考研考博-英语-吉林师范大学考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-吉林师范大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Whilesomeofficejobswouldseem（）tomanypeople,therearequiteafewjobsthatarestimulating,excitingandsatisfying.

问题1选项

A.hostile

B.tedious

C.fantastic

D.courageous

【答案】B

【解析】hostile敌对的,充满敌意的；tedious单调乏味的；fantastic极好的；courageous勇敢的。根据句意可知,填空处应该是和下文提到的刺激,令人兴奋和令人满意相反意义的词。所以选项B符合句意。

2.单选题

X.(IntellectualProperties)

WenowaddressthedegreetowhichtheSupremeCourt’sdecisioninQualityKinginvalidatesthiscircuit’sconstructionof109(a).ThispanelmayoverruleBMGMusic,DrugEmporium,andDenbicareifQualityKing“undercutsthetheoryorreasoningunderlyingthepriorcircuitprecedentinsuchawaythatthecasesareclearlyirreconcilable”.

ItisclearthatQualityKingdidnotdirectlyoverruleBMGMusic,DrugEmporium,andDenbicare.QualityKinginvolved“roundtrip”importation;aproductwithaU.S.copyrightedlabelwasmanufacturedinsidetheUnitedStates,exportedtoanauthorizedforeigndistributor,soldtounidentifiedthirdpartiesoverseas,shippedbackintotheUnitedStateswithoutthecopyrightowner’spermission,andthensoldinCaliforniabyunauthorizedretailers.TheCourtheldthat109(a)canprovideadefensetoanactionunder602(a)inthiscontext.However,becausethefactsinvolvedonlydomesticallymanufacturedcopies,theCourtdidnotaddresstheeffectof109(a)onclaimsinvolvingunauthorizedimportationofcopiesmadeabroad.(Ginsburg,J.,concurring)(“Wedonottodayresolvecasesinwhichtheallegedlyinfringingimportsweremanufacturedabroad.”).Moreover,theCourtneverdiscussedthescopeof109(a)ordefinedwhat“lawfullymadeunderthistide”means.

WenextconsiderwhetherthereasoningofQualityKingisclearlyirreconcilablewithourgeneralrulethat109(a)islimitedtocopies“heUnitedStates”.Thebasisforthatrulewasourconcernthatapplying109(a)toforeign-madecopieswouldviolatethepresumptionagainsttheextraterritorialapplicationofU.S.law.QualityKingdismissedasimilarconcernthatthetriggeringof109(a)byforeignsaleswouldrequireaninvalidextraterritorialapplicationoftheCopyrightAct,explainingthatmerelyrecognizingtheoccurrenceofsuchsales“doesnotrequiretheextraterritorialapplicationoftheActanymorethan602(a)’s‘acquiredabroad’languagedoes”.Costcocontendsthatthisexplanationisirreconcilablewithourinterpretationof109(a)inBMGMusic.

WerejectCostco’scontentionandholdthattheSupremeCourt’sbriefdiscussiononextraterritorialityisnot“clearlyirreconcilable”withourgenerallimitationof109(a)tocopiesthatarelawfullymadeintheUnitedStates.ThecommonunderstandingofthepresumptionagainstextraterritorialityisthataU.S.statute“appliesonlytoconductoccurringwithin,orhavingeffectwithin,theterritoryoftheUnitedStates,unlessthecontraryisclearlyindicatedbythestatute?”

OmegaS.A.V.CostcoWholesale

87.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtotheparagraphs?

88.ThesecondissuethecourtinOmegaS.A.V.CostcoWholesaleconsiderediswhether___.

89.Theunderlinedsentencemeansthat___.

90.Whichofthefollowingstatementisbesttodescribethelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.QualityKingisacasedecidedbytheSupremeCourtoftheUS.

B.QualityKingisacaseregardingintellectualproperties.

C.QualityKingoverruledBMGMusic,DrugEmporiumandDenbicare.

D.TheCourtinQualityKingdidnotaddresstheeffectof109(a)onclaimsinvolvingunauthorizedimportationofcopiesmadeabroad.

问题2选项

A.thecourt’sgeneralrulethat109(a)islimitedtocopies“heUnitedStates”

B.theSupremeCourt’sreasoninginQualityKingcannotreconcilewiththecourt’sdecisionregarding109(a)

C.109(a)islimitedtocopies“heUnitedStates”

D.theSupremeCourtdiscussedthescopeof109(a)ordefinedwhat“lawfullymadeunderthistitle”meant

问题3选项

A.QualityKingdismissedaninvalidextraterritorialapplicationoftheCopyrightAct

B.merelyrecognizingtheoccurrenceofforeignsalesdoesnotrequiretheextraterritorialapplicationoftheActanymore

C.thetriggeringof109(a)byforeignsaleswouldrequireanextraterritorialapplicationoftheCopyrightAct

D.theconcernthatthetriggeringof109(a)byforeignsaleswouldrequireaninvalidextraterritorialapplicationoftheCopyrightActwasrejectedinQualityKing

问题4选项

A.Thecourt’sviewontheapplicationscopeof109(a)isnotirreconcilablewiththeSupremeCourt’sviewonextraterritoriality.

B.Costco’scontentionwasrejectedbecauseitcontradictstheSupremeCourt’sviewonextraterritoriality.

C.ThegeneralunderstandingofextraterritorialitydoesnotconflictwiththeSupremeCourt’sviewonthesametopic.

D.AUnitedStatesstatuteappliesonlytoconductoccurringwithin,orhavingeffectwithin,theterritoryoftheUnitedStates.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】87.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第二段第一句ItisclearthatQualityKingdidnotdirectlyoverruleBMGMusic,DrugEmporium,andDenbicare.（很明显，QualityKing并没有直接否决BMGMusic,DrugEmporium和Denbicare）可知C选项“QualityKing否决了BMGMusic,DrugEmporium和Denbicare”错误；根据第一段第一句WenowaddressthedegreetowhichtheSupremeCourt’sdecisioninQualityKinginvalidatesthiscircuit’sconstructionof109(a).（我们现在讨论的是最高法院在“质量王”一案中的判决在多大程度上推翻了本巡回法院第109(a)号判决）可知A选项“QualityKing是美国最高法院裁决的案件”符合原文；However,becausethefactsinvolvedonlydomesticallymanufacturedcopies,theCourtdidnotaddresstheeffectof109(a)onclaimsinvolvingunauthorizedimportationofcopiesmadeabroad.(Ginsburg,J.,concurring)(“Wedonottodayresolvecasesinwhichtheallegedlyinfringingimportsweremanufacturedabroad.”).（但是，由于事实只涉及国内制造的复制品，法院没有处理第109(a)条对涉及未经授权进口国外制造的复制品的索赔的影响。（Ginsburg,J.，赞同）（“我们今天不解决涉嫌侵权的进口产品是在国外制造的案件。”））可知B选项“QualityKing是一个关于知识产权的案例”以及D选项“法院关于QualityKing没有处理第109(a)条对涉及未经授权进口海外制式副本的索赔的影响”符合原文。因此C选项符合题意。

88.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到第三段开头WenextconsiderwhetherthereasoningofQualityKingisclearlyirreconcilablewithourgeneralrulethat109(a)islimitedtocopies“heUnitedStates”.Thebasisforthatrulewasourconcernthatapplying109(a)toforeign-madecopieswouldviolatethepresumptionagainsttheextraterritorialapplicationofU.S.law.（我们接下来要考虑的是，QualityKing的理由是否明显与我们的一般规则不一致，即109(a)仅限于“合法制作……在美国”。该规则的依据是，我们担心对外国制作的副本适用109（a）将违反美国法律域外适用的推定。）以及第三段结尾Costcocontendsthatthisexplanationisirreconcilablewithourinterpretationof109(a)inBMGMusic.（Costco认为这一解释与我们对BMGMusic中109(a)的解释是不一致的）可知法院在OmegaS.A.V.CostcoWholesale案中考虑的第二个问题为C选项“109(a)仅限于‘合法制作……在美国’”，同时可知A选项“法院的一般规则是109(a)仅限于‘合法制作……在美国’”错误，原文未提及法院的一般规则；B选项“最高法院关于质量国王的理由与法院关于109(a)的决定不能调和”和D选项“最高法院讨论了第109(a)条的范围或定义了‘根据本标题依法作出’的含义”不符合原文。因此C选项正确。

89.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文划线句子QualityKingdismissedasimilarconcernthatthetriggeringof109(a)byforeignsaleswouldrequireaninvalidextraterritorialapplicationoftheCopyrightAct,explainingthatmerelyrecognizingtheoccurrenceofsuchsales“doesnotrequiretheextraterritorialapplicationoftheActanymorethan602(a)’s‘acquiredabroad’languagedoes”.（QualityKing驳斥了一个类似的担忧，即外国销售触发109（a）将要求对《版权法》进行无效的域外适用，解释说，仅仅承认此类销售的发生“并不需要该法的域外适用，正如602（a）‘在国外获得的’语言所要求的那样”）可知选D选项“在QualityKing中，关于109(a)的国外销售会导致著作权法的域外适用无效的担忧被否决了”；A选项“QualityKing驳回了著作权法域外的无效适用”，B选项“仅仅承认国外销售的发生不再需要本法的域外适用”以及C选项“通过国外销售触发109(a)将需要著作权法的域外适用”和原文不符。因此D选项正确。

90.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】主旨大意题。根据题干定位到最后一段WerejectCostco’scontentionandholdthattheSupremeCourt’sbriefdiscussiononextraterritorialityisnot“clearlyirreconcilable”withourgenerallimitationof109(a)tocopiesthatarelawfullymadeintheUnitedStates.（我们拒绝Costco的论点，并认为最高法院关于治外法权的简短讨论并非“明显不可调和”，我们的一般限制是109（a）对在美国合法制作的副本）可知作者表达的是最高法院对治外法权的解释和109（a）只限于在美国合法生产并不是明显矛盾的，选A选项“法院关于109(a)条适用范围的观点与最高法院关于治外法权的观点并非不可调和”，同时可知C选项“对治外法权的一般理解与最高法院对同一专题的看法并不冲突”错误；B选项“Costco的论点被驳回了，因为它与最高法院关于治外法权的观点相矛盾”以及D选项“美国法令仅适用于发生在美国领土内或在美国领土内有效的行为”和最后一段不符。因此A选项正确。

3.单选题

Thousandsofyearsagomanusedhandyrocksforhissurgicaloperations.Laterheusedsharpboneorhorn,metalknivesandmorerecently,rubberandplastic.Andthatwaswherewestuck,insurgicalinstrumenttermsformanyyears.Inthe1960sanewtoolwasdeveloped,onewhichwas,firstofall,tobeofgreatpracticalusetothearmedforcesandindustry,butwhichwasalsointime,torevolutionizetheartandscienceofsurgery.Thetoolisthelaseranditisbeingusedbymoreandmoresurgeonsallovertheworld,foraverylargenumberofdifferentcomplaints.Thewordlasermeans:LightAmplificationbyStimulatedEmissionoflight.Asweallknow,lightishot;mysourceoflight-fromthesunitselfdowntoahumblematchburning—willgivewarmth.Butlightisusuallyspreadoutoverawidearea.Thelightinalaserbeam,however,isconcentrated.Thismeansthatalightwithnomorepowerthanthatproducedbyanordinaryelectriclightbulbbecomes.

Experimentswiththesepinpointbeamsshowedresearchersthatdifferentenergysourcesproducebeamsthathaveaparticulareffectoncertainlivingcells.Itisnowpossibleforeyesurgeonstooperateonthebackofthehumaneyewithoutharmingtheformoftheeye,simplybypassingalaserbeamrightthroughtheeyeball.Noknives,nounwanteddamage—atruesurgicalwonder.Operationswhichonceleftpatientsexhaustedandinneedoflongperiodsofrecoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.Somuchmoredifficultoperationscannowbetried.Therapiddevelopmentoflasertechniquesinthepasttenyearshasmadeitclearthatthefutureislikelytobeveryexciting.Perhapssomecancerswillbetreatedwithlaserinawaythatmakessurgerynotonlysaferbutmoreeffective.Altogether,tomorrowmayseemoreandmoreinformationcomingtolightonthediseaseswhichcanbetreatedmedically.

1.Upuntilthe1960stheinstrumentsusedtoperformsurgicaloperationswere（

）.

2.Afterthedevelopmentofthelaserinthe1960s,wefindthat

（

）.

3.Thelaserbeamissostrongbecause

（

）.

4.Surgeonscannowcarryoutoperationswhich（

）.

问题1选项

A.fashionable

B.extraordinary

C.special

D.basic

问题2选项

A.medicalhelpbecameavailableforindustrialworkers

B.thestudyofartwentthroughacompleterevolution

C.man’swholeapproachtosurgerychangedcompletely

D.moreandmoresurgeonsbeganusingsurgicalinstruments

问题3选项

A.itiscomposedofaconcentratedbeamoflight

B.itsheatisincreasedbytheheatofthesun

C.itcanbepluggedintoanordinarylight

D.itsendsoutheatinmanydifferentdirections

问题4选项

A.canbeperformedsuccessfullyonlyonthehumaneye

B.resultinverylittledamagetothepatientsthemselves

C.memademuchmorecomplicatedbyusingthelaserbeam

D.resultinlongperiodsofrecoverytimeforpatients

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章开头‘Thousandsofyearsagomanusedhandyrocksforhissurgicaloperations.Laterheusedsharpboneorhorn,metalknivesandmorerecently,rubberandplastic.’20世纪60年代之前，外科手术使用过的工具有：石头，锋利的骨头和角，金属刀，橡胶和塑料。确定这些工具都是很基本的，D选项正确。

2.推理判断题。由第二段中所举的眼科手术的例子可知，使用激光做手术，可以让患者感觉轻松和舒服，不需要很长时间就能恢复，彻底改变了外科手术的方法，C选项正确。

3.细节事实题。根据第一段中“Thelightinalaserbeam,however,isconcentratedThismeansthatalightwithnomorepowerthanthatproducedbyanordinaryelectriclightbulbbecomesintenselystrongasitisconcentratedtoapinpoint-sizedbeam.然而，激光束中的光是集中的，这意味着不需要比普通电灯泡产生更多的能量就能点燃，当它集中在一个针尖大小的光束上时，就会变得非常强烈。”可知，激光光束强是因为它的光束没有分散，而是集中成针尖大小的光束，所以A选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据“Noknives,nounwanteddamage—truesurgicalwonder.Operationswhichonceleftpatientsexhaustedandinneedoflongperiodsofrecoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.没有刀，没有不必要的伤害——真正的外科奇迹。手术曾经让病人精疲力竭，需要很长时间的恢复，现在让他们感到放松和舒适。”可知，使用激光做外科手术，可以让病人遭受极少的痛苦，B选项正确。

4.单选题

Wecannotimaginewhatatoughjobitistoreadmusicfromaphotocopyofahandwritten（）inoldGerman.

问题1选项

A.submission

B.manuscript

C.substance

D.manipulation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项submission“屈服，提交”，B选项manuscript“手稿，手抄本”，C选项substance“物质，要旨”，D选项manipulation“操纵，篡改”，句意：我们无法想象从古德语手抄本上阅读音乐是一项多么困难的工作。因此，B选项符合句意。

5.单选题

Tobetermedscientific,amethodofinquirymustbebasedongatheringobservable,empiricalandmeasurableevidence（

）tospecificprinciplesofreasoning.

问题1选项

A.superfluous

B.scrupulous

C.object

D.subject

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析。Superfluous“多余的，不必要的”；scrupulous“细心的，小心谨慎的”；object“目标（名词）”；subject“易遭受……的，受……支配”。根据固定搭配subjectto“使服从，受制于”，句意：科学的研究方法必须以收集可观察的、经验的和可测量的证据为基础，并遵循特定的推理原则。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

Mr.Smithbecamevery____whenitwassuggestedthathehadmadeamistake.

问题1选项

A.ingenious

B.empirical

C.objective

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.ingenious精巧的；新颖独特的B.empirical经验主义的

C.objective客观的D.indignant愤慨的；愤怒的

【答案】D

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：当有人暗示史密斯先生犯了一个错误时，他变得非常……。根据逻辑，当有人指出自己错误的时候，人们会感到非常愤怒。因此史密斯先生被指出错误时会变得愤怒。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】当有人暗示史密斯先生犯了一个错误时，他变得非常愤怒。

7.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

IntheUnitedStateofAmericahouseshavechangedassocialcustomschanged.Atfirst,AmericanhousesfollowedthepatternsbroughtfromEuropebytheearlyimmigrants,but,sincetimberwasthemosteasilyobtainedmaterial,boardedwallsandshingleroofslargelyreplacedbricksandtiles.Lately,differentregionshaveevolvedtheirownmethodsofhousebuildingtosuitlocalconditions;forinstance,alowramblinghousewithwidelyspreadingeaves,istypicalofthePacificcoast.Inaddition,theplanofthehousehasbeguntochangeastheAmericanwayoflifehasdivergedmoreandmorefromtheEuropean.Housesarelessformal,androomsmergeoneintotheother,providingmorespaceforgeneralfamilylifeandfewerroomsforspecialpurposes.

【答案】在美国，房屋随着社会习俗的改变而改变。起初，美国的房屋仿效早期移民从欧洲带来的模式。但由于木材是最容易获得的材料，木板墙和木瓦屋顶大量取代了砖块和瓦。最近，不同的地区发展出了适合当地条件的房屋建造方法；例如，布局凌乱的低矮房子有着散开的屋檐，是典型的太平洋海岸建筑。此外，随着美国人的生活方式越来越不同于欧洲人，住宅的规划也开始改变。住宅不那么正式，房间相互融合，为一般家庭生活提供了更多的空间，特殊用途的空间也变少了。

8.单选题

Theladywasinanguishuntilsheknewthatherhusband’slifewassavedfinally.

问题1选项

A.distress

B.despair

C.question

D.dilemma

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。anguish表示“痛苦，苦恼”；A项distress“不幸，悲痛”，B项despair“绝望，丧失信心”，C项question“询问，怀疑”，D项dilemma“进退两难”。句意：那位女士非常痛苦，直到她知道她丈夫的生命终于得救。根据句意该题选A。

9.单选题

OliveoilhasbeenoneofthestaplesoftheMediterraneandietforthousandsofyearsanditspopularityisgrowingrapidlyinotherpartsoftheworld.Itisoneofthemostversatileoilsforcookinganditenhancesthetasteofmanyfoods.Oliveoilistheonlytypeofvegetable/fruitoilthatcanbeobtainedfromjustpressing.Mostothertypesofpopularoils(cor,canola,etc.)mustbeprocessedinotherwaystoobtaintheoil.Anotherimportantbonusisthatoliveoilhasprovenhealthbenefits.Threebasicgradesofoliveoilaremostoftenavailabletotheconsumer:extraVirgin;VirginandOliveOil.Inadditiontothebasicgrades,oliveoildiffersfromonecountryorregiontoanotherbecauseofthetypesofolivesthataregrown,theharvestingmethods,thetimeoftheharvest,andthepressingtechniques.Thesefactorsallcontributetotheindividualcharacteristicsoftheoliveoil.

Olivetreesmustbeproperlycaredforinordertoachievegoodeconomicyields,careincludesregularirrigation,pruning,fertilizing,andkillingpests.Oliveswillsurviveonverypoorsiteswithshallowsoilsbutwillgrowveryslowlyandyieldpoorly.Deepsoilstendtoproduceexcessivelyvigoroustrees,alsowithloweryields.Theidealsiteforoliveoilproductionisaclayloamsoilwithgoodinternalandsurfacedrainage.Irrigationisnecessarytoproduceheavycropsandavoidalternatebearing.Thesitemustbefreeofhardwinterfrostsbecausewooddamagewilloccurattemperaturesbelow15°Fandalengthyspelloffreezingweathercanruinanychancesforadecentcrop.Thegrowingseasonalsomustbewarmenoughsofruitsmaturebeforeevenlightfallfrosts(usuallybyearlyNovember)becauseofpotentialdamagetothefruitandoilquality.Fortunatelyolivetreesareveryhardyinhotsummertemperaturesandtheyaredroughttolerant.

Thebestoliveoilsholdacertificatebyanindependentorganizationthatauthenticatesthestonegroundandcoldpressedextractionprocess.Inthisprocess,olivesarefirstharvestedbyhandattheproperstageofripenessandmaturity.Expertsfeelthathandharvesting,asopposedtomechanicalharvesting,eliminatesbruisingofthefruitwhichcausestartnessandoilacidity.Theolivesharvestedaretransferreddailytothemill.Thisisveryimportantbecausethisdailytransferminimizesthetimespentbetweenpickingandpressing.Someextravirginoliveoilproducersareknowntotransfertheolivesbymulti-tontrucksoverlongdistancesthatexposethefragilefruittocrushingweightandthehotsun,whichcausestheolivestobeginoxidizingandthusbecomingacidic.Inadditiontothetimelapsebetweenharvestingandpressing,oliveoilmustbeobtainedusingmechanicalprocessesonlytobeconsideredvirginorextravirgin.Ifheatand/orchemicalprocessesareusedtoproducetheoliveoilorifthetimelapseistoolong,itcannotbecalledvirginorextravirgin.

Onceatthemill,theleavesaresuckedawaywithairfansandtheolivesarewashedwithcirculatingpotablewatertoremoveallimpurities.Thefirststepofextractionismashingtheolivestocreateapaste.Theoil,comprising20%to30%oftheolive,isnestledinpocketswithinthefruit’scells.Theolivesarecrushedinamillwithtwogranitemillstonesrollingwithinametalbasin.Crushingandmixingtheolivesreleasestheoilfromthecellsoftheolivewithoutheatingthepaste.Asideshutteronthemill’sbasinallowsthemixedolivepastetobedischargedandappliedtoroundmats.Thematsarestackedandplacedundertheheadofahydraulicpressframethatappliesdownwardpressureandextractstheoil.Thefirstpressingyieldsthesuperiorqualityoil,andthesecondandthirdpressingsproduceinferiorqualityoil.Somesingleestateproducerscollecttheoilthatresultsfromjusttheinitialcrushingwhilemanyotherproducersuseanadditionalsteptoextractmoreoil.Theolivepulpisplacedonmatsconstructedwithhemporpolypropylenethatarestackedandthenpressedtosqueezethepulp.Oilandwaterfilterthroughthematstoacollectiontankbelow.Thewaterandoilarethenseparatedinacentrifuge.

Regardlessofthemethodusedforthefirstpressing,thetemperatureoftheoilduringproductionisextremelyimportantinordertomaintainthedistinctcharacteristicsoftheoil.Ifthetemperatureoftheoilclimbsabove86°F,itwillbedamagedandcannotbeconsideredcold-pressed.

Thefirstpressingoilcontainsthemost“polyphenols”,substancesthathavebeenfoundtobepowerfulantioxidantscapableofprotectingagainstcertaintypesofdisease.Thepolyphenolsarenottheonlysubstancesintheolivewithhealth-promotingeffects,buttheyarequiteuniquewhencomparedtoothercommonlyusedculinaryoilssuchassunflowerandsoy.Itisthesepolyphenolsthatreallysetextravirginoliveoilsapartfromanyotheroilandanyotherformofoliveoil.Themorerefinedtheoliveoilis,thesmallerthequantityofpolyphenols.

Theresultoftheproducer’seffortsisacoldpressedextravirginoliveoilwithhighqualitystandardsandorganolepticcharacteristics,whichgivetheoilitshealth-protectiveandaromaticproperties.

1.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingdoesNOTaffecttheindividualfeaturesofoliveoilsfromdifferentregions?

2.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNOTpartofolivetreemanagement?

3.Accordingtothetext,whatisthemaindangeroffrost?

4.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingdoesNOTaffectthe“extravirgin”oliveoilcertification?

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.Pickingtechniques

B.Thedateofthepicking

C.Olivevarieties

D.Accesstowater

问题2选项

A.Carefulwatering

B.Replanting

C.Killingparasites

D.Feeding

问题3选项

A.Killstheolivetrees.

B.Thefruitwon’tmature.

C.Notenoughfruitwillbeproduced.

D.Theolivesproducedwillbesmallinsize.

问题4选项

A.Thetemperatureoftheextractionprocess.

B.Thetimegapbetweentreeandbottle.

C.Whichpressingtheoilistakenfrom.

D.Usingwaterintheextractionprocess.

问题5选项

A.Olivetreesdon’tneedaregularsupplyofwatertosurvive.

B.Noothercookingoilsapartfromoliveoilcontainpolyphenols.

C.Damagetoolivesbeforetheyarepressedcanaffectthetasteoftheoil.

D.Manyproducersextractedmoreoilafterthefirstpressingtoproducevirgin.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段的第七句话“Inadditiontothebasicgrades,oliveoildiffersfromonecountryorregiontoanotherbecauseofthetypesofolivesthataregrown,theharvestingmethods,thetimeoftheharvest,andthepressingtechniques.（除了基本等级外，不同国家或地区的橄榄油也有所不同，原因在于所种植的橄榄的种类、收获方法、收获时间和压榨技术。）”，由此可知A选项“采摘技术”；B选项“收获时间”；C选项“橄榄的品种”都会影响橄榄油的特性，只有D选项“供水”不会影响，因此D选项正确。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段第一句话“Olivetreesmustbeproperlycaredforinordertoachievegoodeconomicyields,careincludesregularirrigation,pruning,fertilizing,andkillingpests.（为了获得良好的经济产量，橄榄树必须得到适当的护理，护理包括定期灌溉、修剪、施肥和灭虫。）”，由此可知A选项“小心灌溉”；C选项“灭虫”；D选项“喂养”都是橄榄树护理的一部分，只有B选项“再植”不是，因此B选项正确。

3.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段的第六句话“Thesitemustbefreeofhardwinterfrostsbecausewooddamagewilloccurattemperaturesbelow15°Fandalengthyspelloffreezingweathercanruinanychancesforadecentcrop.（该地点必须不受严冬霜冻的影响，因为在15°F以下的温度下，橄榄树会受到损害，而一段时间的严寒天气可能会毁掉一个好收成的机会。）”，由此可推断出霜冻会杀死橄榄树。B选项“水果不会成熟”；C选项“水果产量不够”；D选项“所生产的橄榄体积较小”都是附带提及，只有A选项“杀死橄榄树”才是主要的危险。因此A选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第三段“Thisisveryimportantbecausethisdailytransferminimizesthetimespentbetweenpickingandpressing.（这是非常重要的，因为每天的转换将采摘和按压之间的时间减少到最小。）”和“Ifheatand/orchemicalprocessesareusedtoproducetheoliveoilorifthetimelapseistoolong,itcannotbecalledvirginorextravirgin.（如果用加热和/或化学方法生产橄榄油，或者时间间隔太长，就不能称之为初榨或特级初榨橄榄油。）”，由此可知除了采摘和压榨时间考究外，还有热量和化学过程需要注意。A选项“提取过程的温度”；B选项“树和瓶子之间的时间间隔”；C选项“用哪种方式压榨”都会影响“特级初榨”橄榄油认证，只有D选项“在提取过程中用水”文章没有提到，因此D选项正确。

5.细节事实题。A选项“橄榄树不需要定期供水来生存”说法错误，文章第二段就提到了橄榄树需要定期灌溉；B选项“除橄榄油外，没有其他食用油含有多酚”文章没有提及；C选项“橄榄压榨前的损坏会影响油的味道”说法正确，文中第三段有说到橄榄受到损害后会呈酸性；D选项“许多生产商在第一次压榨后提取了更多的油来生产初榨油”说法错误，文中第四段说到“Somesingleestateproducerscollecttheoilthatresultsfromjusttheinitialcrushingwhilemanyotherproducersuseanadditionalsteptoextractmoreoil.（一些单一的地产生产商只收集最初压榨产生的油，而许多其他生产商使用额外的步骤来提取更多的油。）”因此C选项正确。

10.单选题

Theearthquakeof26thDecember,2004resultedinoneoftheworstnaturaldisastersinlivingmemory.Itwasa（1）underwaterquakeandoccurredintheIndianOcean.It（2）coastlines,communitiesandbroughtdeathtoomanypeople.

Whydoearthquakeshappen?

Thesurfaceoftheearthhasnotalwayslookedasitdoestoday;itismoving（3）(althoughveryslowly)andhasdonesoforbillionsofyears.Thisisone

（4）

ofearthquakes,whenonesectionoftheearth(tectonicplate)

（5）

another.Scientistscanpredictwherebutnot

（6）thismighthappenandtheareabetweenplatesiscalledafaultline.OnonefaultlineinKobe,Japanin1923over200,000peoplewerekilled.

（7）

,earthquakesdonotalwayshappenonfaultlines,

（8）iswhytheyaresodangerousand

（9）

.

Wheredovolcanoeshappen?

Volcanoeshappenwheretheearth’s

（10）

isthin:lava,dustandgases（11）frombeneaththeearth.Theycanriseintoahugeconeshapelikeamountainanderupt,

（12）theycanbesoviolent

（13）

theyjustexplodedirectlyfromtheearthwithnowarning.Thereare1,511（14）volcanoesintheworld.Thismeansthattheymay

（15）BEDANGEROUS.In1985theColombianvolcanoNevadoDelRuizerupted.Thelavameltedaglacierandsenttonesofmud

（16）thetownbelow.Twentythousandpeopledied.

Naturaldisasterslikevolcaniceruptionsarcoftenunpredictable.Weregularlydonotknowwhenthey

（17）happen,or

（18）wheretheywillhappen.Inthefuture,scientistsmaybeabletowatchandpredict

（19）beforetheyhappen.Thiscould（20）manylives.

问题1选项

A.massive

B.significant

C.great

D.grand

问题2选项

A.changed

B.converted

C.destroyed

D.transformed

问题3选项

A.frequently

B.periodically

C.regularly

D.continuously

问题4选项

A.source

B.cause

C.movement

D.reason

问题5选项

A.collideswith

B.confrontswith

C.meetswith

D.faceswith

问题6选项

A.how

B.why

C.when

D.what

问题7选项

A.Generally

B.However

C.Similarly

D.Anyway

问题8选项

A.which

B.it

C.this

D.that

问题9选项

A.irresistible

B.inevitable

C.unaccountable

D.unpredictable

问题10选项

A.surface

B.appearance

C.crust

D.cover

问题11选项

A.burstout

B.flowedout

C.leakedout

D.trickledout

问题12选项

A.and

B.or

C.nor

D.but

问题13选项

A.like

B.for

C.as

D.that

问题14选项

A.living

B.alive

C.active

D.live

问题15选项

A.relatively

B.still

C.hardly

D.gradually

问题16选项

A.beyond

B.on

C.across

D.down

问题17选项

A.might

B.should

C.must

D.areto

问题18选项

A.though

B.whether

C.even

D.else

问题19选项

A.accidents

B.incidents

C.occasions

D.events

问题20选项

A.rescue

B.save

C.preserve

D.shelter

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:C

第7题:B

第8题:A

第9题:D

第10题:C

第11题:A

第12题:B

第13题:D

第14题:C

第15题:B

第16题:D

第17题:A

第18题:C

第19题:D

第20题:B

【解析】（1）形容词词义辨析。A选项massive“大而重的，巨大的”；B选项significant“重要的，暗示的，有含义的”；C选项great“大的，巨大的，非常的，很多的”；D选项grand“壮观的，神气活现的，显赫的”，根据句意可知这里是指“严重的灾难”，A选项正确。

（2）动词词义辨析。A选项change“改变”；B选项convert“改变（某事物）的形式或用途”；C选项destroy“摧毁，毁坏”；D选项transform“完全改变某物外观或特性”，本句句意为‘地震毁坏了海岸线、社区，给太多人带来了死亡’。根据句意可知这里强调“摧毁，毁坏”，C选项正确。

（3）副词词义辨析。A选项frequently“频繁地，屡次，时常”；B选项periodically“周期性地，偶尔，定期地”，C选项regularly“有规律地，经常地，习惯性地，定期地，整齐地,均匀地”；D选项continuously“连续不断地，接连地”，句意‘地球表面一直以来都在“持续”运动，’D选项符合句意。

（4）名词词义辨析。A选项source“来源，根源”；B选项cause“原因，导致某事物发生的事物、人等”；C选项movement“运动”；D选项reason“理由，动机”，根据句意“地球表面的持续运动是导致地震的原因”，表示发生的客观起因应该用cause，B选项正确。

（5）动词短语词义辨析。A选项collidewith“（指运动中的物体或人）猛撞某物或互撞”；B选项confrontwith“使某人面对或正视令人不快、令人头疼等的人/事物”；C选项meetwith“碰见（某人），相逢；D选项"facewith“面对或面向某人/某事物”，由常识和句意‘地震是地壳的不同板块“碰撞”所造成的，’A选项正确。

（6）疑问词词义辨析。A选项how“如何，多少，怎样”；B选项why“为什么”；C选项when“何时，什么时候”；D选项what“什么”，由句意和语境‘科学家已经能分析出地震的原因和预测其发生的地点，只有时间无法确认。’C选项正确。

（7）副词词义辨析。A选项generally“普遍地，一般来说”；B选项however“然而，不过，可是”；C选项similarly“同样地，类似于”；D选项anyway“总之，无论如何”，此处与前一句形成转折，说明地震不一定都发生在断裂带，因此地震很危险且难以预测。所以填表示转折意思的副词，B选项However更符合语境。

（8）非限制性定语从句的用法。句意为“然而，地震并不总发生在断层线上，这就是为什么它们非常危险而