小升初情态动词与时态

小升初情态动词与时态小升初情态动词与时态小升初情态动词与时态小升初情态动词与时态编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:2014年小升初英语---情态动词&时态一、情态动词的定义：情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化；它的后面必须跟动词原形。二、情态动词的种类：情态动词词义否定形式词义can能够，会can’t不能，不会could能够，会couldn’t不能，不会may可以／／must必须mustn’t不允许，不能shall将，要／／should应该shouldn’t不应该need需要needn’t不必would将会，愿wouldn’t不会，不愿三、情态动词的用法及主要句型：1、CanIhelpyou——Yes,please./No,thanks.2、Can+主语+动词原形Yes,～can.No,～can’t.3、CanIborrowyourbook----Yes,ofcourse.4、CanIwriteonthebook------No,youcan’t\mustn’t.5、Could\Canyouhelpme----Yes,ofcourse.\Certainly.\Sure.6、Could\CanyoutellmethewaytotheZoo7、MayIcomein-----Comein,please.8、MayIsithere-----Yes,please.\Sorry,pleasedon’t.9、MayIhavesomeCoke----Yes,ofcourse.10、May/Could/CanIspeaktoTom-----Speaking.Who’scalling11、should、shouldn’t表示劝告：1)Heshouldgetupearly.2)Sheshouldn’tplaycomputergametoomuch.12、Should+主语+动词原形Yes,～should.\No,～shouldn’t.13、表示建议“你愿意…吗”

Wouldyouliketogoshoppingwithme-----Yes,I’dloveto./I’dloveto.ButI’mbusynow.14、就餐用语Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat\drink----Yes,I’dlike…15、shall用于第一人称(I,we),可以表示“将”和表示建议“……好吗”

1)Whereshallwehavedinner2)Shallwegofishing-----Allright.\OK.\Goodidea.16、Must+主语+动词原形---Yes,～must.\No,～needn’t.【牛刀小试】

(一)用适当的情态动词填空。

1.MustIborrowthebookwithmyIDcardNo,you________.

2.________IuseyourcarYes,you________.

3.________IgohomenowNo,you_________stayhere.

4.

Mymotherisill.I_________stayathomeandlookafterher.

5.

________youlikesometea？

6.You________takemoreexercise.

7.________youtellmehowtogettotheQingyunPark

8.Theclock________tellusthetime.

(二)按要求改写句子。

1.

Icanrunfast.I________________fast.(否定句)

2.

Youmustreturnthebooknow.（一般疑问句）

________IreturnthebooknowNo,you________.

3.

Hecanplaybasketballwell.（一般疑问句）_______he______basketballwell？

4.

Theymusttakethebooksoutoftheroom.（否定句）

They________________thebooksoutoftheroom.

5.

Heshouldgetupearly.

(否定句)He_______getuplate.(三)单项选择。

（）1.

youlikesomemilkA.

WouldB.

CouldC.

Can

（）2.

Wepicktheflowerinthepark.A.

can’tB.

don'tC.

mustn’t

()

eshouldmoretrees,andweshouldn’tcutanytrees.

A.

plantB.

plantingC.

plants

()Ihavesomecoffee,youhave.

B.

Yes,youcan.

C.

Yes,certainly.

()wevisitthefactory

,wedo.,weshall.

right.

()youlikesomethingtoeat

,wewould.,I’dlikesomecakes.,ofcourse.

()canIdoforyou

,youcan.,Icandoit.C.’dlikesomeoranges.小升初时态归纳总结四、历年真题（大小联盟06年—13年）1.--_______Ihavealookatthepicture

--Yes,you________.

A.Can,must

B.Can,many

C.May,can

D.Must,must2.Ifyou_________workhard,you_________passtheexam.

A.won’t,won’t

B.won’t,can’t

C.don’t,don’t

D.don’t,won’t3.MustIborrowthebookwithanIDcardNo,you

mustn’t

B.needn’t

C.shouldn’tD.can’t

4.It’s

cold

in

the

room.________

I

close

the

window,Mum

—Yes,youmay.

A.Can

B.May

C.Must

’t

5._________youfinishyourcompositionintime---Iamafraid_________.A.Can;notB.May;mustn’tC.Must;needn’tD.Can;can’t6.Theywillwinthematch,＿A.aren’tB.shalltheyC.willtheyD.won’tthey7.Stoptalking!Youmakenoisesinthelibrary.Wekeepquite.A.can’t;mustB.mustn’t;shouldC.shouldn’t;canD.can’t;shouldIhavealookatyournewwatch

--Ofcourseyou________.A.can

B.must

C.will

D.would考点分析小升初主要考察的几种时态：【1】一般现在时。主要考察单三时候的动词变化。一般是动词加s或es或变y为i+es。

【2】现在进行时。主语+am/is/are+动词ing。一般会有如now、look等明显的时间标志词语。

【3】一般将来时。主语+am/is/are+goingto+动词原形。或者主语+shall/will+动词原形。

一般会有tomorrow、nextweek，nextyear等等时间标志。

【4】一般过去时，也就是主语+过去式。这个需要对动词的过去式非常熟悉。

一般会有yesterday,lastweek,lastyear等等时间标志。总体来说这个考点的考题不会太难、理解每种时态的概念表意、记住各种时态动词的变化规律以及每种时态对应的时间状语、多做一些辅导练习，这个考点的分数中等成绩的学生一般都能拿到。考点分值及题型分析时态在小升初的考试当中占的比例不是很多、分数大概在10—15分之间，考的题型也多以单选题和完形填空为主。一般是时态和动词一起考。Eg：Thelittlegirl_____anewdress.Shelooksbeautiful.A.isputtingonB.putsonC.wearsD.iswearing分析：动词wear与puton的区别和现在进行时的用法一起考，二、小学英语四种时态的比较。知识梳理-----比较四种时态的用法时态时态定义构成形式时间状语标志一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性、规律性的动作Be动词is\am\areoften\sometimes\always\everyyear\seldom\onceaweek行为动词Leave\get\open\take\start\close等现在进行时表示说话的此时此刻正在发生的动作主语+be+V-ingnow\atparent\atthismoment\thesedays一般将来时表示打算、计划要做的动作或事件。主语+will\shall+V-原形Nexttime\tomorrow\thisafternoon\soon\inthefuture…主语+begoingtoV-原形一般过去时表示过去某一时间发生的动作、事情主语+V-过去式yesterday\justnow\atthattime\theotherday…三、动词的变化规则。一般现在时主语为第三人称单数时，动词的形式动词现在分词动词过去式一般情况下，在动词原形后面加s.如：plays、gets…2)以o,sh,ch结尾的动词加es.如does、goes、washes、watches、catches3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，将y改成i后再加es.如fly—fliesstudy—studiescarry—carries.4）特殊情况：have---has一般情况下，在动词原形后面加ing.如：playing、reading…以不发音e结尾的动词,去e加ing.如：make—makingtake—takinghave—having以“重读闭音节，辅音+元音+辅音”结尾的动词，双写最后一个字母加ing.如：run-running,swim--swimming4）注意：以y结尾的动词变为现在分词，y不需要改变，直接加ing.如：playing一般情况下，动词原形后加ed.如：cooked.以不发音e结尾的动词加d.如：lived、phoned.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,将y改成i后再加ed.如：study—studiedfly—flied、try---triedcarry---carried.以重读闭音节(辅音+元音+辅音)结尾的动词，双写最后一个字母加ed.如：skipped、shopped不规则变化：第八册课本第90页表格四、具体讲解一般现在时用法：（1）现阶段经常性、习惯性动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：often,always,sometimes,usually,never,everyday,everyyear,onSundays,twiceayear如：Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.（2）目前的状态；如：Guangzhouis2313kilometresawayfromBeijing.（3）客观真理；如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.（4）在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，一般现在时代替一般将来时。（主将从现）

如：I'llhelpyouassoonasyouhaveproblem构成：主语是第三人称单数时，作谓语的行为动词要加词尾-s(-es)，其他人称和数用动词原形。一般现在时中第三人称单数作主语时，谓语动词的变化规则：一般情况下，直接加s。如:get---gets以o、sh、ch结尾的动词，加es。如:do---does辅音字母加y结尾，改y为i，加es。如:study---studies元音字母加y结尾，直接加s。如:enjoy---enjoys否定句：I/you/we/they/he/she+donot+动词原形===Idon’t/youdon’t/wedon’t/theydon’t+动词原形he/she/it+doesnot+动词原形===hedoesn’t/shedoesn’t/itdoesn’t+动词原形如：Hedoesn’tpractiseEnglisheverymorning.Idon’tenjoyplayingbadmintoninwinter.疑问句中：须将助动词Do/Does提前到句首，其余不变例：DoyouworkasaccountantinLondonDoesshegotothecinemaonweekends轻松练一下写出下列动词在第三人称单数时的正确形式。dogowashcatch________swimhavemakewish________studyplaymovewrite_______二．按要求转换句子，每空一词。likesplayingchesswithhisfriends.(改为否定句)Tomplayingchesswithhisfriends.’sparentsoftengoforawalkintheevening.(改为一般疑问句并作出否定回答)Janet’sparentsoftenawalkaftersupper-No,.usuallywatchesTV.(改成一般疑问句)heusuallyhassomeredshirtsandgreenscarves.(变成否定句)Sheanyredshirtsandgreenscarves.现在进行时用法：（1）用来表示说话时正在进行或者发生的动作，例如：Motheriscookinginthekitchen.妈妈在厨房里煮饭。Whatareyoulookingat你在看什么（2）用来表示现阶段正在进行的动作（但说话时不一定在进行），例如：Isshewritinganovel她正在写一本小说吗（3）用来表示即将发生的动作，一般是指按计划或者安排好要发生的动作。适用于这种情况的动词主要有：go,come,leave,start,arrive等。例如:I’mgoinghomeinhalfanhour.我一个半小时内要回家。Thetrainisarrivingsoon.火车很快就要到达了。构成：由be(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式构成动词现在分词的构成规则1一般情况下直接加ingthink---thinkingsleep---sleepingstudy---studyingspeak---speakingsay---sayingcarry---carryingwake---waking2以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e，再加ingcome---comingmake---makingleave---leavinghave---havingtake---taking3以重读闭音节（重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音并且重读的音节）结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ingstop---stoppingsit---sittingrun---runningforget---forgettingbegin---beginning这类词还有：begin，cut,get,hit,run,set,sit,spit,stop,swim,beg,drop,fit,nod,dig,forget,regret,rid,等。4以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y，再加ingdie---dyinglie---lying现在进行时的句型变化肯定式结构：主语+be+动词-ing形式+其他.例如：Wearerunningnow.否定式结构：主语+be+not+动词-ing形式+其他.例如：Theyaren’tdoingtheirhomework.一般疑问句式结构：Be+主语+动词-ing形式+其他例如：IsshehavingEnglishlesson回答：肯定Yes,sheis.否定:No,sheisn’t.特殊疑问句式结构：疑问词+be+主语+其他例如:Whatishedoingnow回答：Heisswimming.轻松试一下写出下列动词的现在分词形式。goenjoyteacheat__________drawwalktakeget_________dancewriterunswim_______按要求改写句子。arehavinganEnglishclass.(改成一般疑问句)motheriscooking.(变成一般疑问句并且作肯定回答)iswatchingTV.(改成否定句)isreadingastorybook.(就划线部分提问)一般将来时一般将来时构成=1\*GB2⑴助动词will(shall)+动词原形=2\*GB2⑵be(am/is/are)+goingto+动词原形表意：=1\*GB3①将来发生的动作；=2\*GB3②将来存在的状态。用法：（1）一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。例如：Iwill(shall)arrivetomorrow.我明天到。（主语是第一人称时最好用shall）Willyoubefreetonight你今晚有空吗Wewon’t(shan’t)bebusythisevening.我们今晚不忙。（2）在一般将来时的句子中，有时有表示将来时间的状语，有时没有时间状语，这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。例如：Willshecome她（会）来吗（3）在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中，一般使用助动词shall，这时或是征求对方的意见，或是询问一个情况(b)：a.Whereshallwemeet我们在哪儿碰头b.Shallwehaveanyclassestomorrow明天我们有课吗在这类问句中，近几年来也有不少人用will，特别是在美国。例如：HowwillIgetthere我怎么去（4）begoingto+

动词原形a.表示计划、打算、准备做的事。例如：Wearegoingtoputupabuildinghere.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。Howareyougoingtospendyourholidays假期你准备怎样过b.表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。例如：Ithinkitisgoingtosnow.我看要下雪了。Theywill(aregoingto)meetoutsidetheschoolgatetomorrowafternoon.Ifhecomesback,I’lltellhimaboutit.(主将从现:在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般现在时来代替将来时)Iwillbe16yearsoldnextweek.否定句：在will后加not(缩写为won’t):Shewon’tgotoplaybasketball.一般疑问句：将will直接提到句首：Willshegotoplaybasketball回答：Yes,shewill./No,shewon’t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句：Whowillgotoplaybasketball常用时间状语:tomorrow,next，week,in2012,intwohours，soon,thisevening,thedayaftertomorrow轻松练一下根据中文意思，补充句子，每空填一词。我打算明天和朋友去看电影。Iwatchafilmwithmyfriendstomorrow.Iwatchafilmwithmyfriendstomorrow.你明天打算干什么呢我想去踢足球。---Whattomorrow---Iplayfootball.或者：---Whatyoudotomorrow---Iplayfootball.明天将要比今天冷。Tomorrowcolderthantoday.你们打算什么时候回广州WhenyoucomebacktoGuangzhou用动词的正确形式填空。1.Lily(sing)anEnglishsongforuslater.2.I(be)25yearsold10yearslater.3.Mymother(cook)somedeliciousfoodtomorrow.4.Summerholidayisyou(do)5.Mybagis(buy)anewonethisSaturday.6.I(write)aletterthisevening.7.They(have)apicnicintheparkthisweekend.8.We(visit)thehistorymuseumnextweek.9.He(make)akitethisSaturday.10.Myuncle(fly)toShanghaitomorrow.11.you(borrow)booksfromthelibrarytomorrow用英语表达下列句子。我打算明天去拜访我的爷爷奶奶。___________________________________________我的爸爸和我今天晚上将要看一场足球比赛。_________________________________小红将要去买一支钢笔。___________________________________________________你会来我的生日聚会吗__________________________________________________一般过去时表意：=1\*GB3①过去发生的动作；=2\*GB3②过去存在的状态。用法：一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生，也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般不强调动作的影响，只说明的事情。句式：主语+动词过去式+宾语+其它IhadawordwithJuliathismorning.今天早晨，我跟朱莉娅说了几句话。Hesmokedmanycigarettesadayuntilhegaveup.他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。(2)一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday,lastweek,inthepast,in1993,atthattime,once,duringthewar,before,afewdaysago,when等等.注意在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。Hewasdeadin1990.(4）表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。Theboyopenedhiseyesforamoment，lookedatthecaptain，andthendied.那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。（5）表示在此之前一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always，never等连用。Mrs.Peteralwayscarriedanumbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她是否常带着伞。）一般过去时中，动词过去式的构成规则一般情况下，直接加ed。如:visit---visited以不发音的e结尾，加d。如:live---lived以辅音字母+y结尾，把y改成i，加ed。如:study---studied以元音字母+y结尾，直接加ed。如:play---played重读闭音节结尾的词，双写末尾字母加ed。如:stop---stopped不规则变化，如:go---went否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他如：Ididn’tgototheparkyesterday.Theyweren’tfreeyesterday.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他Was/Were+主语+其他如：DidyougototheparkyesterdayYes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.WeretheyfreeyesterdayYes,theywere./No,theyweren’t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句如：WhatdidyouseeinthezooWhowereathomelastnight常用时间状语:yesterday,threemonthsago,lastweek/year,in1990例句:Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.HanMeimeiwasintheclassroomamomentago.Whendidyoumeethim轻松试一下写出下列不规则动词的过去式。am,iskeeparelet____________becomemakebeginmeet____________biteputblowread___________buycostcatchrun____________comesayridesee____________cutsingdigsit____________dosleepdrawspeak___________drinksweepeattake____________fallteachfeedtell____________feelthinkflythrow_________forgetunderstandgetgive____________wakegowearknow___________winhave/haswritegrow___________综合练习1.

Listen!Thechildren_______________(sing)intheclassroom.

2.Thekite_____________(be)brokenlastweek.

3.

Look!Thewomanoverthere______________(look)atyou.

4.

Mary______________(visit)hergrandparentsnextMonday.

5.MissLi______________(have)anEnglishclasseveryTuesday.

6.

I______________(leave)forShanghaitomorrowevening.

7.

Joanoften______________(catch)thebustowork.

8.

He_____________muchaboutChinese.(notknow)

often________(go)toschoolonfoot.Butyesterdaywasrainy.He______(go)toschoolbybus.

10.Mymotherusually________(watch)TVand_______(wash)clothesonSundaymorning

11.I____________(make)amodelshipwithMikelastSaturday.

12.Todayisasunnyday.We______________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.

13.______________yoursisteroften______________(go)shopping？

14.Theboys______________(swim)intherivernow.What__________he___________(do)in1990He__________(be)anofficeworkerEveryoneinmyfamily_________(be)busynow.Butmybrother____________(play)withthecat.Jim(go)swimmingeverySaturdayafternoon.They(fly)kiteslastweekend.She(watch)TVonSundays,butthisSunday,she(do)Whatday(be)ityesterdayDon'ttalk.We(have)alesson.Who(teach)youChinesethistermMr.Green.He(see)aten-yuannoteonthegroundjustnow.They(live)inasmalltownlastyear,butthisyear,they(move)toacity.Benandhiscousin(catch)someinsectsintheparkyesterday.Look,theboys(sit)quietly.March(come)afterFebruary.Listen！Thegirls(sing)inthenextroom.It'stentoeight.Mymother(wash)clothes.youalways(have)breadforsupperNo,I.thereanumbrellabehindthedoorYes,there.Whatyourbrother(do)onSundayHe(make)adoll.you(go)tothecinemalastnightYes,heWhataretheydoingThey(shop).hisclassmateusually(read)Englishinthemorning单项选择。

()____climbingmountains.A.likeB.likesC.liking

()andJack_____somereadingeveryday.A.doB.does

()brother_____hard.A.studyB.studysC.studies

()doesn’t_____anymoneynow.A.haveB.hasC.having

()’sEnglishteacher_____himquestionsveryoften.

A.askB.asksC.asking

()andMay______exerciseunderthetreenow.

A.takeB.aretakingC.taking

()amgoingto______asoldier10yearslater.

A.walks B.walking C.walk

( )will______verycoldtomorrow.A.be B.isC.goingtobe

( )often______exerciseonThursdayafternoon.

A.takes B.istalking C.isgoingtotake

()________alotofcoldwaterjustnow.

A.drinks B.drinkedC.drank

()can_________differentanimalsinthezoo.A.see B.saw C.seeing

()12.Thetrain________atabout10:00lastnight.A.leaves B.leaving C.left

()will__________watertheflowerlater.A.water B.waters C.watering

()14.Ken_________theNightZoobybusnextSunday.

A.isgoingtovisit B.visits C.visiting

(),thechildren______inthepark.

A.arehavingfunB.ishavingfunC.aregoingtohavefun

（）16、MrBrown______tomorrow.A.goesfishingB.willgofishingC.gofishing

()17.______thechildrenvisitingthemuseumnowA.AreB.DoC.Can

()18.Whendoesyourclasses_____A.startB.startsC.open

(）___yourbrothertoworklastSunday？

A.does，goB.did，goC.did，went

()20.Myparents______lunchat12:00.A.haveB.hasC.with大小联盟06----13年真题1.用括号中所给动词的适当时态填空1.Myfather(like)(play)basketball.2.Whatabout(play)footballnow3.MissLilivesonthe(two)floorinthisbuilding.many(sheep)arethereonthehill5.yourbrother(go)toschoollateyesterday!The