroatsamples,doctorsbeganthestandardtests.Theyfoundthatbyreproducingitselfwithveryhighspeed,thevirushadgrownmorethanamilliontimeswithintwodays.Continuingtheircarefultests,thedoctorscheckedtheeffectofdrugsagainstalltheknownsubgroupsofvirustypeA.A.Noneofthemgaveanyprotection.This,then,wassomethingnew,anewinfluenzavirus,againstwhichthepeopleoftheworldhadnohelpwhatever.

Havingfoundthevirustheywereworkingwith,thetwodoctorsnowdroppeditintothenosesofsomespeciallyselectedanimals,whichgetinfluenzaasmuchashumanbeingsdo.Inashorttimetheusualsignsofthediseaseappeared.D.Theseexperimentsprovedthatthenewviruswaseasytocatch,butthatitwasnotakiller.Scientists,likethegeneralpublic,callitsimplyAsianflu.

Thefirstdiscoveryofthevirus,however,wasmadeinmainlandChinabeforethediseasehadappearedinothercountries.VariousreportsshowedthattheinfluenzaoutbreakstartedinmainlandChina,probablyinFebruaryof1957.BythemiddleofMarchithadspreadalloverthemainland.D.TheviruswasfoundbyChinesedoctorsearlyinMarch.ButatthattimeChinawasnotamemberoftheWorldHealthOrganizationandthereforedidnotreportoutbreaksofdiseasetoit.Notuntiltwomonthslater,whentravelerscarriedthevirusintoHongKong,China,fromwhereitspreadtoSingapore,didthenewsoftheoutbreakreachtherestoftheworld.D.Bythistimeitwaswellstartedonitswayaroundtheworld.

Thereafter,WHO’sWeeklyReportsdescribedthesteadyspreadofthisgreatvirusoutbreak,whichwithinfourmonthssweptthrougheverycontinent.

1.TheoutbreakinHongKong,China,wasduetoavirusin

.

2.Whydidthetwodoctorsdropthefluintothenosesofanimals?

3.TheAsianfluvirus

.

4.Wherewastheflufirstfound?

5.Whendidthevirusreachtherestoftheworld?

问题1选项

A.anewsubgroupofGroupA

B.anoldsubgroupofGroupA

C.anewsubgroupofGroupB

D.anoldsubgroupofGroupB

问题2选项

A.Todecideonthevirusname

B.Toseehowitcanaffecttheanimals

C.Tofindthechannelofthevirusspread

D.Totestthespeedandeffectofvirusreproduction

问题3选项

A.wasakiller

B.wasveryweak

C.couldreproduceveryquickly

D.diedveryfast

问题4选项

A.InHongKong,China

B.InSingapore

C.InmainlandChina

D.Notmentioned

问题5选项

A.InFebruary

B.BeforeMarch

C.InApril

D.AfterMay

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第二段第三句话WiththeinstrumentsatthehospitalthedoctorrecognizedthattheoutbreakwasduetoavirusingroupAbuthedidnotknowthesubgroup可知选项A符合题意。

2.判断推理题。文章第四段倒数第二句话提到在很短的时间内，疾病的常见症状出现了。这些实验证明，这种新病毒很容易感染，但它不是致命病毒（Inashorttimetheusualsignsofthediseaseappeared.Theseexperimentsprovedthatthenewviruswaseasytocatch,butthatitwasnotakiller），由此可知实验是为了测试病毒的传播和再生的速度。因此选项D符合题意。

3.判断推理题。文章第四段提到医生用动物来做实验，发现这类病毒再生速度非常快（Inashorttimetheusualsignsofthediseaseappeared），由此可知选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。文章第五段第一句话提到这种病毒在其他国家出现之前，最早在中国大陆出现（Thefirstdiscoveryofthevirus,however,wasmadeinmainlandChinabeforethediseasehadappearedinothercountries），因此选项C符合题意。

5.判断推理题。文章第五段提到这种病毒最早是在中国大陆出现，时间是大约1957年2月份，而被医生发现是在三月份，两个月后通过旅行者传播到了中国香港，然后再传染到新加坡，因此选项D符合题意。

9.单选题

Sometimes______toplacephysicsandchemistryintoseparatecategories.

问题1选项

A.thatisdifficult

B.isdifficult

C.itisdifficult

D.thatisdifficult

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定句型。句意：有时很难把物理和化学分成不同类别。Itisdifficulttodosth.意为“做某事很困难”，所以C选项itisdifficult符合题意。因此C选项正确。

10.单选题

InhistypicallyAmericanopenstyleofcommunication,Mr.HayesconfrontedIsabetaaboutnotlookingathim.Reluctantly,sheexplainedwhy.AsanewcomerfromMexico,shehadbeentaughttoavoideyecontactasamarkofrespecttoauthorityfigures,teachers,employers,parents.Mr.Hayesdidnotknowthis.HetheninformedherthatmostAmericasinterpretlackofeyecontactasdisrespectanddeviousness.Ultimately,heconvincedIsabelatotryandchangeherhabit,whichsheslowlydid.

PeoplefrommanyAsian,LatinAmerican,andCaribbeanculturesalsoavoideyecontactasasignofrespect.ManyAfricanAmericas,especiallyfromtheSouth,observethiscustom,too.Amaster’sthesisbySamuelAvoian,agraduatestudentatCentralMissouriStateUniversity,tellshowmisinterpretingeye-contactcustomscanhaveanegativeimpactwhenwhitefootballcoachesrecruitAfricanAmericanplayersfortheteams.

Hereportsthat,whenspeaking,whitecommunicatorsusuallylookawayfromthelistener,onlyperiodicallyglancingatthem.Theydotheopposite,whenlisteningtheyareexpectedtolookatthespeakerallthetime.

ManyAfricanAmericascommunicateinanoppositeway.Whenspeaking,theytendtoconstantlystareatthelistener;whenlistening,theymostlylookaway.Therefore,ifwhitesportsrecruitersarenotinformedaboutthesesignificantdifferences,theycanbemisledaboutinterestandattentivenesswheninterviewingprospectiveAfricanAmericanballplayers.

InmulticulturalAmerica,issuesofeyecontacthavebroughtaboutsocialconflictsoftwodifferentkindsinmanyurbancenters;non-KoreancustomersbecameangrywhenKoreanshopkeepersdidnotlookatthemdirectly.Thecustomerstranslatedthelackofeyecontactasasignofdisrespect,ahabitblamedforcontributingtotheopenconfrontationtakingplacebetweensomeAsiansandAfricanAmericasinNewYork,Texas,andCalifornia.ManyteacherstoohaveprovidedstoriesaboutclassroomconflictsbasedontheirmisunderstandingAsianandLatinAmericanchildren’lackofeyecontactasbeingdisrespectful.

Ontheotherhand,directeyecontacthasnowtakenonanewmeaningamongtheyoungergenerationandacrossethnicborders.Particularlyinurbancenters,whenoneteenagerlooksdirectlyatanother,thisisconsideredaprovocation,sometimescalledmad-dogging,andcanleadtophysicalconflict.

Mad-dogginghasbecomethesourceofmanycampusconflicts.Inonehighschool,itresultedinafightbetweenCambodiannewcomersandAfrican-Americanstudents.TheCambodianshadbeenstaringattheotherstudentsmerelytolearnhowAmericansbehave,yettheothersmisinterpretedtheCambodians'intentionsandthefightbegan.

Mad-doggingseemstobeconnectedwiththeavoidanceofeyecontactasasignofrespect.Thus,intheurbancontemporaryyouthscene,ifonelooksdirectlyatanother,thisdisrespects,or"disses"thatperson.Muchlikethearchaicphrase"Idemandsatisfaction”，whichbecametheoverturetoaduel,mad-doggingmaybecomeapreludetoaphysicalencounter.AttheentrancestoUniversalStudio’s"CityWalk"attractioninLosAngeles,theyhavepostedCodeofConductsigns.Thesecondrulewarnsagainst"physicallyoverballythreateninganyperson,fighting,annoyingothersthroughnoisyorboisterousactivitiesorbyunnecessarystaring..."

1.ManyAfricanAmericansfromtheSouth（

）.

2.Whenlisteningtotheothers,whitecommunicatorstendto

（

）.

3.ManycustomersinAmericancitiesareangrywithKoreanshopkeepersbecause（

）.

4.Mad-doggingrefersto

（

）.

5.Thearchaicphrase,"Idemandsatisfaction"（

）.

问题1选项

A.adoptatypicallyAmericanopenstyleofcommunication

B.oftenmisinterpretthemeaningofeyecontact

C.avoideyecontactasasignofrespect

D.aretaughttoavoideyecontactwhenevertellingtotheothers

问题2选项

A.lookatthespeakerallthetime

B.glanceatthespeakerperiodically

C.lookawayfromthespeaker

D.stareatthespeaker

问题3选项

A.Koreanshopkeepersdonotlookatthemdirectly

B.theyexpectamoreenthusiasticreflectionfromtheshopkeepers

C.therearesomesocialconflictsinmanyurbancenters

D.theyarenotinformedaboutdifferencebetweencultures

问题4选项

A.thesourceofmanycampusconflictsacrossethnicbordersinurbancenters

B.physicalconflictamongtheyoungergenerationinurbancenters

C.alackofeyecontactasasignofrespect

D.aprovocationfromoneteenagertoanotherofadifferentethnicbackground

问题5选项

A.wasconnectedwiththeavoidanceofeyecontact

B.oftenledtoafight

C.wasasignofdisrespect

D.oftenresultedinsomekindofmisinterpretation

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。题干询问‘许多非洲裔美国人来自南方…。’由第二段中第一句“PeoplefrommanyAsian,LatinAmerican,andCaribbeanculturesalsoavoideyecontactasasignofrespect.ManyAfricanAmericas,especiallyfromtheSouth,observethiscustom,too.很多亚洲、拉丁美洲和加勒比海文化的人也通过避开眼神来表示尊敬。很多非裔美国人，尤其是来自南部的那些人，也遵守这个风俗。”确定C选项“避开眼神接触作为尊敬的表示”正确。

2.细节事实题。题干询问‘当听到别人说话时，白人交流者倾向于…’。由第三段第二句“Theydotheopposite,whenlisteningtheyareexpectedtolookatthespeakerallthetime.他们做的正好相反，当他们在听的时候，他们总是要看着说话的人。”确定A选项“一直看着讲话者”正确。

3.细节事实题。题干询问‘许多美国城市的顾客对韩国店主感到愤怒，因为…’。由第五段中第二句“non-KoreancustomersbecameangrywhenKoreanshopkeepersdidnotlookatthemdirectly.当韩国人店主没有直视他们时，非韩国顾客会变得生气。”确定A选项“韩国人店主没有直视他们”正确。

4.细节事实题。题干询问‘Mad-dogging指的是…’。由倒数第四段第二句"Particularlyinurbancenters,whenoneteenagerlooksdirectlyatanother,thisisconsideredaprovocation,sometimescalledmad-dogging,andcanleadtophysicalconflict.尤其是在城市中心，当一个青少年直视另一个青少年时，这被认为是一种挑衅，有时被称为“疯狂跟踪”，并可能导致身体冲突。”确定D选项“一个青少年对另外一位来自不同文化背景的青少年的一种挑衅”正确。

5.推理判断题。题干询问‘古老的短语“我要求满足”…’。由倒数第二段第三句“Muchlikethearchaicphrase"Idemandsatisfaction",whichbecametheoverturetoaduel,mad-doggingmaybecomeapreludetoaphysicalencounter.就像古老的短语“我要求满足”(Idemandsatisfaction)成为决斗的序曲一样，冷眼盯着可能成为身体接触的前奏。”确定B选项“经常导致打架”正确。

11.单选题

Ahumanbeingisquite（

）creature,fortheglossofrationalitythatcovershisorhersenseoffearsand（

）isthinandofteneasilybreached.

问题1选项

A.afrail;insecurity

B.avaliant;phobias

C.anambitious;mortify

D.aludicrous;laughter

【答案】A

【解析】形容词和名词辨析。第一个空考查的是形容词的辨析，frail“脆弱的，薄弱的，抵不住诱惑的”;valiant“勇敢的，有价值的”;ambitious“有野心的，有抱负的”；ludicrous“滑稽的，荒唐可笑的”；根据句尾的thinandofteneasilybreached推断出第一个空应该填frail;第二个空考查的是名词辨析，insecurity“不安全，无保障”；phobias“憎恶；恐惧症”；mortify“克制，抑制（肉体、情感等）”作动词；laughter“笑，笑声”；根据关键词thesenseof和句子的整体意思‘人类是一种极为脆弱的生物体，因为掩盖着其恐惧感和不安全感的那层理性的外表是那么的薄弱，且常常易于破裂’可以推断出此处应该填insecurity,所以A选项正确。

12.不定项选择题

Thedramacritic,ontheotherhand,hasnosuchadvantages.Hecannotbeselective;hemustcovereverythingthatisofferedforpublicscrutinyintheprincipalplayhousesofthecitywhereheworks.Thecolumnspacethatseemed,yesterday,sopitifullyinadequatetocontainhiscommentsonLongDay’sJourneyIntoNightisroughlythesameasthatwhichyawnstodayforhisverdictonthelatestscrapofmilk-fedKitschthathaschancedtofindforitselfanumskullbackerwithahundredthousanddollarstolost.ThisstateofaffairsmayhelptoexplainwhytheNewYorktheatrereviewersaresooften,andsounjustly,stigmatizedasbalefulanddestructivefiends.Theyspendmostoftheirprofessionallivesattemptingtopronounceintelligentjudgmentsonplaysthathavenoaspirationtointelligence.Itishardlysurprisingthattheylashoutoccasionally;infact,whatamazesmeaboutthemisthattheydonotlashoutmoreviolentlyandmorefrequently.AsShawsaidofhisfellow-criticsinthenineties,theyare“culpablyindulgentbodyofmen.”ImaginetheverbalexcoriationsthatwouldbeinflictedifLionelTilling,orsomeoneofcomparableeminence,werecalledontoreviewfivebooksamonthofwhichthreewerenovelettescomposedofcriminalconfessions.ThebutchersofBroadwaywouldseemlambsbycomparison.

14.Inwritingthispassage,theauthor’schiefpurposeseemstobe（）.

15.Thepassageindicatesthatthedramacriticis（）.

16.ThepassagesuggeststhatasaplayLongDay’sJourneyIntoNightwas（）.

17.Asusedinthepassage,theword“excoriations”mostnearlymeans（）.

18.LionelTillingismostprobablya（）.

19.The“butchersofBroadway”are（）.

20.Theparagraphprevioustothisonemostprobablydiscussedthe（）.

问题1选项

A.showwhybookreviewingiseasierthanplayreviewing

B.pointuptheopinionsofShaw

C.shownewtrendsinliterarycriticism

D.defendtheworkoftheplaycritic

问题2选项

A.conditionedbycertainrequirementsofhiscolumn

B.happytoobligethebackersofplays

C.mindfulofthevalueofpublicopinion

D.suspiciousofcriticismdirectedagainsthim

问题3选项

A.inconsequential

B.worthwhile

C.poorlywritten

D.long

问题4选项

A.attacks

B.explanations

C.praises

D.pronouncements

问题5选项

A.followerofShaw

B.dramacritic

C.bookreviewer

D.crimereporter

问题6选项

A.newspapereditors

B.playbackers

C.ineffectiveauthors

D.playreviewers

问题7选项

A.workofabookreviewer

B.characteristicsofthereadingpublic

C.advantagesofbeingadramacritic

D.costsofplayproduction

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

第6题:D

第7题:A

【解析】14.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】作者意图题。根据文章首句，可得知戏剧评论家则没有这样的优势，他不可能有选择性，以及原文Theyspendmostoftheirprofessionallivesattemptingtopronounceintelligentjudgmentsonplaysthathavenoaspirationtointelligence.Itishardlysurprisingthattheylashoutoccasionally;infact,whatamazesmeaboutthemisthattheydonotlashoutmoreviolentlyandmorefrequently.（他们将职业生涯的大部分时间用于明智地评判不太明智的戏剧，他们偶尔破口大骂就不足为怪了。实际上，他们让我感到奇怪的是，他们骂得不够激烈，不够频繁）很明显，这是在为评论家辩护。A选项“表明为什么书评比戏剧评论容易”，B选项“指出萧伯纳的观点”，C选项“展示文学批评的新趋势”，都太过片面，所以A，B，C选项错误，因此，D选项“为戏剧评论家这个工作辩护”符合题意。

15.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】根据题干定位到原文首段第二句，可知戏剧评论家受篇幅的制约。A选项“受到他的专栏的某些要求的制约”，B选项“很高兴能帮助这些戏剧的支持者”，C选项“注意公众舆论的价值”，D选项“怀疑针对他的批评”。因此，A选项符合题意。

16.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】判断推理题。根据题干定位到原文首段的第三句Thecolumnspacethatseemed,yesterday,sopitifullyinadequatetocontainhiscommentsonLongDay’sJourneyIntoNightisroughlythesameasthatwhichyawnstodayforhisverdictonthelatestscrapofmilk-fedKitschthathaschancedtofindforitselfanumskullbackerwithahundredthousanddollarstolost.（他对《日夜兼程》的评论是如此不恰当，令人遗憾，就像今天他对最近一个奶嘴喂养的媚俗派的判决一样，这个媚俗派碰巧给自己找到了一个笨蛋赞助人，损失了10万美元）暗示了如果不是由于篇幅的限制，戏剧评论家会评论得更充分一些，这就说明《日夜兼程》是值得的，可知选择B选项“有价值的”，A选项“无关紧要的”，C选项“写得很差”，D选项“冗长的”。因此，B选项符合题意。

17.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】语义推测题。根据题干定位到原文的倒数第三句AsShawsaidofhisfellow-criticsinthenineties,theyare“culpablyindulgentbodyofmen.”ImaginetheverbalexcoriationsthatwouldbeinflictedifLionelTilling,orsomeoneofcomparableeminence,werecalledontoreviewfivebooksamonthofwhichthreewerenovelettescomposedofcriminalconfessions.（萧伯纳在谈到他90年代的评论家同僚时说他们是“罪有应得的放纵之人。”想象一下，如果莱昂内尔•蒂林或其他有同等声望的人每月被要求评论五本书，其中三本是由犯罪供词组成的中篇小说……），根据罪有应得的放纵之人，可知会受到口头的谴责，因此，A选项“抨击”符合题意。

18.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文倒数第二句ImaginetheverbalexcoriationsthatwouldbeinflictedifLionelTilling,orsomeoneofcomparableeminence,werecalledontoreviewfivebooksamonthofwhichthreewerenovelettescomposedofcriminalconfessions.（想象一下，如果莱昂内尔•蒂林或其他有同等声望的人每月被要求评论五本书，其中三本是由犯罪供词组成的中篇小说，会遭到怎样的口头谴责。）可得知莱昂内尔•蒂林受人邀请评论书籍，那么他很可能是一位书评家。因此，C选项“书评家”符合题意。

19.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】语义推测题。根据题干定位到原文最后一句ThebutchersofBroadwaywouldseemlambsbycomparison.（相比之下，百老汇的屠夫就像是羔羊）这句话的前面是有提到书评家，而百老汇是美国戏剧艺术的活动中心，由此可知百老汇的屠夫也就是说的戏剧评论家，因此，D选项“戏剧评论家”符合题意。

20.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】判断推理题。这个自然段前面的一个自然段很可能论述书评家的工作。根据第一句话，Thedramacritic,ontheotherhand,hasnosuchadvantages.（而戏剧评论家则没有这样的优势）可知作者改变了他的话题，因为他运用了ontheotherhand（另一方面）这个词组。与戏剧评论相对应的很可能是书评，而且文章结尾处把书评家和戏剧评论家进行了比较。因此，A选项“书评家的工作”符合题意。

13.单选题

The（

）preventsthepeopleinthetwoneighboringnationsfromlivinginpeace.

问题1选项

A.brevity

B.amenity

C.enmity

D.fidelity

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。brevity“简洁”；amenity“舒适，愉悦”；enmity“敌意，憎恨”；fidelity“忠诚”。题干中提到有一种东西会阻止两邻国友好相处，这种东西很明显是enmity，选项C符合题意。

14.单选题

Althoughthegovernmentstillenjoysahighlevelofpublicsupport,thecrimeproblemhasstirredpolit¬ical_______andsuspicions.

问题1选项

A.substance

B.antagonisms

C.dimension

D.possession

【答案】B

【解析】substance物质,实质;antagonism对抗,敌意;dimension尺寸;possession拥有。句意：虽然政府仍然享有很高的公众支持,但犯罪问题已经引发了对抗对立和猜疑。选项B符合句意。

15.单选题

Thegirlswantedtohelp（）maketheircostumesfortheplay.

问题1选项

A.all

B.eachtheother

C.eachother

D.onetheother

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项all“全部”；B选项eachtheother“每一个其他的”；C选项eachother“彼此，互相”；D选项onetheother“一个另一个”。句意：女孩们想帮助……制作她们的戏服。根据句意可推测，女孩们是想互相帮助，可知选项C正确。

16.单选题

Theideathatsomegroupsofpeoplemaybemoreintelligentthanothersisoneofthosehypothesesthatdarenotspeakitsname.ButGregoryCochranis（1）tosayitanyway.Heisthat

（2）

bird,ascientistwhoworksindependently

（3）

anyinstitution.Hehelpedpopularizetheideathatsomediseasesnot

（4）thoughttohaveabacterialcausewereactuallyinfections,whicharousedmuchcontroversywhenitwasfirstsuggested.

Evenhe,however,mighttrembleatthe

（5）

ofwhatheisabouttodo.Togetherwithanothertwoscientists,heispublishingapaperwhichnotonly

（6）

thatonegroupofhumanityismoreintelligentthantheothers,butexplainstheprocessthathasbroughtthisabout.Thegroupin

（7）

areaparticularpeopleoriginatedfromcentralEurope.Theprocessisnaturalselection.

ThisgroupgenerallydowellinIQtest,scoring12-15pointsabovethe

（8）

valueof100,andhavecontributeddisproportionatelytotheintellectualandculturallifeoftheWest,asthe

（9）

oftheirelites,includingseveralworld-renownedscientists,affirmtheyalsosuffermoreoftenthanmostpeoplefromanumberofnastygeneticdiseases,suchasbreastcancer.Thesefacts,

（10）

havepreviouslybeenthoughtunrelated.Theformerhasbeen

（11）

socialeffects,suchasastrongtraditionofvaluingeducation.Thelatterwasseenasa(n)

（12）

ofgeneticisolation.Dr.Cochransuggeststhattheintelligenceanddiseasesareintimately（13）

.Hisargumentisthattheunusualhistoryofthesepeoplehas

（14）

themtouniqueevolutionarypressuresthathaveresultedinthis

（15）

stateofaffairs.

问题1选项

A.selected

B.prepared

C.obliged

D.pleased

问题2选项

A.unique

B.particular

C.special

D.rare

问题3选项

A.of

B.with

C.in

D.against

问题4选项

A.subsequently

B.presently

C.previously

D.lately

问题5选项

A.thought

B.sight

C.cost

D.risk

问题6选项

A.advises

B.suggests

C.protests

D.objects

问题7选项

A.progress

B.fact

C.need

D.question

问题8选项

A.normal

B.common

C.mean

D.total

问题9选项

A.missions

B.fortunes

C.interests

D.careers

问题10选项

A.moreover

B.therefore

C.however

D.meanwhile

问题11选项

A.givenup

B.gotover

C.carriedon

D.getdown

问题12选项

A.development

B.origin

C.consequence

D.instrument

问题13选项

A.linked

B.integrated

C.woven

D.combined

问题14选项

A.limited

B.subjected

C.converted

D.directed

问题15选项

A.paradoxical

B.incompatible

C.inevitable

D.continuous

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

第6题:B

第7题:D

第8题:C

第9题:D

第10题:C

第11题:C

第12题:C

第13题:A

第14题:B

第15题:A

【解析】第1题:考查固定搭配。空格处前面一句提到“有些人可能比其他人聪明，这种观点是一种不敢冠之以名的假设”，由“but”这个转折词可知GregoryCochran打算就这个观点阐述自己的道理，bepreparedto是固定搭配，意思是“准备做……”，选项B符合题意。

第2题:考查固定搭配。Rarebird是固定搭配，意思是“稀有之人或物”。根据后文“ascientistwhoworksindependently”（一个独自工作的科学家），可知选项D符合题意。

第3题:考查固定搭配。Independentlyofsth.的意思是“独立于……之外”。选项A符合题意。

第4题:考查副词词义辨析。subsequently“随后，后来”；presently“目前；不久”；previously“先前，以前”；lately“最近，近来”。空格处所在句子的大意是：他帮助普及了一种观点，即以前被认为不是由细菌引起的疾病实际上是感染，这在最初提出来的时候受到很大争议。选项C符合题意。

第5题:考查词组辨析。atthethoughtof“一想到……”；atthesightof“一看见……”；atthecostof“以……为代价”；attheriskof“冒着……的危险”。空格处所在句子的大意是：然而，即使是他，在想到他接下来要做