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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京交通运输职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Thematerial(

)theapparatusismadeisagoodnonconductorofheat.

问题1选项

A.withwhich

B.ofwhich

C.fromwhich

D.withwhat

【答案】B

【解析】考查语法。bemadeofsth“由……组成”。故B项正确。句意:制造这种仪器的材料是一种很好的热绝缘体。故B项正确。

2.单选题

The

Chairmanwasevidently__________by

Jim’swordsandglaredathimforafewseconds.

问题1选项

A.putdown

B.putacross

C.putaway

D.putout

【答案】D

【解析】动词词组题。A选项putdown镇压,记下;B选项putacross圆满完成,解释清楚,使被人理解;C选项putaway放好,抛弃;D选项putout扑灭;恼怒。根据句意可知,董事长明显被吉姆的话激怒了,瞪了他好一会。因此,D项是正确答案。

3.单选题

Manypeopleare()toinsectbites,andsomeevenhavetogotohospital.

问题1选项

A.insensitive

B.allergic

C.infectious

D.alert

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项insensitive“感觉迟钝的”;B选项allergic“对……过敏的”;C选项infectious“传染的;传染性的”;D选项alert“警惕的;留心的”。句意:很多人对虫子叮咬过敏,且有些人甚至不得不去医院。结合此处句意,B选项正确。

4.单选题

Themostfrustratingperiodsofanydietaretheinevitable_______,whenweightloss_______ifnotstops.

问题1选项

A.moods...accelerates

B.feasts…halts

C.holidays...contracts

D.plateaus...slows

【答案】D

【解析】moods...accelerates情绪加速;feasts...halts宴会停止;holidays...contracts假日收缩;plateaus...slows停滞时期减慢。句意:任何节食计划中最令人沮丧的阶段都是不可避免的停滞期,减肥的速度即使没有停止也会减慢。选项D符合句意。

5.单选题

ThereisincreasingevidencethattheimpactsofmeteoriteshavehadimportanteffectsonEarth,particularlyinthefieldofbiologicalevolution.SuchimpactscontinuetoposeanaturalhazardtolifeonEarth.Twiceinthetwentiethcentury,largemeteoriteobjectsareknowntohavecollidedwithEarth.

Ifanimpactislargeenough,itcandisturbtheenvironmentoftheentireEarthandcauseanecologicalcatastrophe.Thebest-documentedsuchimpacttookplace65millionyearsagoattheendoftheCretaceousperiodofgeologicalhistory.ThisbreakinEarth’shistoryismarkedbyamassextinction,whenasmanyashalfthespeciesontheplanetbecameextinct.Whilethereareadozenormoremassextinctionsinthegeologicalrecord,theCretaceousmassextinctionhasalwaysintriguedpaleontologistsbecauseitmarkstheendoftheageofthedinosaurs.Fortensofmillionsofyears,thosegreatcreatureshadflourished.Then,suddenly,theydisappeared.

ThebodythatimpactedEarthattheendoftheCretaceousperiodwasameteoritewithamassofmorethanatrilliontonsandadiameterofatleast10kilometers.Scientistsfirstidentifiedthisimpactin1980fromtheworldwidelayerofsedimentdepositedfromthedustcloudthatenvelopedtheplanetaftertheimpact.ThissedimentlayerisenrichedintheraremetaliridiumandotherelementsthatarerelativelyabundantinameteoritebutveryrareinthecrustofEarth.Evendilutedbytheterrestrialmaterialexcavatedfromthecrater,thiscomponentofmeteoritesiseasilyidentified.By1990geologistshadlocatedtheimpactsiteitselfintheYucatregionofMexico.Thecrater,nowdeeplyburiedinsediment,wasoriginallyabout200kilometersindiameter.

Thisimpactreleasedanenormousamountofenergy,excavatingacraterabouttwiceaslargeasthelunarcraterTycho.Theexplosionliftedabout100trilliontonsofdustintotheatmosphere,ascanbedeterminedbymeasuringthethicknessofthesedimentlayerformedwhenthisdustsettledtothesurface.Suchaquantityofmaterialwouldhaveblockedthesunlightcompletelyfromreachingthesurface,plungingEarthintoaperiodofcoldanddarknessthatlastedatleastseveralmonths.TheexplosionisalsocalculatedtohaveproducedvastquantitiesofnitricacidandmeltedrockthatsprayedoutovermuchofEarth,startingwidespreadfiresthatmusthaveconsumedmostterrestrialforestsandgrassland.Presumably,thoseenvironmentaldisasterscouldhavebeenresponsibleforthemassextinction,includingthedeathofthedinosaurs.

Severalothermassextinctionsinthegeologicalrecordhavebeententativelyidentifiedwithlargeimpacts,butnoneissodramaticastheCretaceousevent.Butevenwithoutsuchspecificdocumentation,itisclearthatimpactsofthissizedooccurandthattheirresultscanbecatastrophic.Whatisacatastropheforonegroupoflivingthings,however,maycreateopportunitiesforanothergroup.Followingeachmassextinction,thereisasuddenevolutionaryburstasnewspeciesdeveloptofilltheecologicalnichesopenedbytheevent.

Impactsbymeteoritesrepresentonemechanismthatcouldcauseglobalcatastrophesandseriouslyinfluencetheevolutionoflifeallovertheplanet.Accordingtosomeestimates,themajorityofallextinctionsofspeciesmaybeduetosuchimpacts.Suchaperspectivefundamentallychangesourviewofbiologicalevolution.Thestandardcriterionforthesurvivalofaspeciesisitssuccessincompetingwithotherspeciesandadaptingtoslowlychangingenvironments.Yetanequallyimportantcriterionistheabilityofaspeciestosurviverandomglobalecologicalcatastrophesduetoimpacts.

Earthisatargetinacosmicshootinggallery,subjecttorandomviolenteventsthatwereunsuspectedafewdecadesago.In1991theUnitedStatesCongressaskedNASAtoinvestigatethehazardposedtodaybylargeimpactsonEarth.Thegroupconductingthestudyconcludedfromadetailedanalysisthatimpactsfrommeteoritescanindeedbehazardous.Althoughthereisalwayssomeriskthatalargeimpactcouldoccur,carefulstudyshowsthatthisriskisquitesmall.

62.Inparagraph2,whydoestheauthorincludetheinformationthatdinosaurshadflourishedfortensofmillionsofyearsandthensuddenlydisappeared?

63.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthelocationofthemeteoriteimpactinMexico?

64.Theword“excavating”inPara.4isclosestinmeaningto____.

65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefactorsthatareessentialforthesurvivalofaspeciesissupportedinParagraph6?

问题1选项

A.TosupporttheclaimthatthemassextinctionattheendoftheCretaceousisthebest-documentedofthedozenorsomassextinctionsinthegeologicalrecord.

B.ToexplainwhyasmanyashalfofthespeciesonEarthatthetimearebelievedtohavebecomeextinctattheendoftheCretaceous.

C.ToexplainwhypaleontologistshavealwaysbeenintriguedbythemassextinctionattheendoftheCretaceous.

D.Toprovideevidencethatanimpactcanbelargeenoughtodisturbtheenvironmentoftheentireplanetandcauseanecologicaldisaster.

问题2选项

A.ThelocationoftheimpactsiteinMexicowaskeptsecretbygeologistsfrom1980to1990.

B.Itwasawell-knownfactthattheimpacthadoccurredintheYucatregion.

C.Geologistsknewthattherehadbeenanimpactbeforetheyknewwhereithadoccurred.

D.TheYucatregionwaschosenbygeologistsasthemostprobableimpactsitebecauseofitsclimate.

问题3选项

A.diggingout

B.extending

C.destroying

D.coveringup

问题4选项

A.Themostimportantfactorforthesurvivalofaspeciesisitsabilitytocompeteandadapttogradualchangesinitsenvironment.

B.Theabilityofaspeciestocompeteandadapttoagraduallychangingenvironmentisnottheonlyabilitythatisessentialforsurvival.

C.Sincemostextinctionsofspeciesareduetomajormeteoriteimpacts,theabilitytosurvivesuchimpactsisthemostimportantfactorforthesurvivalofaspecies.

D.Thefactorsthataremostimportantforthesurvivalofaspeciesvarysignificantlyfromonespeciestoanother.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】62.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干:在第二段中,作者为什么要包括恐龙繁衍了数千万年然后突然消失的信息?定位到第二段最后一句Fortensofmillionsofyears,thosegreatcreatureshadflourished.Then,suddenly,theydisappeared.(千百万年来,这些伟大的生物繁衍生息。然后,突然,他们消失了),然后这句话的前文Whilethereareadozenormoremassextinctionsinthegeologicalrecord,theCretaceousmassextinctionhasalwaysintriguedpaleontologistsbecauseitmarkstheendoftheageofthedinosaurs.(尽管在地质记录中有十几种或更多的大规模灭绝,但白垩纪的大规模灭绝总能引起古生物学家的兴趣,因为它标志着恐龙时代的终结),因此C项“解释为什么古生物学家总是对白垩纪末的大灭绝感兴趣”符合题意。A项“为了证明白垩纪末的大灭绝是地质记录中十几次大灭绝中记录最完整的一次”,B项“解释为什么当时地球上有一半的物种在白垩纪末灭绝”,D项“提供证据,证明一次影响可能大到足以扰乱整个地球的环境,造成生态灾难”,均不符合题意。

63.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】判断推理题。从第三段倒数第二句By1990geologistshadlocatedtheimpactsiteitselfintheYucatregionofMexico(到1990年,地质学家已经将撞击地点定位在墨西哥的尤卡特地区)可知B项“众所周知,撞击发生在尤卡特地区”为正确答案。A项“1980年至1990年,地质学家对墨西哥撞击地点的位置保密”,C项“地质学家在知道撞击发生的地点之前就已经知道了”,D项“由于气候原因,地质学家选择尤卡特地区作为最可能的撞击地点”,均在文中未体现,故错误。

64.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】词义推测题。excavating“挖掘;开凿”。A项“掘出”,B项“延伸;扩展”,C项“摧毁;毁灭”,D项“掩盖”,结合句意:这次撞击释放了巨大的能量,一个约为月球Tycho陨石坑两倍大的陨石坑。因此A项符合题意。

65.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据第六段第四句Thestandardcriterionforthesurvivalofaspeciesisitssuccessincompetingwithotherspeciesandadaptingtoslowlychangingenvironments.Yetanequallyimportantcriterionistheabilityofaspeciestosurviverandomglobalecologicalcatastrophesduetoimpacts.(一个物种生存的标准是它能否成功地与其他物种竞争并适应缓慢变化的环境。然而,一个同样重要的标准是,一个物种是否有能力在随机的全球生态灾难中生存下来)可知B项“物种竞争和适应逐渐变化的环境的能力不是生存所必需的唯一能力”最贴近文意,是正确答案。A项“一个物种生存的最重要因素是它的竞争能力和适应环境逐渐变化的能力”,C项“由于大多数物种的灭绝都是由于主要的陨石撞击造成的,因此在这种撞击下生存的能力是物种生存的最重要因素”,D项“对于一个物种的生存来说,最重要的因素在不同的物种之间有很大的差异”,均未在第六段体现。

6.单选题

Indailylife,heisfreeandeasy,butinhiswork,heisaperson()perfection.

问题1选项

A.inproportionto

B.inpreferenceto

C.inthewakeof

D.inpursuitof

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在日常生活中,他是无拘无朿的,但在工作中他却是一个追求完美的人。

考查短语辨析。inproportionto与…成比例,与…相称;inpreferenceto优先于…;inthewakeof紧紧跟随,随着…而来;inpursuitof寻求,追求。此处为介词短语做后置定语。D符合句意。

7.单选题

Bothchildrenseemedtobedoingeverythingtheycouldto____me,whenIwasalreadyinabadmoodbeforegettinghome.

问题1选项

A.agitate

B.aggregate

C.aggravate

D.alleviate

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.agitate鼓动;使焦虑不安B.aggregate总计

C.aggravate(故意)激怒;惹恼D.alleviate减轻

【答案】C

【考查点】语义衔接与形近词辨析

【解题思路】空格所在部分语义为“两个孩子似乎都在尽他们所能地____我”,根据后文“回家之前我就已经心情不好了”推测,两个孩子的行为让我心情更加不好了,C选项“(故意)激怒;惹恼”与原句语义衔接最紧密。

【干扰项排除】

A选项agitate“鼓动;使焦虑不安”,“使焦虑”没有“使恼火”符合原句语义;

B选项aggregate“总计”,为aggravate的形近词,但不符合原句语义衔接;

D选项alleviate“减轻”,为aggravate的形近词,但不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】两个孩子似乎都在千方百计地使我恼火,而我在回家之前就已经心情不好了。

8.单选题

ThepoliticalcrisisinUkraine,whereoppositionprotestersareburningcampfiresandsettinguptentsinthecenterofKiev,ispresentingatestforRussia,whichgambledheavilyonitsneighbor’spresidentialelection.

Adefeatofthepro-Moscowcandidate,PrimeMinisterViktorYanukovych,wouldhumiliatetheKremlinoneyearafteranotherformerSovietrepublic,Georgia,slippedfromitsinfluence,accordingtoobserversandpoliticalanalysts.

TheUkrainianupheavalechoeswhathappenedinGeorgia,whereprotestsovervoteriggingledtotheresignationofaMoscow-linkedpresidentandalandslidevictoryofayoung,western-educatedandWestern-orientedleader.

ForMoscow,thestakesareevenhigherinUkraine.UnlikeGeorgia,UkrainesharescloseethnicandlinguistictieswithRussia;Kiev,Ukraine’scapital,isthecradleoftheRussiancultureandtheancientcapitalofthefirstRussianstate.

PresidentVladimirV.PutinofRussiawantstoforgeacloserunionbetweenthreeSlavicnationsRussia,Ukraine,andtiny,authoritarianBelarusandUkraineiskeytotheplan,RussianbusinesseshavemajorinterestsinUkraine,whichbordersRussiatothewest.TheRussianmilitaryalsowantstohaveUkraineasanallyoverwhichitcanholdsway,notasapotentialNATOparticipant,theanalystssaid.

AsotherformerrepublicsturnedawayfromRussia,Moscow“getsthefeelingthatUkraineisitsclosestally,withasymbolicsignificance,”saidMarshaLipmanoftheCarnegieMoscowCenter.“RussiahasgivenitselfagoalofgettingacontrollableUkraine.I'mafraiditwon’thappen.”

PutinquicklycongratulatedYanukovychfollowingSunday’svote,whichpittedtheprimeministeragainstoppositionleaderViktorYushchenko.ButWesternobserversreportedvotingfraud,andhundredsofthousandsofUkrainiansralliedinprotest.

“Ifthecrisislasts,itwillbecomeapotentialsourceofproblemsforRussia’srelationswiththeWest,”saidAlexanderPikayev,anindependentpoliticalanalystinMoscow“Russiawillhavetoshareresponsibilityfortheacutepoliticalcrisis.”

TheKremlinhadcomeoutearlyandstronglyforYanukovychbeforetheelection.PutintraveledtwicetoUkraine,aheadofeachroundofvoting.Tosupporttheofficialpurposeofhisfirstvisit,attendinganniversarycelebrationsofUkraine’sliberationfromtheNazisinWorldWarII,thefestivitieswererescheduledfor10daysearlierthantheactualdate.

Sincethevote,theKremlin’spropagandamachinehasbeeninfullswing.Russia’sChannelOnetelevision,controlledbytheKremlinlikeallothermajornetworksaccusedtheUkrainianoppositionofbreakingthelawbydeclaringYushchenkotherightfullyelectedpresident.

Inhisprime-timeshow,televisioncommentatorMikhailLeontyevcomparedtheUkrainianoppositiontoMiddleEasternmilitants.“ButthisisnottheGazaStrip,andthechaoscannotgoonindefinitely,”hesaid,warningthatproteststrikeswouldonlyhurtordinarypeople.

RussiantelevisionalsoairedreportsontheanniversaryofGeorgia's“RoseRevolution”onTuesday,sayingthecountrywassteepedinmiseryandpovertyayearafterthefalloftheoldgovernment.Russianindependentnewspapers,however,whichreachonlyafractionoftheTVaudience,wroteaboutadifferentGeorgiathesamedaytellinghowhappyGeorgianshaddecoratedshopwindowsandrestaurantswithrosestocelebrate.

ManyRussiansviewUkraine’spowerfuloppositionasakindofforcethathasdisappearedinRussiaundertheincreasinglyauthoritarianPutinadministration.

Russiahasnothadaseriouslycontestedpresidentialelectionsince1996,whenBorisYeltsinnarrowlydefeatedaCommunistchallenger.Thepoliticaloppositionhereisfracturedandmarginalized,oustedfromparliamentinlastyear’sballotingcloselydirectedbytheKremlin.

RussianoptimistshopeadefeatofYanukovychwouldforcetheKremlintoreconsideritsattemptstocontrolpoliticallifeinotherformerSovietrepublics.PessimistsfearthathislosswouldonlyprompttheKremlintotightenitsrule.

“Thestakesarehigh,”Lipmansaid.“It’saquestionofwhetherRussia’sneighborwillbeaUkrainerulednotthroughdemocraticinstitutesbutthroughadministrativemeans,oraUkrainethatwillembracedemocracy.”

1.Bysaying“ForMoscow,thestakesareevenhigherinUkraine”,theauthormeans().

2.AstoUkrainianelection,whichofthefollowingistrue?

3.What'sthemeaningofthesentence“...theKremlin’spropagandamachinehasbeeninfullswing”?

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.alloftheformerSovietRepublicsbetrayedRussiaexceptUkraine

B.UkraineisthekeytoPutin’spoliticalplan

C.UkraineisunlikeGeorgiainmanyaspects

D.UkraineweighsmoreforitscloselinkwithRussia

问题2选项

A.AnyofRussia'simproperresponseswillcausepoliticalcrisisinUkraine.

B.Russiahadrescheduledalotoffestivitiesbeforetheactualdateoftheelection.

C.Putin’scongratulationhascausedoppositionbetweenthetwocandidates.

D.ThevotingfraudreportedbyKremlincausedarallyinprotest.

问题3选项

A.TheRussianmediahasturnedfromsidetosideasitdoesn’tknowwhichsidetostand.

B.TheRussianmediahasshownanoverwhelmingsupportforYanukovych.

C.DifferentreportsfromKremlin’smediamadethepublicswingfromtimetotime.

D.Unlikewesternmedia,Kremlin’spropagandamachinehastakenaneutralstand.

问题4选项

A.Russiansweredissatisfiedwiththeabsenceofaseriouslycontestedelection.

B.RussiawouldtightenitsruletocontrolpoliticallifeinotherformerSovietrepublics.

C.AsequenceofupheavalsinitsneighborsindicateRussia’slossofcontroloverthem.

D.RussiawouldallowUkrainetoberuledthroughdemocraticinstitutes.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Bysaying“ForMoscow,thestakesareevenhigherinUkraine”,theauthormeans______.1.通过说“对莫斯科来说,乌克兰的风险更大”,作者的意思是______。

A.alloftheformerSovietRepublicsbetrayedRussiaexceptUkraineA.除了乌克兰,所有的前苏联加盟共和国都背叛了俄罗斯

B.UkraineisthekeytoPutin’spoliticalplanB.乌克兰是普京政治计划的关键

C.UkraineisunlikeGeorgiainmanyaspectsC.乌克兰在很多方面都不像格鲁吉亚

D.UkraineweighsmoreforitscloselinkwithRussiaD.乌克兰因其与俄罗斯的紧密联系而更为重要

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位到原文第四段“对莫斯科来说,乌克兰的风险更大。乌克兰与俄罗斯有着密切的种族和语言联系;乌克兰首都基辅是俄罗斯文化的摇篮,也是俄罗斯第一个国家的古都。”,由该段的内容可以推断,作者说“对莫斯科来说,乌克兰的风险更大”的意思是指乌克兰对俄罗斯来说很重要,选项D符合原文。

【干扰项排除】

A项“除了乌克兰,所有的前苏联加盟共和国都背叛了俄罗斯”,文中没有提到前苏联加盟共和国背叛了俄罗斯,该项无中生有;

B项“乌克兰是普京政治计划的关键”,原文第五段提到俄罗斯总统普京希望在三个斯拉夫国家之间建立更紧密的联盟,而乌克兰是计划的关键,但与题干无关,属于张冠李戴;

C项“乌克兰在很多方面都不像格鲁吉亚”,根据第三段第一句“乌克兰的动荡与格鲁吉亚的情况类似”可知,该项属于反向干扰。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.AstoUkrainianelection,whichofthefollowingistrue?2.关于乌克兰选举,以下哪项是正确的?

A.AnyofRussia’simproperresponseswillcausepoliticalcrisisinUkraine.A.俄罗斯的任何不当反应都将在乌克兰引发政治危机。

B.Russiahadrescheduledalotoffestivitiesbeforetheactualdateoftheelection.B.俄罗斯在选举前重新安排了很多庆祝活动。

C.Putin’scongratulationhascausedoppositionbetweenthetwocandidates.C.普京的祝贺引起了两位候选人之间的反对。

D.ThevotingfraudreportedbyKremlincausedarallyinprotest.D.克里姆林宫报道的选举舞弊引发了一场抗议集会。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第八段的内容“莫斯科独立政治分析师亚历山大•皮卡耶夫说:‘如果危机持续下去,它将成为俄罗斯与西方关系的潜在问题源。俄罗斯将不得不为这场严重的政治危机分担责任。’”可知,俄罗斯的任何不当反应都将在乌克兰引发政治危机。所以A项“俄罗斯的任何不当反应都将在乌克兰引发政治危机”正确。

【干扰项排除】

B项“俄罗斯在选举前重新安排了很多庆祝活动”,定位到第十段第三句“为了支持他的首次访问的官方目的,即参加乌克兰在第二次世界大战中从纳粹手中解放出来的周年庆祝活动,庆祝活动被重新安排为比实际日期早10天。”可知文中提到只是将活动时间提前,并没有说有很多活动,该项曲解原文;

C项“普京的祝贺引起了两位候选人之间的反对”在文中没有提及,属于无中生有;

D项“克里姆林宫报道的选举舞弊引发了一场抗议集会”,乌克兰存在选举舞弊是西方观察人士提出来的,而不是由克里姆林宫报道出来的,该项曲解原文。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.What’sthemeaningofthesentence“...theKremlin’spropagandamachinehasbeeninfullswing”?3.“……克里姆林宫的宣传机构一直在全力运转”这句话是什么意思?

A.TheRussianmediahasturnedfromsidetosideasitdoesn’tknowwhichsidetostand.A.俄罗斯媒体一直在左右摇摆,因为他们不知道该站在哪一边。

B.TheRussianmediahasshownanoverwhelmingsupportforYanukovych.B.俄罗斯媒体对亚努科维奇表示了压倒性的支持。

C.DifferentreportsfromKremlin’smediamadethepublicswingfromtimetotime.C.克里姆林宫媒体的不同报道让公众时不时地摇摆不定。

D.Unlikewesternmedia,Kremlin’spropagandamachinehastakenaneutralstand.D.与西方媒体不同,克里姆林宫的宣传机构采取了中立立场。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位到原文第十段“自投票以来,克里姆林宫的宣传机构一直在全力运转。由克里姆林宫控制的俄罗斯第一电视台和其他主要电视台一样,指责乌克兰反对派宣布尤先科合法当选总统,违反了法律。”,从中可知,俄罗斯电视台指责尤先科当选乌克兰总统是违法的,这也就是说俄罗斯媒体对亚努科维奇当选总统表示了绝对的支持。选项B符合原文。

【干扰项排除】

A项“俄罗斯媒体一直在左右摇摆,因为他们不知道该站在哪一边”和D项“与西方媒体不同,克里姆林宫的宣传机构采取了中立立场”根据解题思路可知,这两项不符合原文,属于曲解原文;

C项“克里姆林宫媒体的不同报道让公众时不时地摇摆不定”没有提及,无中生有。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?4.从这篇文章中可以推断出什么?

A.Russiansweredissatisfiedwiththeabsenceofaseriouslycontestedelection.A.俄罗斯人对没有一场竞争激烈的选举感到不满。

B.RussiawouldtightenitsruletocontrolpoliticallifeinotherformerSovietrepublics.B.俄罗斯将加强统治,控制其他前苏联加盟共和国的政治生活。

C.AsequenceofupheavalsinitsneighborsindicateRussia’slossofcontroloverthem.C.邻国发生的一系列动荡表明,俄罗斯已经失去了对它们的控制。

D.RussiawouldallowUkrainetoberuledthroughdemocraticinstitutes.D.俄罗斯将允许乌克兰通过民主机构进行统治。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第六段的内容可知,随着其他前苏联加盟共和国纷纷离开俄罗斯,莫斯科“感觉到乌克兰是它最亲密的盟友,具有象征意义”。俄罗斯给自己设定了一个目标,那就是控制乌克兰。然而乌克兰发生了政变,俄罗斯并没有达成这一目标,由此说明,邻国的一系列动荡表明俄罗斯对它们失去了控制。选项C符合原文。

【干扰项排除】

A项“俄罗斯人对没有一场竞争激烈的选举感到不满”在文中没有这一句,无中生有;

B项“俄罗斯将加强统治,控制其他前苏联加盟共和国的政治生活”,根据解题思路可知,前苏联加盟共和国离开了俄罗斯,俄罗斯失去了对邻国的控制,所以该项与原文相反,属于反向干扰;

D项“俄罗斯将允许乌克兰通过民主机构进行统治”,根据最后一段“俄罗斯的邻国会成为一个不是通过民主机构而是通过行政手段统治的乌克兰,还是一个拥抱民主的乌克兰,这是一个问题(it’saquestion)”可知,该项并不能推断出来,属于曲解原文。

9.单选题

Thewordfor“TheDaVinciCode”isarareinvertiblepalindrome.Rotated180degreesonahorizontalaxissothatitisupsidedown,itdenotesthematernalessencethatissometimeslinkedtothesportofsoccer.Readrightsideup,itconciselyconveysthekindofextremeenthusiasmwithwhichthisriddle-filled,code-breaking,exhilaratinglybrainythrillercanberecommended.Thatwordiswow.

TheauthorisDanBrown(anameyouwillwanttoremember).Inthisgleefullyeruditesuspensenovel,Mr.Browntakestheformathehasbeendevelopingthroughthreeearliernovelsandfine-tunesittoblockbusterperfection.NotsincetheadventofHarryPotterhasanauthorsoflagrantlydelightedinleadingreadersonabreathlesschaseandcoaxingthemthroughhoops.Considerthenewbook’sprologue,setintheGrandGalleryoftheLouvre.(Thisisthekindofbookthatnoticesthatthisonegallery’slengthisthreetimesthatoftheWashingtonMonument).IembroilsaCaravaggio,analbinomonkandacuratorinafighttothedeath.That’ssceneleavinglittledoubtthattheauthorknowshowtopiqueinterest,asthecurator,JacquesSauniere,fightsforhislife.

Desperatelyseizingthepaintinginordertoactivatethemuseum’salarmsystem,Saunieresucceedsinbuyingsometime.Andheusesthesestolenmoments?Whicharehislast?Totakeoffhisclothes,drawacircleandarrangehimselflikethefigureinLeonardo’smostfamousdrawing,“TheVitruvianMan."AndtoleavebehindananagramandFibonacci’sfamousnumericalseriesasclues.

Whateverthisisabout,itisenoughtosummonLangdon,whobynow,heblushestorecall,hasbeendescribedinanadoringmagazinearticleas“HarrisonFordinHarristweed.”Langdon’slatestmanuscript,which“proposedsomeveryunconventionalinterpretationsofestablishedreligiousiconographywhichwouldcertainlybecontroversial,”isdefinitelygermane.

AlsosoononthesceneisthecryptologistSophieNeveu,achipofftheauthor’searlierprototypes:“Unlikethecookie-cutterblondesthatadornedHarvarddormroomwalls,thiswomanwashealthywithanunembellishedbeautyandgenuinenessthatradiatedastrikingpersonalconfidence.”EvenifhehadnotcontrivedthisentirestoryasahuntfortheLostSacredFeminineessence,womeninparticularwouldloveMr.Brown.

Thebookmovesatabreakneckpace,withtheauthorseemingthoroughlytoenjoyhiscontrivances.Virtuallyeverychapterendswithacliffhanger:noteasy,consideringtheamountofplainoldtalkingthatgetsdone.AndSophieandLangdonaresentontherun,thebettertochumupathrilleratmosphere.Totheircredit,theyevadetheirpursuersasingeniouslyastheydomosteverythingelse.

Whenbeingfollowedviaaglobalpositioningsystem,forinstance,itissmarttosendthesensorflyingouta40-footwindowandleadpursuerstothinkyouhavedonethesame.Somehowthebookmanagestoreconcilesuchderring-dowithremarkslike,“Anddidyouknowthatifyoudividethenumberoffemalebeesbythenumberofmalebeesinanybeehiveintheworld,youalwaysgetthesamenumber?”

“TheDaVinciCode”isbreezyenougheventomakefunofitscharacters’owncleverness.AtonepointLangdonisaskedbyhishostwhetherhehashiddenasought-aftertreasurecarefullyenough.“Actually,Langdonsays,unabletohidehisgrin,“thatdependsonhowoftenyoudustunderyourcouch.”

Whydoestheauthorusetheword“wow”todescribethenovelTheDaVinciCode?

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatHarryPotterisallthefollowingEXCEPT(

).

3.ThemajorfactorthatcontributestothesuccessofTheDaVinciCodeis(

).

4.Theauthor’sattitudetowards“TheDaVinceCode”is(

).

问题1选项

A.Becausethewordreadsthesamebackwards.

B.Becauseitisalsolinkedtothesportoffootball.

C.Becausethenovelisimbuedwithperplexingenigmasandsmartlywrought.

D.Becausethenovelisabestseller.

问题2选项

A.DanBrown,authorof“TheDaVinciCode”haspublishedsofarfournovels

B.TheDaVinciCodebeginswithamysteriousmurdercaseintheGalleryofLouvre.

C.Inhisearliernovels,DanBrownhascreatedcharacterslikeSophieNeveu.

D.TheDaVinciCodewinsthepopularityamongwomenbecauseDanBrownisaferventfeminist.

问题3选项

A.Itisalsoabestselleraroundtheworld

B.Itattractsreaderswithheart-throbbingsuspense

C.Itischaracterizedbyhoaxandunreliableplots

D.Ithasachievedimmensepopularitywithreaders

问题4选项

A.theengrossingprologue

B.thedepictionofthefemaleprotagonistSophieNeveu

C.thebreakneckpaceandacliffhangerattheendofalmosteverychapter

D.thecolorfuldescriptionoftheclevernessofthecharacters

问题5选项

A.critical

B.indifferent

C.affirmative

D.sarcastic

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。题目问的是“作者为什么要用‘wow’这个词来描述《达芬奇密码》?”文章第一段倒数第二句话提到“这部小说简明地传递出一种极大的热情,充满谜语、密码破译以及令人兴奋的惊险小说,值得推荐”(Readrightsideup,itconciselyconveysthekindofextremeenthusiasmwithwhichthisriddle-filled,code-breaking,exhilaratinglybrainythrillercanberecommended),而wow可以作为感叹词,表示极大的惊奇或钦佩,选项C“因为这部小说充满令人费解的谜且写法巧妙”符合题意。

第2题:细节事实题。题目问的是“根据文章内容可知以下哪个描述是错误的?”文章中并没有提及这部小说的作者是一个女权主义者,因此,选项D“《达芬奇密码》非常受女性欢迎,是因为作者是一位热情的女权主义者”符合题意。

第3题:推理判断题。题目问的是“下列关于哈利波特的描述哪个是错误的?”文章第二段提到“自从《哈利•波特》面世以来,没有一个作者能够如此明目张胆地引导读者到喘不过气地追赶上”(NotsincetheadventofHarryPotterhasanauthorsoflagrantlydelightedinleadingreadersonabreathlesschaseandcoaxingthemthroughhoops),因此选项C“以恶作剧和不可信的内容为特色”符合题意。

第4题:推理判断题。题目问的是“《达芬奇密码》成功的主要原因是什么?”文章第二段提到自从《哈利•波特》面世以来,没有一个作者能够如此明目张胆地引导读者到喘不过气的追赶上”(NotsincetheadventofHarryPotterhasanauthorsoflagrantlydelightedinleadingreadersonabreathlesschaseandcoaxingthemthroughhoops),由此可知哈利•波特这部小说情节发展很快;文章倒数第三段提到“这部书几乎每张都有一个吊人胃口的结局”(Virtuallyeverychapterendswithacliffhanger),由此可知选项C“迅速发展的情节和吊人胃口的结尾”符合题意。

第5题:观点态度题。题目问的是“作者对《达芬奇密码》的观点是什么?”文章最后一段第一句话提到“《达芬奇密码》足够自信甚至去打趣人物自己的聪明”(“TheDaVinciCode”isbreezyenougheventomakefunofitscharacters’owncleverness),选项C“肯定的”符合题意。

10.单选题

Someofthestateuniversityaregeneraluniversitiesprovidingall____andalltypesofinstruction.

问题1选项

A.fashions

B.facility

C.falsities

D.faculties

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.fashions时尚B.facility设施

C.falsities虚伪D.faculties(高等院校的)系;学院

【答案】D

【考查点】语义衔接与形近词辨析

【解题思路】原句语义为“一些州立大学是提供所有____和各类教学的普通大学。”空格处所填词前有all修饰,所以该词为复数,并且与“各类教学”并列,D选项faculties“(高等院校的)系;学院”最符合语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】

A选项fashions“时尚”,为faculties的形近词,但不符合原句语义衔接;

B选项facility“设施”,名词单数,与all搭配不当,且没有“学院”语义衔接紧密;

C选项falsities“虚伪”,为faculties的形近词,但不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】一些州立大学是提供各个系和各类教学的普通大学。

11.单选题

______hisknowledgeandacademicbackground,heisbasicallystupid.

问题1选项

A.Butfor

B.Accordingto

C.Forall

D.Thanksto

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。butfor“要不是;如果没有”;accordingto“根据,依据”;forall“尽管,虽然”;thanksto“由于,幸亏”。句意:尽管他知识渊博,也受过教育,但本质上是愚蠢的。选项C符合题意。

12.单选题

Themassmediaisabigpartofourculture,yetitcanalsobeahelper,adviserandteachertoouryounggeneration.Themassmediaaffectsthelivesofouryoungbyactingasa(an)(1)foranumberofinstitutionsandsocialcontacts.Inthisway,it(2)avarietyoffunctionsinhumanlife.

Thetimespentinfrontofthetelevisionscreenisusuallyatthe(3)ofleisure:thereislesstimeforgames,amusementandrest.(4)bywhat

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