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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-兰州文理学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Hefailedtosupplythefactsrelevant(

)thecaseinquestion.

问题1选项

A.for

B.with

C.to

D.of

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。relevantto“与……相关的”,选项C符合题意。句意:他无法提供与设计案件有关的事实。

2.单选题

Afarmermustlearnthekindsofcropsbest()thesoilsonhisfarm.

问题1选项

A.accustomedto

B.committedto

C.appliedto

D.suitedto

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项accustomto“习惯于”,B项committo“把……投入,交付”,C项applyto“适用于,应用于”,D项suitto“适合于”。句意:农民必须了解最适合他农场土壤的作物种类。四个选项中,只有suitto最合适;因此,该题D项正确。

3.单选题

Theytook______measurestopreventpoisonousgasesfromescaping.

问题1选项

A.efficient

B.beneficial

C.valid

D.effective

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项efficient“有效率的,有能力的”,B项beneficial“有益的,有利的”,C项valid“有效的,合法的”,侧指文件的有效性,D项effective“有效果的,起作用的”。根据后面部分句子measurestopreventpoisonousgasesfromescaping“防止有毒气体泄漏的措施”可知,D项符合语境。句意:他们采取了有效措施防止有毒气体泄漏。因此,该题选择D项正确。

4.单选题

Thestatistics()thatlivingstandardsintheareahaveimproveddrasticallyinrecenttimes.

问题1选项

A.proves

B.isproving

C.areproving

D.prove

【答案】D

【解析】句意:这些统计数据表明这个地方的生活标准在最近已经彻底地改善。

语法题。考查时态。主语为statistics(数据(复数)),句意为“数据表明”,因此此处应该用一般现在时。故选D。

5.单选题

Theoldladyhasdevelopeda(

)coughwhichcannotbecuredcompletelyinashorttime.

问题1选项

A.perpetual

B.permanent

C.chronic

D.sustained

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。perpetual意为“永久地”;permanent意为“永恒的,不变的”;chronic意为“慢性的”;sustained意为“持久的,持续的”。

句意:这位老太太得了一种慢性咳嗽,不能在短时间内彻底治愈。

6.单选题

IthasbeenaterribleafternoonforJane______ataboutsixo’clockinherfather’ssuddencollapseintounconsciousness.

问题1选项

A.converging

B.culminating

C.finalizing

D.releasing

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。A选项converging“合并,汇聚”;B选项culminating“(以某种结果)告终;(在某一点)结束”,culminatein/withsth.;C选项finalizing“把(计划、旅行、项目等)最后定下来;定案”;D选项releasing“释放”。句意:对简来说,那是一个可怕的下午,她父亲在______六点钟左右陷入昏迷。B选项culminating“(以某种结果)告终;(在某一点)结束”符合语境中6点钟左右,意指这个下午的可怕在以父亲在6点左右陷入昏迷告终。因此B选项正确。

7.单选题

Seniorgovernmentfigures()inthecover-up.

问题1选项

A.couldhaveacquired

B.musthaveacquiesced

C.mighthavedone

D.willhaverequired

【答案】B

【解析】句意:政府高级官员必然已经默许掩盖真相。

考查短语辨析。空格处动词与in搭配,后面接宾语cover-up(掩盖,掩饰)。Acquiesceinsth.默然接受…;默许;顺从。

8.单选题

Don’tbothertoarrangeameal,becausewehavejusthadlunchandabletoeatanything(

问题1选项

A.neitherhenorIare

B.neitherhenorIis

C.neitherInorheis

D.neitherhenorIam

【答案】D

【解析】句意:不用费心再安排一顿饭了,我们刚吃过午饭,我们都吃不下了。

语法题。考查主谓一致。neither..nor..,either...or..,notonly...butalso...都是就近原则,也就是谓语动词和最近的主语保持数或者谓语动词的一致,故排除A项和B项。英语中同时有第三人称和第一人称时,一般第一人称放后面,故选D。

9.单选题

Somecultureshavecustomsthat()theclothingfashionsofpeopleincertainsocialclasses.

问题1选项

A.modify

B.alter

C.regulate

D.revise

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。modify"修改,更改;修饰";alter"改变,更改";regulate"控制,管理,调节";revise"修订,修改"。modify是指略微的修改,alter范围较广,指任何的改变,revise通常指修订课本,制度的管理和规定经常用regulate。句意:某些文化有一些习俗,这些习俗规定了某些社会阶层中人们的穿衣时尚。所以选项C正确。

10.单选题

Thewastepipeisblocked;try(

)itoutwithhotwater,orjustcalltheplumbertodoit.

问题1选项

A.flushing

B.blushing

C.brushing

D.crushing

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项flush“发红,脸红,(用水)冲洗净,冲洗”;B选项blush“(因尴尬或害羞)脸红,(因某事)羞愧,尴尬”;C选项brush“(用刷子)刷净,刷亮”;D选项brush“压坏,压碎”。由Thewastepipeisblocked(污水管塞住了)可知A选项符合语义,表示用水冲洗。句意:污水管塞住了,试着用热水冲洗,或者叫水管工来做。

11.单选题

Thisarticleopensandcloseswithdescriptionsoftwonewsreports,eachmakingonemajorpoint(

)theother.

问题1选项

A.inhonorof

B.inaccordancewith

C.incontrastwith

D.inagreementwith

【答案】C

【解析】词组辨析题。A选项inhonorof“为庆祝”;B选项inaccordancewith“依照,与…一致”;C选项incontrastwith“与…形成对比”;D选项inagreementwith“同意,与…一致”。句意:这篇文章的开头和结尾是对两篇新闻报道的描述,每一篇都有一个主要观点与另一篇形成对比。选项C符合语境。

12.单选题

We’ll______youforanydamagedonetoyourhousewhileweareinit.

问题1选项

A.compensate

B.remedy

C.supplement

D.retrieve

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项compensate“补偿,赔偿”,B项remedy“补救,治疗”,C项supplement“增补,补充”,D项retrieve“恢复,重新得到”。根据关键词damagedonetoyourhouse“对你房子的破坏”可推测,空格部分表示“赔偿”。句意:我们入住期间对你的房子所造成的任何损害,我们都会赔偿你的。因此,该题选择A项正确。

13.单选题

TheEnglishspeakerhas[A]athisdisposalavocabularyandasetofgrammaticalrulewhich[B]enablehimtocommunicatehisthoughtsandfeelings,inavarietyofstyles,to[C]theotherEnglishspeakers.Hisvocabulary,inparticular,[D]boththatwhichheusesactivelyandthatwhichherecognizes,increasesinsizeashegrowsold,asaresultofeducationandexperience.

问题1选项

A.athisdisposal

B.enable

C.theother

D.boththatwhich

【答案】C

【解析】考查代词用法。C选项theother表示“两者中的另一个”,而句中并没有标明只有两个讲英语者。因此应改为other“其他的”。

14.单选题

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordtablefollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthetableisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthetablemorethanonce.

ManyAmericanstudents(1)highereducationtoprepareforprofessionalemployment.Inyouracademictrainingyouwillneedtobeginplanningforthe(2)fromcollegetocareer.Acareerisreallyaprocess—itishowyouprogressthrougha(3)ofjobsandoccupationsduringyourworkingyears.Acollegeeducationcanhelpyougetstartedonyourcareerjourney.

InAmericasociety,thetypeofoccupationalfieldsyouchooseandjobsyouhold(4)yourentirelifestyle:yourconcept,income,prestige,choiceoffriends,andwhereyouwilllive.Thisfreedomtochoosefromthousandsofemploymentchoicescanbe(5)ortroubling—ifyoudon’tknowwhereandhowtobegin.

Careerplanningisacomprehensiveprocessthattakesmuchtimeand(6).Careerplanningcangreatlyincreaseyour(7)ofobtainingemploymentintheoccupationyouchoose.However,careerplanningincludesmuchmorethanajobsearch.Itbeginswithcarefullyconsideringwhatyouwantandneedinlife.

Careerplanningcanbedividedintofour(8)stepsthatincludeself-assessment,occupationalexplorationandselection,careerpreparation,andjobseeking.Althougheachstudent’sgoalwillbe(9),onesuggestedtimetabletohelpyoukeeponcourseistocompleteonestepineachuniversityyear.Your(10)maybelongerorshorterdependingonyourcareergoal.

问题1选项

A.transmission

B.continuous

C.enjoyable

D.series

E.perspective

F.varies

G.schedule

H.different

I.superficial

J.effort

K.prospects

L.influence

M.cultivate

N.pursue

O.transition

问题2选项

A.transmission

B.continuous

C.enjoyable

D.series

E.perspective

F.varies

G.schedule

H.different

I.superficial

J.effort

K.prospects

L.influence

M.cultivate

N.pursue

O.transition

问题3选项

A.transmission

B.continuous

C.enjoyable

D.series

E.perspective

F.varies

G.schedule

H.different

I.superficial

J.effort

K.prospects

L.influence

M.cultivate

N.pursue

O.transition

问题4选项

A.transmission

B.continuous

C.enjoyable

D.series

E.perspective

F.varies

G.schedule

H.different

I.superficial

J.effort

K.prospects

L.influence

M.cultivate

N.pursue

O.transition

问题5选项

A.transmission

B.continuous

C.enjoyable

D.series

E.perspective

F.varies

G.schedule

H.different

I.superficial

J.effort

K.prospects

L.influence

M.cultivate

N.pursue

O.transition

问题6选项

A.transmission

B.continuous

C.enjoyable

D.series

E.perspective

F.varies

G.schedule

H.different

I.superficial

J.effort

K.prospects

L.influence

M.cultivate

N.pursue

O.transition

问题7选项

A.transmission

B.continuous

C.enjoyable

D.series

E.perspective

F.varies

G.schedule

H.different

I.superficial

J.effort

K.prospects

L.influence

M.cultivate

N.pursue

O.transition

问题8选项

A.transmission

B.continuous

C.enjoyable

D.series

E.perspective

F.varies

G.schedule

H.different

I.superficial

J.effort

K.prospects

L.influence

M.cultivate

N.pursue

O.transition

问题9选项

A.transmission

B.continuous

C.enjoyable

D.series

E.perspective

F.varies

G.schedule

H.different

I.superficial

J.effort

K.prospects

L.influence

M.cultivate

N.pursue

O.transition

问题10选项

A.transmission

B.continuous

C.enjoyable

D.series

E.perspective

F.varies

G.schedule

H.different

I.superficial

J.effort

K.prospects

L.influence

M.cultivate

N.pursue

O.transition

【答案】第1题:N

第2题:O

第3题:D

第4题:L

第5题:C

第6题:J

第7题:K

第8题:B

第9题:H

第10题:G

【解析】第1题:1.此空应填一个动词,因此FMLN可选,此处句意为一些美国学生为了就业做准备而追求更高的教育。N项符合句意。

2.此空应填一个名词,transmission“传播,传染”;transition“过渡”。句意:在你求学时你应该做好从大学向就业的过渡。故O项正确。

3.aseriesof“一系列的”。

4.句意:在美国社会,你选择的职业领域和工作会影响你的整个生活方式。

5.由ortroubling可知此空应填与troubling意思相反的形容词,故C项正确。

6.由timeand可知此空应填名词,句意:职业规划是一个需要花时间和努力的复杂过程。

7.prospect“前途,前景”。句意:职业规划可以极大地增加你所选择的职业领域获得工作的前景。

8.由that从句的内容可知此空应填continual“持续不断的”。

9.句意:尽管每个学生的目标是不同的。

10.由longerorshorter可推知G项正确。句意:根据你的职业目标,你的日程表可能长也可能短。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

第6题:

第7题:

第8题:

第9题:

第10题:

15.单选题

Thismovieisnot______forchildrentosee:itcontainstoomuchviolenceandtoomanylovescenes.

问题1选项

A.profound

B.valid

C.decent

D.upright

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项profound“深厚的;意义深远的;渊博的”;B选项valid“有效的;有根据的;合法的;正当的”;C选项decent“正派的;得体的;相当好的”;D选项upright“正直的,诚实的;垂直的,直立的;笔直的”。句意:这部电影不适合孩子们看:它包含太多的暴力和爱情场景。因此C选项正确。

16.单选题

Anarrowhasasharp,pointedheadwithwhichitperforatesitstarget.

问题1选项

A.facestoward

B.follows

C.pierces

D.fliestoward

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。perforate表示“穿过,穿孔”。A项facetoward“正对着”,B项follow“跟随”,C项pierce“刺穿,穿破”,D项flytoward“飞向”;句意:箭头前端很尖锐,可以用它来刺穿目标物。根据句意该题选C。

17.单选题

TheUnitedStatescourtsystem,aspartofthefederalSystemofgovernment,ischaracterizedbydualjudicialsystems;therearebothstateandfederal-courts.Eachstatehasitsownsystemofcourts,composedofcivilandcriminaltrialcourts,sometimesintermediatecourtsofappeal,andastateSupremeCourt.Thefederalcourtsystem,consistsofseriesoftrialcourts(calleddistrictcourts)servingrelativelysmallgeographicregions(thereisatleastoneforeverystate),atierofcircuitcourtsofappealthathearappealsfrommanydistrictcourtsinaparticulargeographicregion,andtheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.Thetwocourtsystemsaretosomeextentoverlapping,inthatcertainkindsofdisputesmaybeinitiatedineithersystem.Theyarealsotosomeextenthierarchical(等级制度的),forthefederalsystemstandsabovethestatesysteminthatlitigant(personengagedinlawsuits)wholosetheircasesinthestatesupremecourtmayappealtheireasestotheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.

Thus,thetypicalcourtcasebeginsinatrialcourt—acourtofgeneraljurisdiction—inthestateorfederalsystem.Mostcasesgonofurtherthanthetrialcourt;forexample,thecriminaldefendantisconvictedbyatrialandsentencedbythecourtandthecaseend;thepersonalinjurysuitresultsinajudgmentbyatrialcourt(oranout-of-courtsettlementbythepartieswhilethecourtsuitispending)andthepartiesleavethecourtsystem.Butsometimesthelosingpartyatthetrialcourtcaresenoughaboutthecausethatthematterdoesnotendthere.Inthesecases,the“loser”atthetrialcourtmayappealtothenexthighercourt.

21.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

22.Accordingtothepassage,districtcourtsarealsoknownas________.

23.Inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraph,“engagedin”means________.

24.Thepassageindicatedthatlitigantswholosetheircasesinthestatetrialcourtmaytakethemtoa________.

25.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattypicalcourtcasesare________.

问题1选项

A.Civilandcriminaltrialcourts.

B.Typicalcourtcases.

C.ThecourtsystemintheUnitedStates.

D.Theappealcourtprocess.

问题2选项

A.circuitcourts

B.intermediatecourts

C.supremecourts

D.trialcourts

问题3选项

A.committedto

B.attentiveto

C.involvedin

D.absorbedin

问题4选项

A.differentcourtinthesamestate

B.Federaltrialcourt

C.StateSupremeCourt

D.Courtinanotherstate

问题5选项

A.alwaysappealed

B.usuallyresolvedinthedistrictcourts

C.alwaysoverlapping

D.usuallysettledbytheSupremeCourt

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】21.事实细节题。根据第一段第一句TheUnitedStatescourtsystem,aspartofthefederalSystemofgovernment,ischaracterizedbydualjudicialsystems;therearebothstateandfederal-courts.(美国法院制度作为联邦政府制度的一部分,其特点是双重司法制度;州法院和联邦法院同时存在。),后文以此展开,所以C选项“美国的法院系统”正确,A选项“民事和刑事审判法庭”,B选项“典型的法庭案例”和D选项“上诉法院程序”不符合题意。因此C选项正确。

22.事实细节题。根据第一段第三句seriesoftrialcourts(calleddistrictcourts)(一系列的初审法院,也就是地方法院),可知D选项“初审法院”正确。A选项“巡回法院”,B选项“中级法院”和C选项“最高法院”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

23.语义推测题。engagedin的意思是“从事,参加,参与”。根据第一段最后一句litigant(personengagedinlawsuits)wholosetheircasesinthestatesupremecourtmayappealtheireasestotheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.(在州最高法院败诉的当事人(参与诉讼的人)可以向美国最高法院上诉。),当事人参与诉讼,所以C选项“牵涉进,参与”正确。A选项“决心从事……;致力于”,B选项“留意”和D选项“全神贯注于”不符合题意。因此C选项正确。

24.义推测题。根据第一段最后一句litigant(personengagedinlawsuits)wholosetheircasesinthestatesupremecourtmayappealtheireasestotheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStates.(在州最高法院败诉的当事人(参与诉讼的人)可以向美国最高法院上诉。),可知C选项“国家最高法院”正确。A选项“同一个州的不同法院”,B选项“联邦初审法院”和D选项“另一个州的法院”不符合题意。因此C选项正确。

25.事实细节题。根据第二段第一句Thus,thetypicalcourtcasebeginsinatrialcourt—acourtofgeneraljurisdiction—inthestateorfederalsystem.(因此,典型的法院案件始于州或联邦体系的初审法院——具有一般管辖权的法院。),可知B选项“通常在地区法院解决”正确,D选项“通常由最高法院解决”错误。A选项“常常提起上诉”和C选项“总是重叠”没有提到。因此B选项正确。

18.单选题

Iintendtomovethatourcommittee()Jimaschairman,andIhopethatyouwillsecondmymotion.

问题1选项

A.willappoint

B.appoints

C.appoint

D.appointed

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气。Move在这里表示(在会上)提议、建议。在表建议、命令、要求和愿望的动词后面,宾语从句要用虚拟语气:should+动词原形的用法,should可省略。选项C正确。句意:我提议委员会任命Jim为主席,我希望你能支持我的建议。

19.单选题

()hisknowledgeandacademicbackground,heisbasicallystupid.

问题1选项

A.Butfor

B.Accordingto

C.Forall

D.Thanksto

【答案】C

【解析】句意:尽管他有一定的知识和学术背景,但是从根本上来说他还是很笨的。

考查短语辨析。butfor要不是,如果没有;accordingto按照,根据;forall尽管,虽然;thanksto由于,幸亏。根据后半句句意“从根本上来说他还是很笨的”可知前半句表示让步,故选C项。

20.单选题

Schoolchildrenoughttobe()totheirparentsandteachers.

问题1选项

A.alien

B.transient

C.obedient

D.current

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项alien“外国的;相异的”;B选项transient“短暂的;路过的”;C选项obedient“服从的;孝顺的”;D选项current“现在的;最近的”。句意:学龄儿童应该……父母和老师。句中主语是Schoolchildren,由关键信息totheirparentsandteachers“对其父母和老师”要服从。因此C选项符合题意。

21.单选题

Theprospectofincreasedpricehasalready(

)worries.

问题1选项

A.provoked

B.irritated

C.inspired

D.hoisted

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。provoke“激起,挑起,引起”;irritate“刺激,使兴奋,激怒”;inspire“激发,鼓舞,启示”;hoist“把……吊起,升起”。句意:价格上涨的前景已经引起了人们的担忧。A项符合题意。

22.单选题

Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoul,thequalityoflife.Whoshouldwritethebiographyofafamily,forexample?Becauseoftheirclosenesstothesubject,familymembersmayhavespecialinformation,butbythesametoken,theymaynothavethedistancethatwouldallowthemtobefair.Similarly,aking’sservantmightnotbethebestonetowriteabiographyofthatking.Butaforeignermightnothavetheknowledgeandsympathynecessarytowritetheking’sbiography—notforareadershipfromwithinthekingdom,atanyrate.

Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask.Thebiographerhastoworkwiththepositionheorshehasintheworld,adjustingthatpositionasnecessarytodealwiththesubject.Everypositionhasstrengthsandweaknesses;tothrive,awritermusttrytobecomeawareofthese,evaluatethemintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.

Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographiesoftenrevealademocraticmotive;theyattempttoshowthattheirsubjectsareonlyhuman,nobetterthananyoneelse.Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus,toinviteustobecomebetterthanweare.ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBibleareinthisclass.

Biographersmayclaimthattheiraccountisthe“authentic”one.Inadvancingthisclaim,theyarehelpedifthebiographyis“authorized”bythesubject;thispresumablyallowsthebiographerspecialaccesstoprivateinformation.“Unauthorized”biographiesalsohavetheirappeal,however,sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.Inbookpromotions,the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress.Asubjectmighthaveseveralbiographies,evenseveral“authentic”ones.Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.

1.Accordingtotheauthorsanidealbiographerwouldbeonewho(

).

2.TheauthorcitesthebiographiesofJesusintheBibleinordertoshowthat

).

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothepassage?

4.Anunauthorizedbiographyislikelytoattractmorereadersbecause

).

5.Inthispassage,theauthorfocuseson

).

问题1选项

A.knowsthesubjectverywellandyetmaintainsaproperdistancefromhim

B.isclosetothesubjectandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting

C.isindependentandtreatsthesubjectswithfairnessandobjectivity

D.possessesspecialprivateinformationandissympathetictowardthesubject

问题2选项

A.thebestbiographiesaremeanttotransformtheirreaders

B.biographiesareauthenticaccountsoftheirsubjects’lives

C.thebestbiographiesarethoseofheroesandfamousfigures

D.biographiescanservedifferentpurposes

问题3选项

A.Anauthenticbiographyseldomappealstoitsreaders

B.Anauthenticbiographyisoneauthorizedbythesubject

C.Noonecanwriteaperfectbiography

D.Authorizedbiographieshaveawiderreadership

问题4选项

A.itportraysthesubjectbothfaithfullyandvividly

B.itcontainsinterestinginformationaboutthesubject’sprivatelife

C.itrevealsalotofaccuratedetailsunknowntooutsiders

D.itusuallygivesasympatheticdescriptionofthesubject’scharacter

问题5选项

A.thedifficultyofabiographerinfindingtheproperperspectivetodohisjob

B.thesecretofabiographertowinmorereaders

C.thetechniquesrequiredofabiographertowriteagoodbiography

D.thecharacteristicsofdifferentkindsofbiographies

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoul,thequalityoflife.(传记作者必须在关于这个传记对象的两个不稳定的立场之间摇摆。关系太亲密,作者可能会失去客观性。关系不够近,作者可能缺乏足够的激情去努力刻画人物的思想、灵魂这些生活的本质)可知A选项“非常了解这个传记对象,并与其保持适当的距离”符合题意。

第2题:推理判断题。文章第三段中的内容为:当他们的对象是英雄或著名人物时,传记往往揭示出一种民主的动机;他们试图向人民展示他们的主也只是人,并没有比任何人都好。而其它的传记则是有意要改变我们,鼓励我们变得比我们之前更好。圣经中耶稣的传记就属于后一类。

由此可知作者引用了耶稣在圣经中的传记,是为了表明传记可以有不同的目的,因此选D。

第3题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.(我们凭直觉认为没有作家是站在讲述一生的故事的位置的,可能甚至不是在传记对象的位置,这已经被传记的历史所证明了)可知C选项“没有人能写出完美的传记”符合题意。

第4题:细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的Inbookpromotions,the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress.(在图书促销中,“未经授权”的描述通常暗示着传记对象希望抑制流言蜚语)可知B选项“它包含了关于传记对象的私人生活的有趣信息”。

第5题:主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了传记作家需要具备哪些能力以及不同种类传记的特点,因此D选项“不同类型传记的特点”。

23.单选题

Whoeverhasskillsandknowledgeinthiscountry,Ibelieve,shouldbeproperlytreatedandrewarded()hiseducationalbackgroundandfamilyorigin.

问题1选项

A.despiteof

B.regardlessof

C.letalone

D.becauseof

【答案】B

【解析】despiteof尽管;regardlessof不管,不顾;letalone更不用说,听任;becauseof因为,由于。句意:我认为,在这个国家无论谁拥有技术和知识,无论他的教育背景和家庭出身如何,都应该得到适当的对待和奖励。选项B符合句意。

24.单选题

Thelegislationofacountryrecentlyconsideredabilldesignedtoreducetheuncertaintyinherentintheownershipofartbyspecifyingcertainconditionsthatmustbemetbeforeanallegedlystolenworkofartcanbereclaimedofbyaplaintiff.Thebillplacestheburdenofproofinreclamationlitigationentirelyontheplaintiff,whomustdemonstratethattheholderofanitemknewatthetimeofpurchasethatithadbeenstolen.Additionally,thebillcreatesauniformnationalstatuteoflimitationsforreclamationofstolenculturalproperty.

Testifyinginsupportofthebill,JamesD.Burke,acitizenofthecountryandoneofitsleadingartmuseumdirectors,specificallypraisedtheinclusionofastatuteoflimitations;otherwise,hesaid,othercountriescouldseektoreclaimvaluableartobjects,nomatterhowlongtheyhavebeenheldbythecurrentownerorhowlegitimatelytheywereacquired.Anycountrycouldenactapatrimonylawstatingthatanythingevermadewithintheboundariesofthatcountryisitsculturalproperty.Burkeexpressedthefearthatwidespreadreclamationlitigationwouldleadtoruinouslegaldefensecostsformuseums.

However,becausesuchreclamationsuitshavenotyetbeenaproblem,thereislittlebasisforBurke’sconcern.Infact,theproposedlegislationwouldestablishtoomanyunjustifiablebarrierstothelocationandrecoveryofstolenobjects.Themainbarrieristhatthebillconsiderstheannouncementofanarttransactioninamuseumpublicationtobeadequateevidenceofanattempttonotifyapossibleowner.Therearefartoomanysuchpublicationsforthevictimofathefttosurvey,andwithonlythisformofdisclosure,astolenobjectcouldeasilyremaintheobjecttoascholarforverificationthatitisnotstolen,butitisarareacademicwhoisawareofanybutthemostpublicizedartthefts.Moreover,thetimelimitspecifiedbythestatuteoflimitationsisveryshort,andtherequirementthattheplaintiffdemonstratethattheholderhadknowledgeofthetheftisunrealistic.Typically,stolenartchangeshandsseveraltimesbeforerisingtothelevelinthemarketplacewhereacuratororcollectorwouldseeit.Atthatpoint,theobjectbearsnotraceoftheinitialtransactionbetweenthethiefandthefirstpurchaser,perhapstheonlyoneinthechainwhoknowinglyacquiredastolenworkofart.

Thus,theneedfornewlegislationtoprotectholdersofartisnotobvious.Rather,whatisnecessaryislegislationremedyingthedifficultiesthatlegitimateownersofworksofart,andcountriesfromwhichsuchworkshavebeenstolen,haveinlocationandreclaimingthesestolenworks.

51.Whichoneofthefollowingmostaccuratelysummarizesthemainpointofthepassage?

52.WhichoneofthefollowingisanexampleofthekindofactionthatBurkefearedwouldposeaseriousthreattomuseumsinhiscountry?

53.Accordingtothepassage,Burkeenvisagedthemostformidablepotentialadversariesofhiscountry’smuseumsinreclamationlitigationtobe______.

54.Whichoneofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardtheproposedbill?

55.Whichoneofthefollowingbestexemplifiesthesortoflegislationconsiderednecessarybytheauthorofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Variouslegaldisputeshaverecentlyarisenthatdemonstratetheneedforlegislationclarifyingthelegalpositionofmuseumsinsuitsinvolvingtherepossessionofculturalproperty.

B.Abillintendedtopreventothergovernmentsfromrecoveringculturalpropertywasrecentlyintroducedintothelegislatureofacountryatthebehestofitsmuseumdirectors.

C.Abillintendedtoprotectgood-faithpurchasersofworksofartfromreclamationlitigationisunnecessaryandfailstoaddresstheneedsoflegitimateownersattemptingtorecoverstolenartworks.

D.Clashesbetweenmuseumprofessionalsandmembersoftheacademiccommunityregardinggovernmentallegislationoftheartscanbestberesolvedbynegotiationandarbitration,notbylitigation.

问题2选项

A.Thepassageofalawbyanothercountryforbiddingthefutureexportofanyarchaeologicalobjectsuncoveredatsitswithinitsterritory.

B.Aninternationalaccordestablishingstrictcriteriafordeterminingwhetheraworkofartcanbeconsideredstolenandspecifyingthecircumstancesunderwhichitmustbereturnedtoitscountryoforigin.

C.Anincreaseintheacquisitionofculturallysignificantworksofartbyprivatecollectors,whoaremorecapablethanmuseumsofbearingthecostoflitigationbutwhorarelydisplaytheircollectionstothepublic.

D.Thepassageofalawbyanothercountrydeclaringthatallobjectscreatedbyitsaboriginalpeoplearethesolepropertyofthatcountry.

问题3选项

A.commercialdealersinart

B.lawenforcementofficialsinhisowncountry

C.privatecollectorsofart

D.governmentsofothercountries

问题4选项

A.Reasonedopposition

B.Measuredadvocacy

C.Fearfulapprehension

D.Impassionedsupport

问题5选项

A.Alawrequiringmuseumstonotifyforeigngovernmentsandculturalinstitutionsofallthecatalogsandscholarlyjournalsthattheypublish.

B.Alawrequiringthatacentralarchivebeestablishedforcollectinganddistributinginformationconcerningallreportedtheftsofculturalproperty.

C.Alawprovidingforthecreationofanationalwarehouseforstorageofworksofartthatarethesubjectoflitigation.

D.Alawinstitutinganationalfundforassistingmuseumstobeartheexpensesofdefendingthemselvesagainstreclamationsuits.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】51.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干的意思是“以下哪个选项最准确地总结了文章的要点?”。通读全文可知,文章的话题主要是讨论一项新的法案对艺术作品持有者的保护和追回被盗物品方面的作用。通过文章最后一段的总结Thus,theneedfornewlegislationtoprotectholdersofartisnotobvious.Rather,whatisnecessaryislegislationremedyingthedifficultiesthatlegitimateownersofworksofart,andcountriesfromwhichsuchworkshavebeenstolen,haveinlocationandreclaimingthesestolenworks.(因此,新的立法保护艺术持有者的必要性并不明显;相反,需要的是用立法弥补艺术品的合法拥有者和被盗艺术品的国家已经找到并收回被盗艺术品所面临的困难),可以推断新的立法保护艺术品持有者是没有必要的,而是要去解决艺术品持有者或者国家在追回被盗艺术品种所面临的困难和需求;所以C项“一项旨在保护艺术品善意购买者免受回收诉讼的法案是没有必要的,而且未能解决试图追回被盗艺术品的合法所有者的需求”正确。A项“最近出现的各种法律纠纷表明,在涉及收回文化财产的诉讼中,有必要立法澄清博物馆的法律地位”,根据文章第二段最后一句Burkeexpressedthefearthatwidespreadreclamationlitigationwouldleadtoruinouslegaldefensecostsformuseums.(伯克表达了一种担忧,即广泛的回收诉讼将导致博物馆毁灭性的法律辩护费用)和第三段第一句However,becausesuchreclamationsuitshavenotyetbeenaproblem,thereislittlebasisforBurke’sconcern.(然而,因为这样的回收诉讼还没有成为一个问题,伯克的担心几乎没有根据)可知,A项不符合题意;B项“在一个国家博物馆馆长的要求下,一项旨在阻止其他国家政府收回文化财产的法案最近被提交到该国的立法机构”内容在文中没有提到,B项错误;D项“博物馆专业人员和学术团体成员之间关于政府对艺术品的立法的冲突最好通过谈判和仲裁来解决,而不是通过诉讼”,文中也未提到该内容,D项不选。因此该题选C。

52.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节推断题。题干的意思是“下面哪一个是伯克担心会对他国家的博物馆造成严重威胁的行为的例子?”。根据题干定位到文章第二段,第二句otherwise,hesaid,othercountriescouldseektoreclaimvaluableartobjects,nomatterhowlongtheyhavebeenheldbythecurrentownerorhowlegitimatelytheywereacquired.(他说,否则,其他国家可能会寻求收回有价值的艺术品,不管它们被当前所有者持有了多久,也不管它们获得的合法性如何)

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