考研考博-英语-云南三鑫职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-云南三鑫职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.翻译题

根据最新统计，67%的美国人能上网，该比例是中国的6倍。尽管互联网作用巨大，但许多问题远远没有解决，如：病毒侵入和信息安全。即使这些问题最终有可能得到解决，也需要艰辛的努力和多年时间。

【答案】答：

Accordingtothelateststatistics,67%oftheU.S.populationhaveaccesstotheInternet,whichissixtimesthatofChina.DespitetheinfluentialroleoftheInternet,manyproblemsarefarfromsettled,suchastheinvasionofvirusesandinformationsecurity.Evenifitispossibletofindfinalsolutions,itwilltakepainstakingeffortsandmanyyears.

2.问答题

Hurricanes,housefires,cancer,white-waterraftingaccidents,planecrashes,viciousattacksindarkarchways.Nobodyasksforanyofit.Buttotheirsurprise,manypeoplefindthatenduringsuchanordealultimatelychangesthemforthebetter.Theiropinionmightbesomethinglikethis:“Iwishithadn’thappened,butI’mabetterpersonforit.”

Welovetohearthestoriesofpeoplewhohavebeentransformedbytheirtribulations,perhapsbecausetheytestify（1）apsychologicaltruth,onethatsometimesgetslostamidendlessreportsofdisaster;thereisabuilt—inhumancapacitytoflourishunderthemostdifficultcircumstances.Positivereactionstoprofoundlydisturbingexperiencesarenotlimitedtothetoughestorthebravest.Infact,roughlyhalfofthepeoplewhostrugglewithadversitysaythattheirliveshaveinsomewaysimproved.

InadarkroominQueens,NewYork,31-year-oldfashiondesignerTracyCyrbelievedshewasdying.Afewmonthsbefore,shehadstoppedtakingthepowerfulimmune-suppressingdrugsthatkeptherarthritis

（2）

check.Sheneveranticipatedwhatwouldhappen:awithdrawalreactionthateventuallyleftherintotalbodyagonyandneurologicalmeltdown.Theslightestmovement-tryingtoswallow,forexample-wasexcruciating.Eventhepressureofhercheckonthepillowwasalmostunbearable.

Cyrisnowimp-diagnosedwithjuvenilerheumatoidarthritisattheageoftwo,she’denduredthesymptomsandthetreatments(drugs,surgery)herwholelife.Butthistime,shewaswaypastherlimits,andnothingherdoctorsdidseemedtohelp.Eitherthediseasewasgoingtokillheror,prettysoon,she’dhavetokillherself.

Ashersleeplessnightsworeon,though,hersuicidalthoughtsbegantobeinterruptedbynewfeelingsofgratitude.Shewasstillinagony,butanewconsciousnessgrewstrongereachnight:anawesomesenseofliberation,combinedwithanall-encompassingfeelingofsympathyandcompassion.“Ifeltstripped（3）everythingI’deveridentifiedmyselfwith,”shesaidsixmonthslater.“EverythingIthoughtI’dknownorbelievedinwasuseless-time,money,self-image,perceptionthatwassoforcing.”

Withinafewmonths,shebegantobeabletomovemorefreely,thankstoacocktailofsteroidsandotherdrugs.Butasherphysicalstrengthcameback,shedidnotreturntoheroldwayofbeingasafeisty,demanding“sex-in-the-City,three-inch-stilettos-and-fishnets”girl.Nowquieterandmoretolerant,shemakesapointofbeingsubmissiveinatum-the-othercheekkindofway.Cyrstilltakesapharmacopoeiaofdrugseveryday,butshesaysthere’snoquestionthatherlifeisbetternow.“IfeltIhadbeenshownthesecretoflifeandwhywe’rehere,tobehappyandtonurtureotherlife.It’sthatsimple.”

Hermind-blowingexperiencecameasatotalsurprise.Butthatfeelingoftransformationisinsomewaystypical,saysRichTedeschi,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofNorthCarolinainCharlottewhocoinedtheterm“post-traumaticgrowth”，Hisstudiesofpeoplewhohaveenduredextremeeventslikecombat,violentcrimeorsuddenseriousillnessshowthatmostfeeldazedandanxiousintheimmediateaftermath.Theyarepreoccupiedwiththeideathattheirliveshavebeenshattered.Afewpeoplearehauntedlongafterwardbymemoryproblems,sleeptroubleandsimilarsymptomsofpost-traumaticstressdisorder.ButTedeschiandothershavefoundthatformanypeople—perhapseventhemajoritylifeultimatelybecomesricherandmoregratifying.

Somethingsimilarhappenstomanypeoplewhoexperienceaterrifyingphysicalthreat.Inthatmoment,oursenseofinvulnerabilityispierced,andtheself-protectivementalarmorthatnormallystandsbetweenusandourperceptionsoftheworldistomaway.Oureverydaylifescripts---ourhabits,self-perceptionsandassumptions-gooutthewindow,andwe’releftwitharawexperienceoftheworld.

Still,actuallyimplementingthesechanges,aswellasfullycomingtoterms（4）thenewreality,usuallytakesconsciouseffort.Beingwillingandabletotakeonthisprocessisoneofthemajordifferencesbetweenthosewhogrowthroughadversityandthosewhoaredestroyedbyit.

Eventually,theymayfindthemselvesfreedinwaystheyneverimagined.Survivorsoftensaytheybecomemoretolerantandforgiving

（5）others,capableofbringingpeacetoformerlytroubledrelationships.Theysaythatmaterialambitionssuddenlyseemedsillyandthepleasuresoffriendsandfamilybecameparamount-andthatthecrisisallowedthemtoreorganizelifeinlinewiththenewpriorities.

Peoplewhohavegrown（6）adversityoftenfeelmuchlessfear,despitethefrighteningthingsthey’vebeenthrough.Theyaresurprisedbytheirownstrength,confidentthattheycanhandlewhateverelselifethrowsatthem.“Peopledon’tsaythatwhattheywentthroughwaswonderful,nsaysTedeschi.“Theyweren’tmeaningtogrowfromit.Theywerejusttryingtosurvive.Butinretrospect,whattheygainedwasmorethantheyevenanticipated.”

InhisrecentbookSatisfaction,EmoryUniversitypsychiatristGregoryBenspointstoextremeenduranceathleteswhopushthemselvestotheirphysicallimitsfordaysatatime.Theycyclethroughthesamesequenceofsensationsasdotraumasurvivors;self-loss,confusionand,finally,anewsenseofmastery.Forultramarathoners,whoregularlyrun100-mileracesthatlastmorethan24hours,vomitingandhallucinatingarenormal.Afteradayandnightofrunningwithoutstoppingorsleeping,competitorssometimesforgetwhotheyareandwhatthey’redoing.

Butthefeelingofmasteringextraordinarydifficultymakesupforit,reportsHonolulubusinessmanRandyHavre.Havre,51,foundthisfeelingnearthesummitofMaunaKeanearly10yearsago.Hewasnearingtheendofa44-mileracethattookhimfromsealeveltothetopofthevolcano-averticalascentof13,766feet.Hewasonhiswaytosettingtheunofficialworldrecordfortheclimb,butthehighelevationwasstartingtoget

（

7）

him.

“Whenyougettoabout10,000feet,thingstendtogetalittleweirdbecauseoftheswellingandpressureonyourbrain,”hesays.“Abovethat,itgetsexponentiallyweirder.Irememberbustingoutcryingat12,000feet.Butifyoucanfinishthesethings,youknow;Hey,Icangetthroughthisstuff.Youwereabletohang

（8）

there,andyou’restrongerforthat.”

Theemotionalrewardcancompensateforthepainanddifficultyofadversity.Thisperspectivedoesnotcancel

（9）

whathappened,butitputsitallinadifferentcontext:thatit’spossibletoliveanextraordinarilyrewardinglifeevenwithintheconstraintsandstrugglesweface.Insomeformorother,saysKing,weallmustgo

（10）

thisrealization.“You’renotgoingtobethepersonyouthoughtyouwere,buthere’swhoyouaregoingtobeinstead-andthatturnsouttobeaprettygreatlife.”

Fillineachblankinthearticlewithanappropriatepreposition(介词).

Readthearticlecarefullyandexplainthemeaningofthewordsaccordingtothecontext.

tribulations(inparagraph2)

adversity(inparagraph2)

withdrawal(inparagraph3)

excruciating(inparagraph3)

wimp(inparagraph4)

aftermath(inparagraph7)

gratifying(inparagraph7)

paramount(inparagraph10)

hallucinating(inparagraph12)

exponentially(inparagraph14)

AccordingtoRichTedeschi,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityNorthCarolinainCharlotte,thereisaphenomenoncalled“post-traumagrowth”.Whatdoesitmean?

【答案】1.考查介词搭配。testifyto意为“证明，证实”。

试题答案：to

2.考查介词搭配。arthritis意为“关节炎”，由前面句子的内容可知，几个月之前，她已停止服用强效的免疫抑制药物，that引导的是同位语从句，是对drugs进行补充说明，故可推测此处是用药物进行控制关节炎。incheck意为“在控制中”。

试题答案：in

3.考查介词搭配。stripof意为“剥夺”。

试题答案：of

4.考查介词搭配。由后面句子的内容可知，愿意并能够承担这一过程是那些在逆境中成长的人和被逆境摧毁的人之间的主要区别之一，故此处表示接受这个新的事实。termwith意为“接受”。

试题答案：with

5.考查介词搭配。此处表示对别人更加容忍和宽容。of意为“(表示对象)对于……”。

试题答案：of

6.考查介词搭配。adversity意为“逆境”，此处表示从困境中成长，from意为“从……中”。

试题答案：from

7.考查介词搭配。getto意为“到达，抵达”。

试题答案：to

8.考查介词搭配。由前后句子内容可知，如果完成这些事，你将会挺过去，变得更坚强，故此处表示坚持，hangin意为“不泄气，坚持下去”。

试题答案：in

9.考查介词搭配。由后面句子的内容“但它可以把这些苦难全部放在另一个背景中看待”，but表示转折，根据前面句子内容“情感上的回报可以弥补逆境带来的痛苦和苦难”，故此处表示精神上的收获不能抵消所发生的痛苦，cancelout“抵消”。

试题答案：out

10.考查介词搭配。gothrough意为“经历，经受”，此处表示我们必须经历这个认知。

试题答案：through

1.试题答案：苦难

2.试题答案：逆境，困境

3.试题答案：撤药，撤退

4.试题答案：极痛苦的

5.试题答案：懦弱的人，无用的人

6.试题答案：后果

7.试题答案：可喜的

8.试题答案：最高的，至上的

9.试题答案：令人满意的，令人欣慰的

10.试题答案：以指数方式

Itmeansaperson’slifebecomesricherandmoregratifyingafterenduringextremeeventslikecombat,violentcrimeorsuddenseriousillness.

3.单选题

Usingmanysymbolsmake（）toputalargeamountofinformationonasinglemap.

问题1选项

A.possible

B.itpossible

C.itispossible

D.thatpossible

【答案】B

【解析】语法知识。it做形式宾语，后面用动词不定式todo接真正的宾语。句意：用大量的符号把大量的信息放在一张图上成为可能。选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

TheChinagovernmenthasannounceditsintentiontodoublethecountry’sinvestmentinresearchonsolarpoweroverthenextthreeyears.

问题1选项

A.TheChinagovernment

B.itsintentiontodouble

C.inresearchon

D.overthenext

E.没有问题

【答案】A

【解析】theChinagovernment应改为theChinesegovernment或thegovernmentofChina.

5.单选题

Therehasnotbeenagreatresponsetothesale,（）?

问题1选项

A.doesthere

B.hasn’tthere

C.hasn’tit

D.hasthere

【答案】D

【解析】考查反义疑问句。含有therebe结构的反义疑问句，如果陈述部分为therebe结构时，则疑问部分用be（not）there。例如：Thereisnotmuchnews，isthere？本题用的是therebe句型的完成时的否定形式，所以反义疑问句要用到完成时的肯定形式，即hasthere？句意：这次销售反响不太好，对吧？综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。

6.单选题

WhatyouoverheardthatdaydidhavesomethingtodowithMartin（

）.

问题1选项

A.inaway

B.intheway

C.ontheway

D.outoftheway

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。inaway意为“在某种程度上”；intheway意为“妨碍”；ontheway意为“在途中，接近”；outoftheway意为“偏远”。句意：你那天无意中听到的事确实与马丁在某种程度上有关。

7.单选题

Herarduouseffortshadsappedherenergy.

问题1选项

A.monotonous

B.strenuous

C.autonomous

D.spontaneous

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.monotonous单调乏味的；毫无变化的B.strenuous紧张的；费力的；艰苦的

C.autonomous自治的；自主的D.spontaneous自发的；非筹划安排的

【答案】B

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意：她的艰苦努力耗尽了她的精力。划线词arduous意为“努力的；费力的”。B选项strenuous“紧张的；费力的；艰苦的”与之意思相近。选B。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不符合句意。

【句意】她的艰苦努力耗尽了她的精力。

8.单选题

However,growthinthefabricatedmetalsindustrywasableto________someofthedeclineintheironandsteelindustry.

问题1选项

A.overturn

B.overtake

C.offset

D.oppress

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“推翻”；B选项“超过”；C选项“抵消，弥补”；D选项“压迫”。句意：然而金属制品工业能够（）钢铁工业的衰退。由于金属制成品产业和钢铁工业不存在竞争关系，甚至会存在某种互补关系，所以A，B，D排除，答案选C。

9.单选题

Thehabitoftravellingbyairisbecomingmore________.

问题1选项

A.prominent

B.prevalent

C.prudent

D.precious

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.prominent重要的，显著的B.prevalent流行的，普遍存在的

C.prudent谨慎的，慎重的D.precious宝贵的，珍贵的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】空格处做表语来说明“Thehabitoftravellingbyair（乘飞机旅行的习惯）”正变得怎么样。此处应该是说大家都习惯于乘飞机旅行，这一现象变得越来越普遍。prevalent指在某一特定地点或时期普遍、常见的，因此B选项prevalent“流行的，普遍存在的”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A选项prominent“重要的，显著的”指某人或某物非常著名或显眼；

C选项prudent“谨慎的，慎重的”指具有谨慎的良好判断力；

D选项precious“宝贵的，珍贵的”指某物非常有价值，十分重要；

均不能和“habit（习惯）”进行搭配。

【句意】乘飞机旅行的习惯变得越来越普遍了。

10.单选题

Hesaidheismy______friendbutIdon’tthinkso.

问题1选项

A.intensive

B.onion

C.intimate

D.occasion

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项intensive“密集的”；B选项onion“洋葱，葱头”；C选项intimate“亲密的，密切的”；D选项occasion“某次，……的时候”。句意：他说他是我______的朋友，但我不这么认为。根据语境，这里形容的是我们之间的关系是怎样的，C选项intimate“亲密的，密切的”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

11.单选题

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Thewoman’searningsovertheyears.

B.Thekeytorunningashopatalowcost.

C.Thebusinesssuccessofthewoman’sshop.

D.Thewoman’srelationshipwithothershops.

问题2选项

A.Keepdownitsexpenses.

B.Improveitscustomerservice.

C.Expanditsbusinessscale.

D.Upgradethegoodsitsells.

问题3选项

A.Theyareingreatdemand.

B.Theyaredeliveredfreeofcharge.

C.Theyareverypopularwiththelocalresidents.

D.Theyaresoldatlowerpricesthaninothershops.

问题4选项

A.Tomaintainfriendlyrelationshipswithothershops.

B.Toavoidbeingputoutofbusinessincompetition.

C.Toattractmorecustomersintheneighborhood.

D.Tofollowthecustomofthelocalshopkeepers.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】ConversationTwo

M:[5]Yousayyourshophasbeendoingwell.Couldyougivemesomeideaofwhatdoingwellmeansinfactsandfigures?

W:Well,doingwellmeansaveraging1,200poundsormoreaweekforabout7years,makingalmostaquarterofamillionpounds.Anddoingwellmeansyourearningsarerising.Lastyearwedidslightlyover50,000andthisyearwehopetodomorethan60,000.Sothat’sgoodifwecontinuetorise.

M:Nowthat’sgrowthonearningsIassume.Whataboutyourexpenses?

W:Yes,that’sgrowth.Theexpensesofcoursegoupsteadily.Andsincewe’vemovedtothisnewshop,theexpenseshaveincreasedgreatlybecauseit’samuchbiggershop.SoIcouldn’tsayexactlywhatourexpensesare.There’ssomethingintheregionof6or7thousandpoundsayear,whichisnothigh—commerciallyspeaking,it’sverylow.[6]Andwetrytokeepourexpensesaslowaswecan.

M:[7]Andyourpricesaremuchlowerthanthesamegoodsinshopsroundabout.Howdothelocalshopkeepersfeelabouthavingashopdoingsowellintheirmidst?

W:Perhapsalotofthemdon’trealizehowwellwe’redoingbecausewedon’tmakeapointofpublicizing.Thatwasalessonwe’velearnedveryearlyon.Wewereveryfriendlywithalllocalshop-keepersandwehavebeentomentiontoalocalshopkeeperhowmuchwehavemadethatweek.Hewasveryunhappyandneverasfriendlyagain.Sowemakeapointofneverpublicizingtheamountofthemoneywemake.Butwe’reonverygoodtermswithalltheshops;noneofthemhaveevercomplainedthatwe’reputtingthemoutofbusinessoranythinglikethat.Ithinkit’sanicefunnyrelationship.[8]Maybeiftheydidknowwhatwemade,perhapstheywouldn’tbesofriendly.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问说话者主要谈论的是什么？在录音开头，男士就问女士能否用事实和数据来说明她的店铺经营良好。接下来女士从盈利、开支、与其他店主之间的关系三方面进行阐述。C选项“女士店铺的成功经营”最能概括对话的主要内容，因此正确。A选项“这些年女士的收入”和D选项“女士与其他店铺的关系”虽然在录音中有提及，但只是女士在讲述其店铺经营时的一些具体方面，并不是对话的主题，因此可排除；B选项“低成本经营店铺的关键因素”在录音中并没有信息提及。

6.Whatdoesthewomansayhershoptriestodo?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问女士说她的店铺试图做什么？男士问到女士店铺的开支时，女士提到其店铺在该地区一年要支出6000至7000英镑，但其实并不算多，接着还说他们会尽可能降低开支（wetrytokeepourexpensesaslowaswecan）。A选项“降低其开支”是对录音原文的同义替换，因此正确。B选项“改善顾客服务质量”；C选项“扩大业务规模”和D选项“升级销售的产品”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。

7.Whatdowelearnaboutgoodssoldatthewoman’sshop?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问关于女士店铺出售的商品，我们了解到什么？根据录音中，男士向女士问的最后一个问题：同样的商品，女士店铺里销售的要比附近其他商店价格要低很多，附近的商店对女士店铺经营得如此好是怎么看的。由此可知，D选项“它们的售价比其他店铺低”与录音原文表述相符，因此正确。A选项“它们的需求量很大”；B选项“它们免费送货”和C选项“它们很受当地居民的欢迎”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。

8.Whydoesn’tthewomanwanttomakeknowntheirearningsanymore?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问为什么这位女士不想让别人知道他们的收入了？录音中提及女士的店铺曾向当地的店主提及赚了多少钱，使得与其他店主关系变差了，因此他们不再公布自己的收入了。由此可推测，女士不宣扬其店铺收入是想与其他店主保持良好的关系。因此A选项“与其他商店保持友好关系”正确。B选项“避免在商业竞争中被淘汰”；C选项“为了吸引更多附近的客户”和D选项“跟随当地店主的习惯做法”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。

12.单选题

NorthKoreahas（）tieswithSouthKorea,excepttheKaesongZone,ajointventurebetweenthetwoKoreas,readyingitselfforastateofthewar.

问题1选项

A.savored

B.severed

C.segmented

D.segregated

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项savored“尽情享受；欣赏”；B选项severed“断绝；分离”；C选项segmented“分割；分裂”；D选项segregated“使隔离；使分离”。句意：除了开城工业区这个两国的合资企业，北朝鲜已经……与南韩的联系，准备进入战争状态。B，C，D选项都有分离的意思，由后面的名词ties“纽带；联系”，可知句中是指断开两国之间的联系。severed就有断绝关系或者断开联系的意思。因此B选项符合题意。

13.翻译题

1.名声、财产和权力等都是身外之物，人人都可求而得之，但没有人能够代替你感受人生。

2.警方提醒乘客，不要将钱和贵重物品放在提包里，以防被盗。

3.虽然知道获胜的可能性不大，但比赛失败后，我们多少还是有点沮丧。

4.Ineffect,theyagreedtotheviewthattheverychangeinlawbringsaboutachangeinthenatureofsocietyandhumanrelationshipswithinit.

5.Theprofessordefinitelywillnotagreewiththepointthatthetranslationamountedtolittlemorethanlookingupwordsindictionaries.

【答案】1.Fame,propertyandpowerareallworldlypossessions,andeverybodycanstriveforthem.Butnoonecouldreplaceyoutoexperiencethelife.

2.Thepolicewarnedthepassengersagainstputtingmoneyandpreciousthingsinbagsincasetheyshouldbestolen.

3.Thoughweknewthatourchancestowinwereslim,weweremoreorlessdepressedwhenwelostthegame.

4.实际上，他们同意正是法律的改变引起社会性质和社会人际关系的改变这一观点。

5.这位教授肯定不会同意翻译基本是在词典里查生词的观点。

14.单选题

Itisverykindofyoutooffer,butanymorepuddingwouldsimplybe（）.

问题1选项

A.exceptional

B.excessive

C.abundant

D.ample

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。exceptional"例外的;异常的";excessive"过多的;极度的";abundant"丰富的,多产的";ample"丰富的,足够的"。句意：你给的刚刚好,再多一点布丁都显得太过分了。选项B符合句意。

15.单选题

Earlyinthesixteenthcentury,FrancisBaconproposedthatscienceconsistedintheelevationoftheauthorityofexperimentandobservationoverthatofreason,intuition,andconvention.Baconthoughtthatasmoreandmorereliableandpreciseparticularfacts,accumulate,theycanbeclassifiedandgeneralized,resultinginanever-expandinghierarchyofuseful“axioms”.Thisiswhathemeantby“induction”.

Althoughmanypeopletodaycontinuetoregardthecollectionoffactsandtheirarrangementbyinductionintotheoriesastheheartofscientificmethod,Bacon’sconceptionofwhatfactsandtheoriesareandoftherelationshipbetweenthemwashopelesslyunrealisticeveninhisowntime.ThemostimportantearlyscientificdiscoveriessuchasthosemadebyGalileoaboutthemovementoftheearth,byKepplerabouttheellipticalshape,ofplanetaryorbits,andlaterbyNewtonaboutthe“force”ofgravity——couldneverhavebeenmadeifBacon’sruleshadprevailed.

Determinedtoavoidallprematurespeculations,Baconproposedthatdatagatheringbecarriedoutbyilliterateassistantswithnointerestinwhetheranexperimentturnedoutonewayoranother.Plainfacts,properlyarranged,wouldautomaticallyleadtocertainknowledgeoftheuniverse.Nothingcouldbemoremisrepresentativeoftheactualproblem-solvingtechniquesofthescientificmethod.ThatplainfactsdonotspeakforthemselvesisevidentfromBacon’sownacceptanceoftheerrorscontainedinwhatappearedtobethemost“obvious”offacts.ForBacon,thattheearthdidnotmovewasafactbecauseitcouldbeseennottomove;andforBaconitwasafactthatlifewasbeingspontaneouslygeneratedbecausemaggotsalwaysdevelopedinputridfleshandfrogsappearedaftereveryrain.

WhatisclearisthatthegreatbreakthroughsofNewton,Darwin,orMarxcouldneverhavebeenachievedsolelyonthebasisofBaconianfactgathering.Factsarealwaysunreliablewithouttheorieswhichguidetheircollectionandwhichdistinguishbetweensuperficialandsignificantappearances.

21.AccordingtoBacon,facts（）.

22.Datacollectionshouldbeperformedbyilliterateassistants,（）.

23.AccordingtoBacon,knowledgecanbeobtained（）.

24.Spontaneousgenerationoflife（）.

问题1选项

A.aredeterminedbyobservations

B.canonlybeunderstoodthroughlogicalreasoning

C.haveahierarchy

D.aregatheredbyilliterateassistants

问题2选项

A.accordingtoBacon,asitledtospeculation

B.accordingtoBacon,topreventtheoriesfrombeingformulatedoninsufficientdata

C.wasanotionBaconstronglyopposed

D.wasanotionrejectedonthegroundsthatitledtoprematurespeculations

问题3选项

A.bysubjectingtheoriestorigorouslogicalanalysis

B.notthroughpoliticalorreligiousdogmas,butthroughreason

C.byobservationalone

D.throughtheinductivemethod

问题4选项

A.wasaknownfactinBacon'stime

B.isverifiedbymaggotsinputridflesh

C.ismoreapparentthanreal

D.isaspeculationwhichhasnobasisinobservation

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】21.细节推断题。根据“FrancisBaconproposedthatscienceconsistedintheelevationoftheauthorityofexperimentandobservationoverthatofreason,intuition,andconvention.（培根（FrancisBacon）提出，科学在于提高实验和观察的权威，而不是理性、直觉和惯例的权威。）”即可合理推断得出本题答案。

22.

细节事实题。根据题干关键词“illiterateassistants”“datacollection”，可将信息点定位至原文第二段第一句，“Althoughmanypeopletodaycontinuetoregardthecollectionoffactsandtheirarrangementbyinductionintotheoriesastheheartofscientificmethod,Bacon’sconceptionofwhatfactsandtheoriesareandoftherelationshipbetweenthemwashopelesslyunrealisticeveninhisowntime.（尽管今天许多人仍然把收集事实并把它们归纳成理论作为科学方法的核心，但是培根关于事实和理论是什么以及它们之间的关系的概念，即使在他那个时代也是完全不切实际的。）”从而得出本题答案。

23.

细节推断题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第一段第二句和第三句。“Baconthoughtthatasmoreandmorereliableandpreciseparticularfacts,accumulate,theycanbeclassifiedandgeneralized,resultinginanever-expandinghierarchyofuseful‘axioms’.Thisiswhathemeantby‘induction’.（培根认为，随着越来越可靠和精确的特定事实的积累，它们可以被分类和概括，从而形成一个不断扩大的有用的‘公理’层次结构。这就是他所说的‘归纳法’。）”从而得出本题答案。

24.

细节推断题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文最后一段最后一句，“Factsarealwaysunreliablewithouttheorieswhichguidetheircollectionandwhichdistinguishbetweensuperficialandsignificantappearances.（若没有理论指导事实的收集，没有理论区分表面现象和重要现象，那么事实总是不可靠的。）”从而可进行合理推断得出本题答案。

16.单选题

ThedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguagefallsintothreereasonably（）periods:OldEnglish,MiddleEnglish,andModernEnglish.

问题1选项

A.cutting

B.rational

C.distinct

D.disputable

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。cutting“锋利的”；rational“合理的，理性的”；distinct“独特的，有区别的”；disputable“有争议的，可诉性的”。句意：英语语言的发展合理地分为三个阶段：古代英语、中世纪英语、现代英语。选项C符合题意。

17.单选题

Tendaysagotheyoungmaninformedhisbossofhisintentionto______.

问题1选项

A.resign

B.reject

C.retreat

D.replace

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.resign辞职，辞去（某职务）B.reject拒绝接受；不予考虑

C.retreat退却；撤退D.replace代替，取代

【答案】A

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息informedhisboss（通知了他的老板）可推知，空格处表示“辞职”符合句意，该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】10天前，这个年轻人告诉他的老板他打算辞职。

18.翻译题

假如预期实际油价的上涨幅度将超过替代资产的回报率，生产者会把石油留在地下不开采。因此决定当前价格的，是预期的未来价格。最重要的推动因素是新兴国家（尤其是中国）需求的预期增长情况，以及对替代能源供应的担忧。中国经济的迅速增长及其资源高度密集型的增长方式，是最重要的因素。

【答案】

Producerswillleaveoilinthegroundiftheriseinrealoilpricesisexpectedtobefasterthanthereturnonthealternativeassets.Whatdeterminesthecurrentpricethenistheexpectedfutureprice.Themostimportantstimulationshavebeentheprospectivegrowthinthedemandofemergingcountries,particularlyChina,andgloomaboutalternativesourcesofsupply.China’srapidandhighlyresource-intensivegrowthisthemostimportantfactor.

19.单选题

Inoursocietytheunwrittenrulesofcommunicationdiscouragethedirectexpressionofemotions.Countthenumberofgenuineemotionalexpressionsyouhearoveratwo-or-three-dayperiodandyou’lldiscoverthatemotionalexpressionsarerare.Peoplearegenerallycomfortablemakingstatementsoffactandoftendelightinexpressingtheiropinions,buttheyrarelydisclosehowtheyfeel.

Notsurprisingly,theemotionsthatpeopledosharedirectlyareusuallypositive.Forexample,onestudyofmarriedcouplesrevealedthatthepartnerssharedflatteringfeelingsofface-savingones.Theyalsowillinglydisclosedbothpositiveandnegativefeelingsaboutabsentthirdparties.Ontheotherhand,thehusbandsandwivesrarelyexpressedface-threateningfeelingsofhostility.

Surprisingly,socialrulesevendiscouragetoomuchexpressionofpositivefeelings.AhugandkissforMotherisallright,thoughayoungmanshouldshakehandswithDad.Affectiontowardfriendsbecomeslessandlessfrequentaswegrowolder,sothatevenasimplestatementsuchas“Ilikeyou”isseldomheardbetweenadults.

Areviewofresearchonemotionalexpressionsupportstheculturalstereotypeofthenon-emotionalmaleandthemoreemotionalfemale.Asagroup,womenaremorelikelythanmentoexpresstheiremotions.Theyarebetteratdistinguishingbetweenrelatedfeelingssuchaslikingandloving,andtheyaremorelikelytohavemoreaffectionaterelationshipsthanmen.Ofcourse,thesegenderdifferencesarestatisticalaverage,andtherearemanymenandwomenwhodonotfallintothesetypes.

1.Whatisthemainidesofthispassage?

2.Peopleavoidexpressingtheirfeelingsdirectlybecause（）

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdopeopletendtoexpress?

4.That“Womenarebetterthanmeninexpressingfeelings”is（）

5.Accordingtothepassage,itissurprisingthat（）

问题1选项

A.Bothadultsandchildrenseldomexposetheirfeelingsandopinions.

B.Societyistherealcauseofpeople’slessexpressionoftheiraffection.

C.Peopleliketotalkfreelybehindathirdperson.

D.Womenaremoreopenthanmeninexpressingtheirfeelings.

问题2选项

A.theyhavenotimeoveratwo-or-three-dayperiod

B.theyfeeltimidtodoso

C.theypreferfactstofeelings

D.theyfeeluneasywhentheydisclosetheirinnerworld

问题3选项

A.Yourhairstyleisgood,butthecolordoesnotsuityourskin.

B.Howshouldhehavelefttheroominsuchamess!

C.I’msorrytosayIcan’tloveyouanymore.

D.Itissillyofyoutohavegivenupthischance.

问题4选项

A.acompleteculturalstereotype

B.provenbyresearch

C.thetraditionalprejudice

D.thekeytosocialproblems

问题5选项

A.womenaremoreexpressivethanmen

B.husbandsandwivestendtopleaseeachother

C.peoplearesociallydiscouragedfromexpressingtheirpositivefeelings

D.peoplefeelcomfortabletodisclosetheirnegativefeelings

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。第一段的第一句为本文的中心句。主要讲社会中不成文的交流规则阻碍了人们情感的表达。选项B符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段的最后一句“Peoplearegenerallycomfortablemakingstatementsoffactandoftendelightinexpressingtheiropinions,buttheyrarelydisclosehowtheyfeel.”人们通常会很自在的陈述事实和表达自己的观点，但他们很少表露自己的感受。选项D只是换了一种方式阐述这句话，所以选项D正确。

3.判断推理题。根据上一题可知人们通常会很自在的陈述事实和表达自己的观点，但他们很少表露自己的感受。选项A就是陈述客观事实，但没有涉及到说话人自己的感受，所以正确。

4.语义题。根据最后一段的第一句“Areviewofresearchonemotionalexpressionsupportstheculturalstereotypeofthenon-emotionalmaleandthemoreemotionalfemale.”可知选项B正确。

5.判断推理题。根据第三段的第一句“Surprisingly,socialrulesevendiscouragetoomuchexpressionofpositivefeelings.”令人惊讶的是，社会规则甚至阻碍了积极情绪的太多表达。选项C符合原文。

20.单选题

The（）oftheapartmenttohisofficewasanadvantageonrainydays.

问题1选项

A.vicinity

B.neighborhood

C.surroundings

D.confines

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:vicinity“附近，邻近；附近地区”；B:neighborhood“地区；某地区的人”；C:surroundings“（周围的）环境［事物］；环境”；D:confines“境界；限度；范围”。句意：这公寓离他的办公室很近，在雨天时是一大优势。根据语境可知A为正确答案。

21.单选题

Americawillneveragainhaveasanationthespiritofadventureasit（

）beforetheWestwassettled.

问题1选项

A.could

B.did

C.would

D.was

【答案】B

【解析】考查语法结构。根据句意可知空白处是指代前面的动词have，并且是过去时态，所以选项B符合题意。

22.单选题

Most