(通用版)高考英语二轮复习课件 第3讲 专题4数词 (含详解)

语法专题突破第三讲不可忽视的小词——代词、冠词、介词和数词专题4数词第二部分1重温真题2

考点精析3

考点集训重温真题单句语法填空1．(大纲全国Ⅱ)Hemissedthegoldinthehighjump,butwillget_____secondchanceinthelongjump.解析：在序数词前用a，则表示“再次，还有”之意。2．(东北师范大学附中模拟)Iamstillthankfultomyuncleforteachingmetorideabikeonmy_________(nine)birthday.解析：句意：我依旧感谢叔叔在我九岁生日(第九个生日)时教我学会骑自行车。aninth考点精析►框架结构图►基数词的构成及作用1．常用基数词表ⅠⅡⅢoneeleventhirtytwotwelvefortythreethirteenfiftyfourfourteensixtyfivefifteenseventysixsixteeneightysevenseventeenninetyeighteighteenhundredninenineteenthousandtentwentymillion/billion2.基数词构成歌诀1至12逐个记，13至19teen结尾。20至90整十位，ty结尾是后缀。要是表示“几十几”，连字符十位连个位。若要表示“几百几”，hundred之后and立。若要用于复合形容词，连字符相连不加－s。注意：(1)hundred,thousand,million,billion等词前有基数词或several时，须用单数；与of连用时，用复数，但其前面不能再加数词。如：sixhundredpeoplehundredsofpeople(2)dozen前有具体数词修饰时，用单数，of可省略；当dozen后面接these,those,them，us等词时，须先接of，再接这些词，但dozen仍不加－s；dozensof中的of不可省。score用法和dozen相当，但of一般不省略。severaldozenpencilsdozensofstudentsthreedozenoftheseeggstwodozenofthemtwoscoreofeggsscoresofbooks3．基数词的位置常位于another，all之后，such，more之前，可置于last，next，other之前或之后。anothertwodaysallthetenbooksonemoreappletwosuchpenshislasttwodays/histwolastdays4．基数词的句法功能(1)主语Threewillbeenough.(2)宾语Thecityhasapopulationofthreemillion.(3)表语Thepopulationofthiscityisnearlytwomillion.(4)同位语Theytwowenttothecinema.(5)定语Theriverisabouteightmileslong.►序数词的构成及作用1．常用序数词表ⅠⅡⅢfirstelevenththirtiethsecondtwelfthfortieththirdthirteenthfiftiethfourthfourteenthsixtiethfifthfifteenthseventiethsixthsixteentheightiethseventhseventeenthninetietheightheighteenthhundredthninthnineteenththousandthtenthtwentiethmillionth/billionth注意：21以上的多位数词，只将末位数变为序数词，前面的其他位数仍用基数词。如：21st→twenty－first；22nd→twenty－second；33rd→thirty－third；100th→onehundredth2．序数词的句法功能(1)定语thefirstdayoftheweekmyfirstvisittoBeijing(2)表语Youarethefirsttoleave.(3)主语Thesecondwasevenworse.(4)同位语Tom,thefirst,ishere.(5)宾语Doyoupreferthefirstorthesecond?注意：①序数词前一般要加定冠词the或形容词性物主代词。Thisisthefirstone.ThisishersecondvisittoJapan.②序数词前有时可用不定冠词a，此时不强调顺序。“a＋序数词”相当于another，表示“又一个，再一个”。You'dbettertryathirdtime.►数词的应用1．用于构成分数、百分数、小数onethirdtwothirds/two－thirdstwo－fifthsofthestudentsthirtypercentofthewatersixpointfour注意：表示几分之几(或百分之几)的人或物时，须在分数(或百分数)和人或物之间加of。若充当主语，谓语动词的数应与of后面的名词的数保持一致，如：Seventypercentofherincomewasspentonclothes.2．倍数表达法(1)A＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋BThebagistwiceasbigasthatone.(2)A＋谓语＋倍数＋asmany/much＋名词＋as＋BIhavetwiceasmanybooksashe(does)．(3)A＋谓语＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋BThisclassroomisthreetimesbiggerthanours.(4)A＋谓语＋倍数＋thesize(width/length/height/depth等)＋of＋BYourpieceofbreadisthreetimesthesizeofmine.(5)A＋谓语＋倍数＋what＋从句Theoutputofcarsin2017wasfivetimeswhatitwasin2016.(6)A＋谓语＋...by＋倍数，表示“增加或减少了多少倍”Theproductionhasincreasedbyfourtimesthisyear.注意：表达倍数时，常用half表示“一半”，用double或twice表示“两倍”，用times表示三或三倍以上。3．日期的表达(1)某年：in＋数字in2018(2)某月：in＋月份inMay(3)某年某月：in＋月＋年inMay,2018(4)某年某月某日：on＋月＋日/on＋日＋月，＋年onMay1(st)/1(st)May,20184．时刻的表达twenty－onepast/aftereight或eighttwenty－onefourto/ofnine或eightfifty－sixhalfpasteight或eightthirtyaquarterto/often或nineforty－five5．年代的表达theearly1920s/1920'stheearlytwentiesthemid－eighties6．其他特殊表达(1)表示“每一段时间”或“每隔……”everythreedays/everyfourthdayeveryotherdayeveryfewdays(2)表示年龄inone'steensinone'stwentiesattheageof17Heistwentyyearsold.Heisamanoftwenty.Heisatwenty－year－oldman.(3)用于习语中oneatatimeonebyonetenoutoften►书面表达中数词易错点聚焦1．数词的拼写错误fourty(误)→forty(正)ninty(误)→ninety(正)nineth(误)→ninth(正)twentith(误)→twentieth(正)twentiety－first(误)→twenty－first(正)threefifth(误)→threefifths(正)the2thofFebruary(误)→the2ndofFebruary(正)OneThousandOneNights(误)→OneThousandandOneNights(正)2．特殊表达中的错误everyotherdays(误)→everyotherday(正)inhistens(误)→inhisteens(正)severaldozensofthem(误)→severaldozenofthem(正)moretwodays(误)→twomoredays/anothertwodays(正)You'dbettertrythethirdtime.(误)→You'dbettertryathirdtime.(正)考点集训Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．There______(be)onedeskandthreechairsintheroom.2．—What'sthedatetoday?—It'sthe__________(four)ofJuly.3．Therearebusestothestationevery_____________(twenty)minute.4．Shewasthefirstwoman__________(win)thegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.5．Inordertofindabetterjob,hedecidedtostudy_____secondforeignlanguage.isfourthtwentiethtowinaⅡ.语法填空(数词专练)Thereare1.________seasonsinayear：spring,summer,autumnandwinter.Ayearcanalsobedividedinto2.__________months.Eachmonthisdividedinto3._________periods:thefirst,themiddleandthelastten－dayperiod.Mother'sDayfallsonthe4.__________SundayofMaywhileFather'sDayonthe5._________SundayofJuneeveryyear.The6.___________monthoftheyearisDecember.Thereare7._____________completeweeksplusanextr