最新人教版八年级下册英语第一单元知识点

1.人教版英语八年级下Unit1What'sthematter一、重点单词及用法foot-feet单复数的考察常用复数同：tooth-teetheg：Look,myfareverybig,butthenewshoesaresosmall.stomach变复数词尾直接+sstomachseg：Thechildrencan'teattoomuchice-creambecauseit'sbadfortheirs.X-ray冠词考察无特指情况下用anX-raylie躺-lay（过去式）-lying（现在分词）躺liedown躺下eg：Theyare（lie）onthebeachandhavingagoodtimepassenger乘客复数passengerseg：Thereweretenonthebusatthattime.bandagen・绷带v・用绷带包扎eg：Canyouputthebandageonthecut（改为同义句）CanyouyourselfKilo复数kiloseg：Howmanyoftomatoesdoyouwantknife复数kniveseg：Don'tplaywithmaycutyourfingers.deathn.死亡diev•死亡-died（过去式）-dying（现在分词）dead（形容词死亡的）eg：Thedog'smadehimverysad.10.sick生病的既可以作表语又可以做定语besick=beilleg：Wearegoingtovisitchildreninhospital.二、重点短语haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒cough咳嗽liedown躺下takeone'stemperature量体温takeone'stemperature量体温take/havebreaks/abreak休息=take/havearesttoone'ssurprise令某人惊讶的是getinto(trouble)陷入(麻烦)beusedto(doing)习惯于适应于runout(of)用完用尽(getoutof离开从出来giveup(doing)放弃(做)某事getanX-ray做一个X射线检查intime及时ontime准时falldown摔倒puton把放在...上三、用法总结1.needtodosth需要做某事haveafever发烧getoff下车-geton上车rightaway立刻马上=rightnowgetsunburned被晒伤takerisks/arisk去冒险cutoff切除beincontrolof掌管管理haveastomachache胃痛thanksto由于多亏thinkabout考虑thinkof认为makeadecision作决定beinterestedin对...感兴趣eg:Theteacherneeds(rest)forafewminutes.like意为“听起来像”后接n./adj./句子eg:Itsoundslikeagoodidea.类似的感官动词+like：feellike/smelllike/looklike/tastelike/seemlikesound+adj.结构中，sound是系动词意为“听起来是”后接形容词eg：Thatsoundsgreat.+n./doing(v现在分词)Hewenttoschoolwithouthavingbreakfast.eg：Helefttheclassroomwithoutanythingv・同意，赞成agreewithsb/某人的意见看法Doessheagreewithusagreetodosth同意做某事Tblems(in)doingsth做某事有困难=havetrouble/difficulty(in)doinghaveproblemswithsth=havetrouble/difficultywithsth在某方面有困难eg：Oneofmygoodfriendssaidhehadproblems(learn)English.¥getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事eg：Heusedtogetuplate,butnowheisusedtogettingupearly.usedtodosth过去常常做某事(现在不做了)eg：HeusedtoreadEnglishintheevening.usesthtodosth使用用某物做某事eg：Soheusedknifetocutoffhisarm.beusedtodosth被动被用于做某事eg：Thesenewpensareusedtopaintthewall.one'slife丧失生命saveone'slife挽救某人的生命eg：Helosthislifeinthecaraccident.adj.足够的充足的后接名词n.enoughmoneyadv.足够地修饰形容词/副词enough要后置eg：Thebookis,butIdon'eresting;tobuyenough;tobuyenough;buyinginteresting;buying9.theimportanceof(doing)sth(做)某事的重要性importantadj・重要的unimportantadj•不重要的importancen・重要性eg：Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.n•决定makeadecision(todosth)decidetodosth决定做某事decidenottodosth决定不做某事eg：TommadeadecisiontostudyEnglishwell.up放弃giveup是动词+副词结构接代词作宾语时代词放中间eg：Theproblemissodifficultforyou,butdon'tA.giveitupitoutupitoutitgiveupdoingsth放弃做某事eg：Youwillbeverysadifyougiveup(sing).用法keepondoingsth继续做某事(中间有间隔强调重复性)eg：Hekeptonstudyingthoughhewasverytired.keepdoingsth继续不停地做某事(不间断连续性)eg：Keepwalkinguntilyoureachtheendoftheroad.keepsbdoing让某人一直做某事eg：Don'tkeeptheotherstudentswaiting.keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事eg：Weshouldkeepthelittleboyfromsteppingonthegrass.用法find找到，强调寻找的结果lookfor强调寻找过程findout找出查明eg：Iwaslookingformywatch,butIdidn'tfindit.findsbdoingsth发现某人正在做某事（eg：WhenIwalkedalongtheroad,lfoundanoldmanshoutingforhelp.findit+adj形容词+todosth发现做某事是・・•的eg：Shefoundithardtofinishtheworkbyherself.risks=takearisk冒险Helikestakingrisks.riskone'slifetodo冒着生命危险去做某事eg：Heriskedhislifetosavethechild.riskdoingstheg:ThemancalledTomoftenrisksflyingoverthesea.四、短语辨析1・seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事（动作正在发生）seesbdosth看见某人做某事（看到动作全过程或者经常看到动作发生）eg：IsawtheboycryingwhenIpassedby（路过）.类似的hear/watch/notice/find+sbdo/doingsththanksto多亏...由于=withthehelpof/withone'shelp=becauseofthanksfor因而感谢强调感谢的原因eg：Thankstomyteacher,Ipassedtheexam.Thanksforyourhelp.Time及时表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前发生ontime准时按时指正好在规定时间内eg：Thanksforcomingheretohelpmeintime.Thetrainarrivedintothestationontime.火车准时进站了。3.thinkabout考虑thinkof认为；想起eg：Ionlythoughtaboutsavingtheboywithoutthinkingaboutanything.Thepicturemakesmethinkofmygrandfather.WhatdoyouthinkofyourEnglishteacher=Howdoyoulikeyourteacher4.toomany;toomuch;muchtoo;toomany;toomuch修饰名词toomany+可数名词;toomuch+不可数名词eg：toomanypeopletoomuchwater/homeworkmuchtoo修饰adj・形容词eg：Don'teatjunkfood,oryouwillbefat.A./muchtoo;toomuchmany;toomanymuch;muchtoomuch;toomanyB.5.interesting有趣的一般修饰物interested感兴趣的一般修饰人10.10.习惯用法：get/become/beinterestedinsth/doingsth对感兴趣eg：Shebecameinterestedinsingingsongs.Thestoryisinterestingandallofusareinterestedinit.6.because连词后接句子becauseof介词短语后接名词/动名词/代词eg：Ididn'tgooutlastnightbecauseoftheheavyrain.=Ididn'tgooutlastnightbecauseitrainedheavily.7.so...that...如此以至于引导结果状语从句sothat以便，为了引导目的状语从句eg：Sheissoyoungthatshecan'tdressherself.（结果）Theteacherspokeloudlysothateveryonecouldhearhimclearly.（目的）so+adj/adv+that从句=too+adj/adv+todosth（太...而不能）Sheistooyoungtodressherself.beincontro1of控制管理主动；反义词组-beoutofcontrol无法管理beinthecontrolof被控制管理在...的控制之下被动.eg：Ateachermustbeincontrolofhisclass.runoutof用完，用尽人作主语Wehaverunoutofourmoney.runOUt用完，用尽物作主语主语一般为时间金钱Our廿meisrunningout.sick生病的，有病的可以作表语也可以做定语11.ill生病的，有病的只可以作表语比较级为worse最高级为worstillness名词生病eg：Shecan'tgotoschoolbecausesheis也/becauseofherillness.Pleasetakegoodcareofthesickboy.12.expect/wish/hopeexpect预计；期望，希望expecttodo/expectsbtodosth/expect+that从句eg：Heexpectstowintheprize.wish希望；祝愿可能性较小wishtodosth/wishsbtodosth/eg：Iwishtoflyinthesky.hope可能性较大希望hopetodosth/hope+that从句（没有hopesbtodosth）eg：Ihopetoseeyousoon.13.getoff下车geton上车多指从公交车火车飞机下来空间大的交通工具getoutof从...出来getin上去指上下小型交通工具汽车出租车eg：LucyisgettingonthebuswhileIamgettingoff.14.fall（fell）down与fallofffalldown意为“倒下”，在平面摔倒；falloff意为“跌落”强调从某处掉了下来联系falldownfrom（从摔下）=falloffeg：Whenthelittlegirlranacrossthestreet,shefell/own否定句：主语否定句：主语+should+not+动词原形+其他Hefelloffbikeandbrokehislegs.四、语法大点1.询问对方哪里不舒服，或者遇到什么麻烦以及回答I问：What'sthematter（withyou）=What'sthetroubl（withyou）=What'swrong（withyou）=Whathappened（toyou）=What'sup（withyou）答：Ihaveacold（感冒）=1getacold=Icatchacold=Ihavetheflu.haveabad/terrible/heavycold（重感冒）havealittlecold（轻感冒）Ihaveafever（发烧）Ihaveacough（咳嗽）Ihaveastomachache/headache/toothache/backache（胃痛/头疼/牙疼/后背疼）Ihaveasorethroat/soreknee/sorefeet（嗓子疼/膝盖疼/脚疼）2.情态动词should意为“应该”课本原句：Youshouldn'teatsomuchnexttime.Heshouldliedownandrest.HeshouldadentistandgetanX-ray.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit注意：should没有人称和数的变化它和其后的动词原形一起做谓语句式变化：肯定句：主语+should+动词原形+其他eg：Youshouldreadhisnewbook.eg：Youshouldn'teatanything.一般疑问句式：Should+主语+动词原形+其他eg：Should