山东省烟台市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题

2021－2022学年度第一学期期末学业水平诊断高三英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHerearefourbeachdestinationsforyoutotakeauniquevacationinthesunshine.Zanzibar,TanzaniaWhetheryou’rediningatrestaurantsdirectlyonthesandorlisteningtolivemusic,theislandsof

Zanzibararerichwithculture.TheStoneTownfeaturesnarrowstonestreetsmeantforbicycles.It’sagreatplacetobuyproduceandcreativegoodswhiletakingintheArabianarchitecture.Youcansailintothesunonwoodenboats,doyogaonthewhitesandorgodiving.

Sardinia,ItalySardinia

iswellknownforitsnaturalsettings—mainlythebeachesandthevolcanicMonteUrtigu.Withboattours,hiddenbeachesandvalleyadventuresfeaturingflowingwaterfalls,wateractivitiesareeverywhere.Buttheislandhasplentyofotherexperiencesaswell.Gowinetasting,learntobakebreadortakeahistoricaltouroflocalarcheological(考古)sites.Bodrum,TurkeyForatrulyuniquebeachexperience,visitBodruminTurkey.Theancientcityishometohistoricbaths,hotsprings,ancientruinsandunderwaterarcheologymuseums.Thisareaisalsoidealforraftingtrips,seafishingandmore.Thereisalsoalotofwildlifelivingontheislandandinitssurroundingwaters.Tenerife,SpainTenerife

isbigonwatersportsandadventures,offeringthingslikejetskiing,sailinganddivingwithdolphins.Thisarea

ishometovariousmuseumsliketheMuseoMunicipalandthelocalmuseumofnaturalhistory.Don’tforgettovisitthelocaltemples,ruinsandgardens.

1.WhatmakesZanzibarspecial?A.Itshotsprings. B.Itsstonestreets.C.Itshistoricalruins. D.Itsopen-airconcerts.2.WhatcanatouristdoinBodrum?A.Visitthevolcano. B.Exploreunderwatermuseums. C.Enjoythelocalwine. D.Experiencevalleyadventures. 3.Ifyouenjoydivingwithseaanimals,whichisthebestchoice?A.Zanzibar. B.Sardinia. C.Bodrum. D.Tenerife.BIt’sasunnyafternoonattheBronxZoo,inNewYorkCity.ChildrenareexcitedasafemaleAsianelephantnamedHappycomesintoview.Wavingherearsfromsidetosideandwrappinghertrunkaroundthefenceleisurely,Happyseemstobelivingahappylife.TheBronxZooisoneofabout60zoosintheU.S.whereyoucanseeanelephant.WiththenumberofAsianelephantsdecliningeveryyear—onlyabout50,000areleftinthewild—azoomightbetheonlychanceanyofuswillevergettoseeone.ButtheNonhumanRightsProject(NhRP),ananimal-rightsgroup,saysHappyislonely.AfenceseparatesherfromPatty,anotherelephant.Contactthroughafenceisn’tenough,theNhRPsays.Stevenisthegroup’spresident.“WeunderstandwhatHappy’slifemeanstoher,”hesays,“whichisalmostnothingatall.”SotheNhRPistakingtheBronxZootocourt.ThegroupsaysHappyshouldbemovedtoa

protectedarea

whereshecanhavespacetohangaboutandinteractwithotherelephants.TheNhRP’scaseagainsttheBronxZooisthefirstofitskindintheU.S.Thegroupisrelyingonalegalordermeantforhumans.Itsaysapersonwhohasbeenunlawfullyimprisonedmustbereleased.TheNhRPwillargueincourtthatHappyshouldhavethatsameright.Expertssayelephantsareintelligentandthrive(繁荣)whentheyformsocialtiesinthewild.JoycePoolestudiestheminAfrica.Shethinkskeepingelephantsinacityis“arecipefordisaster”.“Asyoucanimagine,ifyouwerelockedbehindbarsandlostfreedom,wouldtherebemuchyoucoulddo?”shesays.ButtheBronxZooinsiststhatHappyiswellcaredforaccordingtoanimalprotectionlaws.Besides,somepeopleclaimremovinganimalslikeHappyfromzooswouldbeamistakebecausezoosreachmorepeoplethananyothergroupinvolvedwith

conservation.Theybelieveifthere’satimewhenchildrencannolongervisitzoostogrowupwithaconnectiontotheanimals,it’llcomeatagreatcost.4.Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphsmainlytellus?A.Asianelephantsarebecomingextinct.B.Zoosallowpeopletobondwithwildanimals.C.ZoosarethesafestshelterforAsianelephants.D.Theelephantsinzoosaredisturbedbyvisitors.5.WhyistheNhRPtakingtheBronxZootocourt?A.Thezoobreaksanimalprotectionlaws.B.TheyfindHappyissufferingfromillhealth.C.TheythinkthezoorestrictsHappy’sfreedom.D.Thezoofailstomeetthevisitors’requirements.6.WhatisJoyce’sattitudetokeepingelephantsinacity?A.Opposed. B.Uncaring.C.Supportive. D.Cautious.7.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.ThecourtwillstandbytheBronxZoo.B.Childrenwillhavelessaccesstonature.C.Morewildanimalswillbereleasedfromzoos.D.ItwillbechallengingfortheNhRPtowinthecase.CTofightagainsttheballooningwaistlinesamongpeople,severalU.S.citieshaveinstitutedtaxesondrinkswithaddedsugaraimingtoreduceconsumption,butnewresearchsuggeststhesepoliciescurrentlyhaveonefundamentalflaw.Thestudyfoundsugarydrinktaxesonlyreducepurchasingifpricetags(标签)atstoresmentionconsumersarepayingthattaxwhentheybuythedrink.TheresearchincludedafieldstudyattwoconveniencestoresinSanFrancisco,whichcurrentlyhasataxonsugarydrinksof1centperounce.Researchersvariedthepricetagsplacedonthesugarydrinksovertheeight-weekstudy:onetagthatsimplysaidthepriceforthe12-ouncedrink($1.52)andonethathadthepriceandthemessage“IncludesSFSugaryDrinkTax”.Allnon-sugarydrinks,whichweren’tsubjecttothetax,simplyhadthepriceofthedrink($1.40).Theresearcherscomparedsalesofthedrinksduringthestudyperiodtothetwoweeksbeforethestudybeganwhenthesugarydrinktaxwasineffectbuttherewerenopricetagsonanydrinks.Resultsshowedsalesofsugarydrinksweren’tlowerduringthetwoweeks,comparedtosalesbeforethetax,indicatingthetaxitselfdidn’treducepurchasesofsugarydrinks.Theresearchersthenlookedattheeffectsofthetwodifferentpricetags.Resultsshowedtheshareofsugarydrinkspurchasedwhenthetagssimplyshowedthepricewasn’tsignificantlydifferentfromthetwo-weekperiodbeforethestudy,butdiddeclineslightlywhenthetagsmentionedthepriceincludedtheaddedtax.Inaseparateonlinestudy,theresearchersaskedparticipantstoestimatewhatthetaxwouldbeonacanoftheirfavoritedrinkthatcost$1.52.Theaverageestimatewas40cents―muchhigherthanthe12centsactuallydemandedinSanFrancisco.Whentoldthetaxwasonly12cents,theyreportedthey’dstillpurchasethedrink.Thefindingssuggestpricetagsshouldmentionthetaxbutnottheamount,forconsumerstendtooverestimatehowmuchthetaxis.“Ifcitieswantthesepoliciestobeeffective,theyneedtoregulatehowsugarydrinksarelabeledatstoresandtheycurrentlydon’tdothat,”saidDonnelly,leadauthorofthestudy.8.What

does

the

underlined

word

“flaw”

meanin

the

first

paragraph?A.Weakness. B.

Solution. C.

Imbalance. D.Evidence. 9.Whatkindofpricetagsmaydiscouragecustomersfrombuyingsugarydrinks?A.Pricetagsbearingsugarcontent.B.Pricetagswiththeexacttaxonthem.C.Pricetagssayingaddedtaxincluded.D.Pricetagsjustshowingthetotalprice.10.Which

of

the

following

may

be

Donnelly’s

suggestion?A.Stores

label

sugary

drinks

at

will.B.Cancel

sugary

drink

taxes

at

once.C.Publicize

theimpactsofsugary

drinks.D.Cities

urge

stores

to

use

proper

price

tags.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewWaytoPreventFatnessB.EatingHabitsandFoodConsumptionC.SugaryDrinkTaxesAren’tWorkingWellD.Non-sugaryDrinkersBenefitfromNewPoliciesDFromayoungage,manyofuslearnthebenefitsofbeinganextrovert—thoseindividualswhoalwaysseemtobethelifeandsouloftheparty,often

outspoken

andabletoexpresstheiropinionsfluently.However,notallofusarewiredthatway—soisbeinganextrovertreallybetter?Whilethinkingofanextrovert,weimagineacharacterwhoisdetermined,approachable,cheerfulandcharming.Wearetaughttoadmirethese

personalities

earlyon.Kidsareoftenencouragedto

interact,playand

communicate

withotherchildren.Itseemsattimesasthoughchildrenaremadetohaveamore

outgoing

lifestyle,withsomepeoplebecomingfalseextroverts—introvertswho

copy

extrovertbehavior.Whileexternallytheymayseemtoenjoythecompanyofothers,orbeinginthecenterofpublicattention,theycanstillbecome

over-extended

inintensesocialsituations.

So,whilethepositiveaspectsofbeinganextrovertareplaintosee,whatarethebenefitsofintroversion?Althoughextrovertsdependonsocialinteraction,introvertsaremorecomfortablewithlevelsofisolation(隔离).AccordingtoDrBerit,acollegeprofessor,extremeisolation,suchastimeslikethelockdown,doesnotaffectintrovertsasmuchasextroverts.Lackofsocialcontact,somethingextrovertsrelyon,canleadtodepression,loneliness,andevendeath.Butit’snotjustinanextremesituationthatanintrovertshinesthrough.Thesepeopleseemtohavemoretimefor

deepthought

andthuscanbecomemorebalanced.Theyalsotendtobegoodlistenersandthinkbeforetheyspeak,meaningtheycouldbecomegreatfriends.Finally,introvertsareoftenfantasticobservers,assittingoutofthefocuscangivethemmoretimetowatchthebehaviorofothers.So,whateveryourpersonality,eitherintrovertorextrovert,thereareclearadvantagestobeingeither,andifyoumeetanintrovert,youmightjustendupwithanamazingfriend.12.Whatisadistinctivecharacteristicofanextrovert?A.Intelligent. B.Considerate. C.Sociable. D.Responsible.13.WhichstatementistrueaccordingtoDrBerit?A.Introvertsshouldlearnfromextroverts.B.Extrovertstendtobecomebetterfriends.C.Introvertspreferstayingcutofffromothers.D.Extrovertsfindit

tougher

to

handle

isolation.

14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellus?A.Theinfluenceofintroverts.B.Thestrengthsofbeingintroverts.C.Thecausesofintroverts’behavior. D.Thepersonalitiesoffalseintroverts. 15.What’s

the

purpose

of

the

text?A.To

state

a

viewpoint.

B.To

advocate

alifestyle.C.To

introduceatechnique. D.To

describe

a

phenomenon.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Childrenarenaturally

curious

beings.16Teachersandparentsoftenfindthemselvesmakinguseof

rewardsintheformofstars,promisesofhighgradesandwonderfulcareers,orthreatsofpunishment.Butwhatifrewardsandthreatsaren’ttheanswer?Naturalcuriosityissometimesreferredtoas“inner

motivation”.17Andit’seasytounderstandwhy—it’shardtostudysomethingwearen’tactivelyengagedwith,andifwe’repassionateaboutthe

information

we’re

digesting,itfeelsmorefulfilling.External

motivation,thingslikerewardsandpunishment,doeshaveitsusestoo.

Praise

andstimulationbasedonachievinggoodgradesorfearof

punishment

hasbeenacknowledgedtomotivateolderstudents.18So,ifit’sthecasethatnaturalcuriosityismotivationforbetterlearning,howcanwestimulatethatinterest?19Letchildrenseetheirlearningastheir

ownthingandgivethemabitmorechoiceofwhatandhowtheylearn.Forexample,ifyouwanttoteachchildrentoread,letthemchoosewhichbooktheyuse.Whetherit’sagraphic(连环画)novel,TVguideorclassicliterature,theaimofstimulatingtheir

appetite

forreadingisachieved.Likewise,buildarelationshipwithchildrenaslearnersandlistentotheirnegativefeelings.Iftheyareunwillingtogetinvolvedinanactivity,don’trushtousethreatsorrewards.Trytofindoutwhy.Perhapsit’ssimplybecausetheyfeeltheactivityboring.20Allinall,theanswertomotivatingchildren,especiallytheyoungones,comesfrominspiringtheirinnermotivation.Oncetheirinnermotivationisgenerated,thechildrenwillbefiredup.A.Thekeyistoallowsome

degree

of

freedom.B.Childrenwhoseelearningasfunarebetteratit.C.Itdoesn’thaveasmucheffectatanearlyage,though.D.Thenexplainitsvalue,evenifitdoesn’tseemappealing.E.It’sunapparentwhethertheylackinnerorexternalmotivation.F.Eventopstudentshavedayswhentheyaren’tmotivatedforlearning.

G.Butgettingthemtostudywhattheyaren’tinterestedincanbeatricky

task.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheCOVID-19distances

peoplefromeachother.However,italso21friendshipsbetweenpeoplewhowouldhaveotherwiseneverbecomefriends.Inthecaseof92-year-oldMary,thatfriendhappenstobehertwo-year-oldneighbor,Ben.The

lockdown

in2020wasparticularly22forMary,whohasbeenliving23.Withnobodyaroundher,shehadtospendmostofhertimewatchingTV.Benwasalso24athome,unabletoplaywithotherkids.Theirunusualfriendshipdeveloped25.Atfirst,Marywould26atBenfromherwindowwhenevershesawtheboyintheyard.Then,shebegan

going

outsideto27himinperson.The28eventually

expanded

todailygatheringsbythefencethatseparatedthetwohomes.Thepaireveninventedasociallydistanced29thatMarycalled“stickball”.BenthrewhisballtowardsthefenceandMarygotherwalkingstick,30overthefenceandhittheballback.Whenthetwowereunabletomeetintheyardinbadweather,Ben’smotherkeptthefriendship31by

callingatMary’sporch(门廊)withthebaby.Thebondhas

blossomed

evenfurthersinceMarygotvaccinated(打疫苗)earlierthisyear.Mary32Benwithacolorfultoytruckcollectionthathadoncebelongedtohergrandson.Theboyreturnedthe33withagiftofhisown—apileofsandthathecarefullycarriedinhissmallhandsanddroppedatherdoor.Nowthepairareoftenseenhigh-fivingacrossthefenceorsittingoutsideMary’shouse,blowingbubbles(泡泡).Whata34scene!Friendshipreallyknowsno35.21.A.drawson B.wearsout C.bringsback D.resultsin22.A.dangerous B.hard C.unfair D.strange23.A.well B.out C.alone D.nearby24.A.stuck B.locked C.left D.deserted25.A.suddenly B.gradually C.secretly D.randomly26.A.stare B.point C.wave D.shout27.A.hug B.contact C. welcome D.greet28.A.routine B.tradition C.appointment D.exercise29.A.device B.game C.rule D.concept30.A.jumped B.turned C.reached D.knocked31.A.pure B.precious C.alive D.formal32.A.gifted B.reminded C.convinced D.guided33.A.trust B.service C.company D.favor34.A.heart-warming B.bitter-sweet C.familiar-looking D.hard-won35.A.backgrounds B.boundaries C.strategies D.consequences第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheJiangsucountrysidestretchingbetweenthecitiesofSuzhouandShanghaiishometoalotofsmallbeautifulwatertowns,manyofwhich36(locate)alongtheGrandCanal,anartificialcanalconnectingHangzhoutoBeijingwiththeaimofbringingsuppliesofgoodstotheimperialcapital.OneofthesetownsisTongli,whichiseasily

37(access)

totouristsfromthenearbycityofSuzhou.38(build)intheSongDynasty,thetownofferspleasantviewsandlandscapesoftraditionalChina,characterizedbypicturesquecanalscrossedbyarchbridgesandwhitewashedhousesthatoverlookthewater.Walkingalongthenarrowalleys(巷),youcanadmire39interestingnumberofwell-preservedtraditionalhouses,templesandgardens.Theatmosphereis40(exceptional)peacefulcomparedtomostpopularsitesthatareruinedbymasstourismandcommercialization.Yes,Tongliishometoagreatmanysouvenirshopsandlocalproducts,butwhatamazedmecommercialactivitiesandlocallife.Soinspiteofits43(popular),Tonglimaintainsaquiet,laid-backfeeling,makingitanidealdestinationforvisitorswhoseekpeaceandleisure.I44(take)scoresofpictureswhiletouringTongli,whichIhopemayinspiretravelerstoaddthisprettywatertowntotheirtrips.MyimpressionofTongliissopositivethatI’vebeenmeaning45(go)backwithmyfamilyfortheirfirstvisittoChina.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，得知你的留学生朋友Peter准备写一份中国乡村生活报告。请给他写一封邮件，邀请他寒假到你的家乡体验生活，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.体验内容及意义；3.表达希望。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearPeter,DearPeter,Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）TALKTOMEMomwashavingasurgeryonherthroat.Shehadlostherv