考研考博-英语-中国计量大学考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中国计量大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Althoughthetwoplayersare（

）inthetenniscourt,theyarereallygoodfriends.

问题1选项

A.partners

B.rivals

C.enemies

D.companions

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】名词辨析题。A选项partner“同伴、合伙人”；B选项rival“对手、竞争者”；C选项enemy“敌人”；D选项companion“同伴、伙伴”，空格所在的句子为让步状语从句，句子意思为“尽管两位选手在网球场上是对手”，可知空格部分单词意思为“对手”，和主句中的“goodfriends好朋友”是正反义词关系，句意为：尽管两位选手在网球场上是对手，但是她们是很好的朋友。故正确答案选B。

2.单选题

Thebasiccausesareunknown,althoughcertainconditionsthatmayleadtocancerhavebeen（

）.

问题1选项

A.identified

B.guaranteed

C.notified

D.conveyed

【答案】A

【解析】identify确定，鉴定，识别；guarantee保证，担保；notify通告，通知，公布；convey传达，运输。句意：尽管可能导致癌症的某些条件已经确定，但基本原因还是未知数。选项A符合句意。

3.单选题

Storesandsupermarketshavebeen（）witheachothertoattractcustomers.

问题1选项

A.striving

B.vying

C.conquering

D.sprouting

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。striving“奋斗，力争”；vying“使针锋相对”；conquering“战胜，征服”；sprouting“使发芽；使萌芽”。句意：商店和超市针锋相对，都想要吸引顾客。选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

Theheadlightsoftheapproachingcarwereso（）thatthecyclisthadtostopriding.

问题1选项

A.gleaning

B.staring

C.gleaming

D.dazzling

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析题。gleaning"拾遗";staring"目不转睛的,凝视的";gleaming"闪烁的,闪闪发光的";dazzling"耀眼的,光彩夺目的"。句意：那辆驶来的汽车的前灯太耀眼，以致于骑自行车的人不得不停下来。选项D符合句意。

5.单选题

Duringtheirfirstteachertrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe___oflessons.

问题1选项

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.observation观察；监视B.investigation调查；调查研究

C.inspection视察；检查D.examination考试；检查

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意，教师实习的学生经常去学校参加培训，培训的内容是forthe____oflessons，由此可以推断出进行教师实习的学生是去本地的学校观察上课。observation指一段时间内仔细观察某人/某事物的行为，尤指为了学习某事物。因此A.observation“观察”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项investigation指对某一情况、犯罪等事实的官方审查，或者是对某一主题或问题的事实进行的科学或学术检查，而本句重点在于去观察当地学校的课程，不属于犯罪等事实，也不属于科学或学术检查；

C选项inspection指对学校、工厂等的正式访问，以检查规章是否被遵守，标准是否可接受，教师实习的学生并不是正式访问，排除；

D选项examination指仔细检查（某事物/某人），尤指检查是否有问题或找出问题的原因，不符合句子语境。

【句意】在他们的第一个教师培训年，学生们经常去当地学校观察课程。

6.单选题

Scientistsbelievethataconclusionwhichisdrawnreadilybeforealloftherelevantdataarecollected,analyzedandcontemplatediscalled（）.

问题1选项

A.insincere

B.premature

C.premise

D.presumption

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。insincereadj.不诚恳的；premature不成熟的；premise前提，假定；presumption推测，放肆。句意：科学家认为在所有相关数据被收集、分析和计划之前就容易得出来的结论称之为（）。由句子内容可知这种结论是一种推测。故D项正确。

7.单选题

Theleadersofthemythopoeticmen'smovementbelievethatmodernizationhasledtothefeminizationofmen.Mythopoetsbelievethattheriseoftheurbanindustrialsociety"trappedmenintostraitjacketsofrationality,thusbluntingthepowerfulemotionalcommunionandcollectivespiritualtranscendencethattheybelievemenintribalsocietiestypicallyenjoyed".Mostimportantly,themovementseekstorestorethe"deepmasculine"tomenwhohavelostitintheirmoremodernlifestyles.Othercausesforthelossofthe"deepmasculine"include:Mennolongerbeingcomradeswhocelebratedtheirmasculinitytogether.Rather,theyhadbecomecompetitorswithintheirworkplaces;Menspendingmoretimeintheirhouseswithwomenthantheydidwithmen(innon-competitivetermsoutsideofwork).Excessiveinteractionwithwomengenerallykeptmenfromrealizingtheirinternalmasculinity;Feminismisbringingattentiontothe“femininevoice.”Throughthis,themythopoeticmenfeltthattheirvoiceshadbeenmuted(thoughBlyandothersarecarefulinnotblamingfeminismforthis);Theseparationofmenfromtheirfatherskeptthemfrombeingtrulyinitiatedintomanhood,andwasasourceofemotionaldamage.Menweresufferingfurtheremotionaldamageduetofeministaccusationsaboutsexism.Menshouldcelebratetheirdifferencesfromwomen,ratherthanfeelingguiltyaboutthem.Menisbeingdiscouragedfromexpressingtheiremotions.Maleinexpressivityisanepidemicanddoesnotcorrespondtotheir"deepmasculine"natures.Groupsofprimarilywhite,middle-aged,heterosexualmenfromtheprofessionalclassretreatedfromtheirfemalelovedonesinordertojoininspiritualritualsthatemphasizedhomosociality,withthecentralgoalofreclaimingthepartsoftheirmasculinitythattheyhadlostcalledthe"deepmasculine."Becausemostmennolongerperformmasculinerituals,mythopoetsassertthatmenhavemutatedintodestructive,hypermasculinechauvinists,or,intheoppositedirection,havebecometoofeminized.Themythopoeticmenperformedritualsatthesegatherings,whichweremeanttoimitatethoseperformedbytribalsocietieswhenmeninitiatedboysintoadeeplyessentialnaturalmanhood.Themovementemphasizedtheimportanceofincludingmultiplegenerationsofmenintherituals,sothatthemencouldlearnaboutmasculinityfromthosewhowereolderandwiser.Characteristicoftheearlymythopoeticmovementwasatendencytoretellmyths,legendsandfolktales,andengageintheirexegesisasatoolforpersonalinsight.UsingfrequentreferencestoarchetypesasdrawnfromJungiananalyticalpsychology,themovementfocusedonissuesofgenderrole,genderidentityandwellnessforthemodernman(andwoman).Advocateswouldoftenengageinstorytellingwithmusic,theseactsbeingseenasamodernextensiontoaformof"newageshamanism"popularizedbyMichaelHarneratapproximatelythesametime.Themovementsoughttoempowermenbymeansofequatingarchetypalcharacterswiththeirownemotionsandabilities.Forinstance,MichaelMessnerdescribestheconceptof"Zeusenergy"asemphasizing"maleauthorityacceptedforthegoodofthecommunity".Beliefsabouttheemotionalsystembasedinarchetypesofgreatmen,mythopoetssoughttochannelthesecharactersinthemselves,sothattheycouldunleashtheir"animal-males".ThisgroupprimarilyanalyzedthearchetypesofKing,Warrior,Magician,LoverandWildman.

Asaself-helpmovementthemythopoeticmovementtendsnottotakeexplicitstancesonpoliticalissuessuchasfeminism,gayrightsorfamilylaw(suchastheissuesofdivorce,domesticviolenceorchildcustody),preferringinsteadtostayfocusedonemotionalandpsychologicalwell-being.Becauseofthisneutrality,themovementbecameasiteofsocialcriticismbyfeminists,andwasoftencharacterizedasanti-intellectualaswellasapolitical.MichaelMessneroncegaveaspeechatagathering,inwhichheaddressedthedangersofcelebratingthewarrior,asinstancesofrapearehigherincountriesthatglorifywar.Themythopoetsrespondedthattheywerenotinterestedinintellectualorpoliticalpursuits,butwereprimarilyconcernedwithconductingspiritualandemotionalwork.Additionalfeministcritiquerevolvedaroundthemovement'sabsenceofwomen'sperspectives,aswellastheessentialisminthemovement'steachings.

1.Themythopoeticmen'smovementcanbestbeunderstoodas（

）.

2.Themythopoeticmen'smovementconsistsofgroupsofmenwhoretreatedfromtheirfemalelovedonesinordertostrivefor

（

）.

3.Theideathatmodernizationhasledtothefeminizationofmenmeansthat

（

）.

4.Therootissueis

（

）.

5.Accordingtothetext,thecausesforrapemustbesoughtin（

）.

问题1选项

A.amen'sliterarymovement

B.amen'sliberationmovement

C.amen'srightsmovement

D.asecond-wavefeministmovement

问题2选项

A.gayrights

B.same-sexmarriage

C.masculinity

D.myths,legendsandfolktales

问题3选项

A.mencannotbethemselves

B.mencannolongermakefriends

C.men’svoicehavechanged

D.mencannotexpressthemselves

问题4选项

A.feminism

B.masculinity

C.sex

D.gender

问题5选项

A.thecelebrationofthearchetypeofthewarrior

B.theunleashingofmen's“animal-males”

C.domesticviolence

D.thelossofmasculinerituals

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.判断推理题。题干问的是：男权的神话运动可以被看作是?第一段指出：themovementseekstorestorethe“deepmasculine”tomenwhohavelostitintheirmoremodernlifestyles（这一运动旨在恢复那些在现代生活方式中丧失了“真男儿气概”的男人），以及Feminismisbringingattentiontothe“femininevoice.”Throughthis,themythopoeticmenfeltthattheirvoiceshadbeenmuted(thoughBlyandothersarecarefulinnotblamingfeminismforthis)（女权主义引起了人们对“女性声音”的关注，也因为此，男权的神话运动中的男人感到他们的声音被压制了（尽管布莱和其他人都很小心地不把这归咎于女权主义），以及Themovementsoughttoempowermenbymeansofequatingarchetypalcharacterswiththeirownemotionsandabilities（该运动试图通过将原型人物与他们自己的情感和能力匹配起来以赋予男性力量）。由此可以看出男权的神话运动呼吁男子气概，男性力量和男性权利。故选C项“男子权利运动”。

第2题:2.根据题干定位至第一段：Groupsofprimarilywhite,middle-aged,heterosexualmenfromtheprofessionalclassretreatedfromtheirfemalelovedonesinordertojoininspiritualritualsthatemphasizedhomosociality,withthecentralgoalofreclaimingthepartsoftheirmasculinitythattheyhadlostcalledthe“deepmasculine.”（活动组成员主要是白人、中年男性和异性恋男性，他们暂离了爱人，为了参加强调同性交际，目标是恢复他们失去的，被叫作“真男儿气概”的男子气概的活动仪式。），因此C项“男子气概”正确。

第3题:3.语义题。题干所在句的后面句子指出：Feminismisbringingattentiontothe“femininevoice.”Throughthis,themythopoeticmenfeltthattheirvoiceshadbeenmuted(thoughBlyandothersarecarefulinnotblamingfeminismforthis)（女权主义引起了人们对“女性声音”的关注，也因为此，男权的神话运动中的男人感到他们的声音被压制了（尽管布莱和其他人都很小心地不把这归咎于女权主义）。而且文章说男权的神话运动目的是恢复男子气概，倡导“男权”。因此男权的神话运动倡导者说：“现代化导致了男人的女性化”意思是“男性没有发言权了”，因此D项正确。

第4题:4.判断推理题。文章多次提到女权主义对男性女性化的影响。由此推断最根本的问题在于女权主义。故选A。

第5题:5.根据题干关键词定位至第二段：MichaelMessneroncegaveaspeechatagathering,inwhichheaddressedthedangersofcelebratingthewarrior,asinstancesofrapearehigherincountriesthatglorifywar（迈克尔梅斯纳曾在一次集会上发表演讲，他在会上谈到了为战士庆祝的危险，因为在那些宣扬战争的国家，强奸的发生频率更高）。由此可见强奸的发生归因于为战争英雄庆祝。故选A。

8.单选题

Don’t______thisnewstothepublicuntilwegiveyouthego-ahead.

问题1选项

A.release

B.relieve

C.relate

D.inform

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项release“释放，发布”，B项relieve“解除，减轻”，C项relate“叙述，涉及”，D项inform“通知，告诉”。根据关键词news“新闻”和untilwegiveyouthego-ahead“直到我们同意”可知，与news搭配的词应该为“公布，发布”。句意：在我们同意之前，不要把这个计划公之于众。因此，该题选择A项正确。

9.单选题

Thejoysoftravel,havinglong（）thedisabled,areopeninguptovirtuallyanyonewhohasthemeans.

问题1选项

A.omitted

B.missed

C.neglected

D.discarded

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项omitted“遗漏，省略”；B选项missed“错过，投偏”；C选项neglected“忽视，疏忽”；D选项discarded“丢弃”。句意：长期以来被忽视的残疾人旅行的乐趣正在向任何有办法的人开放。这里表示的是“之前残疾人士的旅行乐趣被忽视了”，因此C选项符合题意。

10.单选题

NewYear’sdetoxproductsthatpurporttoridthebodyofharmfulchemicalsaccumulatedthroughseasonalover-indulgenceareawasteoftimeandmoney,leadingscientistssaidrecently.

Mostofthepills,juices,teasandoilsthataresoldfortheirdetoxifyingeffectsonthebodyhavenoscientificfoundationfortheirclaims,accordingtotoxicologistsanddieticians.

Theywillnotinfluencetherateatwhichthebodyridsitselfoftoxins,andanybeneficialeffectswouldbematchedatmuchlowercostbydrinkingplentyoftapwater,eatingfruitandvegetablesandgettingafewearlynights.

Theentiremarketfordetoxproducts,whichisworthtensofmillionsofpoundsayear,restsonmythsaboutthehumanbodythatarehittingconsumersinthewallet,theexperts’reporthasfound.

“Amongthesemythsistheideathatinsomewaythebodyaccumulatesnoxiouschemicalsduringeverydaylife,andthattheyneedtobeexpungedbysomemysteriousprocessofdetoxification,oftenonceayearafterChristmasexcess.Thedetoxfad--orfads,astherearemanymethods--isanexampleofthecapacityofpeopletobelievein(andpayfor)magicdespitethelackofanysoundevidence.”saidMartinWiseman,VisitingProfessorofHumanNutritionattheUniversityofSouthampton.

Thecriticismofthedetoxindustryhasemergedfromaninquiryintopublicperceptionsofchemicalsandtoxicitybyaworkingpartyof11scientists.Thefullreport,MakingSenseofChemicalStories,willbepublishedlaterthismonthbythecharitySenseAboutScience.

Itfoundthatpopularideasaboutdetoxarebasedonmisconceptionsabouthowthehumanbodyrespondstochemicalsinthediet.Theliverandkidneysarehighlyefficientorgansthathaveevolvedtobreakdownandremovetoxinsfromthebloodstream,andtheirfunctionisnothelpedbyproductssuchasGillianMcKeith’s£19.99“24hourdetoxprogramme,”whichclaimsto“assistthenaturaldetoxificationprocessinyourbody.”

“Ourbodiesareverygoodateliminatingallthenastiesthatwemightdigestoverthefestiveseason,”saidJohnEmsley,oftheRoyalSocietyofChemistry.

SirColinBerry,ProfessorEmeritusofPathologyatQueenMary,UniversityofLondon,said:“Evenifyoudrinkanalmostlethaldoseofalcohol(whichIdon’trecommend)yourliverwillclearitin36hourswithoutassistancefromdetoxtablets.”

1.Itcanbeinferredthatpeopleusually（）.

2.Accordingtoscientists,whathelpsridthebodyoftoxinsincludes（）.

3.Theboldfacedword“expunged”(inPara.5)canbestbereplacedby（）.

4.Expertsconsideritamyththat（）.

5.Thecriticismofthedetoxindustrystarted（）.

6.JohnEmsleyandColinBerrysharetheideathat（）.

问题1选项

A.takeharmfulchemicals

B.consumedetoxproducts

C.haveabalanceddiet

D.wastemoneyonfood

问题2选项

A.goingtobedearly

B.drinkingherbaltea

C.takingcertainpills

D.doingmuchexercise

问题3选项

A.tested

B.digested

C.eliminated

D.accumulated

问题4选项

A.detoxproductshavemarvelouseffects

B.noxiouschemicalsgatherinthebody

C.peoplegenerallyovereatatChristmas

D.people’scapacitytobelieveisunlimited

问题5选项

A.ataconferenceheldattheUniversityofSouthhamton

B.fromareportentitled“MakingSenseofChemicalStories”

C.byacharityorganizationcalledSenseAboutScience

D.withastudyonpublicunderstandingofchemicals

问题6选项

A.toxinscanstayinthebodyaslongas36hours

B.drinkingexcessivealcoholleadstodeath

C.detoxtabletsfacilitatethenaturaldetoxification

D.thehumanbodyhasapowerfuldetoxsystem

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

第6题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。文章第一段提到一些权威科学家表示，新年排毒产品声称可以清楚体内因季节性过度放纵而积累起来的有害化学物质，但实际上是在浪费时间和金钱（awasteoftimeandmoney），由此可以推断出人们经常会购买这些排毒产品，因此选项B符合题意。

2.细节事实题。文章第三段提到多喝水、多吃水果以及早睡的排毒效果都可以与排毒产品相当，并且成本更低（atmuchlowercostbydrinkingplentyoftapwater,eatingfruitandvegetablesandgettingafewearlynights），因此选项A符合题意。

3.词义题。文章第五段提到在这些谬论中，有一种观点认为，人体在日常生活中以某种方式积累有害化学物质(Amongthesemythsistheideathatinsomewaythebodyaccumulatesnoxiouschemicalsduringeverydaylife)，这些有害物质需要通过一些神秘的排毒过程来被expunge，根据上下文可知排毒产品是用来清除有毒物质，因此可以推断出expunge这个词的意思是”清除”，因此选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。文章第五段提到在这些谬论中，有一种观点认为，人体在日常生活中以某种方式积累有害化学物质，这些有害物质需要通过某种神秘的解毒过程排出体外（Amongthesemythsistheideathatinsomewaythebodyaccumulatesnoxiouschemicalsduringeverydaylife,andthattheyneedtobeexpungedbysomemysteriousprocessofdetoxification,oftenonceayearafterChristmasexcess），通过上下文可知这个神秘的过程就是服用排毒产品，由此可推断出很多人认为排毒产品拥有神奇的效果，但是在专家看来这些都是无稽之谈，因此选项A符合题意。

5.细节事实题。文章第六段提到了对排毒产品行业的批判，是开始于11位科学家对公众对化学物质和毒素的认知调查（Thecriticismofthedetoxindustryhasemergedfromaninquiryintopublicperceptionsofchemicalsandtoxicitybyaworkingpartyof11scientists），因此选项D符合题意。

6.判断推理题。文章倒数第二段提到JohnEmsley的观点：我们的身体能够消除节假日期间摄取到脏物（Ourbodiesareverygoodateliminatingallthenastiesthatwemightdigestoverthefestiveseason）；文章最后一段提到ColinBerry的观点：即使你喝了几乎致命剂量的酒，在没有排毒产品的帮助下，你的肝脏会在36小时内清除它（Evenifyoudrinkanalmostlethaldoseofalcohol(whichIdon’trecommend)yourliverwillclearitin36hourswithoutassistancefromdetoxtablets）。由此可知这两位都认为人体本身能够排毒，选项D符合题意。

11.单选题

An“obviousandstrikingfeatureofthelatetwentiethcenturyworld,”notesSallyPriceinherbookPrimitiveArtinCivilizedPlaces,istheaccessibilityofitsdiverseculturestothosewhoenjoymembershipinWesternsociety.”Westernerscantravelwithrelativeeasetoeventheremotestcomersofhumancivilizationorstayathomeandwatchexoticimagesofworlddiversityonthetelevisionandmoviescreen.Theworldmarketsystemassuresthosewhohavethefinancialresourcesthattheycanbuyjustaboutanythingfromanywhere.Heidegger,alsothinkingonthisphenomenon,says,“Yetthefranticabolitionofalldistancesbringsnonearness;fornearnessdoesnotconsistinshortnessofdistance.Whatisleastremotefromusinpointofdistance,byvirtueofitspictureonfilmoritssoundontheradio,canremainfarfromus.Whatisincalculablyfarfromusinpointofdistancecanbeneartous.”Westerntechnologyandthemarketeconomyareshrinkingtheworld,bringingtheWestclosertootherpeoples,andotherpreviouslyaccessibleregionsoftheearth.YetthisdramaticglobalchangehasnotopenedtheWesttodifference,eitherthenonhumandifferencesoftheearthortheculturaldifferencesofnonwesternpeoples.Onthecontrary,theexpansionoftheWestandtheresultant“smallworld”isstill,asincolonialdays,primarilyamovementofdomination.Itdependsontheexploitationofthelandandorganiclife,andtheexploitationofthelaborandlivesofthemajorityoftheearth’speoples.Becausetheoppressionsoftheearth,ofwomen,andofthosewhodonotbelongto“theabstractdominantnon-group”calledwhitesareintimatelyrelatedandreinforceoneanother,caringforwomenandfortheearthcannotbeseparatedfromcaringfordiversehumancommunities.

Westerneconomicdevelopment,VandanaShivaexplains,issupposedtobeamodelofprogressfortheso-calledThirdWorldthatwouldimproveproductivityandgrowth.However,westerndevelopment,ascapitalaccumulationandcommercializationoftheeconomyforthegenerationofsurplusandvariousandasnaturalresourceutilization,emergedinthecontextofcolonization,industrialization,andcapitalistgrowth.Thisnotionofeconomicdevelopmenthasbeenfalselyuniversalizedandapplied,withdisastrousresults,totheentirelydifferentcontexttoattemptingtosatisfybasicneedsofnewlyindependentworldpeoples.Westernso-calleddevelopmentinThirdWorldcountrieshasgeneratedprofitofvariousmultinationalcorporations,createdinternalcolonialism,underminedsustainablelifestyles,destroyedlocalecologiesandhas,asaresult,createdtruematerialproperty.

Fromawesternperspective,ifapeopledonotanticipateinthemarketeconomyanddonotconsumewestern-stylecommoditiesproducedforanddistributedthroughthemarket,theyareregardedaslivinginpoverty.Because,moreover,fromawesternperspective,productionanddevelopmenttakeplaceonlywhenmediatedbytechnologiesforcommodityproductionandprofit,suchpeoplesareconsideredunderdevelopedandunproductive.However,formostindigenouspeoples,forexample,maintaininganecologicallybalancedconnectiontotheirlandismuchmoreessentialtotheirbeingandculturethantheland’smonetaryvalueanditssocallednaturalresources.

1.What’sHeidegger’scommenton“nearness”inpassage1?

2.Theattitudeofwesternerstoculturaloruncultureddifferenceinotherpeoplesisthatof.

3.WhatisVandanaShiva’sviewaboutwesterneconomicdevelopment?

4.Theunderlinedword“indigenous”inthelastparagraphmeans（）.

问题1选项

A.Itisdistance-oriented.

B.Itisvisualoratleastauditory.

C.Itisaphenomenonofglobalization.

D.Itisnotageographicalconcept.

问题2选项

A.rejection

B.open-mindedness

C.detest

D.appreciation

问题3选项

A.Itshouldbeamodelofprogressforallthedevelopedcountries.

B.It.wouldbebalancingprofitandproductioninanecologicalway.

C.ItmaynotbeadaptabletotheThirdWorldcountries.

D.Itcouldbeadisasterforpeopleinthemarketeconomy.

问题4选项

A.intelligent

B.local

C.diligent

D.bewildered

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段Heidegger的描述:疯狂地消除一切距离并不能带来接近;因为接近并不等于距离近。就距离而言,最不遥远的东西,凭借它在胶片上的影像或在收音机里的声音,可以离我们很远;距离我们远得无法计算的东西,可能就在我们身边。也就是说,接近它不是一个地理概念,无法用距离衡量。所以选项D符合原文。

2.根据第一段“YetthisdramaticglobalchangehasnotopenedtheWesttodifference,eitherthenonhumandifferencesoftheearthortheculturaldifferencesofnonwesternpeoples.”这一激动人心的全球变化并没有让西方世界接受这一差异,无论是地球上的非人类差异,还是非西方民族的文化差异。也就是说,西方人的态度是拒绝的。选项A正确。

3.根据第二段倒数第二句“Thisnotionofeconomicdevelopmenthasbeenfalselyuniversalizedandapplied,withdisastrousresults,totheentirelydifferentcontexttoattemptingtosatisfybasicneedsofnewlyindependentworldpeoples.”这种经济发展的概念被错误地普及和运用到完全不同的环境中,试图满足独立世界人民的基本需要,以致于造成了灾难性的后果。选项D符合原文。

4.根据上文连续提及两次“fromawesternperspective”以及转折词“However”可知,前面均是西方人的看法,再根据上下文内容可推测“indigenouspeoples”指的是当地的人,土著人。选项B正确。

12.单选题

Sometimespatientssufferingfromseverepaincanbehelpedby"drugs”thataren'treallydrugsatall（

）sugarpillsthatcontainnoactivechemicalelements.

问题1选项

A.butrather

B.orratherthan

C.orrather

D.butratherthan

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。no...butrather...“不是……而是”固定搭配。句意：有时候能帮助缓解病人剧痛的不是真正意义上的药物，而是不含任何化学成分的糖衣片。答案A

13.单选题

Hisargumentdoesnotsuggestthatmankindcan（）tobewastefulintheutilizationoftheseresources.

问题1选项

A.resort

B.grant

C.afford

D.entitle

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他的论据未标明，人类在这些资源的使用上能浪费得起。

考查动词辨析。resort常去，求助，诉诸，resortto依靠，求助于；;grant授予，允许，承认，grantto同意给予，准予；afford给予，提供，承担得起;affordto（有条件）做，承担得起，负担得起；entitle给……称号，使……有权利。因此C符合句意。

14.单选题

Hetoldastoryabouthissisterwhowasinasad（）whenshewasillandhadnomoney.

问题1选项

A.plight

B.polarization

C.plague

D.pigment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项plight“困境，境况”；B选项polarization“极化，偏振”；C选项plague“瘟疫，鼠疫”；D选项pigment“色素，颜料”。句意：他讲了一个关于他妹妹的故事，她生病了，没有钱，（）非常悲惨。本句意为“妹妹的处境非常悲惨”，因此A选项符合题意。

15.单选题

Businessandgovernmentmanagersoftenpromote“cleandesk”politiestoavoiddisorganizedofficesandmessydesks，______boostingworkefficiencyandproductivity.

问题1选项

A.forthepurposeof

B.forgoodof

C.forpurposeof

D.forthefunof

【答案】A

【解析】考查介词词组辨析。forthepurposeof“为了……目的”；B和C选项形式不正确；forthefunof“为了享受”。句意：企业和政府管理者经常推行“整洁的办公室”政策，以避免混乱的办公室和凌乱的桌子，……提高工作效率和生产力。因此选项A符合题意。

16.单选题

Ifyoucannotattendthemeeting,pleasefindsomeoneto____foryou.

问题1选项

A.replace

B.substitute

C.displace

D.misplace

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.replace取代B.substitute代替

C.displace取代；替代D.misplace随意搁置；乱放

【答案】B

【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】substitutefor意为“代替；取代”。由句意“如果你不能参加会议，请找人……你。”可知该搭配符合句意，意为“如果你不能参加会议，请找人代替你。”因此选A。

【干扰项排除】

A选项replace“取代”，replacefor意为“将……取代成……”，不符合语境；

C选项displace“取代；替代”，不与for搭配；

D选项misplace“随意搁置；乱放”不符合语境。

【句意】如果你不能参加会议，请找人代替你。

17.单选题

Thelittlegirlcouldnot（）hercuriositytoseewhatwasinthebox.

问题1选项

A.abstain

B.refrain

C.restrain

D.prevent

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项abstain“弃权；避免”；B选项refrain“节制；避免；制止”；C选项restrain“抑制；约束；制止”；D选项prevent“预防；阻止”。句意：小女孩……不住她的好奇心，想看看盒子里有什么。与“好奇心”搭配时选用C选项“抑制”更合适。

18.单选题

Consequently,thisyoungwomanwouldhave（）curiositybecauseshewaswelldressedandthoughnolongeragirl,shewasnotwearingblack.

问题1选项

A.risen

B.aroused

C.caused

D.woken

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项risen“上升；提高”，B选项aroused“唤起”，C选项caused“引起；使遭受”，D选项woken“醒来；唤醒”，“引发了某人的好奇心”是：ariseone’scuriosity，因此B选项符合题意。句意为：因此，这个年轻的女人一定会引起人们的好奇心，因为她穿着得体，虽然不再是女孩，但也没有穿黑衣服。

19.单选题

ThenewdesignsoftheChristmasstampsarealwayswaitedforwithkeen

.

问题1选项

A.irritation

B.prediction

C.reception

D.anticipation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。irritation“刺激，激怒”；prediction“预报，预言”；reception“接待，接收”；anticipation“预料，预期”。句意：人们总是热切地期待着新设计的圣诞邮票。选项D符合题意。

20.单选题

Despitehisdisappointingrecordthisyear,I（）feelheisthebestmaninourteam.

问题1选项

A.however

B.therefore

C.nonetheless

D.otherwise

【答案】C

【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

考查副词词义辨析。A选项however表示“然而，可是”，表转折，后面必须用逗号隔开；B选项therefore表示“所以，因此”；C选项nonetheless表示“尽管如此，但是”；D选项otherwise表示“否则”。由Despite“尽管”可知，空缺处应表转折关系，因此只有C符合句意。A项however虽然也表示转折，但后面必须用逗号隔开；【句意】虽然他今年的成绩差强人意，但我仍然觉得他是我们队最好的球员。

21.单选题

Wehadn’tenoughmoneytopayourbusfare,andin（）wehadtowalk.

问题1选项

A.particular

B.consequence

C.possession

D.succession

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析题。particular特别的，特色；consequence结果，因此；possession拥有，所有；succession

接连，避承权。句意：我们没有足够的钱卖车票，所以只能步行。选项B符合句意。

22.单选题

Thereisnothingsecretaboutwhatwe’redoing;it’sallperfectly（

）.

问题1选项

A.outofsight

B.ontheair

C.onthehorizon

D.aboveboard

【答案】D

【解析】考察固定搭配。“outofsight”看不见；“ontheair”在播送；“onthehorizon”在地平线上，即将来临的；“aboveboard”诚实的，光明正大的。句意：我们所做的事没有任何秘密，完全都是光明正大的。选项D符合句意。

23.单选题

Ifsomethingverysubstantialisnotdonenextmonth,hecannot（）hisoffice.

问题1选项

A.obtain

B.secure

C.have

D.retain

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。obtain“获得”；secure“保护”；have“拥有”；retain“保留”。句意：如果下个月没有做一些实质性的工作，他将保不住他的职位。选项D符合题意。

24.单选题

Althoughmanyexpertsagreethatmorechildrenareoverweight,thereisdebateoverthebestwaysto（）theproblem.

问题1选项

A.relate

B.tackle

C.file

D.attach

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项relate“关联”；B选项tackle“处理”；C选项file“提出”；D选项attach“附加”。句意：尽管许多专家一致认为有更多的儿童超重，但是对于解决这个问题的最佳方法还存在争议。本句表示解决儿童超重问题的方法，因此B选项正确。

25.单选题

Nooneknowswhowasthefirsttoinventthediceasweknowthem.Whatisremarkableisthattheyhaveremainedvirtuallyintactacrossnationalboundariesandallthroughtheage——smallcubesmarkedbydotsfrom1to6,soplacedthatthesumofthedotsonoppositesidesequals7.DicemuchlikethoseusedtodaywerefoundinChinainunearthedculturalrelicsdatingfrom600BCandinancientEgyptiantombsdatingfrom2000BC,aswellasintheruinsofBabylon.TheplayingofdicewaspopularinGreeceandevenmoresoinRome,anddicewereusedthroughouttheMiddleAges.Inthesimplestplaywithdiceeachplayerthrows,orshoots,forthehighestsum.InChinaandintheUnitedStatesthemostpopulardicegameisplayedwithtwodice.

Thenumberofrandomnumbersthatcanbeexpressedbytwodiceisverylimited;thenumberare:2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10.11and12,allelevenofthem.Themostprobablethrowis7.Theprobabilityof7issixtimesthatof12.Thereforeitwouldbeidealifanewkindofdicecouldbeinventedwithanequaldistributionofchancesforeachnumber.Well,suchdicehavealreadybeeninventedbyaBritishamateurastronomerbythenameAires.Thenewversion.

whichtheinventorcalls“heartbreakdice”，alsoconsistsoftwodice.Butthenumberofrandomnumbersthatcanbeexpressedbythenewdiceismorethanthreetimesthatofthetraditionalones,andthechancesforeachnumberarestrictlyequal.

1.Accordingtopassageone,theChinesehadplayeddice（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutdiceinChinaistrue?

3.Inregardtothenewkindofdice,wecantellthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.morethan2500yearsbefore.

B.3400yearsearlierthanEgyptianshaddoneso

C.intheMiddleAges

D.justalittleearlierthanChristwasborn

问题2选项

A.DiceinancientChinawerequitedifferentfromdicetoday

B.DiceinChinaareverydifferentfromtheonesusedinothercountries

C.InChina,peopleneverplaydicegameswithonlyonedice

D.TheaimofplayingdicegamesinChinaisthesameastheonesinothercountries——to