考研考博-英语-安徽中澳科技职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽中澳科技职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoulthequalityoflife.Whoshouldwritethebiographyofafamily,forexample?Becauseoftheirclosenesstothesubject,familymembersmayhavespecialinformation,butbythesametoken,theymaynothavethedistancethatwouldallowthemtobefair.Similarly,aking，sservantmightnotbethebestonetowriteabiographyofthatking.Butaforeignermightnothavetheknowledgeandsympathynecessarytowritetheking'sbiography—notforareadershipfromwithinthekingdom,atanyrate.

Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask.Thebiographerhastoworkwiththepositionheorshehasintheworld,adjustingthatpositionasnecessarytodealwiththesubject.Everypositionhasstrengthsandweaknesses:tothrive,awritermusttrytobecomeawareofthese,evaluatethemintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.

Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographersoftenrevealademocraticmotive:theyattempttoshowthattheirsubjectsareonlyhuman,nobetterthananyoneelse.Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus,toinviteustobecomebetterthanweare.ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBibleareinthisclass.

Biographersmayclaimthattheiraccountis“authentic”one.Inadvancingthisclaim,theyarehelpedifthebiographyis“authorized”bythesubject.Thispresumablyallowsthebiographerspecialaccesstoprivateinformation.“Unauthorized”biographersalsohavetheirappeal,however,sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.Inbookpromotions,the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress.Asubjectmighthaveseveralbiographies,evenseveral“authentic”ones.Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,anidealbiographerwouldbeonewho（

）.

2.TheauthorcitesthebiographiesofJesusintheBibleinordertoshowthat

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothepassage?

4.Anunauthorizedbiographyislikelytoattractmorereadersbecause

（

）.

5.Inthispassage,theauthorfocuseson（

）.

问题1选项

A.knowsthesubjectverywellandyetmaintainsaproperdistancefromhim

B.isclosetothesubjectandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting

C.isindependentandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting

D.possessesspecialprivateinformationandissympathetictowardthesubject

问题2选项

A.thebestbiographiesaremeanttotransformtheirreaders

B.biographiesareauthenticaccountsoftheirsubjects’lives

C.thebestbiographiesarethoseofheroesandfamousfigures

D.biographiescanseverdifferentpurposes

问题3选项

A.Anauthenticbiographyseldomappealstoitsreaders.

B.Anauthenticbiographyisoneauthorizedbythesubject

C.Noonecanwriteaperfectbiography.

D.Authorizedbiographieshaveawiderreadership.

问题4选项

A.itportraysthesubjectbothfaithfullyandvividly

B.itcontainsinterestinginformationaboutthesubject’sprivatelife

C.itrevealsalotofaccuratedetailsunknowntotheoutsiders

D.itusuallygivesasympatheticdescriptionofthesubject’scharacter

问题5选项

A.thedifficultyofabiographerinfindingtheproperperspectivetodohisjob

B.thesecretofabiographertowinmorereaders

C.thetechniquesrequiredofabiographertowriteagoodbiography

D.thecharacteristicsofdifferentkindsofbiographies

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章首句指出:Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject(传记作家必须与主人公保持适当距离，并要时常调整与主人公之间的距离).故选A“既要比较了解，又要保持一定距离”。

2.判断推理题。题干关键词ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBible前面所在句为:Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographersoftenrevealademocraticmotive(当主人公是英雄或著名人物吋，传记作者常常会流露出民主的动机)以及Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus(其它一些传记则有意要改变我们)。可知选择D“传记可以有不同的目的”。

3.细节事实题。根据第一段内容可知传记作家和主人公的关系太近太远都不好;第二段第一句指出:Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask(要完成这一任务，没有最佳位罝);最后一段最后一句:Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife(我们直觉地意识到没有人能够讲述完整的人生故事)。故选C“没人能写出完美传记”。

4.细节事实题。最后一段指出:the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress(未经授权的传记通常意味着读者有可能从中读到主人公不希望公之于众的刺激的八卦消息),因此选B“包含有关主人公私生活的有趣的信息”。

5.主旨大意题。文章指出:传记作家在与主人公关系太近太远都不好。无论传记作者如何描述，都不能完完全全展示人物的真实生活。因此选A“传记作者很难选准最佳角度去写作”。

2.单选题

Thosepersonswhosereligious（）heavilyreliedonrituals，suchasinfantbap-

tism,weremorelikelytosupporttheDemocrats.

问题1选项

A.confession

B.condemnation

C.establishment

D.acknowledgement

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析。句意：那些宗教（）极为依赖诸如婴儿洗礼等仪式的人更可能支持民主党。A选项confession忏悔，承认；B选项condemnation谴责，定罪；C选项establishment建立；D选项acknowledgement承认，确认。A选项confession符合句意。

3.单选题

Thepresentuniversalfearhasbeentheresultofaforwardsurgeinourknowledgeand（）ofcertaindangerousfactorsinthephysicalworld.

问题1选项

A.automation

B.perception

C.manipulation

D.administration

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。automation“自动化”；perception“感觉，看法”；manipulation“操作”；administration“管理”。句意：如今的全球恐慌是我们对物理世界中特定危险因素的突破性了解和认知的结果。选项B符合题意。

4.填空题

Oneofourarticlesisabouttobe（1）inNature.Everyoneispleasedthatit’sappearinginahigh-profileinternationaljournal,buttherewasaserious（2）inourresearchgroup（3）overwhoshouldbetheleadauthor.Someofthe（4）

ofthegrouparestillangry.

【答案】1.published

2.such

3.debate

4.members

【解析】1.语义题。句中的Nature是指一种杂志，我们的文章应该是“发表在”杂志中。

2.语义题。这里填such，suchahigh-profileinternationaljournal表示“如此引入注目的期刊”。

3.固定搭配。debateover就……进行讨论。

4.语义题。根据空格后的ofthegroup可以推断出最后一个空可以填入members表示“团队的成员”。

5.翻译题

“培根-OfStudy(论读书)”Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Theirchiefusefordelightisinprivateersandretiring;forornament,isindiscourse;andforability,isinthejudgmentanddispositionofbusiness.Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested;thatis,somebookaretobereadonlyinparts;otherstoberead,butnotcuriously;andsomefewtobereadwholly,andwithdiligenceandattention.

Readingmakesafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.Andtherefore,ifamanwritelittle,hehadneedhaveagreatmemory;ifheconferlittle,hehadneedhaveapresentwit;andifhereadlittle,hehadneedhavemuchcunning,toseemtoknowthathedothnot.Historiesmakemenwise;petswitty;themathematicssubtle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.

【答案】选自培根《论读书》，王佐良先生译

读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。

读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常作笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。

6.单选题

Brushingremoveslargerparticles,butdentistssuggestbrushingthebackofthetongueaswell,wherefoodresiduesandbacteria（

）.

问题1选项

A.flourish

B.congregate

C.embark

D.collaborate

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意:清除大颗粒后，牙医建议清洗下舌头后部，因为舌头后部是食物和细菌聚集处。

flourish:繁荣，昌盛。congregate:聚集,集合。embark:从事，着手。collaborate:合作，协作。故B项符合句意。

7.单选题

BeijingisthepoliticalcentreofChina，neverthelessitisarguablyatleastasimportantasacentreofthearts，includingsuchfieldsaspainting,dramaandfilm.

问题1选项

A.China，nevertheless

B.arguablyatleastasimportant

C.asacentreofthearts

D.includingsuchfieldsas

E.没有错误

【答案】E

8.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.

Handinhandwiththerecentspectacularadvancesinradiotechnology,therehasbeenadramaticincreaseinthescientificandpublicrespectabilityoftheentiresubjectofextraterrestriallife.AclearsignofthenewattitudeistheVikingmissionstoMarswhicharetoasignificantextentdedicatedtothesearchforlifeonanotherplanet.Butalongwiththeburgeoningdedicationtoaserioussearch,aslightlynegativenotehasemergedwhichisneverthelessveryinteresting.Afewscientistshavelatelyaskedacuriousquestion:ifextraterrestrialintelligenceisabundantwhyhavewenotalreadyseenitsmanifestations?Thinkoftheadvancesbyourowntechnologicalcivilizationinthepasttenthousandyearsandimaginesuchadvancescontinuedovermillionsorbillionsofyearsmore.Ifonlyatinyfractionofadvancedcivilizationsaremillionsorbillionsofyearsmoreadvancedthanours,whyhavetheynotproducedartifactsdevicesorevenindustrialpollutionofsuchmagnitudethatwewouldhavedetectedit?

【答案】随着无线电技术的突飞猛进，科学界和公众对外太空生物这一个课题的认识有了极大的提高。这种新态度明显的标志事件就是向火星发射“海盗”号火星探测器。这些发射在很大程度上是致力于去寻找其他星球上的生物。但是随着对这项研究的不断投入，出现了一些带否定意味但是很有趣的声音。近来少数科学家提出了一个奇怪的疑问：如果外太空生物多的话为什么我们没有看到任何相关迹象？想想我们在过去一万年里科技文明的进步。再设想一下，这些进步将持续数百万甚至十亿年的时间。如果有某个地方的文明比我们的文明先进数百万年或者数十亿年，他们为什么不能生产出一些物件，器械装置和我们本应该检测到的大量的工业污染？

9.单选题

Thehandsonmyalarmclockare______，soIcanseewhattimeitisinthedark.

问题1选项

A.exotic

B.gorgeous

C.luminous

D.spectacular

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。exotic“奇异的，引人注目的”；gorgeous“极好的，华丽的”；luminous“发光的，发亮的”；spectacular“壮观的，惊人的”。句意：我手边上的指针会发光，所以我能在黑暗中看清时间。选项C符合题意。

10.单选题

Shouldeitherofthesesituationsoccur,wrongcontrolactionsmightbetakenandapotentialaccidentsequenceinitiated.

问题1选项

A.imported

B.installed

C.started

D.interviewed

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果发生这两种情况之一，可能会采取错误的控制措施，并且潜在的事故序列会被……。import“输入，引进”；install“安装，设置”；start“启动，开始”；interview“采访，接见；面试”。根据“apotentialaccidentsequence”可推测划线单词的意思是“启动，开始”，因此选项C符合题意。

11.单选题

ThistraditionalentertainmentforchildreninAmericahasnever,（

）Iknow,becomepopularinChina.

问题1选项

A.asfaras

B.asmuch

C.totheextentthat

D.solongas

【答案】A

【解析】句意:据我所知，美国小孩的这种传统娱乐方式在中国并不流行。

固定搭配。asfarasIknow据我所知。

12.单选题

Mac'sclose（）tohisbrothermadepeoplemistakethemfuroneanother.

问题1选项

A.resemblance

B.identity

C.appearance

D.relationship

【答案】A

【解析】句意:麦克和弟弟长得十分相像，人们常常把他们俩认错。

考查固定搭配。空格处名词应与to构成搭配，根据后面句意可知A项“resemblanceto与…相似”正确。

13.单选题

Aseriesofattempts（）made,hecametorealizethathehadunderestimatedtheenormityofthetask.

问题1选项

A.were

B.tobe

C.hadbeen

D.havingbeen

【答案】D

【解析】语法知识题。独立主格结构的用法，A和C选项均为谓语动词，可以排除，一系列的尝试在意识到问题之前就做过了，应该用完成时态。句意：一系列的尝试之后，他意识到他低估了这个任务的繁重性。选项D符合题意。

14.单选题

Avirtualanchorite,he（

）tohisself-sufficiency.

问题1选项

A.adheres

B.confirms

C.conforms

D.admonishes

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。adhere“坚持；依附”，为不及物动词，一般与to构成adhereto“坚持；粘附”；confirm“确认；证实”，为及物动词；conform“使遵守；使一致”。句意：作为隐士的他坚持自给自足。选项A符合题意。

15.单选题

Althoughshescrubbedtheoldpotthoroughly,shecouldnotmakeitlookcompletelyclean.

问题1选项

A.disinfected

B.scratched

C.rinsed

D.scoured

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。横线单词scrubbed意为“用力擦洗；使净化”；A选项“disinfected”意为“将……消毒”；B选项“scratched”意为“抓；刮；挖出；乱涂”；C选项“rinsed”意为“（用清水）冲洗，漂净”；D选项“scoured”意为“（用粗糙的物体）擦净，洗涤；冲洗，清除”。句意：虽然她已经彻底地擦洗那只旧壶，但她无法使它看上去完全干净。由题干可知，shecouldnotmakeitlookcompletelyclean（但她无法使它看上去完全干净）说明她正设法把那只旧壶弄干净，可以推测出这里的动作应该是擦净。由此可知，scrubbed在此处最可能是“用力擦洗”的意思，四个选项中scoured具有“擦净”的意思，与此相近。因此D选项符合题意。

16.翻译题

Whydidhumansevolvetowalkupright?Perhapsbecauseit’sjustplaineasier.Makethat’’energeticallylesscostly,"inscience-speakBipedalism-walkingontwofeet-isoneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofbeinghuman,andscientistshavedebatedforyearshowitcameabout.Inthelatestattempttofindanexplanation,researcherstrainedfivechimpanzeestowalkonatreadmillwhilewearingmasksthatallowedmeasurementoftheiroxygenconsumption.

Thechimpsweremeasuredbothwhilewalkinguprightandwhilemovingontheirlegsandknuckles.Thatmeasurementoftheenergyneededtomovearoundwascomparedwithsimilartestsonhumansandtheresultsarepublishedinthisweek’sonlineeditionofProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.

Itturnsoutthathumanswalkingontwolegsusesonlyone-quarteroftheenergythatchimpanzeesusewhileknuckle-walkingonfourlimbs.Andthechimps,onaverage,useasmuchenergyusingtwolegsastheydidwhentheyusedallfourlimbs.

However,therewasvariabilityamongchimpanzeesinhowmuchenergytheyused,andthisdifferencecorrespondedtotheirdifferencegaitsandanatomy.Wethinkabouttheevolutionofbipedalismasoneoffirsteventsthatledhominids（原始人）downthepathtobeinghuman.

【答案】人类为何进化到了直立行走的姿态？可能这是因为直立行走要容易得多。用科学术语来说，直立行走能“节省能量”。用两条腿走路是人类的基本特征之一，多年来，科学家们在这一特征的形成问题上一直争论不休。在这项最新研究中，研究人员让五只大猩猩戴着可测算氧气消耗量的面罩在跑步机上行走。

研究人员对大猩猩在直立行走和四肢着地行走时消耗的氧气量分别进行了测量，并将结果与人类的进行了对比。这些结果在本周《国家科学院院刊》的网络版上公布。

测算结果表明，人类用两条腿行走时消耗的能量仅为大猩猩四肢着地行走时所消耗能量的四分之一。平均来看，大猩猩两条腿行走时消耗的能量与四肢着地行走时的差不多。但行走时消耗能量的多寡在这些大猩猩中也存在差异。这与它们不同的步法和解剖学特征有关。我们认为双腿直立行走的进化是原始人向人类进化的最初阶段中的一步。

17.不定项选择题

Ofallthepeopleonmyholidayshoppinglist,therewasonelittleboyforwhombuyingagifthadbecomeincreasinglydifficult.He'sawonderfulchild,adorableandloving,andhe'snotfussyorirritableorspoiled.Thoughhelivesacrossthecountryfromme,Ireceiveregularupdatesandphotos,andhelikesallthethingsthattheboyshisagewanttoplaywith.Shoppingforhimshouldbeeasy,butIfindithardtosummonupanyenthusiasm,becauseinalltheyearsI'vegivenhimpresents,heneveroncesentmeathank-younote.

“Sendingthank-younotesisbecomingalostart,”mournsMaryMitchell,asyndicatedcolumnistknownas“Ms.Demeanor”andauthorofsixetiquettebooks.Inherview,eachgeneration,comparedwiththeonebefore,islosingasenseofconsiderationforotherpeople.“Withoutrespect,”shesays,“youhaveconflict.”

Ms.Demeanorwouldbeproudofme:Ihavefiguredoutawaytoensurethatmychildrenalwayssendthank-younotes.Andsuchagestureisimportant,saysMs.Demeanor,because“agratefulattitudeisatremendouslifeskill,anefficientandinexpensivewaytosetourselvesapartintheworkforceandinouradultlives.Teachyourchildrenthatthehabitofmannerscomesfrominside—it'sanattitudebasedonrespectingotherpeople.”

Afewyearsago,asmychildrendescendedlikepiranhasontheirpresentsundertheChristmastree,theonlyattitudeIcouldseewasgreed.Wherewastheappreciationoftimeandeffort?

Athank-younoteshouldcontainthreethings:anacknowledgementofthegift(Lovethetiewiththepictureofahorseonit.);arecognitionofthetimeandeffortspenttoselectit(Youmusthaveshoppedalloverthestatetofindsuchauniqueitem!);apredictionofhowyouwilluseyourgiftorthewayithasenhancedyourlife(I'llbesuretowearittothenextMr.Edconvention!).

So,fiveyearsago,inoneofmyrareflashesofparentalinsight,Idecidedthatthemostappropriatetimetoteachthisbasiccourtesyiswhilethetinselishot.Tothehorrorofmychildren,Iannouncedthathencefortheverygiftreceivedwillbeanoccasionforathank-younotewrittenimmediately,onthespot.IhaveexplainedtomykidshowIhavereactedtonothearingfromthelittleboy—howitmademefeelunappreciatedandunmotivatedtorepeattheprocessnextyear.

Ihavereluctantlygivenmykidsthegreenlighttosende-thank-younotes;thoughhand-letteredones(atleasttome)stillseemfriendlier.Butprettymuchanythank-youmakesthegiftgiverfeelspecial—justas,wehope,therecipientfeels.It'sagesturethatperfectlycapturesthespiritoftheholidays.

1.Theauthorfeltunmotivatedwhenbuyingagiftforthelittleboybecausehe（）.

2.AccordingtoMs.Demeanor,showingappreciationhasthebenefitof（）.

3.Inathank-younote,“ThebookwillbemygoodcompanionwhenIamalone.”servesas（）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“whilethetinselishot”(Line2,Para.6)?

问题1选项

A.purposelyintendednottoshowgratitudeforherkindnessandconsideration

B.hadneverexpressedappreciationofthegiftshereceivedinpreviousyears

C.hadnoideahowthoughtfulshewasinchoosingagiftforhim

D.didn'tlikeanyofthegiftshehadgivenhim

问题2选项

A.formingthehabitofgoodmanners

B.regainingthelostartofexpressingthanks

C.motivatingthegiftgivertobuymoregifts

D.distinguishingoneselffromothersinworkandlife

问题3选项

A.arecognitionofthetimeandeffortspenttoselectit

B.anannouncementofhowithasenhancedyourlife

C.apredictionofhowyouwilluseyourgift

D.anacknowledgementofthegift

问题4选项

A.Themomentherkidsreceiveagift.

B.Themomentshestartschoosinggiftsforeachkid.

C.Whentheartofsendingthank-younotesisn'tlostyet.

D.Whenherkidsstillrememberwhoboughtthegiftsforthem

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Theauthorfeltunmotivatedwhenbuyingagiftforthelittleboybecausehe______.1.作者在给小男孩买礼物时感到没有动力，因为他______。

A.purposelyintendednottoshowgratitudeforherkindnessandconsiderationA.故意不表示对她的善良和体贴的感激

B.hadneverexpressedappreciationofthegiftshereceivedinpreviousyearsB.从未对前几年收到的礼物表示过感谢

C.hadnoideahowthoughtfulshewasinchoosingagiftforhimC.不知道她在为他挑选礼物时考虑得有多周到

D.didn’tlikeanyofthegiftshehadgivenhimD.不喜欢她送给他的任何礼物

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据第一段最后一句“为他买礼物应该很容易，但我发现很难唤起任何热情，因为在我送他礼物的这些年里，他从来没有给过我一封感谢信（becauseinalltheyearsI’vegivenhimpresents,heneveroncesentmeathank-younote）”，从中可知，作者在给小男孩买礼物时感到没有动力，因为他没有为前面几年的礼物写过感谢信，B项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“故意不表示对她的善良和体贴的感激”过度解读，曲解原文；

C选项“不知道她在为他挑选礼物时考虑得有多周到”和D选项“不喜欢她送给他的任何礼物”没有提到，无中生有。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.AccordingtoMs.Demeanor,showingappreciationhasthebenefitof______.2.据迪米娜称，表达感激对______有好处。

A.formingthehabitofgoodmannersA.养成良好的习惯

B.regainingthelostartofexpressingthanksB.重拾遗失的表达感谢的艺术

C.motivatingthegiftgivertobuymoregiftsC.激励送礼物的人买更多的礼物

D.distinguishingoneselffromothersinworkandlifeD.在工作和生活中脱颖而出

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据第三段第二句“感恩的态度是一种非常重要的生活技能，是一种有效而廉价的方式，可以让我们在职场和成人生活中脱颖而出（setourselvesapartintheworkforceandinouradultlives）”可知，迪米娜认为表示感恩能够让我们在工作和生活中脱颖而出。故该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】A选项“养成良好的习惯”、B选项“重拾遗失的表达感谢的艺术”和C选项“激励送礼物的人买更多的礼物”没有提及，无中生有。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.Inathank-younote,“ThebookwillbemygoodcompanionwhenIamalone.”servesas______.3.在一封感谢信中，“当我孤独的时候，这本书将是我的好伴侣。”是______。

A.arecognitionofthetimeandeffortspenttoselectitA.对花在选择它上的时间和精力的认可

B.anannouncementofhowithasenhancedyourlifeB.如何提升了你的生活的宣告

C.apredictionofhowyouwilluseyourgiftC.你将如何使用你的礼物的预测

D.anacknowledgementofthegiftD.对礼物的致谢

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第五段的内容可知，感谢信应该包含的三个部分是：对礼物的认可，对选择礼物所花费的时间和精力的认可，以及预测你将如何使用礼物或者它如何提高你的生活。所以从“当我孤独的时候，这本书将是我的好伴侣。”可以看出，这句话是强调礼物的用途，即原文所说的“将如何使用你的礼物”。因此，该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“对花在选择它上的时间和精力的认可”并不是这句话的作用，张冠李戴；

B选项“如何提升了你的生活的宣告”文中没有提到，无中生有；

D选项“对礼物的致谢”范围太广，不详细，张冠李戴。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“whilethetinselishot”(Para.6)?4.作者第6段所说的“whilethetinselishot”是什么意思？

A.Themomentherkidsreceiveagift.A.她的孩子收到礼物的那一刻。

B.Themomentshestartschoosinggiftsforeachkid.B.当她开始为每个孩子挑选礼物的时候。

C.Whentheartofsendingthank-younotesisn’tlostyet.C.当发送感谢信的艺术还没有消失的时候。

D.Whenherkidsstillrememberwhoboughtthegiftsforthem.D.当她的孩子还记得是谁给他们买的礼物时。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第六段第一句“所以，五年前，在我为数不多的一次作为父母的领悟中，我决定，教导这一基本礼貌的最合适时机是whilethetinselishot”，结合下一句“我宣布，从今以后，每收到一件礼物，都将成为立即当场写感谢信的机会”，综合理解可知，whilethetinselishot指的是“在收到礼物的那一刻就写感谢信”，A项正确。

【干扰项排除】B选项“当她开始为每个孩子挑选礼物的时候”、C选项“当发送感谢信的艺术还没有消失的时候”和D选项“当她的孩子还记得是谁给他们买的礼物时”理解错误，属于曲解原文。

18.单选题

Theartist（

）aninterestingpicturebyputtingthevariously-coloredshapestogether.

问题1选项

A.composed

B.designed

C.produced

D.invented

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。compose“组合，创作”；design“设计”；produce“生产”；invent“发明”。句意：艺术家通过把各种颜色的形状组合在一起，创作出一幅有趣的画。由putting…可知这幅画是将不同的东西组合在一起而创作出来，只有A项符合题意。

19.单选题

Manyinthebusinessworldacceptthatthesuccessofacommercialventureheavilydependentonthepeopleworkingwithinit.Peopleare（1）makeabusinesssuccessful,whetheritisthelowestpaidemployeeswithintheorganizationor（2）management.Engagedemployeesareusuallyhappyemployeeswhoaremore（3）astheyhaveanaturalandgenuineinterestinthe（4）oftheorganization.

Staffbecomesengagedbecauseofanumberofissuesanditisessentialthatbusinessownersandmanagers（5）theseemotions.However,thefirstpartofensuringthatpeopleareconnectedwithacommongoalistogetrecruitment

（6）.Recruitingshouldincludeanumberofquestions（7）atgettinganunderstandingofaperson'smotivationsanddesires.Oncerecruited,communicationiskeytoensuringthatlevelsofengagementdonotwane.Forinstance,changeisoften（8）withworkers.Howevertheyarefarmorelikelyto（9）intochangewhenthereasonsforitandthepotentialbenefitsareclearlylaidout.

Instillingasenseofprideandpassioninabrand,productorethosisvitalin（10）engagedemployees.Ifpeopleenjoywhattheydoandfeelempoweredtoshapethedirectionofacompany,theyarefarmorelikelytoproducebetterresultsandworktothebestoftheirability.

问题1选项

A.who

B.how

C.that

D.what

问题2选项

A.senior

B.chief

C.high

D.tall

问题3选项

A.productive

B.effective

C.valid

D.available

问题4选项

A.estates

B.assets

C.fortunes

D.possessions

问题5选项

A.apply

B.utilize

C.execute

D.hire

问题6选项

A.well

B.over

C.right

D.up

问题7选项

A.aimed

B.focused

C.intended

D.engaged

问题8选项

A.addictive

B.unpopular

C.satisfying

D.rewarding

问题9选项

A.shift

B.fall

C.buy

D.revolve

问题10选项

A.bearing

B.raising

C.feeding

D.delivering

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

第6题:C

第7题:A

第8题:B

第9题:A

第10题:B

【解析】第1题:考查连词。分析句子结构，可知“（）makeabusinesssuccessful”为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，排除how与that，再根据句意“人是使企业成功的关键”，因此用what引导表示从句并在句中做主语。

第2题:考查上下文语义。or表示并列关系，由前面的thelowestpaidemployeeswithintheorganization（组织内薪酬最低的员工）可知此处对应的是“高级管理层”，因此选A。

第3题:考查形容词辨析。productive意为“多产的”；effective意为“有效的”；valid意为“有根据的，有效的”；available意为“可获得的”。此处表示有参与感的员工通常是多产的。

第4题:考查名词辨析。estate意为“财产，遗产”；asset意为“资产，财产”；fortune意为“命运”；possession意为“拥有”。此处表示关注组织的命运。

第5题:考查动词辨析。apply意为“应用，运用”；utilize意为“利用，使用”；execute意为“执行”；hire意为“聘用”。此处表示企业主和管理者必须利用这些情绪。

第6题:考查副词辨析。well意为“相当，大大地”；over意为“穿过，落下”；right意为“合理地，正确地”；up意为“向上，在上面”；getrecruitment意为“招聘”，后面的内容提到如何招聘，可推测此处指正确地招聘，因此选C。

第7题:考查固定搭配。aimat意为“旨在，目标在于”。此句表示招聘应包括一些问题旨在了解一个人的动机和愿望。

第8题:考查上下文语义。beunpopularwith意为“不受欢迎”，此处表示改变往往不受员工欢迎。

第9题:考查动词辨析。shift意为“改变”；fall意为“落下”；buy意为“购买”；revolve意为“旋转，环绕”。此处表示当明确说明其原因和潜在利益时，他们更有可能发生改变。

第10题:考查上下文语义。bear意为“忍受”；raise意为“增加，提高”；feed意为“喂养”；deliver意为“发表，递送”。由后面的producebetterresultsandworktothebestoftheirability（获得更好的结果，并能最大限度地发挥他们的能力）可推测前面指提高员工的参与度，因此选B。

20.单选题

Insurancecompaniesprovideaservicetothecommunitybyprotectingitagainstexpectedandunexpecteddisasters.Beforeaninsurancecompanywillagreetoinsureanything,itcollectsaccuratefiguresabouttherisk.Itknows,forexample,thattheriskofamanbeingkilledinaplaneaccidentislessthantheriskhetakesincrossingabusyroad.Thisenablesittoquote（报价）lowfiguresfortravelinsurance.Sometimestheriskmaybehigh,asinmotor-racingormountaineering.Thenthecompanychargesamuchhigherprice.Iftoomanyclimbershaveaccidents,thepricerisesstillfurther.Ifthemajorityofclimbersfalloffmountains,thecompanywillrefusetoinsurethem.

Anordinaryhouseholdermaywishtoprotecthishomeagainstfireorhispropertyagainstburglary.Ashop-keepermaywishtoinsureagainsttheft.Innormalcases,thecompanywillcheckitsstatisticsandquoteapremium（保险费）.Ifitissuspicious,itmayrefusetoquote.Ifitinsuresashopandthenreceivesasuspiciousclaim,itwillinvestigatetheclaimasameansofprotectingitselfagainstfalseclaims.Itisnotunknownforabusinessmanindebttoburndownhisownpremises（房产）sothathecanclaimmuchmoneyfromhisinsurancecompany.Hecanbesurethatthefirewillbeinvestigatedmostcarefully.Insurancecompaniesalsoacceptinsuranceagainstshipwreckordisasterintheair.Planesandshipsareveryexpensive,soalargepremiumischarged,butareductionisgiventocompanieswithanaccident-freerecord.

Everyweekinsurancecompaniesreceivepremiumpaymentsfromcustomers.Thesepaymentscanformaverylargetotalrunningintomillionsofdollars.Thecompanydoesnotleavethemoneyinthebank.Itinvestsinproperty,shares,farmsandevenantiquepaintingsandstamps.Itsaimistoobtainthebestpossiblereturnonitsinvestment.Thisisnotasgreedyasitmayseem,sincethisisonewaybywhichitcankeepitspremiumsdownandcontinuetomakeaprofitwhilebeingofservicetothecommunity.

1.Accordingtothefirstparagraphinthepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

2.Theword“quote”（Line3,Paragraph2）mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Fromthepassage,weknowthatifaccidentswillhappenninetimesoutoftenormore,theinsurancecompanywill（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,ifanairplanehasanaccident-freerecord,itusuallypaystotheinsurancecompany（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingwilltheinsurancecompanyNOTprovideinsuranceservicefor?

6.Howdoinsurancecompaniesmakeprofit?

7.Themainideaofthelastparagraphis（）.

问题1选项

A.Apassengerbyairwilltakelessriskofbeingkilledthanamancrossingabusyroad.

B.Apassengerbyairwilltakegreaterriskofbeingkilledthanamancrossingabusyroad.

C.Apassengerbyairwillhavetopaymoretotheinsurancecompanythanamountainclimber.

D.Amotoristshouldpaythehighestpricetotheinsurancecompany.

问题2选项

A.receive

B.accept

C.take

D.offer

问题3选项

A.giveamuchhigherprice

B.quotethehighestprice

C.notprovideinsuranceservice

D.chargealowerpremium

问题4选项

A.alargepremium

B.lesspremium

C.nopremium

D.thesamepremiumastheothercompanies

问题5选项

A.Mountaineers.

B.Ordinaryhouseholders.

C.Airlineswithanaccidentfreerecord.

D.Shopkeeperswithsuspiciousstatisticalrecords.

问题6选项

A.Byreceivingpremiumpaymentsfromcustomers.

B.Bychargingcommissiontocustomers.

C.Byinvestinginsomeindustriesandproducts.

D.Byprovidingservices.

问题7选项

A.thattheinsurancecompanyisgreedyofprofit

B.thattheinsurancecompanymakeslargesumofmoneyeveryweek

C.thattheinsurancecompanymakesagreatprofitbyinvestingitsmoneyindifferentitem

D.toshowtheinsurancecompanymakesuseofitsincomeandthereaso