2023届辽宁沈阳市二十中学高三3月份第一次模拟考试英语试卷（含答案解析）

2023高考英语模拟试卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Theguidewasenthusiasticandknowledgeableandwespentalovelyeveningwanderingintoplaceswhichwe________straightpastotherwise.A．hadwalked B．werewalkingC．wouldhavewalked D．musthavewalked2．Iknowhefeelsupsetabouthisfailure,andIcan_____that.A．relateto B．livewithC．answerfor D．pullthrough3．Theargumentremainsextremelyheateditisnecessarytofrequentlyupdateteachingmaterial.A．that B．which C．if D．whether4．Everythingisamazing.Thankyouall.Wewithoutyourhelp.A．can’tmakeit B．mustn’thavemadeC．won’tmake D．couldn’thavemadeit5．Theworseworkingconditionswearelookingforwardto______musthaveattractedthelocalgovernment’sattention.A．seeimproved B．seeingimprovedC．seeimproving D．seeingtoimprove6．Inmanycountriesintheworld,breakfastisasnack______ameal,butthetraditionalEnglishbreakfastisafullmeal.A．lessthan B．morethanC．otherthan D．ratherthan7．Maryfeltfromtheoutsideworld,sinceshelackedanInternetconnectionandcouldn’treceiveanye-mail.A．cutdown B．cutin C．cutoff D．cutout8．Nothavingworkedouttheprogram,________leavetheoffice.A．sohewasforbiddentoB．andhedidn’twanttoC．hislittlesoncouldn’tmakehimD．becouldn’tfreehimselfto9．MoreexpresswaysinSichuansoontopromotethelocaleconomy.A．arebeingbuilt B．willbebuiltC．havebeenbuilt D．hadbeenbuilt10．—Mum,wouldyoupleasebuymeanMP5player?—Ifyoucanhelpdosomehouseworkthewholevacation，you____haveoneasareward.A．must B．need C．would D．shall11．Undergoodtreatment,manypatientsarebeginningto________andwillsoonrecover.A．turnupB．catchupC．pickupD．showup12．wegotherebytrainorbyshipmakesnodifference．Thetimeandthefeesarethesame． A．Which B．How C．Whether D．Why13．Theaimofthegovernmentistomakeeverycitizenbetteroff,____,tohelpthemliveahappylife．A．asaresult B．forastartC．foronething D．inotherwords14．Allofasudden,thethiefwalkingbehindayoungandprettylady_______herpurse,______intothecrowd.A．seizing;rushed B．seized;rushed C．seizing;rushing D．seized;rushing15．I'llhaveallofthereadingsbytheendofthistermifmyplangoeswell.A．completing B．tocompleteC．completed D．beingcompleted16．moreabouttheplacewhereyoulive,andyouwillshouldermoreresponsibilitytoprotectitA．LearningB．TolearnC．LearnD．Learned17．ThoughwintersinBritainarecoldandthereisusuallysnow,thereare________placesforskiing.A．some B．many C．few D．afew18．Thehealthofgardenplantsdependsonthesoil_____--theproperbalanceofmineralpieces,organicmatter,airandwater.A．constructionB．conservationC．corporationD．composition.19．—Didyoucatchthefirstbusthismorning?—No.Ithadleftthestop_________Igotthere.A.inthetime B．atthetimeC．bythetime D．duringthetime20．________backinhischair,themanbegantotellushisadventuresintheforests.A．SitB．SittingC．TositD．Sat第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）WecanvideochatwithastronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStationandwatchlivefootagefromthefrozenheightsofEverest.Butcommunicatingwithasubmarine(潜艇）oradiverisnotsoeasy.Thelackofpracticalmethodsforsharingdatabetweenunderwaterandairbornedeviceshaslongbeenafrustrationforscientists.Thedifficultystemsfromthefactthatradiosignalsworkperfectlyinairtravelbutpoorlyinwater.Sonar(声呐）signalsusedbyunderwatersensorsreflectoffthesurfaceofthewaterratherthanreachingtheair.Now，researchersatMIThavedevelopedamethodwiththepotentialtorevolutionizeunderwatercommunication.“Whatwe’veshownisthatit’sactuallyfeasibletocommunicatefromunderwatertotheair,"saysFadelAdib，aprofessoratMJT’sMediaLab，wholedtheresearch.TheMITresearchersdesignedasystemthatusesanunderwatermachinetosendsonarsignalstothesurface,makingvibrations(震动)correspondingtothelsandOsofthedata.Asurfacereceiverthenreadsanddecodesthesetinyvibrations.TheresearcherscallthesystemTARF.Ithasanynumberofpotentialreal-worlduses,Adibsays.Itcouldbeusedtofinddownedplanesunderwaterbyreadingsignalsfromsonardevicesinaplane'sblackboxanditcouldallowsubmarinestocommunicatewiththesurface.Rightnowthetechnologyislow-resolution.TheinitialstudywasconductedintheMITswimmingpoolatmaximumdepthsofaround11or12feet.ThenextstepsfortheresearchersaretoseeifTARFisworkableatmuchgreaterdepthsandundervaryingconditions—highwaves,storms，schoolsoffish.Theyalsowanttoseeiftheycanmakethetechnologyworkintheotherdirection—airtowater.Ifthetechnologyprovessuccessfulinreal-worldconditions,expect“textingwhilediving”tobethelatestunderwaterfashion.1、WhatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinParagraph1?A．Thefutureofvideochatunderwaterandinair.B．Thefrustrationsofdevelopingunderwaterdevices.C．Thedifficultyofcommunicationfromwatertoair.D．Thecurrentsituationofcommunicatingwithasubmarine.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feasible”mean?A．Achievable. B．Convenient.C．Changeable. D．Alternative.3、WhatdoweknowaboutTARF?A．Itiswidelyusedtofinddownedplanes.B．Itcanworkwellatgreatdepthsunderwater.C．Itisanunderwatermachinethatsendssignals.D．Itcansend，receiveandreadsignalsfromunderwater.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheReal-worldUsesofSonarTechnologyB．FullWater-to-airCommunicationClosertoRealityC．ABreakthroughintheApplicationofVideoChatD．TARFBecomingaNewMeansofCommunication22．（8分）Foraslongaswe’veknownaboutit,humanshavesearchedforacureforcancer.Acrosstheworld,countlessamountsoftimeandmoneyhavebeenspentonresearchingawaytostopthisterribledisease.Butnow,itseemsliketheanswercouldhavebeeninsideourownbodiesthewholetime.Recently,theFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)intheUS,agovernmentagencythat’sresponsibleforhealthcare,approvedanewformofgenetherapy(疗法)thatcouldmeantheendofacertaintypeofcancer.Thetherapyallowsscientiststo“train”theimmune(有免疫力的)cellsofsickpatientstofightleukemia(白血病)—aformofbloodcancerthatmostlyaffectsyoungpeople.Theexcitingnewtreatmentworksbyremovinghealthyimmunecellsfromthepatient,knownasT-cells,whicharethenchangedtobeableto“huntdown”cancercells.Thecellsarethenputbackintothepatientbeforetheybegintogetridofthepatient’sleukemiaovertime,similartohowthebodyfightsoffotherillnesses.“Thisistrulyanexcitingnewdayforcancerpatients,”LouisJ.DeGennaro,presidentoftheLeukemiaandLymphomaSociety,saidinanewsrelease.Upuntilnow,alongandpainfulmarrowtransplant(骨髓移植)wastheonlyoptionformanyleukemiapatients.Inthisprocedure,healthybloodcellsaretakenfromadonatorandplacedintothesickpatient,whoalsohastogothroughchemotherapy(化疗)toallowtheirbodytoadjusttothenewcells.Butwitharecoveryrateofaround83%—accordingtoanewsreleasepublishedbytheFDA—it’shopedthatthedaysofpainfultripstothehospital,orevendeath,areoverforleukemiasufferers.“We’reenteringanewfrontierinmedicalinnovation(创新)withtheabilitytoreprogramapatient’sowncellstoattackadeadlycancer,”FDArepresentativeScottGottliebsaidintherelease.“Newtechnologiessuchasgeneandcelltherapiesholdthepotentialtotransformmedicineandourabilitytotreatandevencuremanyincurableillnesses.”1、Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Tocomparedifferentwaysofcuringleukemia.B．Toreportonabreakthroughincancertreatment.C．Toexplorethepotentialofgeneandcelltherapies.D．Toshowscientists’effortsinsearchofacureforcancer.2、Howdoesthenewtreatmenttofightleukemiawork?A．ByusingchangedT-cellstodestroycancercells.B．Byreplacingsickbloodcellswithhealthyones.C．Byremovingsickbloodcellsduringmarrowtransplant.D．Byusingchemotherapytoimprovethepatient’simmunesystem.3、Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewtherapyforleukemiasufferers?A．Itcansavethemmanymoretripstothehospital.B．Itcanimprovetheirabilitytofightoffallkindsofcancer.C．Itcangivethemabetterchanceofsurvivalandrecovery.D．Itcanreducetheirpainintheprocessofmarrowtransplant.4、WhatisScottGottlieb’sattitudetowardgeneandcelltherapies?A．Doubtful. B．Optimistic. C．Worried. D．Casual.23．（8分）WhenSabrinaVegawas5yearsold,afriendinvitedhertoapartyheldatagymwhereSabrinadiscoveredthatsheloveddoinggymnastics.Afewnightsaftertheparty,Sabrinahadadream.Shetoldhermother,Jahira,aboutthedream.Jahirasaid,“SabrinasaidthatinherdreamshewenttotheOlympics.Shedescribedeverythingatthisinternationalcompetition.AtfirstIdidnottakeherstoryseriously.”ButSabrinakepttalkingaboutherdream.Shetoldittoherfather,David.SoJahiraandDaviddecidedtopayforSabrinatolearngymnastics.SoSabrinastartedtotrainataspecialandcompetitivegym.Thoughonly7yearsold,shewasalreadytrainingtocompeteatahighlevel.Theyearspassedquickly.Sabrinagotbetterandbetter.Bythetimeshewas12yearsold,SabrinawastrainingsomanyhourseachdaythatshedidnothavetimetodothingsthatmanyotherAmericansofanagedid.WhenSabrinawas13,shehadachancetocompeteinanationalgymnasticsevent.Ifshedidwell,theeventwouldgiveherthechancetojointhenationalteam—theteamthattrainsfortheOlympics.Butthefamilywasoutofmoney.JahirahadtotellSabrinathatshecouldnotgo.Jahirasaid,“Tearscametohereyes,andshesaid,‘Iunderstand’.”Aweekortwolater,arichfamilycametovisitSabrina’sgymunexpectedly.TheywatchedSabrinatrain.Thentheyaskedtotalktohermother.TherichfamilyofferedJahiraallthemoneytheyneeded!Eventually,SabrinaVegacompetedatthe2012OlympicTrials.Shefinished10thintheall-round.1、SabrinaVegahadadreamto.A．gotothepartyB．dogymnasticsC．takepartintheOlympicsD．attendanationalcompetition2、Fromthepassage,wecaninfer.A．Sabrina’sparentsweretiredofhertalkingB．Sabrina’sparentslovedherandweremovedbyherC．Sabrina’sparentssupportedherdreamevenatthebeginningD．Sabrinabecameanationalteamplayerattheageoftwelve3、Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?A．AllroadsleadtoRome.B．Earlybirdscatchworms.C．Practicemakesperfect.D．Godblessthedeterminedandhard-working.4、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AtalentedgirlB．ThecaringparentsC．AnOlympicdreamD．Ahelpinghand24．（8分）NileCruiseinEgyptIt’shardtobeatEgyptforitsmixofheatandcultureinDecember.Aseven-nightcruiseonboardatraditional19th-century-stylewoodenluxurysailingvessel,whichsleepsupto12andcruisesbetweenLuxorandAswan，costsfrom£775perheadfullboard，departingonDecember11throughBales(08450570600;www..)ChristmasMarketsinColognePerhapsthebestofnorthernEurope’smanyChristmasmarketsisCologne--therearesevenseparatethemedmarketswhichstartopeningthisweek.Cologneisalsooneoftheeasiestplacestogettobytrain.EurostarconnectionsfromLondonviaBrusselstakejustunderfourhoursandreturnticketsareavailablethiswinterfrom£89(08432186186;www.E).FordetailsofaccommodationandmarketsseeCologneTourism(www.).SkiinginValThorensIfyouwanttobesureofsnowforskiingintheAlpsbeforeChristmasyouneedtoheadhigh--whereyouwillgettheadvantageofquietslopesandlowprices.Aweek9sstayatChaletElianecostsfrom£399chaletboardthroughCrystalSki(08712312256;www.crystalski.co.uk)，or,muchmoreluxurious,aweek’shalfboardatthefive-starhotelcostsfrom£1,195throughCrystalFinest(08719710364;www.crystalfinest.co.uk).BothpackagesarefordeparturesonDecember13.JapaneseOnsenSnowmonkeyswarmingthemselvesinthehotspringsatYudanakamakeanendearingsight.Assnowflakesfallyoumaybetemptedtoclimbinyourself(perhapsnotthesamepool，though).Experiencethis,overnightatatempleandaryokan,andseeTokyoandHiroshima,travelingbybullettrain,onthe14-nightJapanUnmaskedtour:£1,600,excludingflights(01173144620;).1、Theadvertisementismainlyaimedatthosewho.A．studyabroadB．oftentravelaroundC．wanttogoshoppingbeforeChristmasD．arefondofskiinginwinter2、Marylovestheideaofshoppingduringhertrip.Shewillprobablycontactbycalling.A．08432186186 B．08450570600C．08712312256 D．011731446203、Ifyouwanttogosightseeingbywater,youhavetobook.A．beforeDecember11 B．beforeDecember13C．beforeChristmas D．afterChristmas4、Ifyouenjoywatchinganimalsbathing,whichwebsitewillyouclickforfurtherinformation?A．www.crystalfinest.co.ukB．C．D．www.balesworld5、Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.A．skiinginValThorensishighinpriceB．EurostaristhemostbeautifulareaofthecityC．atouristhastowarmhimselfinthehotspringwithmonkeysD．aLondonerwillspendlessthan4hourstravellingtoColognebytrain25．（10分）WhenAmericansoldiersreturnhomefromwarwithdisabilities,theyoftensuffertwice—firstfromtheircombatinjuries,nextfromthehumiliation（羞辱）ofgovernmentdependency.Woundedveterans（老兵）learntheyhavetwobasicchoices:Theycanreceivealmost$3,000amonthindisabilitybenefitsalongwithmedicalcareandaccesstoothervariouswelfareprograms,ortheycantrytofindajob.Especiallyinthiseconomy,it’snowonderthatmanyfindthatfirstoptionhardtoturndown.MarkDuggan,aneconomicsprofessoratStanfordUniversity,reportsthatenrollmentintheU.S.veterans’disabilityprogramsrosefrom2.3millionin2001to3.9millionin2014.Thepercentageofveteransreceivingbenefitsdoubled,from8.9%in2001to18%in2014.Disabilityservicesforveteransnowconsume$59billion.Inthe1980sand1990s,maleveteransweremorelikelytobeinthelaborforcethannonveterans.Butsince2000,thathaschangeddramatically.Nowthereisa4%gapbetweenveteranandnon-veteranlaborparticipation,withveteranparticipationlower.NavySEALEricGreitens,thefounderofTheMissionContinues,explainshowsoldierswhoservedtheircountryaretransformedintowelfarereceiverswholiveofftheircountry.“Whenveteranscomehomefromwartheyaregoingthroughatremendouschangeinidentity,”hesays.“ThentheUnitedStatesDepartmentofVeteransAffairs,andothers,encouragethemtoviewthemselvesasdisabled.”BythetimetheycometoGreitens’non-profitorganization,“Wemeetanumberofveteranswhoseethemselvesascharitycasesandarenotsureanymorewhattheyhavetocontribute.”Therearealsomorepracticalfactorsdrivingthedisabilityboom.Oneistheexpansionofqualificationcriteria.In2000,forinstance,type2diabeteswasaddedasadisabilitybecauseofevidencelinkingexposuretoAgentOrangewiththeonsetofthedisease.Heartdiseasehasalsobeenaddedtothelist.Anotherpossiblefactoristhatyoungerveteransseemlessagainstwelfarethantheirparents’generation.Veteranswhohaveservedsincethe1990saremuchmorelikelytosignupfordisabilitythantheiroldercounterparts;1in4youngerveteransisondisability,versusjust1in7ofthoseoverage54.Weshouldn’tgobacktothebadolddayswhenveteranswereafraidtoadmitweakness.ButLt.Col.DanielGadeisoneofmanyveteranswhothinkourdisabilitysystemisharmful,psychologically,toformersoldiers.Gadelosthislegincombatin2005andnowteachesatWestPoint.HerecentlygaveatalktodisabledveteransatFt.Carson,inwhichheurgedthemtorejointheworkforce.“Peoplewhostayhomebecausetheyaregettingpaidenoughtogetbyondisabilityareworseoff,”hewarned.“Theyaremorelikelytoabusedrugsandalcohol.Theyaremorelikelytolivealone.”Whatawasteofhumanpotential,especiallysincemostveteransondisabilitystillhavetheirprimeworkingyearsaheadofthemwhenthey’redischarged（遣退）.Wecouldsolvethisproblembychangingthewayweview-andlabel-veteranswithdisabilities.AsGadenotedinarecentarticle,“Veteransshouldbeviewedasresources,notasdamagedgoods.”Herecommendedthat“effortstohelpveteransshouldbeginbyrecognizingtheirabilitiesratherthanfocusingonlyonthendisabilities,andshouldservetheultimateaimofmovingwoundedsoldierstorealself-sufficiency.”Onamorepracticalnote,theUnitedStatesDepartmentofVeteransAffairscouldreallocate（再分配）resourcestospendmoreonjobtrainingandlessondisability.Currentplacementprogramsaresadlyinadequate.Wearegoodatsendingsoldiersofftowar.Yetwhentheseyoungmenandwomenreturnhome,theyareessentiallytold,“We’llgiveyouenoughforareasonablycomfortablelife,butwewon’thelpyoufindajob.”Itisunreasonablethatwearecondemningthousandsofyoungveteranswhoservedtheircountrytolifeonthedole（失业救济金）ratherthanenablingthemtore-entertheworkforcewiththenecessaryaccommodations.1、Whatdomoreandmorewoundedveteransappeartodonowadays?A．Dependonthegovernmentforaliving.B．Betreatedbadlyinmostworkplaces.C．Askthegovernmentformoredole.D．Spendmoretimeonjobhunting.2、HowdoesMarkDugganprovehisopinioninthepassage?A．Bylistingfigures.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Byperformingexperiments.D．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.3、Whatdidveteransusetodointhe1980sand1990s?A．Refusetofindjobs.B．Beamainlaborresource.C．Havemuchtroublefindingjobs.D．Receivemanydisabilitybenefits.4、Oneofthereasonswhytherearemoredisabledveteransisthat.A．damagefromthewarisgreaterthaneverB．veteranshavesufferedmuchmorethaneverC．thescaleofdisabilitieshasbeenbroadenedD．olderveteransaren’tafraidtoadmittheirdisability5、InCade’sopinion,theveteranswhoreceivewelfarefromthegovernmenttendto_______.A．savemoretroubleforthegovernmentB．leadamiserableandunhappylifeC．increasinglydependonthegovernmentD．sufferthehumiliationoftheircombatinjuries第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）IthappenedtoSusanBlackinacoldwinter.Everythingseemedina1thosedays.Bothherparentssufferingfromdepression,sendingfora2becameacommonpractice.Asawomaninher40s,itwasa3jobtobeateacherof30first-graders,whowerealways4,andshe’dtriedallsortsofmethods,but5togetthemquietinclass...Misfortuneswere6oneafteranother.Afteralongandtiringdayatwork,Susandraggedherselfalong,7towardstheparkinglot.Shecametothecar,onlytofindshehadlockedherkeysandcellphoneinside.8kickingthetyreofthecar,shesensedtears9hercheeks.“What’swrong?”avoicewasheard.Susanlookedup,andsawayoungmanwitha10athisside.Susanstoppedweepingandexplainedhersituation,addingthat11hecalledherhusband,hewouldn’tbringherthesparecarkey,sincehewasworkingatthe12endofthetownanditwasstillnottimeto13theday’swork.“Callyour14andtellhimI’mcomingtogetthekey,”theyoungmanhandedSusanhisphone.“Butthat’sninemiles’roundtrip...”saidSusan.“There’snotimefor15.I’llbebackassoonaspossible.”Twohourslater,themotorriderreturnedwithabigsmileand16face,keyinhand.Susan17somemoney,butherefused.“Let’sjustsayIneededthe18,”withthosewords,likea19inthemovies,herodeoffintothesunset.ForSusan,the“cowboy”notonlypickedthekey,but20herday,orrather,warmedthelongandcoldwinterdays.1、A．battleB．rowC．messD．hurry2、A．workerB．psychologistC．policemanD．lawyer3、A．toughB．rareC．boringD．rewarding4、A．kindB．quickC．happyD．noisy5、A．atheartB．invainC．onpurposeD．withease6、A．comingtrueB．pilingupC．goingwellD．runningout7、A．lookingB．marchingC．yellingD．heading8、A．MildlyB．RandomlyC．SuddenlyD．Wildly9、A．streamingdownB．flowingpastC．showingupD．castingaway10、A．bicycleB．carC．motorbikeD．taxi11、A．evenifB．unlessC．justasD．whenever12、A．wideB．deepC．farD．long13、A．endB．forgetC．giveupD．putoff14、A．friendB．familyC．daughterD．husband15、A．waitingB．hesitationC．travelingD．delivery16、A．charmingB．sweatingC．worryingD．encouraging17、A．receivedB．sharedC．offeredD．loaded18、A．exerciseB．helpC．rewardD．lesson19、A．youngB．strangerC．motorriderD．cowboy20、A．keptB．burntC．fixedD．built第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Legosarepopularwithkids.But1．(make)themcanhurttheenvironment.Why?Legosaremadeofplastic.Theplasticismadefromoil.Thatisanonrenewableresource.Recently,Lego2．(introduce)earth-friendlypieces.Theyaremadeofplastictakenfromsugarcane.Thatisarenewablematerial.ThegreenpiecesarepartofabiggerplanforLego.Thecompanyplanstouserenewablematerialsinallits3．(toy)by2030.Theactionsthecompanytakestodaycanhaveaninfluenceontheplanetoftomorrow.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10

处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加:

在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:

把多余的词用斜线(\)

划掉。修改:

在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:

1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词:2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)

不计分。Nowadaysmillionsofpeopleofallagetakepleasureinahobbywhichisbothinterestedandfun、Andeveryyearmoreandmorepeoplestartastampcollectionofyourownanddiscoveraninterestwhichcanevenlastlifetime、Startingyourcollectionofstampsareeasybecausetheyarenowhere、Holidayandbirthdaypostcardsandletterssendbyyourfriendsandrelativescanprovideyouforstampsfromallovertheworld、Butonceyou’vestartedcollectingse