外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习36：选择性必修3 Unit 6　Nature in words(含解析)

课时质量评价(三十六)选择性必修第三册Unit6NatureinwordsA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空A(2021·浙江宁波模拟)TherearemanygreatdestinationsintheUK,oneof1.________istheSouth­WestofEngland.ThemostpopularregionssurroundingtheSouth­West2.________(be)thecountiesofDevonandCornwall.Theyarebythecoastandknownforhavingsomeof3.________sunniestweatherintheUK.IntheheartoftheSouth­West,DartmoorNationalPark4.________(vote)theUK'sfavouritein2016.Thereareplentyofbreathtakingwalkstochoosefromwhichwillleadyou5.________(discover)Dartmoor'sancientandrugged(崎岖的)charm!IntheSouth­Westyouwillfindplentyofattractiveandoftendeserted6.________(beach).SomeexamplesincludeWhitesandBayinCornwallandWoolacombebeachinDevon.Ifyoudon'tmindthe7.________(slight)coolertemperaturesthanotherbeachdestinationsinEurope,youareinforarealtreat!Apartfrom8.________(surround)bybeautifulnature,theSouth­Westisfullofurbangems(精华).ThecityofExeterinDevonhasgreatcentres,aswellaslotsofcafés9.________pubs.Cornwallhasitsowntreasurestoo—prettyvillagesandtownssuchasStIvesandMousehole.Theylinethecoastline,andmakefortheperfectlocationstospendthose10.________(relax)summerafternoons!【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国的旅游圣地——西南部最受欢迎的地区德文郡和康沃尔郡。1.which考查定语从句。此处先行词是destinations，关系词在从句中与oneof一起作主语，且位于介词of之后，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。2.are考查主谓一致。此处主语是“Themostpopularregions”，谓语动词应使用复数形式，且描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故填are。3.the考查定冠词。形容词最高级前要加定冠词。故填the。4.wasvoted考查动词的被动语态。DartmoorNationalPark与vote之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应使用被动语态，再根据时间状语“in2016”可知，此处应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasvoted。5.todiscover考查固定用法。leadsb.todosth.“引导某人做某事”，为固定短语。故填todiscover。6.beaches考查名词的单复数。根据空前“plentyof”可知，此处应使用名词复数。故填beaches。7.slightly考查副词。此处修饰形容词cooler，应使用副词。故填slightly。8.beingsurrounded考查非谓语动词。此处与theSouth­West是逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用被动语态，因位于介词from后，应使用动名词的被动式。故填beingsurrounded。9.and考查连词。此处的cafés和pubs是并列关系，意为“许多咖啡馆和小酒馆”。故填and。10.relaxing考查形容词。它们沿着海岸线排列，有着绝佳的位置，是度过那些放松的夏日午后的完美地点！故填relaxing。BThegreatoutdoors：it'stheplacetoheadforwhenyou'reinneedofpeaceandquiet,openspaces,beautifulsceneryandexercise.1.________ahugemountainrangeoralocalcountrypark,thesenaturalareasareaperfecttonic(补药)forourstressed­outlives,andtheirmedicaleffectisbeingusedmoreandmore2.________(treat)mentalhealth.Psychotherapyhelpspeoplewhosufferfromdepression,3.________(anxious)andstress.It'struethatconnectingwiththenaturalworld4.________(definite)liftsourspirits.Eco­therapydoesn'tinvolvetakingmedicine.Instead,itjustdevelopsaperson'srelationship5.________nature.Thisnaturaltherapycantakeonmanyforms,suchasdoingyogainaforest,gardeningoreven6.________(hug)atree.Therearemany7.________(benefit)ofthis“green”therapy,includingimprovingsocialcontact,socialandworkskillsandcopingabilities.Ifwe8.________(expose)tothenaturalelements,thenournegativefeelingsgetalmostimmediatelyreplacedwithpositiveemotions.Admittedly,eco­therapywon'tcureeverything,butitis9.________optionfortherapiststouse.Andaswebecome10.________(aware)ofthecausesandeffectsofmentalhealth,it'sbetterknownthathelpmightlieoutsideourtownsandcities,andthatnaturecangiveusahelpinghand.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。身处绿色的开放空间可以帮助人们放松、减压。在与自然接触的过程中，人们发现了一种可以帮助治疗心理疾病的特殊疗法——自然生态疗法，文章主要讲述了什么是自然生态疗法及其对人的好处。1.Whether考查固定搭配。whether...or...为固定用法，意为“无论是……还是……”。故填Whether。2.totreat考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填totreat。3.anxiety考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词与depression和stress并列，都是介词from的宾语，应填anxious的名词形式。故填anxiety。4.definitely考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处是副词作状语修饰谓语动词lifts。故填definitely。5.with考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处表示人与自然的关系。故填with。6.hugging考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，此处的“huggingatree”与“doingyogainaforest,gardening”是并列关系，都是举例的一部分。故填hugging。7.benefits考查名词的单复数。根据后面的“includingimprovingsocialcontact,socialandworkskillsandcopingabilities”可知，绿色疗法的好处有很多，应用复数形式。故填benefits。8.areexposed考查动词的被动语态。beexposedto...为固定短语，意为“与……接触；暴露于……”。故填areexposed。9.an考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处的option是可数名词，在本句中表示泛指“一种选择”，且以元音音素开头，故填an。10.moreaware考查形容词的比较级。根据下文中的“it'sbetterknownthathelpmightlieoutsideourtownsandcities,andthatnaturecangiveusahelpinghand”可知，此处应用比较级，表示与过去情况的对比。故填moreaware。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.那个女孩倾听着，一动也不动，好像已经变成了石头似的。(asif/though引导的状语从句)Thegirllistenedandsatstill,asif/thoughshehadbeenturnedintoastone．2.老师坚决认为我们应该通过写日记来提高我们的英语表达能力。(insistthat...)Theteacherinsiststhatwe(should)keepadiarytoimproveourabilityofexpressingourselvesinEnglish.3.他起得很早以便能赶上早班公交车。(sothat引导目的状语从句)Hegotupveryearlysothathecouldcatchupwiththeearlybus．4.他回到家里，又饿又累。(形容词短语作状语)Hearrivedhome,hungryandtired．B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解Manyofusthinkwronglythatthemoondoesn'tchange.Forexample,theTangDynastypoetZhangRuoxuoncewrotethat“Generationshavecomeandpassedaway.Fromyeartoyearthemoonslookalike,oldandnew.”However,anewstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeoscienceshowsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime.Forthestudy,agroupofUSscientistsexaminedandanalysedthousandsofphotographstakenbyNASA'sLunarReconnaissanceOrbiterCamera(月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机).Theyfoundthattherewerelotsoffaults(断层)onthesurfaceofthemoon.Thesefaultswereformedbyrecentmovementsonthemoon.AccordingtoNASA,themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore.Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwasborn.Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergyandcooleddown.Thenitbegantoshrink,inawaycomparabletotheshrinkingofagrapeintoaraisin(葡萄干).Overthepastseveralhundredmillionyears,ithasbecome46metres“skinnier”.Butduetoitshardandrockycrust(外壳),themoon'ssurfacecontinuestopushup.“SomeofthesequakescanbefairlystrongaroundfiveontheRichterscale(里氏震级)，”saidThomasWatters,aseniorscientistattheSmithsonian'sNationalAirandSpaceMuseumintheUS.Butdoesthatmeanthemoonisadangerousplacethathumansshouldn'ttrytoexploreandliveoninthefuture?Maybenot,reportedTheTelegraph.“Thisisn'tanythingtoworryabout.Themoonmaybeshrinking,butnotbymuch.It'snotgoinganywhere，”Watterscomfortedus.Thenewdiscoveryprovesthattheideathatthemoonisadead,boringplaceiswrong.“Wehavebeentothemoonandwe'vedonesomegreatscience,butthereisstillalotwedon'tknow.Themoonisshrinking—wedidn'treallyrealisethatuntilrecently.It'samuchmoreactiveandinterestingplacethanwethoughtandweshouldexplorethat，”NASAscientistNathanWilliamssaid.1.Whichpointofviewaboutthemoonmaythewriteragreewith?A.Itstaysthesameasbefore.B.Itisbecominglightlysmaller.C.Itisgettingolderandolder.D.Ithaspassedaway.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemoonfromthethirdparagraph?A.Ithasbecome46metresfatterduetoexpanding.B.Ithaschangedfromagrapeintoaraisininrecentyears.C.ItquakesevenatsevenontheRichterscale.D.Ithasahotcoreandreleasesenergyduringexpanding.3.Whothinksthatweneedn'tworryaboutthemoon?A.ZhangRuoxu.B.ThomasWatters.C.NathanWilliams.D.Thejournalist.4.WhatdoesNathanWilliamsthinkofthemoon?A.Itisadeadandboringplace.B.Ithaslotsoffaultsonthesurface.C.Itisvaluabletodomorescience.D.Itisn'taplacewherewecanlive.【语篇解读】文章介绍了发表在《自然·地球科学》杂志上的一项新研究，该研究表明月球实际上正随着时间的推移而慢慢缩小。而美国国家航空航天博物馆的资深科学家却认为我们并不需要为这一发现担心。1.B推理判断题。根据第一段及第二段第一句“However,anewstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeoscienceshowsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime.”可知，我们都错误地认为月球不会发生变化。而发表在《自然·地球科学》杂志上的一项新研究表明，月球实际上正随着时间的推移而慢慢缩小。因此，作者可能会同意月球正在变得越来越小这一观点。2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AccordingtoNASA,themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore.Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwasborn.Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergyandcooleddown.”可知，月球有一个热的内核，且在膨胀的过程中释放能量。3.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Thisisn'tanythingtoworryabout.Themoonmaybeshrinking,butnotbymuch.It'snotgoinganywhere，’Watterscomfortedus.”可知，托马斯·沃特斯认为我们不必为月球而担心。4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘Wehavebeentothemoonandwe'vedonesomegreatscience,butthereisstillalotwedon'tknow.Themoonisshrinking—wedidn'treallyrealisethatuntilrecently.It'samuchmoreactiveandinterestingplacethanwethoughtandweshouldexplorethat，’NASAscientistNathanWilliamssaid.”可知，内森·威廉姆斯认为对月球做更多的科学研究是有价值的。Ⅱ.阅读七选五LifeinDeathValleyDeathValleyisahugeplace,extendingmorethan225kilometresacrossthesouthernpartofCaliforniaintotheneighbouringstateofNevada.Asbeautifulasthisplaceis,itsnameprovidesevidenceofveryrealdanger.1Ithasnearly1.4millionhectaresofdesertandmountainsthatreachmorethan3，000metresintothesky.DeathValleycanbedangerouslycoldduringthewintermonths.Stormsinthemountainscancausesuddenfloodsonthefloorofthevalley.But,duringsummermonths,theairtemperaturehasbeenashighas57degreesCelsius.2TheextremeheatofDeathValleyhasoncekilledpeople.InmanyareasofDeathValley,itiseasytoseewherethegroundhasbeenpushedupviolentlybymovementdeepintheEarth.Thishascreatedunusualandbeautifulrockformations,withcoloursofred,brown,gray,yellowandblack.InotherpartsofDeathValley,therearelinesintherock.Thelinesareevidenceofthepastpresenceofwater.3MuchofDeathValleyisflatandextremelydry.Insomeareasthegroundisnothingbutsalt.However,itwouldbewrongtothinkthatnothinglivesinDeathValley.4Wildflowersgrowveryquicklyafterevenasmallamountofrain.SeveralkindsofbirdsliveinDeathValley.Visitorsmightseethedog­likeanimalcalledthecoyote,orwildbighornsheep,orotheranimalslikethedeserttortoise.Throughouthistory,NativeAmericansfoundwaystosurviveinDeathValley.Rockartandotherremainsshowthathumanslivedinthevalleyasfarbackas9，000yearsago.Nowadays,morethanonemillionpeoplevisititeachyear.5Thesunslowlyturnsthevalleyagoldcolourthatdeepenstoasoftbrown,thenchangestoadarkred.Asnightcomes,themountainsturnadarkpurplecolour,thenblack.A.Thevalleyisfulloflife.B.Thesettingsunisvisitors'favourite.C.Imageshereseemtochangeeachminute.D.DeathValleyisaplaceofstrangeandsilentbeauty.E.DeathValleydoesn'tforgivethosewhoarenotcareful.F.DeathValleyisalandofbeautifulyetdangerousextremes.G.Theareawasdeepunderanoceanformanythousandsofyears.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。死亡谷是一个巨大的地方，从加州南部延伸到邻近的内华达州，全长超过225公里。尽管这个地方很美，但它的名字却证明了它的危险性。文章主要介绍了死亡谷的情况，包括极端气候、地势等。1.F根据下文“Ithasnearly1.4millionhectaresofdesertandmountainsthatreachmorethan3，000metresintothesky.DeathValleycanbedangerouslycoldduringthewintermonths.Stormsinthemountainscancausesuddenfloodsonthefloorofthevalley.”可知，死亡谷是个危险的极端之地。故选F。2.E根据下文“TheextremeheatofDeathValleyhasoncekilledpeople.”可知，进入死亡谷的人如果不小心可能就会死在那里。故选E。3.G根据上文“InotherpartsofDeathValley,therearelinesintherock.Thelinesareevidenceofthepastpresenceofwater.”可知，这些线条表明死亡谷曾深埋海底。故选G。4.A根据下文“Wildflowersgrowveryquicklyafterevenasmallamountofrain.SeveralkindsofbirdsliveinDeathValley.Visitorsmightseethedog­likeanimalcalledthecoyote,orwildbighornsheep,orotheranimalslikethedeserttortoise.”可知，死亡谷里也有生机。故选A。5.C根据下文“Thesunslowlyturnsthevalleyagoldcolourthatdeepenstoasoftbrown,thenchangestoadarkred.Asnightcomes,themountainsturnadarkpurplecolour,thenblack.”可知，死亡谷中的景色变化多端。故选C。Ⅲ.应用文写作假定你是李华，作为交换生(anexchangestudent)正在英国WindmillCollege学习。今天早晨你骑车上学时不小心刮擦到了一辆停在路边的汽车。由于急着上学，你无法在原地等候车主。请留一张便条，内容包括：1.表明身份；2.简述事情经过；3.道歉并表示愿意赔偿；4.联系方式(Tel：589­3671Email:lihua@)。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】DearSir/Madam，I'mLiHua,anexchangestudentfromChinastudyingatWindmillCollege.I'mtrulysorrythatmybikescratchedyourcarwhenIwasridingtoschoolthismorning.Iunderstanditwillcertainlyputyouinaverybadmood.IsincerelyapologiseforwhatIdidandpromiseIwillcoveralltherelevantcosts.Asschoolwillstartsoon,Ican'twaitonthesceneforyou.Pleasecontactmeat589­3671orlihua@windmillco.Bestregards，LiHuaⅣ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Growingup,wedidn'thavemuchmoney.Actually,wehadverylittle.Welivedinasmallhousewithholesinthefloor.Weworeoldclothesandhadlittlefood.Withthreelittlemouthstofeed,mydaddyworkedasagatekeeperinamiddleschoolandthenfarmedourownsmallfielduntildark.Daddyprovidedthebesthecouldforusandmummadeourclothesonheroldsewingmachine.Wecouldhaveeasilyappliedforwelfare,butmyparentswouldn'tthinkofit.Ourfamilywasfullofloveandproudofhardwork.ThenIwasinthethirdgrade,inMrsHarper'sclass.Oneday,MrsHarperbroughtahugeboxoftoystoschooltogiveto“poor”children.Everyonewasinvitedtobringsomeofhisorherowntoysfromhometoputinthebox.Needlesstosay,Ihadhardlyanytoysofmyowntooffer.MyeyesgotbigthenextdaywhenIlookedintothatbox.Itwaslikeadreamworldtome—somanycolourfultoys!Clearly,MrsHarpersawthecuriouslookonmyface,andalthoughIneveraskedwithasmile,sheletmepickouttwotoysformyselffromthebox.IwassothankfulandthoughtthatIwastheluckiestgirlinthewholeworld!WhenIgothome,Icouldn'twaittoshowmumwhatIbroughtfromtheschool.SheadmiredthetoysandaskedwhereIgotthem.ItoldherabouttheboxforthepoorchildrenandthatMrsHarperhadletmepicktwotoysfromthebox！Mumthoughtforafewsecondsandsaidinaverysweetway,“No...no,youcan't