2023版高三一轮总复习英语北师大版（皖）第1部分选择性必修第2册UNIT 4HUMOUR

18/18课标单词背诵(先填后背)第一组1．comedyn．喜剧；喜剧片2．pretendvi.&vt.假装，装作3．humorousadj.幽默的，诙谐的4．plotn．(书、电影、戏剧的)情节5．accentn．口音6．interactvi.交流；交往；相互作用7．anxietyn．焦虑，不安，担心8．well­beingn．舒适；健康；幸福9．significantadj.重要的，重大的10．enhancevt.增强；改进；提高11．dizzyadj.头晕目眩的12．unbalancedadj.不平衡的13．swingn．挥动，挥舞；秋千vi.&vt.(使)摆动；(使)转动；朝14．embarrassedadj.难堪的，尴尬的15．consumevt.消耗；吃；消费16．saucern．杯托17．doorwayn．门口，出入口18．antiquen．古董adj.古时制造的19．innocentlyadv.装作若无其事地；无辜地20．appetiten．胃口，食欲21．astronomyn．天文学22．potentiallyadv.可能地，潜在地23．measurementn．测量，计量，衡量24．atmospheren．大气(层)；气氛，氛围，环境25．forecastvt.预测，预报26．middle­agedadj.中年的27．surgeryn．诊所；外科手术28．sneezevi.&n.打喷嚏29．screamvi.尖声大叫；n.尖叫声30．consultationn．就诊；咨询31．crisisn．危难时刻；危机32．examinevt.检查33．afterwardsadv.随后，后来34．circusn．马戏团35．deservevt.应得，应受到36．tensionn．紧张；焦虑；焦急37．musclen．肌肉38．psychologicaladj.心理的，精神的39．moodn．心情，情绪40．far­reachingadj.影响深远的41．energisevt.使充满活力；使增强决心42．immuneadj.有免疫力的第二组1．celln．细胞2．whispervi.&vt.悄声说，低语，耳语3．embarrassmentn．窘迫，尴尬4．accidentallyadv.偶然地，意外地5．expensen．费用，花费6．comediann．喜剧演员7．nationalityn．国籍8．reputationn．名誉，名望9．encountervt.遇到10．amusevt.使开心；逗笑11．relyvi.依赖12．purelyadv.完全地，纯粹地，仅仅13．episoden．一集14．steakn．牛排15．rawadj.生的16．chewvi.&vt.咀嚼17．vasen．花瓶18．pursen．女用手提包；女式钱包19．contemporaryadj.当代的20．screenwritern．影视剧本作家，编剧21．mostlyadv.主要地；大部分22．amusingadj.好笑的，有趣的23．creationn．创造物，作品24．contraryn．正相反，恰恰相反25．academicadj.学术的26．scholarshipn．奖学金27．attainvt.得到，获得28．obtainvt.获得，得到29．mirrorn．镜子30．producern．制作人，制片人31．rarelyadv.很少，难得32．geniusn．天才，天赋；天才人物33．convincedadj.确信的，信服的34．unfortunateadj.不幸的，倒霉的35．demandvt.要求36．looselyadv.不严谨地37．criticisevi.&vt.批评，指责38．logn．大木头，原木；(事件的)正式记录39．idiomn．成语40．politiciann．政治家41．bathn．浴室；vi.洗澡[单词拼写·运用]核心单词语境运用1．collapsevi.突然倒下2．potentialn.潜力，潜能adj.潜在的，可能的3．bleedvi.流血，出血4．whispervi.&vt.悄声说，低语，耳语5．universaladj.广泛适用的；共同的，普遍的用所给词的适当形式填空。1．It'smerelyaquestionoftimebeforethebusinesscollapses(collapse).2．Manyhouseholdproductsarepotentially(potential)harmful.3．Thetwinbrothersbled(bleed)fortheircountryanddiedwithoutanyregrets.4．Youcanhearthevoiceofthemaster,whispering(whisper)inyourear，“Don'tstop.Keepplaying.”5．Thedisadvantageisthatitisnotuniversally(universal)available.派生单词语境运用1．facen.脸，面容v.面对，朝向→facialadj.面部的；脸上的2．confusevt.使迷惑；(将……)混淆，混同→confusedadj.困惑的→confusionn．困惑3．faithn.忠诚；信任→faithfuladj.忠诚的→faithfullyadv.忠诚地4．sciencen．科学→scientistn．科学家→scientificadj.科学(上)的→scientificallyadv.合乎科学地；学问上5．announcevt.宣布，宣告→announcementn.宣布；通告；布告6．infectvt.传染；感染→infectionn.感染；传染7．astonishvt.使震惊；使惊讶→astonishedadj.吃惊的，惊讶的→astonishingadj.令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的→astonishmentn．震惊；惊讶8．talentn．天资，天赋，才能→talentedadj.有才能的；有天赋的用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Iwasconfusedabouthisconfusingquestion,andIlookedathiminconfusion.(confuse)2．Robertisagreatscientist,whoexplainedscientificallythemostimportantquestionsaboutspaceattheconference.(science)3．Theinfectionragedthroughthecity,soyoushouldbecarefulnottobeinfectedwiththedisease.(infect)4．Theastonishingstorythathetoldusmadeallofusastonished.(astonish)5．Sally'ssonmadefacesather,butherfacialexpressiondidn'tchange.(face)6.Theministermadeanannouncementatanewsconferenceyesterday,announcingtheresultoftheinvestigation.(announce)7.Shehaspromisedfaithfullynottotellanyonemysecret.Ibelieveherbecausesheismyfaithfulfriend.(faith)8.Susanisatalentedgirlandsheneedstofindanoutletforhermanytalents.(talent)1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Jazzseemslikeit'snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite... CA．食欲 B．胃口 C．欲望；爱好2．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest：theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces. AA．显著地 B．有某种意义 C.意味深长地[短语理解·运用]高频短语语境运用1．beusedto习惯于2．callin叫进来；到访3．fromtimetotime偶尔，有时4．handover交付，交给；让给5．add...to...把……加到……6．atsb.'sexpense嘲笑某人7．relyon依赖；信赖8．makeanattempttodosth.试图做某事9．busyoneselfindoingsth.使自己忙于做某事10．onthecontrary正相反，恰恰相反选用左面短语的适当形式填空。1．Shehastoworkatweekendsfromtimetotime．2．Hefinallyhandedoverhisresponsibilityforthecompanylastyear.3．Shewasusedtoreceivingadmiringglancesfrompeople.4．Youmayrelyonitthatheiscapableofcalculatingoftheeventsaccurately.5．Ibusiedmyselfincleaningtheroomwhenyoutelephonedmeyesterday.6.It'snotroubleatall;onthecontrary,itwillbeagreatpleasuretohelpyou.7.Theydecidedtocallinadoctor,becausethechildwasnobetter.[句式辨识·运用]教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1．bedoing...when...句型Afamousartcollectorwaswalkingthroughthecitywhenhenoticedadirtycatlappingmilkfromasaucerinthedoorwayofastore.我正在看电视，这时突然停电了。IwaswatchingTVwhentheelectricitywascutoff.2．so...that...句型Hebecomessodesperateintheendthatheevenhidessomeinsidethepurseofawomansittingnearhimandthrowssomedownthetrousersoftherestaurant'sviolinist！这道题如此的难以至于我们没有人做出来。Theproblemwassodifficultthatnoneofuscouldworkitout.3．while引导让步状语从句AndwhiletherearemanypopulardramaticactorsinBritain，thereissomethingextraspecialaboutBritishcomedyandcomediansforglobalaudiences.尽管我承认他的优点，但我还是能看到他的缺点。WhileIadmithisgoodpoints，Icanseehisshortcomings.1．pretend[课本义]vi.&vt.假装，装作[增补义]vt.&vi.(在游戏中)装扮，扮作；自称，自认为pretend(not)todosth.假装(没)做某事pretendtobedoingsth.假装正在做某事pretendtohavedonesth.假装已经做了某事pretendthat...假装……Hepretendedtohisfamilythateverythingwasfine.他对家人佯称一切都好。pretendtobedifferentanimalsdancingtothemusic扮成不同的动物，随着音乐起舞pretendtobeasleep假装睡着了pretendtohavefinishedthetask假装已经完成了任务[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Whenhermothercamein，shepretendedtohavefallen(fall)asleep.②ShepretendedbereadinganovelwhenIcameintotheroom.be前加to[链接写作]——一句多译他假装不认识我，这确实让我很伤心。①Hepretendedthathedidn'tknowme,whichreallymademeupset.(pretendthat...)②Hepretendednottoknowme,whichreallymademeupset.(pretendnotto...)2．significant[课本义]adj.重要的，重大的[增补义]adj.有某种意义的；意味深长的[高考原句·2020·浙江卷]Theselights，knownasadaptivesignals，haveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.significancen．重要，重要性；价值；意义beofgreatsignificance＝beverysignificant有重要意义的significantlyadv.显著地；有某种意义；意味深长地Theresultsoftheexperimentarenotstatisticallysignificant.从统计学的观点看，实验结果意义不明显。Allofuswantourlivestobesignificant.我们每个人都希望我们的人生是有意义的。makeahighlysignificantdiscovery有重大意义的发现showasignificantimprovement表明有显著改进[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Thenewdrughasgreatsignificance(significant)forthetreatmentofthedisease.②Shepausedsignificantbeforesheanswered. significant→significantly[链接写作]——句型转换Whathehasdonefortheschoolisverysignificant.→Whathehasdonefortheschoolisofgreatsignificance．3．embarrassedadj.难堪的，尴尬的(1)embarrassvt.使尴尬；使难堪(2)embarrassingadj.令人为难的；令人难堪的(3)embarrassmentn．窘迫，尴尬toone'sembarrassment令某人尴尬的是……Somewomenaretooembarrassedtoconsulttheirdoctorabouttheproblem.有些妇女太害羞，不愿就这个问题向医生咨询。lookembarrassed看起来很尴尬haveneverfeltsoembarrassedinone'slife一生中从未感到如此难堪过[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Muchtoherembarrassment(embarrass)sherealizedthateverybodyhadbeenlisteningtohersinging.②Itcanbeembarrassedforchildrentotellcompletestrangersaboutsuchincidents. embarrassed→embarrassing[链接写作]——完成句子她不好意思去向医生询问这个问题。Sheisembarrassedtoaskthedoctoraboutthequestion.4．deservevt.应得，应受到[高考原句·2019·江苏卷]Hismusicdeservedtobepreservedinthefamily.deserve＋v.­ing/tobedone...值得被……deserveconsideration/attention值得考虑/注意deservetodosth.应该/值得做某事Oneplayerinparticulardeservesamention.有一名运动员特别值得表扬。Youdeservearewardforbeingsohelpful.你帮了这么大的忙，理应受到奖励。deservearestafterallthathardwork辛苦劳累那么久该休息一下了deserveamention值得表扬[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Hefeltthathedidn'tdeservepraising(praise)forit.②Theydidn'tdeservetowinningthematch. winning→win[链接写作]——句型转换Thesuggestionputforwardbytheprofessoratthemeetingdeservesconsideration.→①Thesuggestionputforwardbytheprofessoratthemeetingdeservestobeconsidered．→②Thesuggestionputforwardbytheprofessoratthemeetingdeservesconsidering．5．expensen．费用，花费[高考原句·2020·新高考卷Ⅰ]Toooften，whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech，youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”(1)atone'sexpense嘲笑某人；由某人付费attheexpenseof...以……为代价；在牺牲……的情况下sparenoexpense不惜一切代价(2)expensiveadj.昂贵的；价格高的Ithoughtitwasunderstoodthatmyexpenseswouldbepaid.我原以为对方已同意支付我的费用。Hefinishedthejobattheexpenseofhishealth.他以牺牲健康完成了这项工作。builtupthebusinessattheexpenseofone'shealth以健康为代价逐步建立起这个企业sparenoexpensetofinishthework不惜代价完成这项工作[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Ican'taffordit─it'sjusttooexpensive(expense)forme.②Youshouldn'tbegenerousattheexpensesofothers.expenses→expense[链接写作]——完成句子学习只偏重记忆而忽视理解是不行的。Instudymemorizationshouldnotbestressedattheexpenseofcomprehension.6．amusevt.使开心；逗笑[高考原句·2018·北京卷]Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.(1)amusesb.withsth.用某物使某人高兴(2)amusementn．消遣；娱乐；娱乐活动，娱乐用品inamusement开心地toone's(great)amusement令人感到(极)好笑的是(3)amusingadj.有趣的；逗乐的(4)amusedadj.感到快乐有趣的beamusedat/by对……感到好笑Myfunnydrawingsamusedthekids.我滑稽的图画把孩子们逗乐了。Ioftenamusemyselfbyreadingonweekends.周末我经常读书消遣。sb.beamusedtolearnthat...某人获悉……觉得好笑amuseoneself自娱自乐[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Theboysamusedthemselves(them)bydrawingcaricaturesoftheirteacher.②Toeveryone'samusement(amuse)，theactorfelloffthestage.③Weareamusedtosee(see)thatheslidonabananaskin.④Wewereamusedwiththestoryteller'sjokes. with→at/by[链接写作]——完成句子阿奇一直给我们讲故事来逗我们开心。Archiekeptusamusedwithhisstories.7．talent[课本义]n.天资，天赋，才能[增补义]n.有才能的人，人才，天才[高考原句·2019·全国卷Ⅰ]Allthefootballplayersontheplaygroundcheeredloudly，sayingthatIhadatalentforfootball.haveatalent/giftfor有……才能talentedadj.有天赋的，有才能的betalented/giftedin/at有天才的，有天赋的Sheshowedconsiderabletalentforgettingwhatshewanted.她很有天资，能够心想事成。haveatalentforacting有表演天赋havegreatartistictalent很有艺术天赋agreattalent一个了不起的人才[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Hehadnotalentforexpressinghimselfonpaper.②Thesetalentandenergeticyoungcitizenscouldsurelydosomethingmoreuseful. talent→talented[链接写作]——完成句子她为自己的两个孩子都有音乐天赋而自豪。Sheisproudthatbothherchildrenhaveatalentformusic．8．demand[课本义]vt.要求[增补义]vt.需要n．要求；所需之物[高考原句·2018·全国卷Ⅰ]Theyfoundthatmoreon­demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.(1)demandsth.from/ofsb.向某人要求某物demandtodosth.要求做某事demandofsb.todosth.要求某人做某事demand＋that­clause要求……(从句谓语用shoulddo，should可以省略)(2)indemand＝inneed需求ondemand一经要求Theprojecthasdemandedconsiderableinvestmentoftimeandeffort.该项目已经投入了相当多的时间和精力。Thissportdemandsbothspeedandstrength.这项运动既需要速度也需要体力。meetthedemandofcustomers满足顾客的需求demandedanimmediateexplanation要求立即作出解释[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Idemandanimmediateanswerof/fromyou.②Idemandthatoneofyou(should)go(go)thereatonce.③Therehavebeendemandsfortheprimeministertoresign(resign).④Goodsecretariesarealwaysondemand. on→in[链接写作]——完成句子她的工作要求有高超的技能。Herjobdemandsahighdegreeofskill.9．relyon依赖；信赖[高考原句·2020·江苏卷]Then，ontwoseparatemorningvisitstothescientists'lab，eachmanwalkedforanhouratanaveragespeedthat，intheory，shouldallowhisbodytorelymainlyonfatforfuel.relyon＋n./doing...指望/依靠……relyonsb./sth.doing/todo...指望……做……relyonitthat...指望……reliableadj.可靠的Youcan'trelyonanyfiguresyougetfromthem.你不能相信从他们那儿得到的任何数据。Youmayrelyonitthattheworkwillbefinishedaheadoftime.你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。notrelyonblessingsfromHeaven不靠老天保佑relyonhimtohelpyouwithEnglish指望他帮你学英语[名师点津]relyon的同义短语：dependon/upon，counton/upon。[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Youcanrelyonitthatitwillraintomorrow.②Thesuccessofthisprojectreliesoneveryonemaking/tomake(make)aneffort.③Nothavingfoundabetterway，wehadtorelyhimtobetheinterpreter. rely后加on[链接写作]——一句多译你可以相信，你有困难时我会帮助你。①YoucanrelyonitthatIwillhelpyouwhenyouareintrouble.②Youcanrelyonmetohelpyouwhenyouareintrouble.③Youcanrelyonmehelpingyouwhenyouareintrouble.10．letalone更不用说[高考原句·2017·北京卷]...wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecureagainstordinaryhumans，letalonesuperintelligentmachines.letout发出；放出/走掉；放大/长/宽(衣物)letdown使失望；放(降)下letsth.go＝letgoofsth.释放；松手；放开Thereisn'tenoughroomforus，letaloneanyguests.连我们都没有足够的空间，更不用说客人了。fearnodeath,letalonedifficulties死都不怕，何况困难[名师点津]letalone的同义短语：nottomention[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①I'mcountingonyoutosupportme—don'tletmedown．②Closethedoor；you'relettingalltheheatout．③Thebabycan'tevencrawlyet，letoutwalk！ out→alone[链接写作]——完成句子这种动物在全世界不多，更不用说在中国了。Thiskindofanimalisrareanywhereintheworld,letaloneinChina．11．[教材原句]Afamousartcollectorwaswalkingthroughthecitywhenhenoticedadirtycatlappingmilkfromasaucerinthedoorwayofastore.一个著名的艺术品收藏家在穿过城市时看见一只脏猫在一家商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。bedoing...when...是固定句型，表示“正在……，这时……”，句中when是并列连词，相当于andatthattime。when的这种用法常用在下列句型中：beabouttodosth.when...正要做某事这时……beonthepointofdoingsth.when...即将做某事这时突然……hadjustdonesth.when...刚做完某事这时……[金句推送](2017·天津卷)IwasdrivingdowntoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.我正开着车去伦敦的路上，这时我突然发现走错路了。[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错①Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.②Hehadjustfallenasleepwhenthetelephonerang.③Iwasatthepointofleavingwhenthephonerang. at→on[链接写作]——完成句子我正在看足球赛这时他进来了。Iwaswatchingthefootballmatchwhenhecamein.12．[教材原句]AndwhiletherearemanypopulardramaticactorsinBritain，thereissomethingextraspecialaboutBritishcomedyandcomediansforglobalaudiences.虽然英国有很多受欢迎的戏剧演员，但是英国喜剧和喜剧演员对全球观众来说有一些特别之处。(1)while意为“当……时候”，指一段时间，不能用来表示一个时间点。(2)while意为“而；然而”，表示转折。(3)while意为“只要”，表示条件。[金句推送](2019·全国卷Ⅲ)WhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.虽然我只列出了其中的两种情况，但显然还有许多其他情况可能出现。[基础练习]——单句语法填空①Whilethediscussionwasstillgoingon，Georgecamein.②There'splentyofraininthesoutheast，whilethere'slittleinthenortheast.③Wecansurelyovercomethesedifficultieswhilewearecloselyunited.[链接写作]——完成句子虽然我理解你说的，但是我不能同意你的话。WhileIunderstandwhatyousaid,Idon'tagreewithyou.夯基固本——基础落实Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。1．Itwassoembarrassing(embarrass)havingtosinginpublic.2．Theydiscussedthestatisticalsignificance(significant)oftheresults.3．Hepretendednottohaveseen(see)mewhenpassingbyyesterday.4．Hedidn'tanswer;hisfacial(face)expressiondidn'tchange.5．Asurveyshowedpeoplewereconfused(confuse)aboutwhattheyshouldeattostayhealthy.Ⅱ．改正句中的错误。1．Theyhadtriedtheirbestandtheydeservetowin. deserve→deserved2．IwaswatchingTVasIheardaknockonthedoor. as→when3．Wearelookingatsomeonewhoisreliableandhard­working. at→for4．Hetookaveryscienceapproachtomanagement. science→scientific5．Donothesitatetolaughatanythingyoufindamused. amused→amusingⅢ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。1．Theyhavebuilttheireconomiesattheexpenseoftheothernationsoftheworld.2．Wewereswimmingintheriverwhenthestormstarted.3．Asearlyasprimaryschool，hehadalreadyshownatalentforacting.4．Youmayrelyonitthathe'llcometomeetyou.5．While/Though/AlthoughTom'sverygoodatscience，hisbrotherisabsolutelyhopeless.查缺补漏——知识拾遗Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。1．Toourastonishment(astonish)thelittleboyswamacrosstheriver.2．Womenwhoeatplentyoffreshvegetablesarefarlesslikelytosufferanxiety(anxious)ordepression.3．Theysatatthebackoftheroom，talkinginwhispers(whisper).4．Theannouncement(announce)hadadramaticeffectonhouseprices.5．Heisfaithful(faith)intheperformanceofhisduties.Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。1．Theyseemedastonishedatthenews，andlookedatmeinastonishment.2．Youthinkyouareclever,but,onthecontrary，Iassurethatyouareveryfoolish.3．Itwassuchbadweatherthatwestayedathomealltheday.4．Wewereconvincedofthetruthofthereport.5．Tomkeptmakingjokesathissister'sexpense.强技提能——语言运用Ⅰ．课文语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。SherlockHolmesaskedhis1．faithful(faith)friendDr.Watson2．whathesawfromthesky.Watsonsaid