考研考博-英语-上海外国语大学考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海外国语大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Inthewakeofthe70-vehiclepileup,aslewoflawsuitsareexpectedtobe_______againstdrivers,truckingcompaniesandseveralstateagenciesallegingnegligenceandwrongfuldeath.

问题1选项

A.subjected

B.filed

C.committed

D.surrendered

【答案】B

【解析】subject使屈从于……,使隶属;file把……归档,提出(申请等);commit犯罪,做错事;surrender投降,自首。句意：在这起70辆汽车连环相撞事件发生后,预计将对司机、货运公司和几家州政府机构提起一系列诉讼,指控他们玩忽职守和过失杀人。filealawsuitagainst控告,起诉。选项B符合句意。

2.单选题

Inthepast,mostforestershavebeenmen,buttoday,thenumberofwomen（）thisfieldisclimbing.

问题1选项

A.engaging

B.devoting

C.registering

D.pursuing

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。enrolling登记,

招收；dedicating献身,

致力，后面一般接介词to;reclaiming开拓,

开垦；

pursuing从事,

进行。句意：过去，大多数护林员都是男性，但今天，从事这一领域的女性人数正在攀升。选项D符合句意。

3.单选题

The（

）ofelectroniccomputershasopenedupnewwaysofdataanalysisforthescientists.

问题1选项

A.advert

B.adverse

C.advent

D.advise

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项advert作名词表示“广告，宣传”，作不及物动词表示“引起注意，提到”；B选项adverse“不利的，有害的”是形容词；C选项advent“（重要事件、人物、发明等的）出现，到来”是名词；D选项advise“劝告，忠告，建议”是动词。由“the+名词+of”及句意可知选C。句意：电子计算机的出现为科学家们开辟了新的数据分析方法。

4.单选题

TWAwascriticizedfortryingtocoverupthetruthratherthanpromptlynotifyingvictims’families.

问题1选项

A.briefly

B.quickly

C.accurately

D.earnestly

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词辨析。promptly表示“迅速地，立即地”；A项briefly“简洁地”，B项quickly“迅速地，快速地”，C项accurately“精确地，准确地”，D项earnestly“认真地，诚挚地”。句意：环球航空公司因试图掩盖真相而没有及时通知受害者家属而受到批评。根据句意可知，选择B项正确。

5.单选题

Thewealthofacountryshouldbe（

）thehealthandhappinessofitspeoplemeasuredaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.

问题1选项

A.inlinewith

B.intermsof

C.inregardwith

D.bymeansof

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项inlinewith“跟……一致，符合”；B选项intermsof“根据”；C选项inregardof“关于……，至于……”；D选项bymeansof“用，依靠”。根据measured（判断）可知B选项符合语境。句意：衡量一个国家的财富要根据它的人民的健康和幸福，以及它可以提供的物质产品。

6.单选题

______naturemeansalllivingplantsandanimals.

问题1选项

A.Scientific

B.Animate

C.Good

D.Large

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项Scientific“科学的”；B选项Animate“有生命的”；C选项Good“良好的”；D选项Large“大量的；广泛的”。句意：______的物种是指所有有生命的动植物。根据语境，B选项Animate“有生命的”比较符合语境，这里是在解释有生命的物种是什么，符合题意。因此B选项正确。

7.单选题

TheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000yearsago.Nowtwitter,instantmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunication—butnonecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech.

Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingtribute,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.

Overthepastyear,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsorwhatwascertainlyastormytime.

Persuasionisusedindealingwithorreconcilingdifferentpointsofview.WhentheleadersmetinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.

Inspirationalspeechesconfronttheemotions.Theyfocusontopicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople’shearts.Duringwars,generalsusedinspiringspeechestopreparethetroopsforbattle.

Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.Theinformationmustbeclear,accurate,andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingway.WhentheH1N1pandemicwasannounced,theideaof“swineflu”scaredmanypeople.InformativespeechesfromWordsHealthOrganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicunder 

controlsotheycouldtakesensibleprecautions.

Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.Madonna’sspeechaboutMichaelJackson,afterhisdeath,heightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusic.

It’snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole.Itcanalsobesurprisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.

Ifyou’retakingpartinadebateyouneedtopersuadethelistenersofthesoundnessofyourargument.Insports,athletesknowtheimportanceofapeptalk（鼓舞士气的讲话）beforeamatchtoinspireteammates.Youyourselfmaybeaskedtodoapresentationatcollegeorworktoinformtheothersaboutanareaofvitalimportance.

Onamorepersonallevel,afriendmaybeupsetandneedcomforting.Oryoumightbeaskedtointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding,whereyoulanguagewillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.

Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe’rebornwith.EvenBarackObamaworkshardtoperfecteveryspeech.Forabrilliantspeech,therearerulesthatyoucanputtogooduse.Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.

1.Theauthorthinksthespokenwordisstillirreplaceablebecause（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTabouttheroleofpublicspeaking?

3.PublicspeakingcanplayallthefollowingrolesEXCEPT（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheauthor’sviewon“greatspeakingability”？

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.ithasalwaysbeenusedtoinspireorpersuadepeople.

B.ithasabigroletoplayintheentertainmentbusiness

C.itplaysimportantrolesinhumancommunication

D.itisofgreatuseineveryday-lifecontext

问题2选项

A.Speechesatworldforumscanleadtoeffectivesolutionstoworldproblems

B.Speechesfrommedicalauthoritiescancalmpeopledownintimesofpandemics

C.Themoraleofsoldiersbeforeabattlecanbeboostedbyseniorofficers’speeches

D.Speechespayingtributetothedeadcancomfortthemourners.

问题3选项

A.toconvincepeopleinadebate

B.informpeopleatapresentation

C.toadvisepeopleatwork

D.toentertainpeopleatawedding

问题4选项

A.Itcomesfromobservingrules.

B.Itcanbeperfectedwitheasyeffort

C.Itcanbeacquiredfrombirth.

D.Itcomesfromlearningandpractice.

问题5选项

A.Publicspeakingininternationalforums.

B.Theymanyusesofpublicspeaking

C.Publicspeakingindailylifecontext.

D.Therulesofpublicspeaking

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.文章第二段提到演讲的功能：说服、启发、通知、致敬、娱乐等等，而这些是其他手段无法替代的，选项C符合题意。

2.文章第八段提到这不仅仅是在世界论坛的公开演讲中扮演着重要角色（It’snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole），选项A“世界论坛上的演讲可以为世界性问题提供有效方案”表述不正确，符合题意。

3.文章第二段提到了演讲词的各种功能，比如说服或启发，通知、致敬、娱乐等，或者只是介绍某人某事或接受某事。选项C“在工作中给人建议”不是演讲的功能，符合题意。

4.文章最后一段Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast提到为了精彩的演讲，有一些规则可以很好的利用，必须学习并且练习以前的演讲。选项D符合题意，“精彩的演讲来源于练习和学习”

5.文章开头提及推特、博客、邮件这些交流方式，但是这些都无法取代演讲这个话题（Nowtwitter,instantmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunicationbutnonecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech）。接着介绍了演讲的作用，比如说服或启发、通知、致敬、娱乐等。最后提到演说能力不是天生的，而是需要通过不断学习和练习才得到的。选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

Thecaptainperformshisdutieswithgreat_______andallthecrewbelievedthattheycangetoverthestorm.

问题1选项

A.affection

B.suspicion

C.assurance

D.definition

【答案】C

【解析】affection喜爱,影响;suspicion怀疑;assurance确信,断言,withassurance指有把握地,自信地;definition定义。句意：船长信心十足地履行着他的职责，所有的船员都相信他们能够战胜暴风雨。选项C符合句意。

9.单选题

Ithasbeenknownformanydecadesthattheappearanceofsunspotsisroughlyperiodic,withanaveragecycleofelevenyears.Moreover,theincidenceofsolarflaresandthefluxofsolarcosmicrays,ultravioletradiation,andX-radiationallvarydirectlywiththesunspotcycle.Butaftermorethanacenturyofinvestigation,therelationoftheseandotherphenomena,knowncollectivelyasthesolar-activitycycle,toterrestrialweatherandclimateremainsunclear.Forexample,thesunspotcycleandthealliedmagnetic-polaritycyclehavebeenlinkedtoperiodicitiesdiscernedinrecordsofsuchvariablesasrainfall,temperature,andwinds.Invariably,however,therelationisweak,andcommonlyofdubiousstatisticalsignificance.

Effectsofsolarvariabilityoverlongertermshavealsobeensought.TheabsenceofrecordedsunspotactivityinthenoteskeptbyEuropeanobserversinthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturieshasledsomescholarstopostulateabriefcessationofsunspotactivityatthattime(aperiodcalledtheMaunderminimum).TheMaunderminimumhasbeenlinkedtoaspanofunusualcoldinEuropeextendingfromthesixteenthtotheearlynineteenthCenturies.TherealityoftheMaunderminimumhasyettobeestablished,howeverespeciallysincetherecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolaractivitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.Scientistshavealsosoughtevidenceoflong-termsolarperiodicitiesbyexaminingindirectclimatologicaldata,suchasfossilrecordsofthethicknessofancienttreerings.Thesestudies,however,failedtolinkunequivocallyterrestrialclimateandthesolar-activitycycleoreventoconfirmthecycle’spastexistence.

Ifconsistantandreliablegeologicalorarchaeologicalandclimatologicalevidencetracingthesolar-activitycycleinthedistantpastcouldbefound,itmightalsoresolveanimportantissueinsolarphysics:howtomodelsolaractivity.Currently,therearetwomodelsofsolaractivity.ThefirstsupposesthattheSun’sinternalmotions(causedbyrotationandconvection)interactwithitslarge-scalemagneticfieldtoproduceadynamo,adeviceinwhichmechanicalenergyisconvertedintotheenergyofamagneticfield.Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdrivesfromwouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.ThealternativeexplanationsupposesthattheSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldisaremnantofthefieldtheSunacquiredwhenitformed,andisnotsustainedagainstdecay.Inthismodel,thesolarmechanismdependentontheSun’smagneticfieldrunsdownmorequickly.Thus,thecharacteristicsofthesolar-activitycyclewouldbeexpectedtochangeoveralongperiodoftime.Modemsolarobservationsspantooshortatimetorevealwhetherpresentcyclicalsolar-activityisalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,ormerelyatransientphenomenon.

1.Theauthorfocusesprimarilyon（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetwomodelsofsolaractivityisaccurate?

3.Accordingtothepassage,lateseventeenth-andearlyeighteenth-centuryChineserecordsareimportantforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheargumentinfavorofthefirstmodelwouldbestrengthenedifwhichofthefollowingwerefoundtobetrue?

问题1选项

A.presentingtwocompetingscientifictheoriesconcerningsolaractivityandevaluatinggeologicalevidenceoftencitedtosupportthem

B.givingabriefoverviewofsomerecentscientificdevelopmentsinsolarphysicsandassessingtheirimpactonfutureclimatologicalresearch

C.discussingthedifficultiesinvolvedinlinkingterrestrialphenomenawithsolaractivityandindicatinghowresolvingthatissuecouldhaveanimpactonourunderstandingofsolarphysics

D.outlinethespecificreasonswhyaprobleminsolarphysicshasnotyetbeensolvedandfaultingtheoverlytheoreticalapproachofmodernphysicists

问题2选项

A.Inbothmodelscyclicalsolaractivityisregardedasalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,persistingwithlittlechangeoverbillionsofyears.

B.Tobothmodelsthesolar-activitycycleishypothesizedasbeingdependentonthelarge-scalesolarmagneticfield.

C.ToonemodeltheSun'smagneticfieldisthoughttoplayaroleincausingsolaractivity,whereasintheothermodelitisnot.

D.Inonemodelsolaractivityispresumedtobeunrelatedtoterrestrialphenomena,whereasintheothermodelsolaractivityisthoughttohaveobservableeffectsontheEarth.

问题3选项

A.TheysuggestthatthedataonwhichtheMaunderminimumwaspredicatedwereincorrect.

B.TheysuggestthattheMaunderminimummightbevalidonlyforEurope.

C.Theyestablishtheexistenceofaspanofunusuallycoldweatherworldwideatthetimeofthefounderminimum.

D.TheyestablishthatsolaractivityatthetimeoftheMaunderminimumdidnotsignificantlyvaryfromitspresentpattern.

问题4选项

A.Episodesofintensevolcaniceruptionsinthedistainpastoccurredincycleshavingverylongperiodicities.

B.Atthepresenttimethegloballevelofthunderstormactivityincreasesanddecreasesincycleswithperiodicitiesofapproximately11years.

C.Inthelastcenturythelengthofthesunspotcyclehasbeenknowntovarybyasmuchas2yearsfromitsaverageperiodicityof11years.

D.Hundredsofmillionsofyearsago,solar-activitycyclesdisplayedthesameperiodicitiesasdopresent-daysolar-activitycycles.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。A选项“指出有关太阳活动的两种相对的科学理论并对其各自的地质依据进行评价”，B选项“简要概述近期科学在太阳物理学方面的发展并且就他们对未来气候研究的影响做出评价”，C选项“讨论将地球上的各种现象与太阳活动联系起来的困难性并指出问题的解决方法影响着我们对太阳物理活动的理解”，D选项“概述有关太阳物理的问题之所以一直没解决的原因并且对现代物理学家过度理论化的方法进行指责”，根据文章大意可以推断出C选项符合题意。

2.推理判断题。文章对太阳活动的两种模式的介绍主要集中在文章的第三段。根据第三段中的“Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.”“简而言之，太阳大范围的磁场是自给自足的，因此与之相关的太阳活动周期将会在几十亿年内维持基本不变”可知在第一种模式中，太阳活动的周期是与太阳大范围的磁场相关的并且太阳活动周期是可以长期维持基本不变的。根据第三段中的“Inthismodel,thesolarmechanismdependentontheSun’smagneticfieldrunsdownmorequickly.Thus,thecharacteristicsofthesolar-activitycyclewouldbeexpectedtochangeoveralongperiodoftime.”“在这种模式中，与太阳磁场相关的太阳机制变化更快，因此，太阳活动周期的特点也会在很长一段时间后有所变化”可知在第二种模式中太阳活动的周期也是和太阳磁场相关的，但是太阳活动周期是会有所变化的。所以A选项‘在这两个模型中，周期性的太阳活动被认为是太阳的一个长期特征，在数十亿年的时间里几乎没有变化。’和C选项‘在一个模型中，太阳磁场被认为是导致太阳活动的一个因素，而在另一个模型中则不是。’表错误，D选项文章中没有体现，所以B选项正确。

3.细节事实题。根据文章第二段中的“TherealityoftheMaunderminimumhasyettobeestablished,howeverespeciallysincetherecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolaractivitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.”“太阳活动极小期的真实性还有待考证，特别是中国当时肉眼观察到的太阳活动的记录又与其相矛盾”确定A选项‘他们认为,蒙德极小期的数据是建立不正确的。’符合题意。

4.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.”“简而言之，太阳大范围的磁场是自给自足的，因此与之相关的太阳活动周期将会在几十亿年内维持基本不变”确定D选项“数亿年前太阳活动的周期性特征和如今太阳活动的周期性相同”是对第一种模式的支持。

10.单选题

Likemanyothersmallboys,Iwasfascinatedbycars,notleastbecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacarguyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrend.Everysooften,oneofthosemagazineswouldrunanarticleonthe“CaroftheFuture”.Theyfeaturedunconventionalstylingandthingslikesmallnuclearreactorsaspowersources.Yet,frankly,mycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo.Itgoes,itstops,itburnsgasoline,itplaysmusic.Istillhavetosteerit,anditstillrunsintothingsifIdon’tsteeritcarefully.

Butguesswhat?Allofthesethingsaresubjecttochangeinthenot-so-distantfuture.Itwillstillgoandstop,butitmaynotburngasoline.Imaynothavetosteerit,anditmaybealotbetteratnotrunningintothings.

Airbagsaren’tthebe-allandend-allinsafety.Infact,consideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsinlow-speedcollisions（碰撞）,theyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.Buttheyaren’tgoingaway,andinfactyoucanexpecttoseecarsappearingwithadditional,side-impactairbags,somethingsomeEuropeancarmanufacturersalreadyoffer.

Betterthansystemstominimize（使减少到最低限度）injuryintheeventofanaccident,however,aresystemsthatminimizethelikelihoodofanaccidenthappeninginthefirstplace.Futurecarsmaybeabletoeliminatemanyofthemajorcausesofaccidents,includingdrunk-driving,tailgatingandsleepiness.Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthatcandetectalcoholinadriver’ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstarted,forexample.Manyaccidentsarecausedbypeoplefollowingthecarinfronttooclosely.Asearlyasnextyear,you’llbeabletobuycarswithradar-equippedcontrolsystems.Iftheradardeterminesyou’reclosingtooquicklywiththecarinfront,itwilleaseuponthethrottle.Forcitystreets,expectotherradardevicesthatwillgiveadvancewarningthatthecarinfrontofyouhasslowedsuddenlyandyoushouldsteponthebrakes—orthatmayevenbrakeforyou.

Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?There’snoreasontothinkitwon’tbetechnicallypossible,andMercedesisworkingonasystemthatcanbrake,accelerateandsteeravehicledownahighwayonitsown.Nobodyreallyexpectspeopletogiveupallcontroltotheircars,butsuchsystemscouldbeusedasfailsafe（安全的）systemstokeepcarsontheroadandbringthemsafelytoastopevenifthedriversuddenlybecamedisabled.

1.Theauthorwasfascinatedbycarsbecause_____.

2.Bysay“mycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo”(Line-5-6,para.1),theauthormeansthat.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofairbags?

4.Whatwillfuturecarsdoifthesensorsdetectalcoholinthedriver’ssystem?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.othersmallboyslikedtoownacaroftheirown,too

B.hereadexoticthingsaboutcarsinhisbrother’smagazines

C.hisoldestbrotherlovedtotakehimtoplacesinhiscar

D.hesubscribedtocoolcarmagazines

问题2选项

A.mycarisfarbetterthanmybrother’swas

B.mycarisnotasgoodasmybrother’swas

C.notmuchhaschangedintheperformanceofcarssofar

D.muchimprovementhasbeenmadeinthedesignofcarsrecently

问题3选项

A.Theyareinneedoffurtherimprovement.

B.Theyaregoingtodisappeargradually.

C.Theykillpeopleinsteadofprotectingtheminlow-speedcollisions.

D.TheyareastandardfeatureofEuropeancars.

问题4选项

A.Theywillgiveawarninginadvance.

B.Theywillbrakeautomatically.

C.Theywilleaseuponthrottle.

D.Theywillnotstart.

问题5选项

A.Peoplewillgiveupallcontroltotheircars.

B.Carswillbeabletodrivethemselves.

C.Nocarswilleverbreakdownontheroads.

D.Carswillallbeequippedwithfailsafesystems.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。根据第一段第一句“Likemanyothersmallboys,Iwasfascinatedbycars,notleastbecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacarguyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrend.”和许多其他小男孩一样，我对汽车很着迷，尤其是因为我的哥哥是个汽车迷，订阅了《汽车与司机》和《汽车趋势》等很酷的杂志。由此可知，选项A“和其他男孩一样想拥有自己的车”和原文不符，作者只是说自己和其他男孩一样对汽车着迷；选项B“作者在哥哥的杂志上读到有关汽车的新奇事物”符合原文；选项C在文中没有提及；选项D是作者哥哥订阅的杂志而不是他自己，所以错误。

第2题:语义题。这句话的意思是“我的车不能做任何我哥哥的车所不能做的事”。根据下文的内容“Itgoes,itstops,itburnsgasoline,itplaysmusic.Istillhavetosteerit,anditstillrunsintothingsifIdon'tsteeritcarefully.”它前进，它停止，它燃烧汽油，它播放音乐。我仍然需要操纵它，如果我不小心操纵，它仍然会撞到东西。以及第二段首句“Butguesswhat?Allofthesethingsaresubjecttochangeinthenot-so-distantfuture.”但你猜怎么着？所有这些都可能在不久的将来发生变化。也就是说，到目前为止，汽车的性能并没有发生改变，它还是需要人来操控。所以选项C为正确答案。

第3题:细节事实题。根据第三段第二句“consideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsinlow-speedcollisions,theyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.”考虑到最近的新闻，安全气囊在低速碰撞中偶尔会使人丧生，显然安全气囊仍然需要一些改进。选项A符合原文。选项B与原文“Buttheyaren’tgoingaway.”不符；根据第二句中的关键词“occasionally”可知，选项C表述太绝对；选项D在文中没有提及。

第4题:细节事实题。根据关键词“alcohol”定位到倒数第四段“Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthatcandetectalcoholinadriver’ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstarted,forexample.”例如，汽车可以配备传感器，检测驾驶员身体中的酒精含量，从而防止汽车启动。由此可知，选项D“它们不会启动”正确。

第5题:细节事实题。根据最后一段第一句“Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?There’snoreasontothinkitwon'tbetechnicallypossible...”汽车最终能自动驾驶吗？没有理由认为这在技术上是不可能的。由此可知，选项B正确；根据最后一段第三句“Nobodyreallyexpectspeopletogiveupallcontroltotheircars.”没有人真的希望人们完全放弃对汽车的控制，所以选项A不正确；选项C和D在文中没有提及。

11.翻译题

IfandwhensuchaleaguebecomesrealityinChina,itwillnodoubtbeoneofthehottestadvertisingplatformsinsports.Butadvertisersaren’twaitingforallthelogisticstogetworkedout—theywanttocashinonChina’shotfansnow.

HoustonhasbeenreapingthebenefitsofYao’smarketingpullforseveralyearsnow,butMilwaukeeisjuststartingtogetatasteofwhatYiJianlianhastooffer.ChinesecompanieslikePeakhavealreadythrownadvertisingdollarstheBucks’way.NowtheBucksarestartingtoseethecashflowtheotherdirectionasAmericancompaniesbeginusingthemtoadvertiseacrosstheocean.

ThisweektheMilwaukeeJournalSentinel（密尔瓦基新闻卫报）reportedthatMilwaukee-basedRockwellAutomationInc.hasbegunadvertisingcourtside（球场边缘区）duringBucks’games—inChinese.“We’redoingthissolelytotargetourChinesecustomers,”Rockwellspokes¬manJohnBemadentoldthepaper.Rockwell’sad,whichrollsacrossthescorers’tableduringeachgameformaybeaminuteofcumulativeexposure,costRockwellsixfigurestoplace.Butwithanestimated150millionpotentialcustomerswatchingeachBucksgameinChina,thepriceseemsmorethanworthit.

Thepaper’sreportsaystheBucksareseekingoutmoreChinese-languageadvertisers.AstheNBAgainssteaminChina,findingthemshouldnotbedifficult.

【答案】如果这一联盟在中国变为现实，那它无疑将成为体育界最热门的广告平台之一。但是广告商不会等待所有筹划准备工作完成，他们现在就想在中国狂热的篮球迷身上大赚一笔。

几年来，休斯敦依靠姚明的市场吸引力获利丰厚，但密尔沃基才刚刚尝到易建联带来的利润甜头。像匹克这样的中国公司已经开始将大笔的广告费投入到雄鹿队身上。现在雄鹿也开始看到美国的公司反过来利用它们在海外做广告。

本周，《密尔瓦基新闻卫报》报道说总部位于密尔瓦基的罗克韦尔自动化有限公司已经开始在雄鹿队比赛期间用中文在场边做广告。罗克韦尔的发言人约翰.博纳登告诉《密尔瓦基新闻卫报》说：“我们的广告就是针对中国客户的。”罗克韦尔公司的广告在每场比赛的记分牌旁滚动播出，大约累计一分钟就会花掉该公司六位数的费用。但据估计，有一亿五千万的中国潜在消费者观看雄鹿的比赛，这点广告费简直是物超所值。

该报还指出雄鹿正在寻找更多的中文的广告商。随着NBA在中国的崛起，想找到这样的人肯定不难。

12.单选题

TheNationalParkSystem______areasofnaturalbeautyforpreservationandpublicemployment.

问题1选项

A.setsaside

B.savesup

C.arrangesfor

D.reservesfor

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项setaside“挑出，留出”，B项saveup“储蓄，贮存”，C项arrangefor“安排，为……做准备”，D项reservefor“为……而保留”。由areasofnaturalbeauty（自然风景区）可知，空格处填入“划出、留出”符合，A项正确。句意：国家公园系统为自然保护和公共就业划出了自然风景区。因此，该题选择A项。

13.单选题

Mostpeopletendtothinktheyaresoefficientattheirjobthattheyare（）.

问题1选项

A.inaccessible

B.irreversible

C.immovable

D.irreplaceable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A:inaccessible“达不到的；难见到的”；B:irreversible“不可逆的；不能翻转的”；C:immovable“不可移动的；固定的”；D:irreplaceable“不能调换的；不能代替的”。句意：大多数人都认为自己的工作效率很高，无人能取代他们。结合句意，故D为正确答案。

14.单选题

Ifyouwantthispain-killer,you’llhavetoaskthedoctorfora（）.

问题1选项

A.receipt

B.recipe

C.subscription

D.prescription

【答案】D

【解析】句意:如果你想要这个止疼药，你将不得不向医生要一个药方。

考查名词辨析。receipt收据，收条，接收，收到;recipe食谱，秘诀;subscription捐献，订阅，签署；prescription药方，指示，惯例。根据前半句句意“如果你想要这个止疼药”可知D符合句意。

15.单选题

Inspiteoftherain,the______spectatorswaitedpatientlyforthedelayedstartofthegame.

问题1选项

A.industrious

B.ingenious

C.chaotic

D.assiduous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项industrious“勤奋的，勤劳的”，B项ingenious“有独创性的，机灵的，精制的”，C项chaotic“混沌的，混乱的”，D项assiduous“兢兢业业的，孜孜不倦的”。由spectators（观众）和thedelayedstartofthegame（被推迟的比赛开始）可知，当时的现场应该是“混乱的”，C项符合。句意：尽管下着雨，但是混乱的观众耐心地等待着被推迟的比赛开始。因此，该题选择C项。

16.单选题

Eventhecleverestuseoftimemanagementtechniquesispowerlessto_______thesumofminutesinaperson’slife(over52million,optimisticallyassumingalifeexpectancyof100years),sopeoplesqueezeasmuchastheycouldintoeachoneofthem.

问题1选项

A.augment

B.quantify

C.enrich

D.justify

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项augment“增加，增大”；B选项quantify“确定数量”；C选项enrich“使充实；使富足”；D选项justify“证明正确；对……作出解释”。句意：即使是最巧妙的时间管理技巧也无法_______人的生命中的时间总和（5200万分钟以上，乐观地假设寿命为100岁），所以人们尽可能地抓紧每一分钟。根据语境，这里指的是时间管理技巧不能让人们的时间变多，所以augment“增加”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

17.单选题

TheBrownslivedina（

）andcomfortablyfurnishedhouseinthesuburbs.

问题1选项

A.confess

B.sufficient

C.wide

D.wretched

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：布朗一家住在郊区宽敞而且设施齐全的房子里。Confess“忏悔”，动词；sufficient“足够的”；wide“宽敞的”；wretched“可怜的”。根据句意，选项C符合题意。

18.单选题

Onenevercanseethethinginitself,becausetheminddoesnot（

）phenomena.

问题1选项

A.transcend

B.superior

C.pass

D.advantage

【答案】A

【解析】transcend胜过，超越；superior上级的，优秀的；pass经过，传递；advantage有利于，使处于优势。句意：一个人永远无法看到事物本身，因为思想无法超越现象。选项A符合语境。

19.单选题

Itgavemeastrangefeelingofexcitementtoseemynamein（

）.

问题1选项

A.news

B.print

C.publication

D.press

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。news意为“新闻，消息”；print意为“印刷业，印记”；publication意为“出版”；press意为“新闻，出版社”。inprint意为“印出来”。

句意：当看到我的名字出现在出版物上时，我有一种奇怪的兴奋感。

20.单选题

Sheworelong,heavydresses,clothesthatallowed（）movement.

问题1选项

A.minimumof

B.theminimum

C.herminimumof

D.aminimumof

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定用法。四个选项中只有aminimumof“至少，最少的”为固定用法。因此选项D符合题意，表示“裙子又长又重，走起路来只能慢慢挪动”。

21.单选题

Asregardstothedevelopmentofmoralstandardsinthegrowingchild,（）isveryimportantinparentalteaching.Toforbidathingonedayandexcuseitthenextisnofoundationformorality.

问题1选项

A.persistence

B.regularity

C.consistency

D.conformity

【答案】C

【解析】名词词义辨析。persistence持续，固执；regularity规则性，整齐；consistency一致性；conformity一致，符合。句意：关于成长中的孩子道德标准的发展，一致性在父母的教学中是非常重要的。今天禁止一件事，明天又原谅它，这不是道德的基础。强调一致的性质，所以选项C更恰当

22.翻译题

当前我国经济发展的势头良好，经济增长基本做到了速度、质量和效益的平衡。但是，我们应该淸醒地看到，世界上没有一个国家的经济发展会长盛不衰，会永远保持高速度，中国也不例外。改革开放取得的成就是有目共睹的，但是，随着经济形势的变化，又出现了一些新的矛盾和问题，比如，国企改革问题、失业率高问题、金融风险问题以及生态环境破坏问题等。这些问题都需要我们高度重视，尽快找到有效的解决办法。

【答案】Oureconomyisdoingreallywell;wehavebasicallystruckabalancebetweenspeed,qualityandeconomicbenefitintermsofeconomicgrowth.Butweshouldbesoberlyawarethatthereisnocountryintheworldthatcanperpetuateaneconomicboomandhigh-speedgrowth,soChinawillnotbeanexception.TheachievementsofChina’sreformandopening-uphavebeenthereforalltosee,butastheeconomicclimatechanges,somenewcontradictionsandproblemsemergesagain,suchasthereformofthestate-ownedenterprises,highunemploymentrate,financialrisk,ecologicalandenvironmentaldamage,etc.Alloftheseproblemsrequireustopayhighattentiontoandfindeffectivesolutionsassoonaspossible.

23.单选题

Whenwecreditthesuccessfulpeoplewithintelligence,physicalstrengthorgoodluck,wearemakingexcusesforourselvesbecausewefall（）inallthree.

问题1选项

A.rare

B.lacking

C.short

D.scarce

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配辨析。rare“稀有的；稀薄的；半熟的”；lacking“缺乏的；没有的；不足的”；short“短的；不足的；矮的”；scarce“缺乏的；不足的；稀有的”，这四个词是同义词，都有“缺乏的”的意思，但是这里fallshort是一个固定搭配，表示“不足；缺乏”。句意：当我们认为成功的人具有智慧、强健的体魄和好运时，我们只是在为我们……以上三种因素而找借口。故正确答案为选项C。

24.单选题

InthecaseofFinney,whereanattendantatamentalhospitalcausedthedeathofapatientbyreleasingaflowofboilingwaterintoabath,thetestwaswhetherhewasgrossly______.

问题1选项

A.negative

B.negligent

C.neglected

D.negligible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项negative“负的；消极的；否定的；阴性的”；B选项negligent“疏忽的；粗心大意的”；C选项neglected“被忽视的；无人照管的”；D选项negligible“微不足道的，可以忽略的”。句意：在芬尼案中，精神病院的一名护工将沸腾的开水倒入浴缸，导致一名病人死亡，测试的是他是否严重疏忽。因此B选项正确。

25.单选题