考研考博-英语-承德应用技术职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-承德应用技术职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Thequestionofethicsinthelegalprofessionisonethathasplaguedtheindustrysinceitsinception.Thecommonimageofanattorneyisonewhowillresorttoanyunethicaltrickto（1）thelawstofithispurposes.Inthemorespecificindustryofcriminallaw,defenseattorneysareoftencriticizedforadvocating（2）defendantswhoare“obviouslyguilty,”thusbecomingroadblocksonthepathto（3）.Muchtothecontrary,（4）,defenseattorneysprovideavaluableservicethatshouldearnthempraise,notscorn.

Whileitistruethateverylawyerwilldoeverything（5）tointerpretthelawsinthemannermostbeneficialtohisclient,suchacharacterizationis（6）limitedtodefenseattorneys.Theprosecutorwilldothesamething,employingallhislegalknowledgeandknow-howtoestablishtheguiltofthedefendant.（7）,thevaguenatureofthelawishighlighted,anditbecomesavirtualnecessityforeachsidetouseeverytool（8）,ontheassumptionthattheothersidewillalsouseeverytoolathis.Thenetresultemergesasapositive,（9）thetricksoftheopposingattorneycanceloneanotherout,leavingonlythetruth,clearerand（10）manipulation,（11）thejury’sconsideration.

Further,thedefenseattorneyisavitalelementoftheAmericanjudicialsystem,（12）withouthimthedefendantwouldstandnochancewhatsoever.Undertheconstitution,eventhemost“obviousguilty”defendants（13）therighttoafairtrial,involvingsomeoneableandwillingtoadvocateonhisbehalf.Ofcourse,therearebadapplesintheindustrywhoare（14）andcarenothingforactualjustice,and（15）onlyconcernsaretheirwallets.Generallyspeaking,however,without（16）,thesystemwouldcrumbleintoameremachineinwhichdefendantsareassumedguilty,withoutachancetoargueorprove（17）,andmanyinnocentpeople（18）withcrimeswouldbeseverelypunishedfortransgressionsthattheydidn’tcommit.

ItisabasicfactthattheadversarialsystemofjusticeintheUnitedStatesisnecessaryinordertoensure（19）andmostunbiasedpresentationandevaluationofthefactspossible.Withoutdefenseattorneys,thatsystemcannotbecarriedout,and（20）alossofthecivillibertiesthatthenationenjoysandtreasures.Tothatend,allofthosewhomakethatprocessareality,includingdefenseattorneys,deserveoursupportandadmiration,notoursuspicionanddisdain.

问题1选项

A.obey

B.break

C.twist

D.adopt

问题2选项

A.atbehalfof

B.atthebehalfof

C.onbehalfof

D.onthebehalfof

问题3选项

A.civilliberties

B.justice

C.transgression

D.ethics

问题4选项

A.thus

B.furthermore

C.moreover

D.however

问题5选项

A.beyondhispower

B.inpower

C.athispower

D.withinhispower

问题6选项

A.bynomeans

B.byanymeans

C.byallmeans

D.bywhatmeans

问题7选项

A.Inonerespect

B.Inthisrespect

C.Insomerespects

D.Innorespect

问题8选项

A.attheirdisposal

B.attheirdisposals

C.athisdisposal

D.athisdisposals

问题9选项

A.atwhich

B.onwhich

C.inwhich

D.forwhich

问题10选项

A.fullof

B.fullwith

C.devoidof

D.devoidfrom

问题11选项

A.presentingfor

B.presentedfor

C.presentingto

D.presentedto

问题12选项

A.inthat

B.forthat

C.inwhich

D.forwhich

问题13选项

A.willguarantee

B.guarantee

C.willbeguaranteed

D.areguaranteed

问题14选项

A.ethical

B.unethical

C.guilty

D.unbiased

问题15选项

A.what

B.who

C.whose

D.where

问题16选项

A.defenseattorneys

B.prosecutors

C.theconstitution

D.defendants

问题17选项

A.further

B.nevertheless

C.otherwise

D.though

问题18选项

A.arefalselycharged

B.werefalselycharged

C.beingfalselycharged

D.falselycharged

问题19选项

A.afair

B.afairer

C.thefairest

D.thefair

问题20选项

A.willresultin

B.wouldresultin

C.willresultat

D.wouldresultat

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

第6题:A

第7题:B

第8题:A

第9题:C

第10题:C

第11题:B

第12题:A

第13题:D

第14题:B

第15题:C

第16题:A

第17题:C

第18题:D

第19题:C

第20题:B

【解析】（1）动词词义辨析。obey“服从”；break“打破”；twist“扭曲”；adopt“采取”。句意：律师给人的普遍印象是，不惜使用任何不道德违背法律的手段去达到自己的目的。选项C符合题意。

（2）固定搭配。onbehalfof“代表，为了”，为固定搭配。没有A、C、D搭配，可排除。句意：辩护律师经常因为代表“明显有罪”的被告进行辩护而受到批评。选项C符合题意。

（3）逻辑关系。civilliberties“公民自由”；justice“公平，正义”；transgression“海侵，犯罪”；ethics“伦理学”。通过关键词“thusbecomingroadblocks”，可知律师这样的做法在公平正义的道路上成为了一种障碍，所以空格中应该填入正义。选项B符合题意。

（4）逻辑关系。thus“因此”；furthermore“此外，而且”；moreover“而且”；however“然而”。根据空格前的tothecontrary可知，下文提到的内容将与前文相反，构成转折关系，所以用转折连词however，选项D符合题意。

（5）固定搭配。beyondhispower“超出其权力”；inpower“执政，掌权”；没有athispower这种搭配，选项C可排除。withinhispower“在权力范围之内”。句意：然而，事实是每个律师都会尽一切努力在自己的权力范围内以对他的当事人最有利的方式来阐述法律。选项D符合题意。

（6）固定搭配。bynomeans“决不”；byanymeans“无论如何”；byallmeans“尽一切办法”；bywhatmeans“用什么办法”。句意：这样的特征决不仅限于辩护律师，而是符合所有律师。选项A符合题意。

（7）固定搭配。Inonerespect“在某个方面”；Inthisrespect“在这方面”；Insomerespects“在一些方面”；Innorespect“毫不，完全不”。句意：检察官也会这样做，利用自己所知道的法律知识来判定被告有罪。在这个方面，法律的不明确性得到了强调。选项B符合题意。

（8）语法题。根据上文“anditbecomesavirtualnecessityforeachsidetouseeverytool”，可知每一方都必须使用每一种工具。所以是指公诉人和律师两方，应该用复数their。根据固定搭配atone’sdisposal“由……支配”，可知disposal用单数。选项A符合题意。

（9）语法题。根据题意，空格引导的句子为非限制性定语从句，因为inthisresult“在这种结果下”，所以用inwhich引导，在定语从句中作状语。句意：在这种结果下，对方律师的诡计互相抵消，只留下真相。选项C符合题意。

（10）固定搭配。fullof“充满”；devoidof“缺乏”，没有B和D项搭配，可排除。句意：只留下真相，更清晰并且不可操控。选项C符合题意。

（11）固定搭配和语法。presentfor“递交给……”；presentto“赠送，给予”。根据文章thejury’sconsideration，最终结果要求陪审团共同考虑，所以证据要被递交给陪审团考虑，要用动词的-ed分词，选项B符合题意。

（12）逻辑关系。空格前一句提到被告辩护人是美国司法体系最重要的一个部分，空格后提到没有被告辩护人，被告就没有任何机会。所以后一句是前一句的原因解释。inthat后接原因，选项A符合题意。

（13）逻辑关系和语法。根据句意：即使是最明显的被告也被保证有权得到公正的审判。所以应该用被动语态，选项A和B可排除。这里是对宪法保证公平审判的事实，不需要用将来时态。选项D符合题意。

（14）形容词词义辨析。ethical“伦理的，道德的”；unethical“不道德的”；guilty“有罪的，内疚的”；unbiased“公正的”。句意：这个行业里面有些害群之马，这些人没有职业道德，并且不关心实际的公正。选项B符合题意。

（15）语法题。根据文章意思，空格引导的句子应该是一个非限制性定语从句，用来修饰上文提到的那些害群之马，根据名词concerns可知，关系代词应该用whose在定语从句中作定语。句意：那些人的关注点只在他们的钱包上。选项C符合题意。

（16）逻辑关系。根据上下文，可知这里是指没有被告辩护律师，这一体系将崩溃为一个简单的机器，在这个机器里，被告被假定有罪。选项A符合题意。

（17）逻辑关系。further“而且，更远地”；nevertheless“然而，不过”；otherwise“另外，否则”；though“虽然，尽管”。句意：否则，被告将无机会去辩论或证明。选项C符合题意。

（18）语法题。根据空格前的people可知，空格应该作后置定语修饰people，因为无辜的人们是被指控的，所以存在被动关系，用动词的-ed分词作后置定语。选项D符合题意。

（19）语法题。根据空格后mostunbiased用到了最高级，可知and前的空格也相应地要用最高级。选项C符合题意。

（20）语法题。根据文章，“Withoutdefenseattorneys,thatsystemcannotbecarriedout”，可知没有辩护律师，这一制度将无法实施。所以是做出了没有辩护律师的假定，可推断下文空格会用到虚拟语气。woulddo表示对现在的虚拟，句意：将会导致丧失国家享有和珍视的公民自由。又根据固定搭配resultin“导致”，选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

Hewasfiredbecausehewas（

）lateforwork.

问题1选项

A.occasionally

B.consistently

C.presently

D.weekly

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。occasionally“偶尔”；consistently“一贯地”；presently“不久，一会儿”；weekly“每周一次”。句意：他被解雇了，因为他上班总是迟到。选项B符合题意。

3.单选题

Thegovernormightconceivablyfindagenuineresolutiontothebudgetarydilemma,butshemaybetemptedtoengageinadeception:a_______exerciseinfiscalprudence.

问题1选项

A.rigorous

B.blatant

C.specious

D.convincing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项rigorous“严密的；严格的”；B选项blatant“公然的；炫耀的”；C选项specious“似是而非的；华而不实的”；D选项convincing“有说服力的”。句意：可以想象，这位州长可能会找到一个真正的解决预算困境的办法，但她可能会被诱导去搞一场骗局：一个_______的财政审慎行动。根据语境，specious“似是而非的；华而不实的”搭配deception“骗局”比较合理。因此C选项正确。

4.单选题

SomeofmyclassmatesinthesamedormestablishedachattinggroupontheNetwhenbroadbandwasavailableoncampus.Theneveryonefacedtheirownlaptopsandtalkedtoeachotherbysendingmessagesinthechattinggroupinthesameroom.Theirdormwassilentthewholenight.Theonlysoundcamefromtappingthekeyboard.Beforetheywenttobedthatnight,allofthemsighedandsaid,“that’sridiculous.”

InformationTechnologybringsaboutrevolutionarychangestohumancommunication.TheInternetmakestheworldglobalvillage;thatistosay,wecangetintouchwitheachotherswiftlyregardlessofone’slocation.However,doestheconvenienceincommunicationmeanthatweareactuallygettingcloser?Idon’tthinkso.Astheanecdoteaboveshows,accesstobroadbandmademyfellowclassmatesfallinsilence.TheCambridgeInternationalDictionarydefines“communication”as“variousmethodsofsendinginformationbetweenpeopleandplaces.”whileitdefines“communicate”as“tobeabletounderstandeachotherandhaveasatisfactoryrelationship.”Therefore.TheboomingofITinmodernsocietyisonlytheboomingofcommunication.Exchangingideasandmutualunderstandingbetweenpeopledonotbaseonsuchbooming.Onthecontrary,duetotherevolutionarychanges,we’regettingfartherfromeachothertosomeextent.

Mutualunderstandingisbasedonexpression.However,expressiondoesn’tnecessarilyleadtosoultouchingcommunicationandunderstanding.Whenwewafflewithamereacquaintance,wenormallyconcealourtruefeelings.Thus,wedon’testablishcommunicationwithhim,becausewedonotneedhimtounderstandus.Theeraofcyberspacefurtherdemonstratessuchseparationofformandcontent.

TheInternetgivesusnearlyabsolutefreedomtospeakandexpressourselves.Withtheprosperityofblog,thereare,accordingtorecentstatistics,about400,000bloggersinChinatoday.BloggersexpressthemselvesontheNetattheirwill,whileothersreadtheirblogandgivecommentsonceforawhile.Itseemsthatblogcanmakeustouchuponthebloggers’insideworld,andmakeusknowthembetter.However,thingsarenotalwaysthatperfect.

Manynetizensareabusingtheirrightoffreeexpression.OnceyouopentheExplorerandbrowseawebsite,trashinformationaboutsexandviolencehitsoureyes.PeoplescoldandflirtinthechatroomandBulletinBoardSystem(BBS).Whenblogcomesintobeing,netizenseventransfersuchvulgarityintotheirpersonalspaces,andshowittothepublic.

IntheeraoftheInformationTechnologyboom,thefarthestdistanceonearthisnolongerthepolardistance.Thenegativeimpactsbroughtaboutbycyberspacehaveimposedanunfilledgulfbetweensouls.Sincewecannotcommunicatetoeachotherlikebefore,thedistancebetweenpeople’sheartshasbecomethefarthestdistanceonearth.

1.Themostridiculouspartoftheanecdoteisthat（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,InformationTechnology（）.

3.TheauthorbelievesthattheboomingofITinmodernsociety（）.

4.Theprosperityofblogdoesnothelpustotoucheachotherbecause（）.

5.TheauthorbelievesthatintheeraoftheInformationTechnologyboomthedistancebetweenpeople’sheartshasbecomethefarthestdistanceonearthbecause（）.

问题1选项

A.therewasadeadsilenceinthedormroomthewholenight

B.theonlysoundcamefromtappingthekeyboard

C.thoselivinginthesameroomcommunicatedbysendingmessagesviatheNet

D.theyallfacedtheirownlaptops

问题2选项

A.bringspeopleclosertoeachother

B.resultsinsilenceamongherfellowclassmates

C.enablesustoreachanyoneswiftly

D.helpstomaketheworldaglobalvillage

问题3选项

A.encouragestheexchangeofideasandthemutualunderstandingbetweenpeople

B.leadstosoultouchingcommunicationandunderstanding

C.helpstoestablishasatisfactoryrelationship

D.resultsinfurtherseparationbetweenpeople

问题4选项

A.manypeopleabusetheirrightoffreeexpressionontheNet

B.vulgarityhasbeentransferredintobloggers’personalspaces

C.bloggersexpressthemselvesontheNetattheirwill

D.anyoneisabletoreadblogandgivecomments

问题5选项

A.thereisalwaysasilence

B.peoplearenotabletocommunicatetoeachotherlikebefore

C.theInternetgivesusnearlyabsolutefreedomtoexpressourselves

D.peoplecanscoldandflirtinthechatroomatwill

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段的内容可知，这个轶事最荒谬的是：大家待在同一个宿舍里，却通过网络发送信息进行交流。选项C符合原文。

2.根据第二段的第二句“TheInternetmakestheworldglobalvillage;thatistosay,wecangetintouchwitheachotherswiftlyregardlessofone’slocation.”互联网使世界成为地球村；也就是说，我们可以很快地联系到对方，不管对方在哪里。选项C符合原文。

3.根据第二段最后一句“Onthecontrary,duetotherevolutionarychanges,we’regettingfartherfromeachothertosomeextent.”信息技术使我们彼此在某种程度上越来越疏远。选项D符合原文。

4.根据倒数第二段第一句“Manynetizensareabusingtheirrightoffreeexpression.”许多网民滥用他们的言语自由权。选项A符合原文。

5.根据最后一段最后一句“Sincewecannotcommunicatetoeachotherlikebefore,thedistancebetweenpeople’sheartshasbecomethefarthestdistanceonearth.”由于我们不能像以前那样互相交流，人与人之间的心的距离已经成为地球上最远的距离。选项B符合原文。

5.单选题

Mostpeopleleftandthe（）satdowntowait.

问题1选项

A.remnants

B.remedy

C.remains

D.remainder

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项remnants“残余；残留物”；B选项remedy“补救；解决办法”；C选项remains“残余物；剩饭菜”；D选项remainder“残余；剩余物”。句意：大部分人都离开了，……坐着等。remnants一般是指残余部分、残迹。remains一般是指古迹，遗迹；遗骸等。句中的主语是人，大部分都走了，还有一部分剩下的人坐着等。remainder做名词时侧重于人和钱的剩余。因此D选项符合题意。

6.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese.

It’srainingagain.AsIlieawakeinbed,listeningtothesoundofthoserazor-sharpdropspoundingonthepavement,mymindgoesreelingdowndarkcorridorsteemingwithagonizingflashbacks,andachillfromwithinfillsmewithdread.It’sraining,again.

ItdoesthisyearinSouthernCalifornia;atleastthat’swhattheytoldmelastyearwhenImarveledattherelentlessdeterminationoftherain.Thereseemtobetwoseasonshere.Duringtherainyseason,sometimesthestormsdrenchtheareanonstopfordays.Sometimesthestormscomeandgo.Oftenpropertydamageanddisruptedlivesresult.It’shardtopredicttheintensityofthepatternsfromyeartoyear.Thenthereisthefireseason.Thattakescareofthepropertythatmanagedtosurvivethedeluge,againdisruptinglives.Thedaysconnectingtheseseasonsaremonotonous,withsomesun,somesmogandsomemoresun.ThisisnothinglikebackhomeinColorado.

【答案】又下雨了。我醒着躺在床上，听着那些犀利的的雨点掉落在人行道上的声音。我的思绪陷入了黑暗的走廊，充满了痛苦的回忆，内心的寒意让我充满恐惧。又在下雨了

加利福尼亚南部，今年也如此。当我对雨无情地下个不停感到惊奇时，至少，去年他们是这样告诉我的。这里似乎只有两个季节。在雨季，有时暴风雨连续几天不停地浸透这个地区。有时暴风雨来去不定。往往造成财产损失和生活混乱，每年都很难预测这种模式的强度。然后是火灾季节，从洪水中幸存下来的财物就落到它手里了，再一次扰乱人们的生活。连着这些季节的日子是单调的，仅有一些太阳，一些雾和一些更多的太阳。这和回科罗拉多的家完全不同。

7.单选题

He___athiswatchbeforehelefttheoffice.

问题1选项

A.glanced

B.glimpsed

C.glared

D.scribbled

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项glanced“瞥闪，瞥见，扫视，匆匆一看（强调主动的加以注意瞥了一眼）；浏览；斜击某物后斜弹开来；反光；轻擦（球）；（板球）斜击”；B选项glimpsed“瞥见（强调被动的，比如某个东西在眼前闪了一下，不是主动去看）”；C选项glared“怒目而视，瞪眼看；发出刺眼的光”；D选项scribbled“乱画；潦草地书写；写作（非正式）；粗疏（羊毛）”。句意：他离开办公室前___手表。本句表达“主动地瞥了一眼手表”。因此A选项正确。

8.单选题

ThepoetCarlosWilliamwasaNewJerseyphysician.

问题1选项

A.professor

B.doctor

C.physicist

D.resident

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。physician“内科大夫”，A选项professor“教授”；B选项doctor“医生”；C选项physicist“物理学家”；D选项resident“居民”。句意：诗人威廉姆•卡洛斯是新泽西州的一名内科大夫。只有B选项与physician含义相近。

9.单选题

Aterribletrafficaccidenthappened;peopleweresaddenedwhentheywatchedthe（

）sightonTV.

问题1选项

A.panic

B.patriotic

C.pathetic

D.periodic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。panic“恐慌的”；patriotic“爱国的”；pathetic“可怜的”；periodic“周期的”。句意：发生了一场严重的交通事故；当人们从电视上看到这个可怜的场面的时候都非常伤心。选项C符合题意。

10.单选题

Andyet,despitethesepowerful_______togrowth,therecessionprovedsurprisinglymild.

问题1选项

A.counterforce

B.stimulants

C.concomitants

D.manipulation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项counterforce“反作用力”；B选项stimulants“兴奋剂”；C选项concomitants“相伴的事物”；D选项manipulation“操纵；处理”。句意：然而，尽管这些强大的_______在增长，但经济衰退却出乎意料地轻微。根据语境，counterforce“反作用力”搭配growth“增长”比较合理，也符合题意反作用力和经济衰退轻微的反差。因此A选项正确。

11.单选题

HetoldArablawmakerswhotookpartintheprotestthat“thedaywillcomewhenwewillbanishyoufromthenationalhome”.

问题1选项

A.conquer

B.transfer

C.depart

D.exile

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.conquer占领，攻克B.transfer转职，转学，改变（环境）

C.depart离开，离去D.exile流放，放逐

【答案】D

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】banish的意思为“放逐，流放，把（某人）驱逐出境”，这里指把参加抗议活动的阿拉伯议员驱逐出境，exile与之词义相近，因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项词义与之不符。

【句意】他告诉参加抗议活动的阿拉伯议员：“我们把你们赶出国家的那一天终将到来。”

12.单选题

Peoplefromdifferentcultureshavedifferent（）oftheworld.

问题1选项

A.impressions

B.foundations

C.complications

D.conceptions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项impressions“印象，效果”；B选项foundations“基础，地基”；C选项complications“并发症，复杂”；D选项conceptions“概念，设想”。句意：来自不同文化的人对世界有不同的（）。本句表示“不同的人对世界有不同的印象”。因此A选项符合题意。

13.单选题

BarbaraStrozziwasasingerandcomposerofmadrigalsariasandcantataspublishedinVenicebetween1644and1664.Heruseofthesevocalformsplacesherdirectlywithinthecantatatraditionofthemid-seventeenthcentury,alongwithsuchmayorfigureasRossi,Carissimi,andCesti.WiththenotableexceptionofFrancescaCaccioi(1587-1640),sheistheonlyknownwomanamongthemanyariaandcantatacomposersofseventeenth-centuryItaly,andis,presumably,amongtheveryfewwomenoftheperiodtohavepursuedacareerasacomposerandtohaveachievedsomemeasureofpublicrecognition.

Thishistoricaldistinctionattractedattentiontoherworksearlyinthepresentcentury,evenwhenthemusicofmostofhermalecontemporaries,and,indeed,mostwomencomposersofanyera,remainedrelativelyignored.Butappreciationofherstylewaslimitedbyprevailingconventiontoanisolationofitssupposedlyfemininequalities:“greatspontaneity,exquisitegrace,marvelouslyfinetaste.”Suchanappreciationnowappearsirrelevantaswellaspolemicalinitsincompletenessbecauseweareinabetterposition-withregardtobothhistoricalknowledgeandsocialawareness-toattemptamorepreciseevaluationforasomewhatanomalous(unusual)figurelikeBarbaraStrozzi.

Bornin1619inVenice,shegrewupinthehomeofGiulioStrozzi,arenownedpoetandleadingfigureamongVenetianintellectuals.Barbara’spresenceinGiulio’shouseholdguaranteedheranearlyandfullexposuretoVenetianmusicalandliterarysociety.Indeed,shewasabletoenteraworldthatwas,apparently,closedtoothermembersofhersex.Similarly,FrancescaCaccini,themostprominentandsuccessfulItalianwomancomposeroftheperiod,wasthedaughterofprofessionmusiciansandthereforeexposedtomusicfrominfancy.Thisparallelsuggeststhatsuchanenvironmentmayhavebeenessentialforthedevelopmentofafemalecomposer.

1.Accordingtothepassage,BarbaraStrozzi’smusicattractedattentionearlyinthetwentiethcenturybecauseof（

）.

2.Theauthor’suseoftheword“supposedly”(line4,Para.2)implieswhichofthefollowing?

3.TheauthorofthepassagebasesherassertionthatStrozziisoneoftheveryfewseventeenth-centuryItalianwomencomposersonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?

4.TheauthorofthepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwasmostessentialtothesuccessofbothFrancescaCacciniandBarbaraStrozzi?

5.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatallofthefollowingmadeBarbaraStrozzi“asomewhatanomalousfigure”EXCEPT（

）.

问题1选项

A.itsuniquelyprivatecharacter

B.itsinfluenceonFrancescaCaccini

C.thescarcityofseventeenth-centurywomencomposers

D.theunconventionalityofitsforms

问题2选项

A.Theauthordoubtsthehistoricalauthenticityofthequotationthatfollows.

B.Theauthordoubtstheaccuracyofthefactssheisreporting.

C.Theauthordisagreeswiththejudgmentsheisdiscussing.

D.TheauthordoesnotbelievethatStrozzi9smusichasthequalitiescitedinthequotation.

问题3选项

A.Publicrecognitionisanindispensablepartofacareerasacomposer.

B.StrozziandCacciniwereinfluencedbythesamecomposers.

C.Themusicofanywomancomposerwhomherseventeenth-centurycontemporariesregardedasnoteworthywouldbeknowntomodemscholars.

D.Thecantatatraditionofthemed-seventeenthcenturyincludescomposersscholarsandperformersofmadrigalsandariasaswellascantatas.

问题4选项

A.TheirpresenceinVeniceatatimewhenvocalmusicnourished.

B.Theirearlyfirsthandexposuretomusicandmusicians.

C.Thelackofcompetitionfromothercomposers.

D.Thepopularityofmadrigalsandcantatasinseventeenth-centuryItaly.

问题5选项

A.shewasawomancomposerduringtheseventeenthcentury

B.shedidnotwritedramaticworksforvoice

C.shedidnotperformoperaticworks

D.shewrotemovingvocalworks

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第二段提到这一历史上的与众不同在本世纪初吸引了人们对她作品的关注，而这时大多数和她同时代的男性作曲家，甚至任何时代的女性作曲家的作品，仍然相对被忽视（Thishistoricaldistinctionattractedattentiontoherworksearlyinthepresentcentury,evenwhenthemusicofmostofhermalecontemporaries,and,indeed,mostwomencomposersofanyera,remainedrelativelyignored），由此可知她的作品之所以吸引别人的关注是因为她作品的与众不同，选项D符合题意。

2.推理判断题。文章第二段提到对她风格的欣赏受到了主流传统的限制，局限于对其女性化特质的孤立：自发性、精致的优雅、绝妙的品味（Butappreciationofherstylewaslimitedbyprevailingconventiontoanisolationofitssupposedlyfemininequalities:“greatspontaneity,exquisitegrace,marvelouslyfinetaste”），由此可知作者并不赞成这种观点，因此选项C符合题意。

3.推理判断题。文章第一段最后一句话提到她是十七世纪意大利众多咏叹调和大合唱作曲家中唯一知名的女性，而且她是那个时期为数不多的从事作曲家事业并获得一定程度的公众认可的女性之一（sheistheonlyknownwomanamongthemanyariaandcantatacomposersofseventeenth-centuryItaly,andis,presumably,amongtheveryfewwomenoftheperiodtohavepursuedacareerasacomposerandtohaveachievedsomemeasureofpublicrecognition），因此选项D符合题意。

4.推理判断题。文章最后一段提到芭芭拉很早就接触了威尼斯音乐和文学社会（Barbara’spresenceinGiulio’shouseholdguaranteedheranearlyandfullexposuretoVenetianmusicalandliterarysociety），接着提到了成功的意大利女性作曲家卡西尼从婴儿时期就接触音乐（Similarly,FrancescaCaccini,themostprominentandsuccessfulItalianwomancomposeroftheperiod,wasthedaughterofprofessionmusiciansandthereforeexposedtomusicfrominfancy），因此选项B符合题意。

5.推理判断题。四个选项中，除了选项A“她是17世纪女作曲家”不是她不寻常的原因外，其他三项都是。

14.单选题

Thesuggestionthatthemayor（

）theprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone.

问题1选项

A.wouldpresent

B.present

C.presents

D.oughttopresent

【答案】B

【解析】语法（虚拟语气）题。suggestion做主语的句子，是虚拟语气的用法，从句用should+动词原型，should可以省略。所以省略should的B选项正确。

15.单选题

[A]Amilk[B]canprovideprotein[C]foracheap,[D]nutritionallybalanceddiet.

问题1选项

A.A

B.canprovide

C.foracheap

D.nutritionally

【答案】A

【解析】【考查点】冠词的使用。

【解题思路】Milk（牛奶）是不可数名词，因此不能用不定冠词a修饰，故去掉a。该题选择A项。

【句意】牛奶可以提供蛋白质，提供便宜、营养均衡的饮食。

16.单选题

Withoutyourhelp,____wesomuch.

问题1选项

A.didn’tachieve

B.wouldnothaveachieved

C.willnotachieve

D.don’tachieve

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。without引出虚拟语气，并且是对过去的事情进行虚拟，所以要用“wouldhavedone”。本句的意思是：“如果没有你的帮助，我们不可能取得这么大的成就。”

17.单选题

WhenA.PhilipRandolphassumedtheleadershipoftheBrotherhoodofSleepingCarPorters,hebeganaten-yearbattletowinrecognitionfromthePullmanCompany,thelargestprivateemployerofBlackpeopleintheUnitedStatesandthecompanythatcontrolledtherailroadindustry’ssleepingcarandparlorservice.In1935theBrotherhoodbecamethefirstBlackunionrecognizedbyamajorcorporation.Randolph’seffortsinthebattlehelpedtransformtheattitudeofBlackworkerstowardunionsandtowardthemselvesasanidentifiablegroup;eventually,Randolphhelpedtoweakenorganizedlabor’santagonismtowardBlackworkers.

InthePullmancontestRandolphfacedformidableobstacles.ThefirstwasBlackworkers’understandableskepticismtowardunions,whichhadhistoricallybarredBlackworkersfrommembership.AnadditionalobstaclewastheunionthatPullmanitselfhadformed,whichweakenedsupportamongBlackworkersforanindependententity.

TheBrotherhoodpossessedanumberofadvantages,however,includingRandolph’sowntacticalabilities.In1928hetooktheboldstepofthreateningastrikeagainstPullman.Suchathreat,onanationalscale,underBlackleadership,helpedreplacethestereotypeoftheBlackworkerasservantwiththeimageoftheBlackworkeraswageearner.Inaddition,theporters’veryisolationaidedtheBrotherhood.Porterswerescatteredthroughoutthecountry,sleepingindormitoriesinBlackcommunities;theirsegregatedlifeprotectedtheunion’internalcommunicationsfrominterception.Thattheporterswereahomogeneousgroupworkingforasingleemployerwithsinglelaborpolicy,thussharingthesamegrievancesfromcitytocity,alsostrengthenedtheBrotherhoodandencouragedracialidentityandsolidarityaswell.Butitwasonlyintheearly1930sthatfederallegislationprohibitingacompanyfrommaintainingitsownunionswithcompanymoneyeventuallyallowedtheBrotherhoodtobecomerecognizedastheporters’representative.

Notcontentwiththistriumph,RandolphbroughttheBrotherhoodintotheAmericanFederationofLabor,whereitbecametheequaloftheFederation’s105otherunions.Hereasonedthatasamemberunion,theBrotherhoodwouldbeinabetterpositiontoexertpressureonmemberunionsthatpracticedracerestrictions.Suchrestrictionswereeventuallyfoundunconstitutionalin1944.

1.Accordingtothepassage,by1935theskepticismofBlackworkerstowardunionswas____.

2.Inusingtheword“understandable”(Para.2),theauthormostclearlyconveys____.

3.ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingabouttheresponseofporterstothePullmanCompany’sownunion?

4.ThepassagesuggeststhatifthegrievancesofportersinonepartoftheUnitedStateshadbeendifferentfromthoseofportersinanotherpartofthecountry,whichofthefollowingwouldhavebeenthecase?

5.ThepassagesuppliesinformationconcerningwhichofthefollowingmattersrelatedtoRandolph?

问题1选项

A.unchangedexceptamongBlackemployeesofrailroad-relatedindustries

B.reinforcedbytheactionsofthePullmanCompany’sunion

C.mitigatedbytheeffortsofRandolph

D.weakenedbytheopeningupofmanyunionstoBlackworkers

问题2选项

A.sympathywithattemptsbytheBrotherhoodbetween1925and1935toestablishanindependentunion

B.concernthattheobstaclesfacedbyRandolphbetween1925and1935wereindeedformidable

C.ambivalenceaboutthesignificanceofunionstomostBlackworkersinthe1920s

D.appreciationoftheattitudeofmanyBlackworkersinthe1920stowardunions

问题3选项

A.Fewporterseverjoinedthisunion.

B.Someporterssupportedthisunionbefore1935.

C.Porters,morethanotherPullmanemployees,enthusiasticallysupportedthisunion.

D.Theporters’responsewasmostpositiveafter1935.

问题4选项

A.ItwouldhavebeenmoredifficultforthePullmanCompanytohavehadasinglelaborpolicy.

B.ItwouldhavebeenmoredifficultfortheBrotherhoodtocontrolitschannelsofcommunication.

C.ItwouldhavebeenmoredifficultfortheBrotherhoodtobuilditsmembership.

D.ItwouldhavebeeneasierforthePullmanCompany’suniontoattractmembership.

问题5选项

A.ThestepshetooktoinitiatethefoundingoftheBrotherhood.

B.HismotivationforbringingtheBrotherhoodintotheAmericanFederationofLabor.

C.Theinfluencehehadonthepassageoflegislationoverturningracerestrictionsin1944.

D.Theinfluencehehadonthepassageoflegislationtobarcompaniesfromfinancingtheirownunions.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.【选项释义】

Accordingtothepassage,by1935theskepticismofBlackworkerstowardunionswas____.根据这篇文章，到1935年，黑人工人对工会的怀疑____。

A.unchangedexceptamongBlackemployeesofrailroad-relatedindustriesA.是不变的除了铁路相关行业的黑人雇员外

B.reinforcedbytheactionsofthePullman