考研考博-英语-新疆能源职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-新疆能源职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Thenutritionofacommon-wealth（）theplenty,anddistributionofmaterialsconducingtolife.

问题1选项

A.consistsof

B.consistsin

C.isconsistentwith

D.iscomposedof

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。consistsof“由组成”；consistsin“存在于”；isconsistentwith“与一致”；iscomposedof“由组成”。句意：共同财富的好处在于有益于生活的物质的丰富性和物质分配。选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

ParadiseLostisMilton’smasterpiece.ItsstoryistakenfromtheBible,about“thefallofman",thatis,howAdamandEvearetemptedbySatantodisobeyGodbyeatingtheforbiddenfruitfromtheTreeofKnowledge,andhowtheyarepunishedbyGodanddrivenoutofParadise.InMilton’swords,thepurposeofwritingtheepicisto“justifythewaysofGodtomen”,butapparently,Miltonisutteringhisintensehatredofcruelnessoftherulerinthepoem.BydepictingSatanandhisfollowersaswellastheirfieryutteranceandbraveactions,MiltonisshowingaPuritan’srevoltagainstthedictatorandagainsttheestablishedCatholicsandtheAnglicanChurch.

InthepoemGodisnobetterthanacruelandselfishruler,seatedonathronewithagroupofangelsabouthimsingingsongstopraisehim.Hislongspeechesarenotpleasingatall.HeiscruelandunjustinpunishingSatan.Hisangelsarestupid.ButSatanisbyfarthemoststrikingcharacterinthepoem,whorisesagainstGodand,thoughdefeated,stillpersistsinhisfighting.

ThestoryofAdamandEveshowsMilton’sbeliefinthepowerofman.Goddeniesthemachancetopursueforknowledge.Itisthislongingforknowledgethatopensbeforemankindawideroadtointelligentandactivelife.IthasbeennotedbymanycriticsthatMilton’srevolutionaryfeelingmakeshimforgetreligiousdoctrines.TheangelswhosurroundGodneverthinkofexpressinganyopinionsoftheirown,andtheyneverseemtohaveanyopinionsoftheirown.TheimageofGodsurroundedbysuchangelsresemblesthecourtofanabsolutemonarch.ButSatanandhisfollowers,whofreelydiscussallissuesincouncil,remindusofaRepublicParliament.

1.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom（）.

2.Inthepoem,Satanisdescribedas（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeinferredfromthispassage?

4.Accordingtothispassage,themainpurposeofParadiseLostisto（）.

问题1选项

A.areviewofMilton’sParadiseLost

B.anintroductiontoMilton’sParadiseLost

C.adepictionofthecruelnessoftheBritishruler

D.anintroductiontoEnglishliterature

问题2选项

A.anevilperson

B.arebellioushero

C.selfishandcrueldevil

D.astupiddevil

问题3选项

A.GodactsasthedictatoroftheKingdom.

B.SatanandhisfollowersactasmembersofParliament.

C.TheangelsaredepictedasfollowersoftheKing.

D.AdamandEvearethepeopletobeenlightened.

问题4选项

A.praiseGodforthecreationoftheworld

B.changepeople’sunfavorableimpressionofSatan

C.expresshissupportforthefightofSatan

D.criticizethecruelnessoftheBritishruler

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom______.1.这篇文章很可能摘自______。

A.areviewofMilton’sParadiseLostA.弥尔顿的《失乐园》的书评

B.anintroductiontoMilton’sParadiseLostB.弥尔顿《失乐园》的序言

C.adepictionofthecruelnessoftheBritishrulerC.对残忍的英国统治者的描绘

D.anintroductiontoEnglishliteratureD.英国文学概论

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】结合文章内容可知，本文仅用只言片语简单介绍了《失乐园》的内容，更多的是讲述弥尔顿的写作目的以及反映出来的思想感情。由此可以推测，这篇文章很有可能节选自弥尔顿《失乐园》的书评，所以A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B项“弥尔顿《失乐园》的序言”根据解题思路可知，这篇文章对《失乐园》内容的描述很少，所以不可能是序言，该项曲解原文；

C项“对残忍的英国统治者的描绘”，文中没有描述残忍的英国统治者，该项属于无中生有；

D项“英国文学概论”包含范围太广，曲解原文。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.Inthepoem,Satanisdescribedas______.2.在诗中，撒旦被描述为______。

A.anevilpersonA.一个邪恶的人

B.arebelliousheroB.一个具有反抗精神的英雄

C.selfishandcrueldevilC.自私残忍的魔鬼

D.astupiddevilD.一个愚蠢的魔鬼

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第二段最后一句“撒旦是迄今为止这首诗中最引人注目的人物，他奋起反抗上帝，虽然被打败了，但仍然坚持战斗”，上文提到上帝不过是一个残忍自私的统治者，所以可以推断撒旦是一个具有反抗精神的英雄，B项正确。

【干扰项排除】A项“一个邪恶的人”、C项“自私残忍的魔鬼”和D项“一个愚蠢的魔鬼”根据解题思路可知，这三项属于曲解原文。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeinferredfromthispassage?3.下面哪个选项不能从这篇文章中推断出来？

A.GodactsasthedictatoroftheKingdom.A.上帝是这个王国的独裁者。

B.SatanandhisfollowersactasmembersofParliament.B.撒旦和他的追随者充当国会议员。

C.TheangelsaredepictedasfollowersoftheKing.C.天使被描绘成国王的追随者。

D.AdamandEvearethepeopletobeenlightened.D.亚当和夏娃是应该被启蒙的人。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据最后一段的最后一句“撒旦和他的追随者们，在议会中自由地讨论所有问题，让我们想起共和议会”可知，这里只是一个比喻的用法，将撒旦和他的追随者们比喻成国会议员，但他们在这首诗中并不是真正的国会议员，所以选项B不符合原文，但符合题意。故该题选择B项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“上帝是这个王国的独裁者”，根据文章第二段可知，上帝是一个残忍自私的统治者，该项符合原文，属于反向干扰；

C项“天使被描绘成国王的追随者”，根据第二段第一句中的“上帝不过是一个残忍自私的统治者，坐在宝座上，周围有一群天使唱歌赞美他”可知，该项符合原文，属于反向干扰；

D项“亚当和夏娃是应该被启蒙的人”，根据第三段前几句“亚当和夏娃的故事表明弥尔顿相信人的力量。上帝不给他们追求知识的机会。正是这种对知识的渴望为人类开辟了一条通往智慧和积极生活的宽阔道路。”可知，像亚当和夏娃一样的人类，应该有追求知识的机会，该项符合原文，属于反向干扰。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.Accordingtothispassage,themainpurposeofParadiseLostisto______.4.根据这篇文章，《失乐园》的主要目的是为了______。

A.praiseGodforthecreationoftheworldA.赞美上帝创造了世界

B.changepeople’sunfavorableimpressionofSatanB.改变人们对撒旦的不良印象

C.expresshissupportforthefightofSatanC.表达对与撒旦战斗的支持

D.criticizethecruelnessoftheBritishrulerD.批评英国统治者的残酷

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第一段倒数第二句“用弥尔顿的话来说，写史诗的目的是‘证明上帝对人类的方式是正当的’，但显然，弥尔顿在诗中表达了他对统治者残酷的强烈仇恨”，从中可知，弥尔顿在诗中表达了他对统治者残忍行为的强烈憎恨。所以可以推断，《失乐园》的主要目的是批判英国统治者的残酷无情。选项D符合原文。

【干扰项排除】

A项“赞美上帝创造了世界”，原文中描述的是一个残暴自私的上帝，所以该项不符合原文，属于反向干扰；

B项“改变人们对撒旦的不良印象”和C项“表达对与撒旦战斗的支持”在文章中虽然有依据，但是并不是文章的主要目的，属于本末倒置。

3.单选题

Igotalittle（）whenIlearnedthattheappointmentwiththegeneralmangerwaschangedtoanothertime.

问题1选项

A.concerned

B.distracted

C.upset

D.vicious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。concerned“有关的，关心的”；distracted“注意力分散的，分心的”；upset“心烦的，混乱的”；vicious“恶毒的，恶意的”。句意：当我得知和总经理预约改期后，我有点（）。由句意内容推测预约改期后应该是心烦的，故C项正确。

4.单选题

Thecolorandsmellofwaterintheserivers（）itselfhowseriousthepollutionisbutmanypeoplearestillignoringhefact.

问题1选项

A.illustrates

B.demonstrates

C.manifests

D.exemplifies

【答案】C

【解析】近义词辨析题。manifestoneself"显现,显露";illustrate"说明,阐明";demonstrate"举行示威游行（或集会）;说明";exemplify"例示，举例证明"。句意：这些河水的颜色和气味表明了污染的严重性，但是许多人仍然忽视了这个事实。选项C更恰当。

5.单选题

（

）atinhisway,thesituationdoesnotseemsodesperate.

问题1选项

A.Looking

B.looked

C.Beinglooked

D.tolook

【答案】B

【解析】句意:该形势在他看来似乎没有如此令人沮丧。

语法题。考查被动语态。由句中主语是situation(形式),这里应该指代该形势被看。因此B项“looked”正确。

6.单选题

Aftershepulledovertothesideoftheroad,Lindaraisedthehoodofhercar（

）theymightmakesurethatotherdriversknewshehadcartrouble.

问题1选项

A.incase

B.withpurpose

C.oncondition

D.sothat

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。incase万一；假使；withpurpose带着目的地；oncondition只要；如果；sothat以便；所以。句意：把车停在路边后，Linda升起了自己汽车的引擎盖，以确保让其他驾驶员知道她的车出了问题。theymightmakesurethatotherdriversknewshehadcartrouble.这是一个结果状语从句，故用sothat引导。

7.单选题

OnJanuary,11th,2009,aremarkablelegalcaseopensinaSanFranciscocourtroom—onitsway,itseemsalmostcertain,totheSupremeCourt.Perryv.SchwarzeneggerchallengestheconstitutionalityofProposition8,theCaliforniareferendumthat,inNovember,2008,overturnedaStateSupremeCourtdecisionallowingsame-sexcouplestomarry.Itsleadlawyersareunlikelyallies:TheodoreB.Olson,theformersolicitorgeneralunderPresidentGeorgeW.Bush,andaprominentconservative;andDavidBoies,theDemocratictriallawyerwhowashisopposingcounselinBushv.Gore.Thetwoaremountinganambitiouscasethatpointedlycircumventstheincremental,narrowlycraftedlegalgambitsandthecarefulstate-by-statestrategythatleadinggay-rightsorganizationshavechampionedinthefightformarriageequality.TheOlsonBoiesteamhopesforarulingthatwilltransformthelegalandsociallandscapenationwide,somethingontheorderofBrownv.BoardofEducationin1954,orLovingv.Virginiathelandmark1967SupremeCourtrulingthatinvalidatedlawsprohibitinginterracialmarriage.

Olson’sinterestinthiscasehaspuzzledquiteafewpeople.What’sinitforhim?Ishesincere?DoeshereallythinkhecanswaythecurrentCourse?ButwhenIspokewithOlson,whoissixty-nine,inearlyDecember,hesoundedconfidentandimpassioned;thecaseclearlyfascinatedhimbothasanintellectualchallengeandasawaytomakehistory.“Thelovingcasewasforty-twoyearsago.”hesaid,perchedontheedgeofhischairinthelawofficesofGibson,Dunn&CrutcherinWashingtonDC,whereheisapartner,“It’sinconceivabletoustheredaystosaythatacoupleofadifferentracialbackgroundcan’tgetmarried.”Olsonworeabrightlystripedshirtandapaisleytie,withoutajacket;therewassomethingfolksyinhisspeech,whichremindedmethathe’saWesterner,whogrewupandwaseducatedinNorthernCalifornia.Hesaid,“Separateisnotequal.Civilunionsanddomesticpartnershipsarenotthesameasmarriage.We’renotinventinganynewright,orcreatinganewright,oraskingthecourtstorecognizeanewright.TheSupremeCourthassaidoverandoverandoveragainthatmarriagesisafundamentalrightandalthoughouropponentssay,‘Well,that’salwaysbeeninvolvingamanandawoman.’WhentheSupremeCourthastalkedaboutitthey’vesaidit’sanassociationalright,it’salibertyright,it’saprivacyright,andit’sanexpressionofyouridentity,whichisallwrappedupintheConstitution.”TheJusticesoftheSupremeCourt,Olsonsaid,“areindividualswhowillconsiderthisseriously,andgiveitgoodattention,”andhewasoptimisticthathecouldpersuadethem.(ThelosingsideinSanFranciscowilllikelyappealtotheNinthCircuit,andfromtherethecasecouldproceedtotheSupremeCourt.)Olson’sself-assurancehasasoundbasis:hehasarguedfifty-sixcasesbeforethehighcourt—hewasoneofthebusiestlawyersbeforetheSupremeCourtbenchlastyear—andprevailedinforty-fourofthem.JusticesSandraDayO’ConnorandAnthonyKennedyattendedhisweddingthreeyearsago,inNapa.Olsonsaidthathewantedthegay-marriagecasetobea“teachingopportunity,sopeoplewilllistentoustalkabouttheimportanceoftreatingpeoplewithdignityandrespectandequalityandaffectionandloveandtostopdiscriminatingagainstpeopleonthebasisofsexualorientation”.

IfthePerrycasesucceedsbeforetheSupremeCourt,itcouldmeanthatgaymarriagewouldbepermittednotonlyinCaliforniabutineverystate.And,iftheCourtrecognizedhomosexualsasindistinguishablefromheterosexualsforthepurposesofmarriagelaw,itwouldbehard,ifnotimpossible,toupholdanyotherlawsthatdiscriminatedagainstpeopleonthebasisofsexualorientation.

However,alossforOlsonandBoiescouldbeamajorsetbacktothemovementformarriageequality.SoonafterOlsonandBoiesfiledthecase,lastMay,someleadinggay-rightsorganizations—amongthemtheA.C.L.U.,HumanRightsCampaign,LambdaLegal,andtheNationalCenterforlesbianRights—issuedastatementcondemningsuchefforts.Theoddsofsuccessforasuitweren’tgood,thegroupssaid,becausethe“SupremeCourttypicallydoesnotgettoofaraheadofeitherpublicopinionorthelawinthemajorityofstates.”Thelegalprecedentthatthesegroupswerefocusedonwasn’tLovingv.Virginiabut,rather,Bowersv.Hardwick,the1936SupremeCourtdecisionthatstunnedgay-rightsadvocatesbyupholdingGeorgia’santiquatedlawagainstsodomy.ItwasseventeenyearsbeforetheCourtwaswillingtorevisittheissue,inLawrencev.Texas,thoughbythenonlythirteenstatesstillhadanti-sodomystatutes;thistime,theCourtoverturnedthelaws,witha6-3voteandanacerbicdissentfromJusticeAntoninScalia,whodeclaredthattheCourthadaligneditselfwiththe“homosexualagenda,”adding,“ManyAmericansdonotwantpersonswhoopenlyengageinhomosexualconductaspartnersintheirbusiness,asscoutmastersfortheirchildren,asteachersintheirchildren’sschools,orasboardersintheirhome.Theyviewthisasprotectingthemselvesandtheirfamiliesfromalifestylethattheybelievetobeimmoralanddestructive.”

Seventeenyearswasalongtimetowait.“Alossnowmaymakeithardertogotocourtlater,”theactivists’statementread.“ItwilltakeusalotlongertogetagoodSupremeCourtdecisioniftheCourthastooverruleitself.”Besides,thegroupsargued,“WelosttherighttomarryinCaliforniaattheballotbox.That’swhereweneedtowinitback.”Plentyofgay-marriagesupportersagreedthatitwassmartertowaituntilthemovementhadbeensuccessfulinmorestates—and,possibly,thecompositionoftheSupremeCourthadshifted.(DuringthelastyearofasecondObamaterm,Scaliawouldbeeighty-one.)

1.ThefirstsentenceofParagraph1means（）.

2.Theword“unlikely”inthesentence“ItsleadlawyersareunlikelyalliesofParagraph1means（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

4.Someleadinggay-rightsorganizationsdidnotsupportthecasebecause（）.

5.Themostsuitabletitleofthepassagewouldbe（）

问题1选项

A.theSanFranciscocourtcannotmakethefinaldecision

B.onlytheSupremeCourthastheauthoritytorulefororagainstthecase

C.it’sveryhardtowinthecaseforsame-sexmarriageintheSanFranciscocourtandprobablytheywouldhavetofieldthecaseintheSupremeCourt

D.theywouldcertainlywinthecaseforsame-sexmarriageintheSupremeCourt

问题2选项

A.dissimilar

B.unreliable

C.unimaginable

D.unthinkable

问题3选项

A.Theodore

B.OlsonwasconfidentaboutthecasebecausetheSupremeCourtonceinvalidatedlawsprohibitinginterracialmarriage.B.TheSupremeCourthassaidoverandoverandoveragainthatmarriageisafundamentalright，whichshouldberespected.

C.Therightforsame-sexmarriagehasbeenwoninotherstatesexceptforCalifornia.

D.Thereareotherlawsthatdiscriminatedagainstpeopleonthebasisofsexualorientation.

问题4选项

A.itwasimpossibletowinthecase

B.theywouldhavetowaitforlongerifthecasewaslostthistimeasit’shardforthesupremeCourttooverruleitself

C.theydidnotbelievetheabilityoftheleadinglawyers

D.unlikeinterracialmarriageit’shardertogetsupportforsame-sexmarriage 

问题5选项

A.ARiskyProposal

B.GayMarriageNo

C.AmonumentalMovement

D.FightforEqualRights

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:文章第一段第一句提到同性婚姻的案件很有可能（almostcertain）提交到最高法院,说明之前这类的案件在下一级的法庭审理过，但是没有胜诉。所以选项C符合题意。

第2题:参与此案件的两位律师TheodoreB.Olson和DavidBoies分别是共和党和民主党派人士，按照常理来推断这两位政见完全不同的人是不可能为了同一个目的而统一战线的，所以用了unlikely来说明这个组合是多么让人难以想象。选项C符合题意。

第3题:文章第三段第一句IfthePerrycasesucceedsbeforetheSupremeCourt,itcouldmeanthatgaymarriagewouldbepermittednotonlyinCaliforniabutineverystate提到同性结婚只有在加利福尼亚是合法的，在其他州还没有合法，选项C符合题意。

第4题:文章倒数第二段Theoddsofsuccessforasuitweren’tgood,thegroupssaid,becausethe“SupremeCourttypicallydoesnotgettoofaraheadofeitherpublicopinionorthelawinthemajorityofstates.”提到这些支持同性恋的机构认为这次诉讼的胜算很小，因为最高法院会尊重大众的意见和大部分州的意见，所以选项B符合题意。

第5题:文章主要讲述了各方，包括律师、同性恋组织等对这次案件胜算的预计，尽管以Olson为代表的律师对这次案件很有信心，但是从后文可以看出这是场有风险的诉讼，所以选项A符合题意。

8.单选题

Thebankmanageraskedhisassistantifitwaspossibleforhimto（）theinvestmentplanwithinaweek.

问题1选项

A.workout

B.putout

C.makeout

D.setout

【答案】A

【解析】词组辨析题。workout

解决,

算出，制定出；putout熄灭；makeout理解,

辨认出；setout出发,

开始。句意：银行经理问他的助理能否在一周内制定出投资计划。选项A符合句意。

9.单选题

Howaboutaglassoforangejuiceto（）yourthirst?

问题1选项

A.quench

B.quell

C.quash

D.quieten

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。quench“压制，抑制，止（渴）”；quell“镇压，平息，压制”；quash“取消；废除；镇压”；quieten“安静，抚慰”。句意：用杯橙汁来止渴怎么样？选项A符合题意。

10.不定项选择题

Throughoutextensiveareasofthetropicsthetallandstatelyprimevalforesthasgivenwaytoerodedland,scrubandthejumbleofsecondarygrowth.JustasthevirginforestsofEuropeandNorthAmericawerelaidlowbyman’simprovidence,sothoseofthetropicsarenowvanishing—onlytheirdestructionmaybeencompassedindecadesinsteadofcenturies.Afewauthoritiesholdthat,exceptforgovernmentreserves,theearth’sgreatrainforestsmayvanishwithinageneration.Theeconomiclosswillbeincalculable,fortheprimaryrainforestsarerichsourcesoftimber(mahogany,teak)andsuchby-productsasresins,gums,cellulose,camphorandrattans.Noone,indeed,cancomputetheirresources,forofthethousandsofspeciesthatcomposetheforestcover,thereareonlyafewwhosephysicalandchemicalpropertieshavebeenstudiedwithaviewtocommercialuse.

Mostimportantofall,theprimevalrainforestisareservoirofspecimens,adynamiccenterofevolutionwhencetherestoftheworld’splantlifehasbeencontinuallyenrichedwithnewforms.Therainforesthasthegreatestvarietyofplantlifefoundinanytypeofforestonearth.Anobserverintheforest,lookingforacertaintypeoftree,mightfindoneonlyevery3or4milesorso,yetallthewhilebesurroundedbysingleexamplesofmanyotherspecies.Theseextensivereservesmustbedefendedfromtheacquisitivehandofman.

6.Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis（）.

7.Concerningtherainforests,manstilllacksknowledgeoftheir（）.

8.Theresourcesoftherainforestsare（）.

9.Thesecondsentenceofthepassagesuggeststhat（）.

10.Theprimaryreasonforconservationofthegreatrainforestsisthatthey（）.

11.Asusedinthepassage,theword“primeval”means（）.

12.Thesituationdescribedissomewhaturgentbecause（）.

13.Theauthorwantschieflyto（）.

问题1选项

A.Sceneofevolution

B.Virginforeststoday

C.Productsoftherainforests

D.Importanceoftherainforests

问题2选项

A.rateofdisappearance

B.exactgeographiclocations

C.needforprotectivefoliage

D.potentialcommercialdevelopment

问题3选项

A.incalculable

B.somewhatlimited

C.uncommercial

D.ofinterestonlytoscientists

问题4选项

A.manhasbeenunlucky

B.novirginforestshavebeenreplanted

C.manhasbecomemorewasteful

D.tropicalrainforestshavevanished

问题5选项

A.areareasofbotanicalevolution

B.arenotreadyforman’sruthlessax

C.arethechiefsourcesofincomeforgovernments

D.needfurtherdevelopmentbeforetheycanbeutilizedcommercially

问题6选项

A.commercial

B.gorgeous

C.original

D.thick

问题7选项

A.muchoftherainforestisstranglinginsecondarygrowth

B.destructionoftherainforestsmaywellcomewithinageneration

C.richandeleganttimberisavaluableresource

D.botanistscannotstudytherainforestfastenough

问题8选项

A.makemoneyfromforestresources

B.conservethevarietyoflifeoftherainforest

C.studyusesforresins,gums,cellulose,camphorandrattans

D.cureman’sacquisitivenature

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

第6题:C

第7题:B

第8题:B

【解析】6.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。根据题干可以定位到原文Theeconomiclosswillbeincalculable,fortheprimaryrainforestsarerichsourcesoftimber(mahogany,teak)andsuchby-productsasresins,gums,cellulose,camphorandrattans.（经济损失将是不可估量的，因为原始雨林是木材——桃花心木、柚木和树脂、树胶、纤维素、樟脑和藤等副产品的丰富来源），后文也有提到雨林的其他作用。可知选择D选项“雨林的重要性”。A选项“进化的场景”，B选项“今天的原始森林”，C选项“雨林的产物”，均过于片面，所以A，B，C选项错误，因此，D选项符合题意。

7.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】判断推理题。根据题干可以定位到原文第一段的第三句Afewauthoritiesholdthat,exceptforgovernmentreserves,theearth’sgreatrainforestsmayvanishwithinageneration.（一些权威人士认为，除了政府的保护区，大片热带雨林可能会在一代人的时间内消失），A选项“消失的速度”，B选项“具体地理位置”，C选项“需要保护树叶”，D选项“潜在的商业发展”。因此，A选项符合题意。

8.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文倒数第二段的最后一句Noone,indeed,cancomputetheirresources,forofthethousandsofspeciesthatcomposetheforestcover,thereareonlyafewwhosephysicalandchemicalpropertieshavebeenstudiedwithaviewtocommercialuse.（没有人能够计算它们的资源，因为在构成森林覆盖的数千种物种中，只有少数几个物种的物理和化学性质经过了研究，以便用于商业用途）可知选择A选项“不可计算的，不可估量的”，B选项“有些限制”，C选项“非商业的”，D选项“只有科学家才会感兴趣”。因此，A选项符合题意。

9.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】判断推理题。根据题干定位到原文的第一段的第二句话JustasthevirginforestsofEuropeandNorthAmericawerelaidlowbyman’simprovidence,sothoseofthetropicsarenowvanishing—onlytheirdestructionmaybeencompassedindecadesinsteadofcenturies.（就像欧洲和北美的原始森林因为人类的挥霍而被摧毁一样，热带地区的原始森林也正在消失——只是它们的毁灭可能会持续几十年，而不是几个世纪）可知选择C选项“人们变得更浪费了”，A选项“人们一直不走运”，B选项“没有一片原始森林被重新种植”，均没有提及，所以A，B选项错误，D选项“热带雨林已经消失了”，原文说的是正在消失，与原文不符，所以D选项错误，因此，C选项符合题意。

10.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文最后一段的第一句话Mostimportantofall,theprimevalrainforestisareservoirofspecimens,adynamiccenterofevolutionwhencetherestoftheworld’splantlifehasbeencontinuallyenrichedwithnewforms.（最重要的是，原始雨林是标本的蓄水池，是一个动态的进化中心，世界上其他植物的生命以新的形式不断丰富起来）可知选择A选项“是植物进化的领域”，B选项“还没有准备好迎接人类无情的斧头”，C选项是“政府的主要收入来源”，原文没有提及，所以A，B选项错误，D选项“在商业化使用之前还需要进一步的开发”，是原因之一，但不是主要原因，所以D选项错误，因此，A选项符合题意。

11.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】语义推测题。根据题干定位到原文首段首句Throughoutextensiveareasofthetropicsthetallandstatelyprimevalforesthasgivenwaytoerodedland,scrubandthejumbleofsecondarygrowth.（在广袤的热带地区，高大庄严的……森林已经被侵蚀的土地、灌木丛和杂乱的次生植物所取代）根据后文的次生，可得知primeval指的是“原生的，原始的”。A选项“贸易的，商业的”，B选项“十分宜人的，很吸引人的”，C选项“起初的，原始的”，D选项“厚的，浓密的”。因此，C选项符合题意。

12.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干问的是描述的情况有些紧急的原因是什么，根据题干定位到原文第一段的第三句Afewauthoritiesholdthat,exceptforgovernmentreserves,theearth’sgreatrainforestsmayvanishwithinageneration.（一些权威人士认为，除了政府保护区以外，地球上的大片热带雨林可能会在一代人的时间内消失）可知选择B选项“热带雨林的破坏很可能在一代人之内就会发生”，A选项“热带雨林的大部分在扼杀次生植物”，D选项“植物学家对雨林研究得不够快”，原文没有提及，所以A，D选项错误，C选项“丰富高雅的木材是一种宝贵的资源”，根据原文倒数第二段的倒数第一句，可知有少数是宝贵的资源，但并不是描述情况紧急的原因，所以C选项错误，因此，B选项符合题意。

13.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】作者意图题。整篇文章讲述了热带雨林的重要性，有着无可估量的价值，根据最后一段的最后一句Theseextensivereservesmustbedefendedfromtheacquisitivehandofman.（我们必须保护这些丰富的储备免受人类贪婪的侵害）可知选择B选项“保护热带雨林生物的多样性”，A选项“从森林资源中赚钱”，由原文可知只有少数物种可以用于商业用途，所以A选项错误，C选项“研究树脂，树胶，纤维素，樟脑和藤的用途”，D选项“治愈人贪婪的天性”，都过于浅显，所以C，D选项错误，因此，B选项符合题意。

11.翻译题

中国具有数倍于法国（France）那么大的面积（area）。

【答案】TheareaofChinaisseveraltimesthesizeofthatofFrance.

12.单选题

Thereisnothinginhis_______thatsuggestsheiscontentedwithhislife.

问题1选项

A.demeanor

B.stature

C.resonance

D.fidelity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。demeanor“行为，举止”；stature“身高，身材”；resonance“共鸣”；fidelity“忠诚”。句意：没有任何行为可以表明他对妻子感到满意。选项A符合题意。

13.单选题

Theacidrainattackstheleavesand_____theirwaxycoating.

问题1选项

A.resolves

B.unsolved

C.dissolves

D.shoves

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项resolves“决定；决心要做”；B选项unsolved“未解决的；未解答的”；C选项dissolves“溶解；分解”；D选项shoves“挤；强使；撞；猛推”。句意：酸雨会侵蚀树叶，……它们的蜡涂层。根据attackstheleaves（侵蚀树叶）可推测acidrain（酸雨）的危害极大，A选项resolves（决定）不符合题意，B选项unsolved（未解决的）可排除，D选项shoves（挤）不符合题意，可排除，结合此处语境，C选项正确。

14.单选题

Almostalllibrariesarefindingitincreasinglydifficulttoremainwithintheir（）now.

问题1选项

A.digest

B.budget

C.supplement

D.stocking

【答案】B

【解析】名词词义辨析。digest“文摘，摘要”；budget“预算”；supplement“增补品，补品”；stocking“长筒袜”。句意：几乎所有的图书馆现在都发现他们的开支越来越难以保持在预算之内。选项B符合题意。

15.单选题

Inafamilywheretherolesofmenandwomenarenotsharplyseparatedandwheremanyhouseholdtasksaresharedtoagreaterorlesserextent,notionsofmalesuperiorityarehardtomaintain.Thepatternofsharingintasksandindecisionmakesforequalityandthisinturnleadstofurthersharing.Insuchahome,thegrowingboyandgirllearntoacceptequalitymoreeasilythandidtheirparentsandtopreparemorefullyforparticipationinaworldcharacterizedbycooperationratherthanbythe“battleofthesexes”.

Iftheprocessgoestoofarandman’sroleisregardedaslessimportant—andthathashappenedinsomecases—weareasbadlyoffasbefore,onlyinreverse.

ItistimetoreassesstheroleofthemanintheAmericanfamily.Wearegettingalittletiredof“Monism”—butwedon'twanttoexchangeitfora"neo-Popism".Whatweneed,rather,istherecognitionthatbringingupchildreninvolvesapartnershipofequals.Therearesignsthatpsychiatrists,psychologists,socialworkers,andspecialistsonthefamilyarebecomingmoreawareofthepartmenplayandthattheyhavedecidedthatwomenshouldnotreceiveallthecredit—northeblame.Wehavealmostgivenupsayingthatawoman’splaceisinthehome.Wearebeginning,however,toanalyzeman'splaceinthehomeandtoinsistthathedoeshaveaplaceinit.Noristhatplaceirrelevanttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild.

Thefamilyisacooperativeenterpriseforwhichitisdifficulttolaydownrules,becauseeachfamilyneedstoworkoutitsownwaysforsolvingitsownproblems.

Excessiveauthoritarianismhasunhappyconsequences,whetheritwearsskirtsortrousers,andtheidealofequalrightsandequalresponsibilitiesispertinentnotonlytoahealthydemocracy,butalsotoahealthyfamily.

1.Thedangerinthesharingofhouseholdtasksbythemotherandthefatheristhat（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thefather'sroleinthehomeis

（

）.

3.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?

4.Theauthorstatesthatbringingupchildren

（

）.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

问题1选项

A.theroleofthefathermaybecomeaninferiorone

B.theroleofthemothermaybecomeaninferiorone

C.thechildrenwillgrowupbelievingthatlifeisabattleofsexes

D.sharingleadstoconstantarguing

问题2选项

A.minorbecauseheisanineffectualparent

B.irrelevanttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild

C.pertinenttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild

D.identicaltotheroleofthechild'smother

问题3选项

A.Ahealthy,cooperativefamilyisabasicingredientofahealthysociety.

B.Menarebasicallyopposedtosharinghouseholdchores.

C.Divisionofhouseholdresponsibilitiesisworkableonlyintheory.

D.Awoman'splaceisinthehomenowasalways.

问题4选项

A.ismainlythemother'sjob

B.belongsamongthedutiesofthefather

C.isthejobofschoolsandchurches

D.involvesapartnershipofequals

问题5选项

A.Americanfamiliesthatarerunbywomenarehappier.

B.TherolesofmenandwomenwillalwaysbeunequalintheAmericanhousehold.

C.Bothmenandwomenplayanimportantroleinahealthyfamily.

D.Womenshouldallowmentodomostoftheworkinthehome.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的第一句Inafamilywheretherolesofmenandwomenarenotsharplyseparatedandwheremanyhouseholdtasksaresharedtoagreaterorlesserextent,notionsofmalesuperiorityarehardtomaintain.（在一个男女角色不明显分开，许多家务或多或少分担的家庭中，男子优越的观念很难维持）可知A选项“父亲角色重要性会变低”符合题意。

2.三段中的Wearebeginning,however,toanalyzeman'splaceinthehomeandtoinsistthathedoeshaveaplaceinit.Noristhatplaceirrelevanttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild.（然而，我们开始分析男性在家里的地位，并坚持他在家有一席之地，而且这个地位和孩子的健康成长不无关系）可知C选项“与儿童健康发展有关”符合题意。

3.推理判断题。由文章最后两段中的Thefamilyisacooperativeenterprise...andtheidealofequalrightsandequalresponsibilitiesispertinentnotonlytoahealthydemocracy,butalsotoahealthyfamily（家庭是一个合作的企业……平等的权利和平等的责任的理想不仅与健康的民主有关，而且与健康的家庭有关）可知A选项“一个健康、合作的家庭是一个健康社会的基本要素”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。由