考研考博-英语-内蒙古科技职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内蒙古科技职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Tattoosdidn’tspringupwiththedawnofbikergangsandrock“n”rollbands.They’vebeenaroundforalongtimeandhadmanydifferentmeaningsoverthecourseofhistory.

Foryears,scientistsbelievedthatEgyptiansandNubianswerethefirstpeopletotattootheirbodies.Then,in1991,amummywasdiscovered,datingbacktotheBronzeAgeofabout3,300B.C.“TheIceman”,asthespecimenwasdubbed,hadseveralmarkingsonhisbody,includingacrossontheinsideofhiskneeandlinesonhisankleandback.Itisbelievedthesetattoosweremadeinacurativeeffort.

Beingsoadvance,theEgyptiansreportedlyspreadthepracticeoftattooingthroughouttheworld.Thepyramid-buildingthirdandfourthdynastiesofEgyptdevelopedinternationalnationswithCreteGreece,PersiaandArabia.ThearttattooingstretchedoutallthewaytoSoutheastAsiaby2,000B.C.Aroundthesametime,theJapanesebecameinterestedintheartbutonlyforitsdecorativeattributes,asopposedtomagicalones.TheJapanesetattooartistsweretheundisputedmasters.Theiruseofcolors,perspective,andimaginativedesignsgavethepracticeawholenewangle.DuringthefirstmillenniumA.D.,JapanadoptedChinesecultureinmanyaspectsandconfinedtattooingtobrandingwrongdoers.

IntheBalkans,theThracianshadadifferentuseforthecraft.Aristocrats,accordingtoHerodotus,usedittoshowtheworldtheirsocialstatus.AlthoughearlyEuropeansdabbledwithtattooing,theytrulyrediscoveredtheartfromwhentheworldexplorationofthepost-Renaissancemadethemseekoutnewcultures.ItwastheirmeetingwithPolynesianthatintroducedthemtotattooing.Theword,infactisderivedfromthePolynesianwordtattau,whichmeans“tomark”.

Mostoftheearlyusesoftattooswereornamental.However,anumberofcivilizationshadpracticalapplicationsforthiscraft.TheGoths,atribeofGermanicbarbariansfamousforpillagingRomansettlements,usedtattoostomarktheirslaves.Romansdidthesamewithslavesandcriminals.

InTahiti,tattooswereariteofpassageandtoldthehistoryoftheperson’slife.Reachingadulthood,boysgotonetattootocommemoratetheevent.Menweremarkedwithanotherstylewhentheygotmarried.

Later,tattoosbecamethesouvenirofchoiceforglobetrottingsailors.Whenevertheywouldreachanexoticlocale,theywouldgetanewtattootomarktheoccasion.Adragonwasafamousstylethatmeantthesailorhadreacheda“Chinastation”.Atfirst,sailorswouldspendtheirfreetimeontheshiptattooingthemselvesandtheirmates.Soonafter,tattooparlorsweresetupinthearea,surroundingportsworldwide.

Inthemiddleofthe19thcentury,policeofficialsbelievedthathalfofthecriminalunderworldinNewYorkCityhadtattoos.Portareaswererenownedforbeingroughplacesfullofsailorsthatwereguiltyofsomecrimeoranother.Thisismostlikelyhowtattoosgotsuchabadreputationandbecameassociatedwithrebelsanddelinquents.

1.Accordingtothepassage,tattooswereadoptedforallofthefollowingpurposesEXCEPT（）.

2.Tattoowasbelievedtobecreated（）.

3.InJapan,tattooswereacceptedas（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.WhydidtattoosbecomeassociatedwithrebelsanddelinquentsinNewYork?

问题1选项

A.totreatthedisease

B.tochallengesocialmores

C.torecordthefootprintsofone'slife

D.toadornoneself

问题2选项

A.togetherwithbikergangsandrock"n"rollbands

B.in1991whenamummywasdiscovered

C.firstlyinSoutheastAsiaby2,000B.C.

D.byEgyptiansandNubians

问题3选项

A.ameansofornament

B.asymbolofmagicalpower

C.awayofcommunication

D.asignofsuccess

问题4选项

A.BothChinaandJapanconfinedtattooingtomarkingcriminals.

B.Romansusedtattoosfordecoration.

C.Sailorstooktattoosasthegiftfortheirfriendsandrelatives.

D.Tattooparlorswereusuallyfoundindowntownareas.

问题5选项

A.Becauseinthemiddleofthe19thcentury,criminalswereusuallytattooedbythegovernment.

B.Becausesailorshadtattoosandsomeofthesailorswereguiltyofsomecrimeoranother.

C.Becausetattooswerethemarksforthemembersofcertainorganizations.

D.BecausePortauthoritiesrequiredthesailorstoweartattoos.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.根据第二段的最后一句“Itisbelievedthesetattoosweremadeinacurativeeffort.”可知选项A正确；根据第四段的第二句“...usedittoshowtheworldtheirsocialstatus.”可知选项B表达有误；根据第六段的第一句“InTahiti,tattooswereariteofpassageandtoldthehistoryoftheperson'slife.”可知选项C正确；根据第七段的第一句“Later,tattoosbecamethesouvenirofchoiceforglobetrottingsailors.”可知选项D正确。所以本题选B。

2.根据第二段的第一句“Foryears,scientistsbelievedthatEgyptiansandNubianswerethefirstpeopletotattootheirbodies.”可知选项D正确。

3.根据第三段的第四句“theJapanesebecameinterestedintheartbutonlyforitsdecorativeattributes,asopposedtomagicalones.”日本人对这种艺术产生了兴趣，但只是因为它的装饰性，而不是魔力。选项A正确。

4.根据第三段的最后一句“DuringthefirstmillenniumA.D.,JapanadoptedChinesecultureinmanyaspectsandconfinedtattooingtobrandingwrongdoers.”可知选项A正确；根据第五段的最后一句“...usedtattoostomarktheirslaves.Romansdidthesamewithslavesandcriminals.”可知选项B错误；选项C在文中没有提及；根据倒数第二段的最后一句“Soonafter,tattooparlorsweresetupinthearea,surroundingportsworldwide.”可知选项D错误。

5.根据最后一段的内容可知，19世纪中叶，警方认为纽约市一半的黑社会罪犯都有纹身。港口地区以到处都是犯了某种罪行的水手而闻名。这很有可能是纹身名声如此之差，并与反叛分子和犯罪分子联系在一起的原因。选项B符合原文。

2.单选题

Theymakebetteruseofthetimetheyhave,andtheyarelesslikelytoyieldtofatigueinstressfuljobs.

问题1选项

A.tosuccumbtobeingtired

B.tosustainthefatigue

C.toendurethelongstrain

D.toexposethemtotherisks

【答案】A

【解析】本题考查短语搭配。A选项tosuccumbtobeingtired屈服于疲劳；B选项tosustainthefatigue维持疲劳；C选项toendurethelongstrain承受长期压力；D选项toexposethemtotherisks暴露在风险下。句意：他们很好地利用了现有时间，不会轻易地因充满压力的工作弄得疲劳不堪。因此，等同于toyieldtofatigue“屈服疲劳”的选项是A项。

3.单选题

ManyliterarydetectiveshaveporedoveragreatpuzzleconcerningthewriterMarcelProust:whathappenedin1909?HowdidContreSaint-Beuve,anessayattackingthemethodsofthecriticSaintBeuve,turnintothestartofthenovelRemembranceofThingsPast"!ArecentlypublishedletterfromProusttotheeditorValletteconfirmsthatFallois,theeditorofthe1954editionofContreSaint-Beuve,madeanessentiallycorrectguessabouttherelationshipoftheessaytothenovel.FalloisproposedthatProusthadtriedtobeginanovelin1908,abandoneditforwhatwastobealongdemonstrationofSaint-Beuve'sblindnesstotherealnatureofgreatwriting,foundtheessaygivingrisetopersonalmemoriesandfictionaldevelopments,andallowedthesetotakeoverinasteadilydevelopingnovel.

DraftpassagesinProust's1909notebooksindicatethatthetransitionfromessaytonovelbeganinContreSaint-Beuve,whenProustintroducedseveralexamplestoshowthepowerfulinfluencethatinvoluntarymemoryexertsoverthecreativeimagination.Ineffect,intryingtodemonstratethattheimaginationismoreprofoundandlesssubmissivetotheintellectthanSaint-Beuveassumed,Proustelicitedvitalmemoriesofhisownand,findingsubtleconnectionsbetweenthem,begantoamassthematerialforRemembrance.ByAugust,ProustwaswritingtoVallette,informinghimofhisintentiontodevelopthematerialasanovel.MauriceBardeche,inMarcelProust,Romancier,hasshowntheimportanceinthedraftsofRemembranceofspontaneousandapparentlyrandomassociationsofProust'ssubconscious.AsincidentsandreflectionsoccurredtoProust,hecontinuallyinsertednewpassagesalteringandexpandinghisnarrative.Buthefounditdifficulttocontrolthedriftofhisinspiration.Theveryrichnessandcomplexityofthemeaningfulrelationshipsthatkeptpresentingandrearrangingthemselvesonalllevels,fromabstractintelligencetoprofounddreamyfeelings,madeitdifficultforProusttosetthemoutcoherently.Thebeginningofcontrolcamewhenhesawhowtoconnectthebeginningandtheendofhisnovel.

IntriguedbyProust'sclaimthathehad"begunandfinished"Remembranceatthesametime,HenriBonnetdiscoveredthatpartsofRemembrance'slastbookwereactuallystartedin1909.Alreadyinthatyear,Prousthaddrafteddescriptionsofhisnovel'scharactersintheiroldagethatwouldappearinthefinalbookofRemembrance,wherethepermanenceofartissetagainsttheravagesoftime.ThelettertoVallette,draftsoftheessayandnovel,andBonnet'sresearchesestablishinbroadoutlinetheprocessbywhichProustgeneratedhisnoveloutoftheruinsofhisessay.Butthoseofuswhohoped,withKolb,thatKolb'snewlypublishedcompleteeditionofProust'scorrespondencefor1909woulddocumenttheprocessingreaterdetailaredisappointed.ForuntilProustwasconfidentthathewasatlastinsightofaviablestructureforRemembrance,hetoldfewcorrespondentsthathewasproducinganythingmoreambitiousthanContreSaint-Beuve.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（）

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatallofthefollowingareliterarydetectiveswhohavetried,bymeansofeitherscholarshiporcriticism,tohelpsolvethe"greatpuzzle"mentionedinLine1EXCEPT（）

3.Accordingtothepassage,indraftsofContreSaint-BeuveProustsetouttoshowthatSaint-Beuvemadewhichofthefollowingmistakesasacritic?

I.Saint-Beuvemadenoefforttostudythedevelopmentofanovelthroughitsdraftsandrevisions.

II.Saint-Beuveassignedtoogreataroleinthecreativeprocesstoawriter'sconsciousintellect.

III.Saint-Beuveconcentratedtoomuchonplotsandnotenoughonimageryandotherelementsofstyle.

4.Whichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'sattitudetowardtheinformationthatscholarshavegatheredaboutProust'swritingin1909?

5.TheauthorofthepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwouldbetheLEASTusefulsourceofinformationaboutProust'stransitionfromworkingonContreSaint-BeuvetohavingaviablestructureforRemembranceofThingsPast?

问题1选项

A.theroleofinvoluntarymemoryinProust'swriting

B.evidenceconcerningthegenesisofProust'snovelRemembranceofThingsPast

C.conflictingscholarlyopinionsaboutthevalueofstudyingthedraftsofRemembranceofThingsPast

D.Proust'scorrespondenceandwhatitrevealsaboutRemembranceofThingsPast

问题2选项

A.Bardeche

B.Bonnet

C.Fallois

D.Vallette

问题3选项

A.IIonly

B.IIIonly

C.IandIIonly

D.I,II,andIII

问题4选项

A.TheauthorisdisappointedthatnonewdocumentshavecometolightsinceFallois'sspeculations.

B.Theauthorisdissatisfiedbecausetherearetoomanygapsandinconsistenciesinthedrafts.

C.TheauthorisconfidentthatFallois's1954guesshasbeenprovedlargelycorrect,butregretsthatstillmoredetaileddocumentationconcerningProust'stransitionfromtheessaytothenovelhasnotemerged.

D.TheauthorissatisfiedthatFallois'sjudgmentwaslargelycorrect,butfeelsthatProust'searlyworkindesigningandwritingthenovelwasprobablyfarmoredeliberatethanFallois'sdescriptionoftheprocesswouldsuggest.

问题5选项

A.Fallois'scommentsinthe1954editionofContreSaint-Beuve.

B.Proust's1909notebooks,includingthedraftsofRemembranceofThingsPast.

C.Proust's1909correspondence,excludingthelettertoVallette.

D.Bardeche'sMarcelProust,Romancier.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:主旨思想题。文章首段提及许多文学考据家思考着一个涉及马塞尔·普鲁斯特（MarcelProust）的不解之谜：1909年究竟发生了什么？《驳圣伯夫》一文——一篇抨击批评家圣伯夫批评方法的论文——是如何转变成为小说《追忆似水年华》的开端的？之后段落试图找到《驳圣伯夫》这篇论文是如何转化为小说《追忆似水年华》的答案，由此可知，文章主要在论述小说《追忆似水年华》产生的证据。故答案为B。

第2题:事实细节题。文中首段提及Fallois就论文与小说之间的关系做了一种本质上正确的猜测。第二段提及MauriceBardeche在《马塞尔·普鲁斯特——小说家》中,证明了在《追忆似水年华》草稿中普鲁斯特的潜意识里那些自发的不规则的联结的重要性。第三段提及HenriBonnet（亨利·博内）揭示，小说最后一卷的某些章节确实始于1909年。而选项D中提及的Vallette，只是普鲁斯特致编辑瓦莱特（Vallette）的信函，并没有对小说做考究。故答案为D。

第3题:信息推断题。第一个说法明显错误，文中没有提及要通过手稿研究小说发展；第三个提到的plots，在文中也没有提及。文章首段"Saint-Beuve'sblindnesstotherealnatureofgreatwriting"提及圣伯夫长期以来对伟大文学作品的真正本质盲目无知。与文中提及的"过度强调创意的过程而忽略了作家的有意识的智慧"意义相符。故答案为A。

第4题:信息推断题。根据最后一段的倒数第二句“Kolb'snewlypublishedcompleteeditionofProust'scorrespondencefor1909woulddocumenttheprocessingreaterdetailaredisappointed.”科尔布新出版的《普鲁斯特1909年书信全集》将更详细地记录这一过程，但因细节没有呈现让人很失望。选项C符合原文。

第5题:细节推断题。文章主要探讨《驳圣伯夫》一文——一篇抨击批评家圣伯夫批评方法的论文是如何转变成为小说《追忆似水年华》的开端的？作者主要给出了3个证据。选项A与第一段中的"ArecentlypublishedletterfromProusttotheeditorValletteconfirmsthat..."信息对应；选项B与第二段中的"Proust's1909notebooksindicatethat..."信息对应；选项D与"MauriceBardeche,inMarcelProust,romancier,hasshowntheimportance..."信息对应；选项C将写给Vallette的信排除在外，与文章第一段中的"ArecentlypublishedletterfromProusttotheeditorValletteconfirmsthatFallois"信息不符。故答案为C。

4.单选题

Thereisnothinglikethesuggestionofacancerrisktoscareaparent,especiallyoneoftheover-educated,eco-conscioustypes.SoyoucanimaginethereactionwhenarecentUSATodayinvestigationofairqualityaroundthecanon’sschoolssingledoutthoseinthesmuglygreenvillageofBerkeley,Calif,asbeingamongtheworstinthecountry.Thecity’spublichighschool,aswellasanumberofdaycarecenter,preschools,elementaryandmiddleschools,fellinthelowest10%.Industrialpollutioninourtownhadsupposedlyturnedstudentsintolivingscienceexperimentbreathinginalaboratory’sworthofheavymetalslikemanganese,chromiumandnickeleachday.Thisisinacitythatrequiresschoolcafeteriastoserveorganicmeals.Great,Ithought,organiclunch,toxiccampus.

SinceDecember,whenthereportcameout,themayor,neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent-teacherassociationshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity,overtheguiltofthesteed-castingfactoryonthewesternedgeoftown,overunionjobsversuschildren’shealthandoverwhat,ifanything,oughttobedone.Withallsidespresentingtheirownexpertsarmedwithconflictingscientificstudies,whomshouldparentsbelieve?Istheretrulyathreathere?Weasksoneanotheraswedroppedoffourkids,andifso,howgreatitis?Andhowdoesitcomparewiththeother,seeminglyperpetualhealthscaresweconfront,likepanicoverleadinsyntheticathleticfields?Ratherthanjustanotherweirdepisodeinthetownthatbroughtyouprotestingenvironmentalists,thislatestdramaisatrialforhowtoday’sparentsperceiverisk,howwetrytokeepourkidssafewhetherit’spossibletokeepthemsafeinwhatfeelslikeanincreasinglythreateningworld.Itraisesthequestionofwhat,inourtime,“safe”couldevenmean.

“There’snowayaroundtheuncertainty”，saysKimberlyThompson,presidentofKidRisk,anonprofitgroupthatstudieschildren’shealth.“Thatmeansyourchoicescanmatter,butitalsomeansyouaren’tgoingtoknowiftheydo.”A2004reportinthejournalPediatricsexplainedthatnervousparentshavemoretofearfromfire,caraccidentsanddrowningthanfromtoxicchemicalexposure.TowhichIsay:Well,obviously.Butsuchconcretehazardsarebesidethepoint.It'sthedangersparentscan’tandmaynever-quantifythatoccurallofsudden.That’swhyI’veridmycupboardofmicrowavefoodpackedinbagscoatedwithapotentialcancer-causingsubstance,butalthoughI’velivedblocksfromamajorfaultlineformorethan12years,Istillhaven’tboltedourbookcasestothelivingroomwall.

1.WhatdoesarecentinvestigationbyUSATodayreveal?

2.WhatresponsedidUASToday’sreportdraw?

3.Howdidparentsfeelinthefaceoftheexperts'studies?

4.Whatistheviewofthe2004reportinthejournalPediatrics'?

5.Ofthedangersineverydaylife,theauthorthinksthatpeoplehavemosttofearfrom（

）.

问题1选项

A.Heavymetalsinlabteststhreatenchildren'shealthinBerkeley.

B.Berkeleyresidentsarequitecontentedwiththeirsurroundings.

C.TheairqualityaroundBerkeley’sschoolcampusesispoor.

D.ParentsinBerkeleyareover-sensitivetocancerriskstheirkidsface.

问题2选项

A.Aheateddebate.

B.Popularsupport.

C.Widespreadpanic.

D.Strongcriticism.

问题3选项

A.Theyfeltverymuchrelieved.

B.Theywerefrightenedbytheevidence.

C.Theydidn'tknowwhotobelieve.

D.Theyweren'tconvincedoftheresults.

问题4选项

A.Itisimportanttoquantifyvariousconcretehazards.

B.Dailyaccidentsposeamoreseriousthreattochildren.

C.Parentsshouldbeawareofchildren'shealthhazards.

D.Attentionshouldbepaidtotoxicchemicalexposure.

问题5选项

A.theuncertain

B.thequantifiable

C.anearthquake

D.unhealthyfood

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中SoyoucanimaginethereactionwhenarecentUSATodayinvestigationofairqualityaroundthecanon’sschoolssingledoutthoseinthesmuglygreenvillageofBerkeley,Calif,asbeingamongtheworstinthecountry.（因此，你可以想象，最近《今日美国》对全国学校周围空气质量的调查，将加利福尼亚州的伯克利绿色村庄也列为全国空气质量状况最差的地区之中）可知选C。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第二段第一句中SinceDecember,whenthereportcameout,themayor,neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent-teacherassociationshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity（自去年12月该报告发布以来，市长、社区积极分子和各种家长教师协会就该报告的有效性展开了激烈的讨论）可知选A。

第3题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中Withallsidespresentingtheirownexpertsarmedwithconflictingscientificstudies,whomshouldparentsbelieve?（由于各方都提出了一些支持各自观点的专家，但这些专家的科学研究是相互矛盾的，家长应该相信谁？）以及后面的一连串提问，可知父母对这些观点感到困惑，不知道该相信谁，因此选C。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中A2004reportinthejournalPediatricsexplainedthatnervousparentshavemoretofearfromfire,caraccidentsanddrowningthanfromtoxicchemicalexposure.（《儿科杂志》2004年的一份报告解释说，神经紧张的父母对火灾、车祸和溺水的恐惧比有毒化学暴露更多）可推测父母对日常容易遇到的事故更担心，因此选B。

第5题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中There’snowayaroundtheuncertainty...It'sthedangersparentscan’t—andmaynever-quantifythatoccurallofsudden.（无法避免这种不确定性……这是父母无法——也可能永远不会量化突然发生的危险）可推测作者认为父母最大的恐惧来源于不确定性，因此选A。

5.单选题

Theyfailedthistime,butIwould______aguessthattheywilldofairlywellinthenextelection.

问题1选项

A.pursue

B.hazard

C.illustrate

D.crave

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项pursue“继续，从事，追赶”，B项hazard“大胆猜测，冒……的危险”，C项illustrate“阐明，举例说明，图解”，D项crave“渴望，恳求”。由空格后的guess“猜测”可知，B项符合语境。句意：他们这次失败了，但我敢打赌他们在下次选举中会表现得相当好。因此，该题选择B项正确。

6.单选题

Accordingtoasurvey,whichwasbasedontheresponsesofover188,000students,today’straditional-agecollegefreshmenare“morematerialisticandlessaltruistic(利他主义的)”thanatanytimeinthe17yearsofthepoll.

Notsurprisinginthesehardtimes,thestudent’smajorobjective“istobefinanciallywelloff.Lessimportantthaneverisdevelopingameaningfulphilosophyoflife”.Itfollowsthenthattodaythemostpopularcourseisnotliteratureorhistorybutaccounting.

Interestinteaching,socialserviceandthe“altruistic”fieldsisatalow.Ontheotherhand,enrollmentinbusinessprograms,engineeringandcomputerscienceiswayup.

That’snosurpriseeither.Afriendofmine(asalesrepresentativeforachemicalcompany)wasmakingtwicethesalaryofhercollegeinstructorsherfirstyearonthejob—evenbeforeshecompletedhertwo-yearassociatedegree.

Whileit’struethatweallneedacareer,itisequallytruethatourcivilizationhasaccumulatedanincredibleamountofknowledgeinfieldsfarremovedfromourownandthatwearebetterforourunderstandingoftheseothercontributions—betheyscientificorartistic.Itisequallytruethat,instudyingthediversewisdomofothers,welearnhowtothink.Moreimportant,perhaps,educationteachesustoseetheconnectionsbetweenthings,aswellastoseebeyondourimmediateneeds.

Weeklywereadofunionswhowentonstrikeforhigherwages,onlytodrivetheiremployeroutofbusiness.Nocompany,nojob.Howshortsightedinthelongrun!

Butthemostimportantargumentforabroadeducationisthatinstudyingtheaccumulatedwisdomoftheages,weimproveourmoralsense.Isawacartoonrecentlywhichshowsagroupofbusinessmenlookingpuzzledastheysitaroundaconferencetable;oneofthemistalkingontheintercom,“MissBaxter,”hesays,“couldyoupleasesendinsomeonewhocandistinguishrightfromwrong?”

Fromthelong-termpointofview,that’swhateducationreallyoughttobeabout.

1.Accordingtotheauthor’sobservation,collegestudents________.

2.Thestudents’criteriaforselectingmajorstodayhavemuchtodowith________.

3.Bysaying“Whileit’struethat...betheyscientificorartistic”(Para.5),theauthormeansthat________.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.haveneverbeensomaterialisticastoday

B.haveneverbeensointerestedinthearts

C.haveneverbeensofinanciallywelloffastoday

D.haveneverattachedsomuchimportancetomoralsense

问题2选项

A.theinfluencesoftheirinstructors

B.thefinancialgoalstheyseekinlife

C.theirowninterpretationsofthecourses

D.theirunderstandingofthecontributionsofothers

问题3选项

A.businessmanagementshouldbeincludedineducationalprograms

B.humanwisdomhasaccumulatedatanextraordinarilyhighspeed

C.humanintellectualdevelopmenthasreachednewheights

D.theimportanceofabroadeducationshouldnotbeoverlooked

问题4选项

A.Businessmenabsorbedintheircareerarenarrow-minded.

B.Managersoftenfindithardtotellrightfromwrong.

C.Careerseekersshouldnotfocusonimmediateinterestsonly.

D.Peopleengagedintechnicaljobsleadamorerewardinglife.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:【选项释义】

Accordingtotheauthor’sobservation,collegestudents________.根据作者的观察，大学生________。

A.haveneverbeensomaterialisticastodayA.从来没有像今天这样唯物主义

B.haveneverbeensointerestedintheartsB.从未对艺术如此感兴趣

C.haveneverbeensofinanciallywelloffastodayC.从没有像今天这样富裕过

D.haveneverattachedsomuchimportancetomoralsenseD.从未如此重视道德感

【答案】A

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干中信息词collegestudents定位到第一段，该处讲到“调查显示（Accordingtoasurvey），如今传统年龄的大学新生比以往任何时候都更多奉行物质享乐主义（morematerialistic），更少奉行利他主义。”，可知在作者看来，大学生从未像如今这样唯物主义，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B选项“从未对艺术如此感兴趣”：文中没有提到大学生对艺术感兴趣，属于无中生有；

C选项“从没有像今天这样富裕过”：对应第二段第一句“在这样的困难时期，学生的主要目标是实现经济富裕（befinanciallywelloff）。”，这里没有把过去和现在的学生进行比较，而且学生并不富裕，属于偷换概念；

D选项“从未如此重视道德感”：对应第一段“大学新生比以往任何时候都更少奉行利他主义（lessaltruistic）。”，可知如今的大学生没有以前那么重视道德感，属于反向干扰。

第2题:【选项释义】

Thestudents’criteriaforselectingmajorstodayhavemuchtodowith________.如今，学生们选择专业的标准与________有很大关系。

A.theinfluencesoftheirinstructorsA.他们的导师的影响

B.thefinancialgoalstheyseekinlifeB.他们在生活中追求的财务目标

C.theirowninterpretationsofthecoursesC.他们自己对课程的理解

D.theirunderstandingofthecontributionsofothersD.他们对他人贡献的理解

【答案】B

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干中信息词selectingmajors定位到第二段，该处讲到“在这样的困难时期，学生的主要目标是实现经济富裕（financiallywelloff）……由此可见（Itfollowsthen），如今最受欢迎的课程（mostpopularcourse）不是文学或历史，而是会计。”，可知学生对专业的选择和其财务目标相关，因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“他们导师的影响”：对应第四段第二句“我的一个朋友是一家化学公司的销售代表，她工作的第一年挣的钱是她大学老师的两倍（twicethesalaryofhercollegeinstructors）。”，这里只是讲到学生和老师工资的差异，并没有表达老师和学生选择专业的关系，属于偷换概念；

C选项“他们自己对课程的理解”：文中没有提到学生对课程的理解导致对专业的选择不同，属于无中生有；

D选项“他们对他人贡献的理解”：对应第五段第一句“我们的文明已经在与我们自身相距甚远的领域积累了大量的知识，我们更好地理解了这些领域的其他贡献。”，这里指的是这些领域的贡献，而非大学生自己的贡献，属于张冠李戴。

第3题:【选项释义】

Bysaying“Whileit’struethat...betheyscientificorartistic”(Para.5),theauthormeansthat________.他说“Whileit’struethat...betheyscientificorartistic”（第五段），作者的意思是________。

A.businessmanagementshouldbeincludedineducationalprogramsA.企业管理应该包括在教育计划中

B.humanwisdomhasaccumulatedatanextraordinarilyhighspeedB.人类智慧以极快的速度积累

C.humanintellectualdevelopmenthasreachednewheightsC.人类智力发展达到了新的高度

D.theimportanceofabroadeducationshouldnotbeoverlookedD.广泛教育的重要性不应被忽视

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干中出处提示词Para.5和信息词Whileit’strue定位到第五段第一句，该处讲到“诚然，我们都需要一份职业，但同样不可否认的是（itisequallytruethat），我们的文明已经在与我们自身相距甚远的领域积累了大量的知识（anincredibleamountofknowledge），我们更好地理解了（betterforourunderstanding）这些领域的其他贡献——无论是科学上的还是艺术上的（betheyscientificorartistic）。”，除了职业需要的知识，我们还积累了大量非职业需要的知识，这里强调这些知识人们已经知道，并且非常重要，需要更多推广，因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“企业管理应该包括在教育计划中”：这里没有提到企业管理，属于无中生有；

B选项“人类智慧以极快的速度积累”：这里提到人类文明积累了大量知识，但不代表人类智慧增长速度很快，属于偷换概念；

C选项“人类智力发展达到了新的高度”：这里没有说到人类智力到了新高度，属于无中生有。

第4题:【选项释义】

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?根据文章，下列哪个陈述正确？

A.Businessmenabsorbedintheircareerarenarrow-minded.A.专心于事业的商人心胸狭窄。

B.Managersoftenfindithardtotellrightfromwrong.B.老板们常常认为很难分清是非。

C.Careerseekersshouldnotfocusonimmediateinterestsonly.C.求职者不应该只关注眼前的利益。

D.Peopleengagedintechnicaljobsleadamorerewardinglife.D.从事技术工作的人生活更有意义。

【答案】C

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】此题定位到第六段，该处讲到“每周我们都能读到工会（unions）为提高工资而罢工（strikeforhigherwages），结果却把他们的雇主赶出了市场……从长远来看，这是多么目光短浅（shortsighted）啊！”，可知工会罢工这件事目光短浅，求职者不应目光短浅，因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“专心于事业的商人心胸狭窄”：文中没有提到商人心胸狭窄，属于无中生有；

B选项“老板们常常认为很难分清是非”：对应第七段“但支持广泛教育最重要的理由是，在学习时代积累的智慧中，我们提高了自己的道德感（improveourmoralsense）……其中一个商人正在对讲机里说：‘巴克斯特小姐，请您派一个能明辨是非的人（candistinguishrightfromwrong）来好吗？’”，这里的明辨是非指的是分清道德上的对错，不是说很难分辨对错，而是说人们道德感低，属于偷换概念；

D选项“从事技术工作的人生活更有意义”：对应第二段第二句“培养一种有意义的人生哲学已经不那么重要了（meaningfulphilosophyoflife）。”，这里指的是有意义的人生哲学，而不是人生因为从事技术工作而有意义，属于偷换概念。

7.单选题

ThepanelofdistinguishedscientistsgatheredinCambridgetodiscusstheevidencesinsupportofDr.Thistlethwaite’srevolutionaryhypothesis.

问题1选项

A.Thepanelofdistinguishedscientists

B.inCambridge

C.discusstheevidencesin

D.supportof

E.没有问题

【答案】C

【解析】语法题。名词的单复数。evidences改为evidence。evidence:表示证据，只能用单数。

8.单选题

FossilsofplantthathavebeenextinctforfiftymillionyearshavebeenfoundinlargedepositsofamberneartheBalticSea.

问题1选项

A.plant

B.beenextinct

C.fiftymillionyear

D.near

【答案】A

【解析】根据题中的“havebeen”可知，plant应该用复数，句意：已经灭绝了五千万年的化石植物在靠近波罗的海的大型湖泊沉积物中发现了。选项A符合题意。

9.单选题

Blackpeoplearebynomeans______whitepeople.

问题1选项

A.inferiorover

B.moreinferiorthan

C.inferiorto

D.moreinferiorto

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词用法。A选项inferiorover错误，inferior不和over连用；B选项moreinferiorthan“更低劣的”，黑人和白人都不低劣，用比较级不符合语境；C选项inferiorto，beinferiortosb./sth.“较差的”，符合题意；D选项moreinferiorto用法错误。句意：黑人一点也不比白人低劣。因此C选项正确。

10.单选题

ThefirstfewmonthsoftheyearIhaddreadedtheringingofthetelephone,becauseIknewitmeantanother（）decisiontobemade.

问题1选项

A.critical

B.plentiful

C.decent

D.massive

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析题。critical"决定性的,关键性的";plentiful"丰富的,大量的";decent"得体的,令人满意的";massive"可观的,巨大的"。句意：在最初的几个月里,我害怕听到电话铃响,因为我知道这意味着我要做出一个重要的决定。plentiful和massive都表示数量的巨大,而critical表示程度的重要。所以选项A正确。

11.单选题

The（

）onthesurfaceofthefemalekangaroo'sabdomenservesasaplaceofrefugefortheyoung,whocangetatthemilkglandswithoutleavingtheirshelter.

问题1选项

A.patch

B.porch

C.paunch

D.pouch

【答案】D

【解析】名词词义辨析题。要注意