考研考博-英语-云南农业职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-云南农业职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Tofacilitateentryintofineartthinkingandavoidbeingmisledinfundamentalways,archaeologistsmustunderstandtheprinciplesthatdefineandgoverneachartcategory,whetherutilitarian,fineordecorative.Thetraditionalintentofacraftlikeceramicsistoserveautilitarianfunctionanditsabilitytoactinthiscapacityisessentiallydependentupontheskillofproperlyshapingavesseltocorrespondtoitstask,soneitheritsexactmannerofconstruction(byhandorwheel,coilorslab)northesignificanceofimageryglazedonitssurfacechangesitsprimaryrole“tocontain”,thoughitmayaddtoitsvalue.Whileceramicistsmustthinkandconstructartaccordingtocertainpatternsofutilitarianform,followingaprototypalmodelthatrelatestotheartwork’spurpose,finearthasnosuchrequirement.

Fineartistsoftenworkinmixedornewmedia,evidencedbytheexampleofvasescreatedduringtheGreekArchaicperiod,whichwereananomalytotheparadigmofearliervasesbecausethelateronesnotonlyserved“tocontain”,butalsotocommunicateideas.AnexaminationofthisapparentinconsistencyrevealsboththeGreek’shighregardforaestheticsandtheexplanationthatfineartistsusuallycreatedthepaintingsonthevasesmadebypotters.ThoughGreekvasepaintingdiffersgreatlyfromtheworkofmodernartistPabloPicasso,hetoopaintedonceramicobjectsmadebyothers.Contrastingancientfineartformssuchaspaintingsandstoneormetalsculptureswithcontemporaryfineartformssuchascomputerart,videoimagery,andholograms,itispossibletoseethatastheculture’stechnologytransforms,itschangesarevisibleinthestructuralformsoffineart.

Atthesametime,changesinfineartindicateitsmandatetobothreflectandcreatenewperceptionsoftheculture,butformaloneisinsufficienttoclassifyobjectsintoartcategories.Frequently,artthatservesadecorativefunctionisconfusedwithbothutilitarianandfineartbecauseofitssimilarappearance,butthefunctionofdecorativeartistheformitself,itisnotcompelledtofulfilleitherautilitariantaskoraddressconceptsthatexemplifyitshistoricperiod.Communicationwouldappearredundantiffineartists,likeutilitariananddecorativeartists,weretoproduceunlimitednumbersofthesameobject.Onceanideaisassimilatedintotheculturethereisnolongeraneedtodiscussitunlessartistsaremoreclearlydefiningorredefiningit.Therefore,archaeologistsshouldbeawarethatanartifactproducedinanywaybyformulaisnotfineart.Thefineartist’sprocessiscontinuousfromthemomentofconceptionuntilapieceiscomplete,andthuseverythingisthoughtofintermsofcontext,sothat,asageneralguide,archaeologistsshouldconsidernomarkwithinaworkunimportantandonlydefineitsmeaninginrelationtothewholepiece.

36.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

37.Accordingtothepassage,the"earliervases"mentionedinthesecondparagraphconstitutewhichofthefollowing?

38.Accordingtothepassage,theformwhichfinearttakesatanygivenhistoricalmomentisoftendictatedby（）.

39.Whichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'sviewoftheargumentthatfineartmaybedistinguishedasacategorybyitsphysicalform?

40.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfineartsproductionisbestsupportedbytheinformationpresentedinthepassage?

问题1选项

A.distinguishingmutuallyexclusivecategories

B.clarifyinganapparentcontradiction

C.supportingnewideas

D.analyzingaproblem

问题2选项

A.Theproductofmixedmediaart,involvinghybridforms.

B.Acaseofprimarilyutilitarianartbeingputtodecorativepurposes.

C.Utilitarianartwhosemakersweresolelyconcernedwithfunctionality.

D.Fineart,whoseprimarypurposeistoconveyaestheticmeaning.

问题3选项

A.thelevelofcontinuityintheartist’sthinkingprocess

B.theconceptswhichexemplifythehistoricalperiodofitscreation

C.thetechnologyavailabletotheartistatthetimetheartpieceiscreated

D.thelevelofskillwhichtheartistbringstotheartwork

问题4选项

A.Outrightapproval.

B.Skepticism.

C.Neutrality.

D.Indignation.

问题5选项

A.Thebestfineartisinsomecasesproducedbyformula,resultinginmassquantitiesofasingleobject.

B.Onceanartistcreatesawork,thereisusuallylittlebenefitinhisduplicatingit,asithasalreadyconveyeditsmeaning.

C.Inaestheticterms,fineartisoftenconsideredsuperiortodecorativeart,whosebeautyislimitedbyfunctionality.

D.Atthepresenthistoricalmoment,hightechnologylikeelectronicsseldomplaysaroleinartsotherthanfinearts.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】36.主旨大意。原文第一段第一句提到Tofacilitateentryintofineartthinkingandavoidbeingmisledinfundamentalways,archaeologistsmustunderstandtheprinciplesthatdefineandgoverneachartcategory,whetherutilitarian,fineordecorative.（为了便于进入美术思维，避免在基本方面被误导，考古学家必须理解定义和管理每一个艺术类别的原则，无论是实用主义的、精细的还是装饰性的。），说明作者在分析一个问题。从而得出本题答案。

37.细节推断。根据题干“earliervases”定位到原文第二段第一句Fineartistsoftenworkinmixedornewmedia,evidencedbytheexampleofvasescreatedduringtheGreekArchaicperiod,whichwereananomalytotheparadigmofearliervasesbecausethelateronesnotonlyserved“tocontain”,butalsotocommunicateideas.（优秀的艺术家经常使用混合或新媒介的作品，以希腊古时期的花瓶为例，这是早期花瓶范式的一种反常，因为后期的花瓶不仅具有“容纳”的作用，而且还具有传达思想的作用。）分析第一句可知earliervases指代前文的“mixedornewmedia”,从而得出本题答案。

38.细节推理题。根据题干关键词“fineart”定位到原文第二段最后一句Contrastingancientfineartformssuchaspaintingsandstoneormetalsculptureswithcontemporaryfineartformssuchascomputerart,videoimagery,andholograms,itispossibletoseethatastheculture’stechnologytransforms，itschangesarevisibleinthestructuralformsoffineart.（对比古代美术形式，如绘画、石雕或金属雕塑，与当代美术形式，如计算机艺术、视频图像和全息图，可以看到，随着文化的技术转变，其变化可见于美术的结构形式。）根据信息点“technology”,“visible”“thestructuralforms”即可得出本题答案。

39.

观点态度题。通读全文，根据原文作者论述的语调和原文最后一段第一句Atthesametime,changesinfineartindicateitsmandatetobothreflectandcreatenewperceptionsoftheculture,butformaloneisinsufficienttoclassifyobjectsintoartcategories.（同时，艺术的变化表明其职责反映和创造新的文化的认知，但形式本身是不足以对象为艺术类别进行分类。）中“insufficient”可知作者的态度是skepticism，从而得出本题答案。

40.细节归纳题。根据原文最后一段第四句Onceanideaisassimilatedintotheculturethereisnolongeraneedtodiscussitunlessartistsaremoreclearlydefiningorredefiningit.（一旦一个想法被文化所吸收，就没有必要再去讨论它，除非艺术家们能更清晰地定义或重新定义它。）中的信息点“anideaisassimilated,nolongeraneed”“clearlydefiningorredefiningit”，即可得出本题答案。

2.单选题

NoahWebster'sDictionarywas（）in1828andhasbeenextremelyinfluentialinAmericanlanguageusageeversincethen.

问题1选项

A.thefirstpublished

B.firstpublished

C.thefirsttobepublished

D.tobefirstpublished

【答案】B

【解析】根据句意：这部字典在1828年首次出版,事情已经完成,首先排除选项C和D；选项A不符合句意,所以只有选项B正确。

3.单选题

Mountainclimbing,likeothersports,requiresskill,stamina,teamwork,andtheknowledgeandexperiencetohandlespecializedequipment.

问题1选项

A.intelligence

B.guidance

C.endurance

D.caution

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。stamina表示“耐力，持久力，毅力”；A项intelligence“智力，情报工作，情报机关”，B项guidance“指导，引导，领导”，C项endurance“忍耐力，耐久性”，D项caution“小心，谨慎，警告”。句意：爬山和其他运动一样，需要技巧、耐力、团队合作以及处理专门设备的知识和经验。因此，根据句意可知C选项正确。

4.单选题

Iaskedthetailortomakeasmall（）tomytrousersbecausetheyweretoolong.

问题1选项

A.alteration

B.variation

C.revision

D.change

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项alteration“修改；更改”；B选项variation“变化；变更”；C选项revision“修正；复习”；D选项change“变化；改变”。alteration尤指部分的改变，可用于服装的改长短；variation一般是指(形式、位置、条件的)变化、改变、变动；revision常指文章、词典、剧本等的修改、订正；change改变，变化，可指表面的、本质的、内在的变化。句意：我要求裁缝对我的裤子稍作……，因为太长了。句中指的是对trousers“长裤”的修改，因此A选项符合题意。

5.单选题

______elephantsaredifferentfromwildelephantsinmanyaspects,includingtheirtempers.

问题1选项

A.Cultivated

B.Regulated

C.Civil

D.Tame

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.Cultivated用于耕作的；有教养的B.Regulated调节的

C.Civil国民的；平民的D.Tame养驯的，驯服的

【答案】D

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】按照句意“______的大象和野象在很多方面都不一样，包括它们的脾气”可知，野象脾气不稳定，而驯服的大象会更温顺，所以空格处表示“驯服的”符合句意，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。

【句意】驯象和野象在很多方面都不一样，包括它们的脾气。

6.单选题

Theinsectthat______afinemistneatlyandquicklycannotbesimplypouredintoabottle.

问题1选项

A.spurs

B.sprays

C.squashes

D.spreads

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项spurs“鞭策；促进；策马前进；紧贴主干剪短”；B选项sprays“喷；扫射”；C选项squashes“把……压扁；挤进，塞入；压制，抑制；打断，制止；去除，粉碎；断然拒绝；把……镇住，使无言以对”；D选项spreads“传播；伸展；散布；展开；铺开”。句意：这种可快速均匀地喷洒成细雾的驱虫剂并非是简单地注入瓶中的。因此B选项正确。

7.翻译题

Chinesecultureisdevelopedaroundcollectivismwhichstressescommunionandharmony.Westerncultureemphasizesindividualism.Intermsofeatingcustoms,chopsticksandknivesandforksaretwodisparateexpressionsofthisculturaldifference.TheChineseliketohavecommunalmealswhereeverybodyeatsoutofthesamebowloffood.Chopstickswereusedinordertodiscouragepeoplefromeatingmorethanothers.Thiswasnotonlyagoodwaytopreservecollectiveness,butalsotolimitindividualism.ItismorestraightforwardintheWest.Peopleeattheirmealsontheirownandthereisnorestrictiononhowtoeat.

【答案】中国文化推崇集体主义，崇尚共有，融合；西方文化崇尚个体。体现在吃饭的方式上就是筷子和刀叉的不同。中国人实行合餐制，用餐的人在一个盘中取食，用筷子可以限制个别人大量取食。如此一来，既保留了集体主义的形态，个人利益又不会受太大影响。西方人就简单一些，每个人吃自己盘里的食物，吃法也没有什么严格限制。

8.单选题

ForonebriefmomentinApril,LarryEllisoncamewithinafewdollarsofbeingtherichestmanintheworld.ThecomputertycoonwasholdingaglobalconferencecallonaWednesdaymorning,whenthevalueofhiscompanysurged.

ItwasthemomenthealmostovertookBillGates,founderofMicrosoft,asthewealthiestontheplanet.Forafewseconds,asshareoftradersmarkedMicrosoftdownandOracleup,EllisoncamewithinUS$200,000ofGates.Theself-proclaimed“badboy”ofSiliconValleyfoundhimselfworthmorethanUS$52billion,upfromamereUS$10billionthistimelastyear.ThenMicrosoft’sshareprice,whichhadplungedinrecentweeks,recoveredandthemomentpassed.

Once,Ellison,founderofthesoftwarecompanyOracle,wouldhavedancedaroundhisdeskcursinglikeapirateatfailingtobringdownGates,arivalhehadconstantlymadefunofinpublic.ButSiliconValleyinsiderssaidheremainedcalm,andmuttered:“Oneday,onedayvery,verysoon.”Heknewhismomentwasclose.UnlikeGates,heisnotbigoncharity,preferringtospendhismoneyinhisway.Hehashisownprivateairforce,amilitary-stylecrewbasedatSanJoseairportnearRedwoodCity,tohelphimflyhisGulfstreamVjet(withtwomarbledbathrooms),aMarchettifighterplaneimportedfromItaly,andahandfulofotheraircraft,includingatrainerforhisson.HealsoplanstoimportaRussianMig-29fighter(capableof1,500mph).Whydoeshewantone?Sothat,hejoked,hecanblastGateshomenearSeattle.Carsarecheapandcheerfulbycomparison.Hehasarelatively-modestPorscheBoxster,twospeciallyalteredMercedesandaUS$900,000silverMcLaren.InSanFranciscoheownsamagnificenthouseinPacificHeights,oneofWesternAmerica’smostexpensivestretchesofrealestate.Thehouseisatechnicalmarvel:Whenheinsertshiskey,theopaqueglassdoorturnstransparent,revealingaJapanesegardeninthemiddleofthehouse.Forreasonsheknowsbest,EllisonisobsessedwithJapaneseculture.

WhileGatescomesfromastrongfamily,Ellisonstilldoesnotknowwhohisfatherwas.HewasborntoanunmarriedmotherandadoptedbyhisRussianuncleandaunt.Abrilliantbutunpredictableself-promoter,hedroppedoutofcollege,drovetoCaliforniainabatteredThunderbirdcarandendedupworkingwithcomputertechniciansatabank.“Healwayshadachampagnelifestyleonbeermoney,”hisfirstwifesaid.

HesetupOraclein1977asasuper-salesmanwith3programmers,creatingsoftwareforbusinesses.Italmostcollapsedwhenitpromisedmorethanitcoulddeliver,butsincethenitsfortuneshavesoared.Nowitemploys43,000peopleandhasdesigneddata-processingsystemsusedbyBritain’sMl5spyserviceaswellasbigwesterncompanies.Oracle’ssoftwareismoreInternet-friendlythanGatesWindowonefactorbehindthecompany’srecentsharepricerise.

Sincehiscompanygotbig,Ellisonhaspromisedshareholdersthathewillspendmoretimeintheoffice.Butcanheescapebeingthethrill-seekerheisatheart?Assummerapproaches,hemayfindithardtoresistthelureofhisyachts,Sakura,oneofthelongestintheworld,andSayonara(Japanesefor“seeyoulater”),whichheracesfuriously.Itisdangeroussport,evenforguests.MediatycoonRupertMurdochoncenearlylostafingerwhenhegrabbedaropeduringaraceonboardthesayonara.Ellisonjokedatleasthecouldstillwrotechecks.

Regardlessofdistractions,EllisonwillnotgiveupinhisbattleagainstGates.Hehatestolose.Ellisondeclaresthatanysuchdominancebyoneman,likeMicrosoftincomputerindustry,isunhealthy.Hehasobviouslyforgottenhisownplanforaglobalempire,whichhewantedtocalltheUniversalTitanicOctopusCorporation.

1.Inthestockmarket,（）.

2.UnlikeBillGates,Ellison（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTEllison’sbelongings?

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutEllison?

5.Oracle’sadvantageisthat（）.

问题1选项

A.EllisonisasrichasBillGates

B.EllisonhasUS$200,000lessthanBillGates

C.Ellisonisricherthanbill

D.OraclehasmoremoneythanMicrosoft

问题2选项

A.comesfromastrongfamily

B.hasapoorfather

C.doesnotspendmuchoncharity

D.wasborninCalifornia

问题3选项

A.AGulfstreamVjet.

B.AMarchettifighter.

C.APorscheBoxster.

D.ARussianMig-29fighter.

问题4选项

A.Ellisonlacksthecharacteristicsofcalmness.

B.EllisondislikeJapaneseculture.

C.Ellisoniskeenonyachting.

D.Ellison’sbusinesshasgonesmoothlysincethebeginning.

问题5选项

A.itssharepriceisprettyhigh

B.ithasmoreemployeesthanMicrosoft

C.itsthebiggestwesterncompany

D.itssoftwareismoreinternet-friendlythanMicrosoft

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据题干信息定位到第二段Forafewseconds,asshareoftradersmarkedMicrosoftdownandOracleup,EllisoncamewithinUS$200,000ofGates.（有那么几秒钟，当交易员们认为微软股价下跌、甲骨文股价上涨时，埃里森的股价只比盖茨便宜20万美元。）因此B选项“埃里森比比尔•盖茨身价少20万美元”正确。A选项“埃里森和比尔•盖茨一样富有”不正确，文章讨论的是他们的身价，而不是谁更有钱。C选项“埃里森比比尔•盖茨更富有”，不正确，文章没有给出这个信息；D选项“甲骨文比微软有更多的钱”，根据埃里森的身价没有比尔盖茨高可以推断甲骨文（埃里森的公司）应该是没有微软更有钱的。

2.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段UnlikeGates,heisnotbigoncharity,preferringtospendhismoneyinhisway.（与盖茨不同的是，他不热衷于慈善事业，更喜欢按自己的方式花钱。）因此C选项“在慈善事业上花的钱不多”正确。A选项“来自一个强大的家庭”在后文WhileGatescomesfromastrongfamily,Ellisonstilldoesnotknowwhohisfatherwas.（虽然盖茨来自一个强大的家庭，但埃里森仍然不知道他的父亲是谁。）A选项不正确；B选项“有一个贫穷的父亲”，他甚至都不知道自己的父亲是谁，不正确；D选项“出生在加利福尼亚”，后文说他自己驾车去了加利福尼亚，所以可以判断他不是在这里出生的，错误。

3.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段Hehashisownprivateairforce,amilitary-stylecrewbasedatSanJoseairportnearRedwoodCity,tohelphimflyhisGulfstreamVjet(withtwomarbledbathrooms).（他有自己的私人空军，一个驻扎在雷德伍德城附近的圣何塞机场的军事风格的机组人员，帮助他驾驶湾流V型喷气式飞机。）因此A选项是他的所有物；同样在第三段aMarchettifighterplaneimportedfromItaly,andahandfulofotheraircraft,includingatrainerforhisson.（一架从意大利进口的马尔切蒂战斗机，以及其他几架飞机，包括给他儿子的一名教练员。）因此B选项也是他的所有物；在第三段Hehasarelatively-modestPorscheBoxster,twospeciallyalteredMercedesandaUS$900,000silverMcLaren.（他有一辆相对普通的保时捷Boxster，两辆经过特别改装的奔驰和一辆价值90万美元的银色迈凯轮。）因此C选项也是他的所有物；只有D选项是原文没有提到的，因此D选项正确。

4.判断推理题。根据题干和选项关键词定位到第六段Assummerapproaches,hemayfindithardtoresistthelureofhisyachts,Sakura,oneofthelongestintheworld,andSayonara(Japanesefor“seeyoulater”),whichheracesfuriously.（随着夏天的临近，他可能会发现很难抗拒他的游艇——世界上最长的游艇之一“Sakura”和他疯狂的“Sayonara”(日语“再见”)的诱惑。）可以推断出Ellison本人是热衷于游艇运动的，因此C选项“埃里森热衷于游艇运动”正确。A选项“埃里森缺乏冷静的特质”，文章并没有给出明确表示；B选项“埃里森不喜欢日本文化”，在第三段的最后一句话Forreasonsheknowsbest,EllisonisobsessedwithJapaneseculture.（出于对日本文化最了解的原因，埃里森痴迷于日本文化。），因此B选项错误；D选项“埃里森的业务从一开始就进展顺利”，一开始的时候他的公司几近崩溃，是后来挺过来了才蒸蒸日上，因此D选项错误。

5.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第五段的最后一句话Oracle’ssoftwareismoreInternet-friendlythanGatesWindowonefactorbehindthecompany’srecentsharepricerise.（甲骨文的软件在互联网上比盖茨的Windows系统更友好，这是该公司最近股价上涨的一个原因。）由此可知，D选项“它的软件比微软在互联网上更友好”正确。A选项“它的股价相当高”原文没有提到；B选项“他比微软有更多的员工”，文章没有说这个是优势；C选项“它是最大的西方公司”，这个是文章没有说到的。

9.单选题

Naturally,inagroupofanimalsasdiverseasthesnakes,andwithsomanyvariedenemies,therearenumerousdefensivereactionsanddevices.Thereis,however,onegeneralpatternofbehavior,inthepresenceofasuspectedenemythefirstreactionistotrytoescapeobservation;ifthisfails,thenextresortisflighttosomeinaccessibleretreat,butifthisisnotpossible,oriscircumvented,variouskindsofintimidatorygesturesandwarningdevicesarebroughtintoplay;inthelastresortthesnakeattacks.Thispatternvarieswiththecircumstances;somestagesmaybeomittedorcombinedunpredictablywhilst;somenotoriouslyirasciblespeciesmaydispensewithallthepreliminariesandattackalmostatonce,thoughseldomorneverwithoutsomeprovocation.

Amongstthefactorsthatincreaseaggressivenessarehunger,thematingseasonandsurprise,withthelastmentionedthecommonest;whenhuntingforfoodorformates,activityandtheaggressiveinstinctarebothattheirpeak,butitiswhenitiscaughtunawaresthatthenormalchainofre-actionstendstobecometelescoped.Owingtotheirpoorsenseofhearing,snakesareveryliabletobe,quiteliterally,caughtnappingandasimilarsituationarisesduringtheirperiodsoftemporaryblindnessjustbeforesloughingbegins.Byfarthegreatestnumberofsnake-biteaccidentsresultfromtheunwittingdisturbanceofrestingsnakes,andthishazardismuchincreasedwithspeciesthatarewellcamouflagedandwhosenaturalinstinctistotrusttothisconcealmentastheirprincipaldefense.Aswellasdifferencesinaggressivenessbetweenindividualsofthesamespeciesaccordingtothecircumstancesandconditions,therearealsonotabledifferencesbetweenspecies,evencloselyalliedspecies;andthereportsofthosewhohavebeenattackedmayunderstandablybelackinginobjectivity.Soitisimpossibletoforecast,eveninoutline,howanyencounterwilldevelop.

TheHamadryad,forexample,isusuallycreditedwithbeingamongstthemostaggressiveofsnakes,andtherearemanyaccountsofunprovokedattacks,yetononeoccasionfourteenmenandsevendogspassedandreturnedwithintwoyardsfromanestandnosnakewasseenalthoughthefemale,whichguardsthenest,couldnothavebeenfaraway.

1.Whenasnakemeetsapotentialenemy,itsprimarydeviceis（）.

2.By“dispensewithallthepreliminaries”(thelastsentence,Para.l.),theauthormostprobablymeansthat（）.

3.Asnakeismostaggressivewhen（）.

4.Itisdifficulttopredictwhatwouldhappenwhenasnakemeetsamanbecause（）.

5.Theauthorusestheexampleinthelastparagraphtosupporthisideathat（）.

问题1选项

A.avoidinganyobservation

B.findingasafeshelter

C.givingawarningthreat

D.startingaquick

问题2选项

A.thesnakescombineallthepreviousthreesteps.

B.thesnakesgiveupalltheprevioussteps.

C.thesnakesfollowallthepreviousstepsonebyone.

D.thesnakesreversetheorderofalltheprevioussteps.

问题3选项

A.itmeetsapossibleenemy

B.itiscaughtwhenitissleepingorsloughing

C.itisdisturbedunknowingly

D.itseeksapartnerinthematingseason

问题4选项

A.noonehaseverclearlyknownhowhehimselfwasbit

B.mantendstobesubjectivewhenhedescribeshisencounterwithasnake

C.theaggressivenessofthesnakesdiversifiesaccordingtodifferentsituations

D.asnakedoesnotbegintoattackwithoutprovocation

问题5选项

A.snakesdonotbegintheaggressiveactifitisnotdisturbed

B.somesnakesaremoreaggressiveandmorereadytoattack

C.itishardtoforecastwhetherandhowsnakeswouldattack

D.snakesoftenconcealthemselvesastheirprincipaldefense

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。定位到文章第一段，“inthepresenceofsuspectedenemythefirstreactionistotrytoescapeobservation”，在可疑的敌人面前，第一反应是设法逃过观察。由此可知蛇第一装置是逃避任何的观察，因此选项A正确。

2.事实细节题。定位到文章最后一段，“somestagesmaybeomittedorcombinedunpredictablywhilst;somenotoriouslyirasciblespeciesmaydispensewithallthepreliminariesandattackalmostatonce”，一些阶段可能被省略或合并不可预测，而一些臭名昭著的暴躁物种可能免除所有的准备，几乎一下子攻击。由此可知，蛇会放弃所有步骤直接攻击。因此选项B正确。

3.推理判断题。定位到文章第二段，“whenhuntingforfoodorformates,activityandtheaggressiveinstinctarebothattheirpeak.”当寻找食物或配偶时，活跃性和攻击性的本能都达到了顶峰，因此选项D符合题意。

4.推理判断题。定位到文章第二段，“Aswellasdifferencesinaggressivenessbetweenindividualsofthesamespeciesaccordingtothecircumstancesandconditions,therearealsonotabledifferencesbetweenspecies,evencloselyalliedspecies”除了同一物种的个体在攻击能力上因环境和条件的不同而存在差异外，物种之间，甚至亲缘关系密切的物种之间也存在显著差异。由此可知，蛇应对不同的情况会呈现出不同的应对反应，因此蛇遇见人而做出的反应是难以预测的。选项C正确。

5.推理判断题。定位到文章最后一段，“yetononeoccasionfourteenmenandsevendogspassedandreturnedwithintwoyardsfromanestandnosnakewasseenalthoughthefemale,whichguardsthenest,couldnothavebeenfaraway”，但有一次，14个人和7条狗在离一个巢穴两码的地方经过并返回，尽管雌蛇没有出现。守护鸟巢的鸟儿，不可能离得太远。由此可知蛇没有被打扰是不会进行应激行为的。因此选项A正确。

10.单选题

It’softenamistaketo（

）appearance:thatpoor-lookingindividualisanythingbutpoor.

问题1选项

A.goover

B.goby

C.goagainst

D.gofor

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项goover“复习，检查”；B选项goby“（时间）流逝，遵循，遵照，以……判断”；C选项goagainst“违背，作对”；D选项gofor“适用于”。根据配appearance（外貌，外观）可知B选项符合逻辑，gobyappearance表示“以貌取人”。句意：以貌取人往往是不准确的：那个看起来很穷的人根本不穷。

11.单选题

Ifyoumisstheculturalreferences（）aword,you’reverylikelytomissitsmeaning.

问题1选项

A.beyond

B.behind

C.below

D.before

【答案】D

【解析】考查介词辨析。A选项beyond“在（或向）……较远的一边；超过”；B选项behind“在……背面”；C选项below“在……下面”；D选项before“在……之前”。句意：如果你没看到单词（）的文化背景，你很可能会不理解它的意思。根据语境，可知文化背景紧挨着单词，并且在同一句话中，before“在……之前”比较合理。因此D选项正确。

12.单选题

Fatherdoesnotlike（

）meat.

问题1选项

A.lean

B.slim

C.skinny

D.slender

【答案】A

【解析】根据句意：父亲不喜欢瘦肉。只有选项A能与meat搭配，其他选项只能修饰人。

13.翻译题

residentialarea,leavesofblackbarrier,plaque,arch

二大门

二大门建于1909年，是清华大学的老校门。1933年，校园扩大，西区住宅区延伸，（同时）新校门修建（即现在的西校门）。梁实秋在清华大学读书的时候，这样描述它的老校门：清华大学的老校门由灰砖砌成，复以白漆，笼罩在淡淡的乳白色中，与总是半开着的两扇黑色棚栏相映衬。

在拱形大门的横匾上刻着三个醒目的中国字“清华园”，为清朝末期一个叫作那同的达官所书写。大门在文化革命初期被损毁，直到1991年才重新修复。

【答案】TheSecondGate,builtin1909,istheoldgateofTsinghuaUniversity.In1933,thecampuswasexpanded,theWestSideresidentialareawasextended,andthenewschoolgate(nowtheWestGate)wasbuilt.

WhenLiangShiqiuwasastudentatTsinghuaUniversity,hedescribeditsoldgatethisway:TheoldgateofTsinghuaUniversitywasbuiltofgreybrick,cladinwhitepaint,andenvelopedinapalemilkywhite,setoffbytwoleavesofblackbarrierthatwerealwayshalfopen.

OnthehorizontalplaqueofthearchedgatearethreestrikingChinesecharacters“QingHuaYuan”,writtenbyanofficialnamedNatonginthelateQingDynasty.ThegatewasdamagedatthebeginningoftheCulturalRevolutionandwasnotrestoreduntil1991.

14.单选题

（）allourkindnesstohelpher,Sararefusedtolisten.

问题1选项

A.At

B.In

C.For

D.On

【答案】C

【解析】句意:尽管我们好意要帮助Sara，但她不肯听从我们。

考查短语辨析。Atall（否定）根本，究竟；inall总共，合计；forall尽管，虽然；没有onall的搭配用法。根据后半句句意“但她不肯听从我们”可知C项正确。

15.单选题

Reading（）thelines,Iwouldsaythatthegovernmentaremoreworriedthantheywilladmit.

问题1选项

A.behind

B.between

C.along

D.among

【答案】B

【解析】考查习语。readbetweenthelines“体会言外之意”。句意：根据字里行间的言外之意，我认为政府委员们要比他们承认的更担心。B项符合题意。

16.翻译题

Assoonasawomanhascaughtherman,she“givesuphercareerforlove”一or,atleast,thatiswhatshewilltellhim.Hecouldhardlybeflatteredbythethoughtthatshehadbeensavedinthenickoftimefromhavingtosweatherwaythroughexaminations,buthewouldmuchrathergetdrunkontheideaofthelove4

【答案】女人一旦捕获了自己的男人，便会“为了爱情而放弃事业”，或者，至少她会对男人如是说。虽说他大概不会既得意洋洋地认为，是他在紧要关头救了她，使她免受考试的煎熬，但他却宁愿陶醉于爱情“无法折衷”的想法，而这种想法是她故意装作对她才有的想法。他甚至认为，也许她本来可以成为一名著名的外科医生或出色的新闻记者，而她却为了自己放弃了所有的一切。但他永远不会想到，她更愿意当一个著名外科医生的太太，既不用上班，也不用承担责任，就能享有他那样的收入和地位。因此，为了弥补她所做出的巨大牺牲，他决心让她在自己的身边过上舒舒服服的曰子。

17.单选题

Somepeoplebelievethat“KingJohn”waswrittenbyShakespeare,butsomepeoplethinkitmightbewrittenbyan（）author.

问题1选项

A.ambiguous

B.authentic

C.antique

D.anonymous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。ambiguous模糊不清的，模棱两可的；authentic真正的，真实的；antique古老的，年代久远的；anonymous匿名的，无名的。由but可知前后句所述内容相反，前半句说有人相信莎士比亚是《约翰王》的作者，后半句推测作者是一个匿名的作家。故D项正确。句意：有些人认为《约翰王》是莎士比亚写的，但有些人认为它可能是匿名的作者写的。

18.单选题

UrbanmotorwayshaveprovednosolutiontoBritain’s______trafficcongestion—indeedsomesaytheyhavemadeitworse.

问题1选项

A.abundant

B.adamant

C.sticky

D.chronic

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项abundant“大量的，充裕的”；B选项adamant“坚决的”；C选项sticky“难办的，棘手的”；D选项chronic“长期的，难以治愈（或根除）的”。句意：事实证明，城市高速公路并不能解决英国______的交通拥堵问题——事实上，有的人说，城市高速公路让情况更糟了。横线处修饰trafficcongestion“交通拥堵问题”，交通拥堵问题不是短时间形成和解决的，没有提到会带来很严重的后果，需要立刻解决，不至于棘手，D选项chronic“长期的，难以治愈（或根除）的”符合题意。因此D选项正确。

19.单选题

Johnsaidthattherichercountriesoftheworldshouldmakea（）efforttohelpthepoorercountries.

问题1选项

A.futile

B.glittering

C.frantic

D.concentrated

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。futile“徒劳的”；glittering“闪闪发光的”；frantic“狂乱的”；concentrated“集中的”。句意：约翰说更富裕的国家应该集中去帮助贫穷的国家。选项D符合题意。

20.翻译题

Translatethe.followingshortparagraphsintoEnglish

本世纪初，小麦简直就是加拿大西部的命脉。小麦收成好，经济则繁荣；小麦歉收，经济则萧条。城市中大街小巷的人们都在关注着小麦的收成和价格，这种心情就好像他们就是种植者一样。小麦的市场行情成了人们的热门话题。

战争使西部粮食市场发生了许多戏剧性的变化。多年以来，农民们不信任在粮食交易所从事的粮食投机买卖。秋季的麦价一般都较低，但是农民们等不到市场好转。他们常常在小麦一收割后就卖掉，过后则眼睁睁看着小麦涨价，投机者从中发财。在各种时机，农民团体曾多次要求政府对市场严加控制，但政府不想卷入其中，直到战争期间，麦价有失控的危险时，政府才介入。由于迫切需要控制通货膨胀和生活费用上涨，联邦政府设立了一个粮食监督委员会来处理从1917年至1918年的粮食收缴工作。

【答案】Atthebeginningofthiscentury,wheatwasthelifelineofWestofCanada.Theeconomywouldprosperiftherewasagoodharvest,otherwisetheeconomywouldbedepressed.Peopleinurbanareasallpaidattentiontotheharvestandpriceofwheat,asiftheyweretheplanters.Andthemarketconditionofwheatbecameahottopic.

Warhasbroughtaboutnumerousdramaticchangesinwesterngrainmarket.Formanyyears,farmershaveneverbeentrustinggrainspeculationactivities.Generally,thepricewasrelativelylowinfall,however,theycouldnotwaitthehighprice.Theywouldsellwheatonceharvested,andcouldonlyseespeculatorsgaingreatbenefitfromtheincreasingofwheatprice.Duringvariousperiodsoftime,farmergroupshadrequiredthegovernmentstocarryoutstrictcontroluponthegrainmarket,butthegovernmentwouldn’twillingtointerveneuntilthepricewaslostcontrolduringthewar.Asitbecameurgenttocontrolinflationandlivingexpenses,theFederalgovernmentsetuptheGrainOversightCommitteetodealwiththebuyingandsellingofgrainduring1917to1918.

21.单选题

Itwasoncethoughtthatairpollutionaffectsonlytheareaimm