考研考博-英语-北京信息职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京信息职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

V.CivilandCommercialLaw

Earlyinthe20thcentury,NewZealandadoptedanationalno-faultworkerscompensationscheme,replacingtortlawforindustrialaccidentswhileleavingtherestofitintact.Italsomandatedtortliabilityinsuranceagainstautoaccidents.Duringthe1960s,NewZealandestablishedaroyalcommissiontoexplorepossiblereformstoitsworkerscompensationsystem.Assometimesoccurswithsuchbodies,itdecidednottobelimitedbyitsremitbutproceededinsteadtoreviewthetortsystemmoregenerally.

In1967,thecommissionpublishedtheWoodhouseReport(namedafterthejusticewholedtheeffort).Itseverelycriticizedthefault-basedtortsystem’s“falsemorality,”unpredictabledamageawards,andhightransactioncosts(amountingtoover40%ofthetotalsystemcosts,muchlowerthanthecomparablecostsinU.S.asbestoslitigationfirstlaunchedataroundthesametime).Inplaceoftort,theReportproposedacomprehensiveno-faultcompensationschemeforpersonalinjuriesgenerally(notjustworkplaceaccidents),onethatithopedwouldbedesignedtoprovidewagelossbenefitsroughlymatchingpre-injuryearningsandadditionalbenefitsforpermanentbodilyimpairment,whilealsopromotingaccidentprevention,victimrehabilitation,andadministrativeefficiency.

In1972,theNationalPartygovernment,whoseJusticeandLabourministrieshadbeenactivelypromotingthecommissionandtheWoodhouseReport,pushedthroughtheAccidentCompensationAct.Itenjoyedbipartisansupportandpassedquiteeasily-afactthatwillastonishanyAmericanlawyerobservingtheendlessstrugglesovereventhemildesttortreformsintheU.S.Amendedin1973bythenewLabourgovernmenttoincludeaccidentstonon-wageearners,theActwentintoeffectinApril1974.

Evenmoresurprising,thepublicdidnotdemandthenewsystem.Instead,accordingtoGeoffreyPalmer,itwasthehandiworkofasmallgroupofdedicatedreformersledbyinfluentialandprestigiousjudges.Successwasassuredwhenthemajorgroupsopposingthereform—theinsuranceindustry,thebar,andlaborunions—turnedouttobepoliticallyweakandfragmented.ThenewsystemwasnotthecomprehensiveabolitionoftortthattheWoodhouseReporthadproposed.Rather,itlimitedno-faultcoveragetomotorvehicle-relatedinjuriesandtowage-earners’injuries(whetherworkrelatedornot).Butthegovernmentsubsequentlyexpandedthesystemtocovervirtuallyallaccidentalinjuriesandtoconferverybroadbenefitsforvictims.NewZealanderstodaygenerallyregardtheirsystem(somedisputeddetailsaside)asamainstayoftheirsocialpolicy.

67.Accordingtothe1stparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementaboutthecommissionisNOTtrue?

68.TheWoodhouseReportcontainedthefollowingBUT___.

69.WhichstatementabouttheAccidentCompensationActistrue?

70.TheNewZealandersattitudetowardsthenewtortsystemwas___.

问题1选项

A.Itwasestablishedin1960.

B.Itwasauthorizedtoexplorepossiblereformstotheworkerscompensationsystem.

C.Itdecidedtoreviewthetortsystemmoregenerally.

D.Itwasaroyalcommission.

问题2选项

A.criticizingthefault-basedtortsystem’s“falsemorality”

B.propositionaboutacomprehensiveno-faultcompensationscheme

C.accidentprevention

D.muchlowercoststhanthecomparablecostsinU.S.

问题3选项

A.ItbecameeffectiveinApril1973.

B.TheNationalPartygovernmentwasagainsttheAct.

C.TheJusticeandLabourministriesactivelypromotedtheAct.

D.TheActwasamendedin1973beforeitbecameeffective.

问题4选项

A.supportivefromtheverybeginning

B.representedbyasmallgroupofdedicatedreformers

C.firstunconcerned,thenbecameproudofit

D.representedbytheinsuranceindustry,thebar,andlaborunions

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】67.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键词“thecommission”定位到原文第一段Duringthe1960s,NewZealandestablishedaroyalcommissiontoexplorepossiblereformstoitsworkerscompensationsystem.（20世纪60年代，新西兰成立了一个皇家委员会，探讨对其工人薪酬制度可能进行的改革）可知这个皇家委员会是在20世纪60年代（指1960~1969）成立，无法判断是否成立于1960年，A选项“它成立于1960年”陈述和原文不符，B选项“它被授权探索对工人补偿制度进行可能的改革”以及D选项“这是一个皇家委员会”符合原文；第一段Assometimesoccurswithsuchbodies,itdecidednottobelimitedbyitsremitbutproceededinsteadtoreviewthetortsystemmoregenerally.（正如这些机构有时会发生的那样，它决定不受其职权范围的限制，而是更广泛地审查侵权制度）可知C选项“它决定更广泛地审查侵权制度”符合原文。因此A选项符合题意。

68.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键字“TheWoodhouseReport”定位到原文第二段amountingtoover40%ofthetotalsystemcosts,muchlowerthanthecomparablecostsinU.S.asbestoslitigationfirstlaunchedataroundthesametime（相当于总制度成本的40%以上，远低于美国石棉诉讼中的可比成本）可知D选项“比美国的可比成本低得多”所提到的范围比原文所提及的“远低于美国石棉诉讼中的可比成本”大得多，D选项对比原文有误；第二段Itseverelycriticizedthefault-basedtortsystem’s“falsemorality,”（它严厉批评了基于过错的侵权制度的“虚假道德”）可知A选项“批评基于过错的侵权制度的‘虚假道德’”符合原文；第二段Inplaceoftort,theReportproposedacomprehensiveno-faultcompensationschemeforpersonalinjuriesgenerally…whilealsopromotingaccidentprevention…（报告提出了一个全面的人身伤害无过错赔偿计划……同时也促进了事故预防……）可知B选项“关于全面无故障补偿方案的提议”和C选项“事故预防”符合原文。因此D选项符合题意。

69.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第三段In1972,theNationalPartygovernment,whoseJusticeandLabourministrieshadbeenactivelypromotingthecommissionandtheWoodhouseReport,pushedthroughtheAccidentCompensationAct.（1972年，国家党政府，其司法部和劳动部一直在积极推动委员会和伍德豪斯报告，推动通过了事故赔偿法）可知C选项“司法部和劳工部积极推动该法”符合原文，同时可知B选项“国家党政府反对该法案”和原文相悖；第三段Amendedin1973bythenewLabourgovernmenttoincludeaccidentstonon-wageearners,theActwentintoeffectinApril1974（新工党政府于1973年修订了这项法案，将事故纳入非工薪阶层，该法案于1974年4月生效）可知法案生效于1974年4月，A选项“1973年4月生效”和D选项“该法案在1973年生效前进行了修正”错误。因此C选项符合题意。

70.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键字“TheNewZealanders”定位到原文第四段Evenmoresurprising,thepublicdidnotdemandthenewsystem.（更令人惊讶的是，公众并没有要求新系统）可知新西兰人最开始并没有支持新的侵权制度，而是不关心，A选项“从一开始就支持”不符合原文，结合第四段最后一句NewZealanderstodaygenerallyregardtheirsystem(somedisputeddetailsaside)asamainstayoftheirsocialpolicy.（今天的新西兰人普遍认为他们的制度（撇开一些有争议的细节不谈）是他们社会政策的支柱）可知起初不关心的新西兰人们现在觉得自豪，选C选项“起初不关心，后来变得自豪”；第四段Instead,accordingtoGeoffreyPalmer,itwasthehandiworkofasmallgroupofdedicatedreformersledbyinfluentialandprestigiousjudges.（相反，据杰弗里帕尔默说，这是一个由有影响力和声望的法官领导的致力于改革的小团体的杰作）可知B选项“由一小群献身的改革者代表”并不是新西兰民众的态度，原文只是说明这个制度是由有影响力和声望的法官领导的致力于改革的小团体的杰作；第四段Successwasassuredwhenthemajorgroupsopposingthereform—theinsuranceindustry,thebar,andlaborunions—turnedouttobepoliticallyweakandfragmented.（当反对改革的主要团体——保险业、律师协会和工会——在政治上变得软弱和支离破碎时，改革取得了成功）可知保险业、律师协会和工会是反对改革的主要群体，并不是新西兰人对新的侵权制度的态度，也不能算新西兰人对这一制度的代表态度，D选项“以保险行业、律师和工会为代表”错误。因此C选项正确。

2.单选题

Theconductoroftheorchestrawasnotsatisfiedwiththeballetforthestepsofthedancerwasnot（）withtherhythmofthemusic.

问题1选项

A.coordinated

B.corresponded

C.synchronized

D.reconciled

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组。Synchronizewith“（使）同步；（使）在时间上一致；（使）同速进行”。句意：管弦乐队的指挥对芭蕾舞不满意，因为舞蹈家的舞步与音乐的节奏不一致。根据语境和句意可知C为正确答案。

3.单选题

Untilrecently,womeninadvertisementswereoneofthreethings—anapron,aglamorousdressorafrown.Althoughthatisnowchanging,manywomenstillfeelangryenoughtodefaceoffendingadvertisementswithstickersprotesting,“Thisaddegradeswomen.”Whydoesthissortofadvertisingexist?Howcanadvertisersandadagenciesstillproduce,sometimes,aftermonthsofresearch,advertisingthatoffendstheconsumer?

TheAdvertisingStandardsAuthority(thebodywhichdealswithcomplaintsaboutprintmedia)iscarryingoutaresearchintohowwomenfeelaboutthewaytheyareportrayedinadvertisements.Itsconclusionsarelikelytobewhattheadvertisingindustryalreadyknows:althoughwomenareoftenirritatedbythewaytheyareseeninads,fewfeelstronglyenoughtocomplain.

Womenarenottheonlyvictimsofpoorandboringstereotypes—inmanyTVcommercialsmenareseeneitherasuseless,childishoafs(笨蛋)whoareunabletoperformthesimplesthouseholdtasks,orasinconsiderateboors,permanentlyonthelookoutforanescapetothepub.Butitiswomenwhoseemtobearthebruntoftheindustry’sapparentinabilitytoputpeopleintoanauthenticpresent-daycontext.

YetaccordingtoEmmaBennett,executivecreativedirectorofaLondonadvertisingagency,womenarenotinfuriatedbystereotypesandsexistadvertising.Ittendstowashoverthem,theyarenotmilitantorangry—theyjustfinditannoyingortiresome.Theyreluctantlyacceptoutdatedstereotypes,butheaveasighofreliefwhenanadvertisementreallygetsitright.

Shesaysthatitisnotadvertising’suseofthehousewiferolethatbotherswomen,butthewayinwhichitishandled.“Researchershaveoftenaskedthewrongquestions.Themostimportantthingistheadvertisement’stoneofvoice.Womenhatebeingpatronized,flatteredorgivendesperatelydown-to-earthcommonsenseadvice.”

Intheend,theresponsibilityforgoodadvertisingmustbesharedbetweentheadvertiser,theadvertisingagencyandtheconsumer.Advertisingdoesnotsettrendsbutitreflectsthem.Itisuptotheconsumertotelladvertiserswheretheyfail,anduntilpeopleonthereceivingendtakethebusinessseriouslyandmaketheirfeelingsknown,theprocessofchangewillremainlaboriouslyslow.

1.Despiterecentchangesinattitudes,someadvertisementsstillfailto（

）.

2.Accordingtothewriter,thecommonestfaultofpresent-dayadvertisingisto（

）.

3.EmmaBennettsuggeststhatadvertisementoughtto（

）.

4.Ultimatelytheadvertisingindustryshould（

）.

5.Theauthorseemstosuggestthatinordertoimproveadvertisingthecustomershould（

）.

问题1选项

A.changewomen’sopinionsofthemselves

B.meettheneedsoftheadvertisingindustry

C.persuadethepublictobuycertainproducts

D.showanyunderstandingofwomen’sfeelings

问题2选项

A.presentamisleadingimageofwomen

B.ignoreprotestsagainstadvertisements

C.misrepresenttheactivitiesofmen

D.condemntheroleofthehousewife

问题3选项

A.usemaleimagesinsteadoffemaleones

B.givefurtheremphasistopracticaladvice

C.changetheirstyleratherthantheircontent

D.paymorecomplimentstowomenthanbefore

问题4选项

A.takeitsjobmoreearnestly

B.domorepioneeringwork

C.takenoticeofthepublicopinion

D.concentrateontheproductsadvertised

问题5选项

A.takenonoticeofwhatisreflectedinads

B.remindadvertisersofwhathavebeenoverlooked

C.takeoverthemanagementofadvertisingagencies

D.refusetobuyproductsmisrepresentedbysomeads

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第一段最后一句中“Howcanadvertisersandadagenciesstillproduce,sometimes,aftermonthsofresearch,advertisingthatoffendstheconsumer？广告商和广告公司怎么能在经过数月的研究之后，还能生产出冒犯消费者的广告呢？”可推知一些广告仍然没有对消费者的感受表示出任何理解的迹象，故答案选D。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第三段“Butitiswomenwhoseemtobearthebruntoftheindustry’sapparentinabilitytoputpeopleintoanauthenticpresent-daycontext.但是，女性似乎首当其冲地承受着这个行业明显的无能，无法将人们置于真实的当今环境中。”可推知作者认为当前的广告最普遍的错误就是没有把女性放在真实的处境中，呈现出不真实的女性形象，答案选A。

3.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。定位到文章第五段第一句“Shesaysthatitisnotadvertising’suseofthehousewiferolethatbotherswomen,butthewayinwhichitishandled.她说，困扰女性的并不是广告对家庭主妇角色的使用，而是在于处理它的方式。”由此可推断她建议广告应该改变方式，而不是内容，故答案选C。

4.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。结合文章最后一段可知优秀的广告应该由广告商、广告机构和消费者共同完成，由此可推断广告业应该注重民意。答案选C。

5.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。定位到文章最后一段“Itisuptotheconsumertotelladvertiserswheretheyfail,anduntilpeopleonthereceivingendtakethebusinessseriouslyandmaketheirfeelingsknown,theprocessofchangewillremainlaboriouslyslow.消费者应该告诉广告商他们失败的地方；而改变的过程将会非常缓慢，直到作为接受方的消费者认真对待这件事，并让他们的感觉被广告商知道。”由此可知答案选B。

4.翻译题

1.Illnessbroughtherastrangerestlessnessandmadeherallthemoreeagertoclingtolifeandsqueezefromitthelastdropofhappiness.Itmadeherenvyhealth,butitalsomadehersentimentaloveraleafthatthewindhadblownintoherroom.

2.Cultureisthesystemofsharedbeliefs,values,customs,behaviors,andartifactsthatthemembersofsocietyusetocopewiththeirworldandwithoneanother,andthataretransmittedfromgenerationtogenerationthroughlearning.

3.NooneinauthorityinWashingtonorTokyowillsaypubliclythatcurrentturmoilislikelytobreakupthe35-year-oldUSsecurityalliance.

4.Amothertakestwentyyearstomakeamanofherboy,andanotherwomanmakesafoolofhimintwentyminutes.

5.Thefirstpurposetowhichthenewspacetechnologywasappliedwascommunication.

【答案】1.说来也怪，缠绵病榻，使她特别焦躁不安，她越发急切地抓住人生不放，欲将人生的幸福压榨到最后一滴而后已。这病使她无比艳羡人家的健康，也使她多愁善感，见一叶飘零，随风入室，便愁绪满怀，无以自解。

2.文化是社会成员用来应对他们的世界和彼此之间的共同信仰、价值观、习俗、行为和人工制品的系统，并通过学习代代相传。

3.华盛顿和东京的权威人士无人愿意公开承认，目前的骚乱可能会使已有35年历史的美日安全同盟毁于一旦。

4.一个做母亲的要花二十年的时间把她的儿子变成一个男子汉，而另一个女人只需二十分钟就能把他变成一个傻瓜。

5.人们利用新的航天技术的首要目的就是通讯。

5.单选题

Themostinterestingnewcarsmayowe()thesimplewisdomofhiringafewtalentedpeopleandallowingthemtowork.

问题1选项

A.lesslocalfree-spiritednessthan

B.lesslocalfree-spiritednessthanto

C.tolesslocalfree-spiritednessthanto

D.lesstolocalfree-spiritednessthanto

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。oweto“归功于”是固定搭配，与比较级less…than连用，应为owelessto…thanto…。句意：最有趣的新车与其说得益于当地的自由精神，还不如说是得益于一种简单的智慧，即雇佣几个能人，并让他们为之工作。因此D选项符合题意。

6.单选题

Duringtheirfirstteachertrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe（）oflessons.

问题1选项

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在他们教师培训的第一年，学生们为了观摩课程经常参观当地学校。

考查名词辨析。observation监视，观察；investigation调查，研究;inspection检查，视察；examination检查。因此A项符合句意，在此处表示“观摩”。

7.单选题

AttheInterviewIntheinterviewtofindjobs,youneedtodothefollowingthings.

1.Thefirsttwoorthreeminutesareimportantinestablishingrapport.Trytodevelopafriendlyapproach,smile,relax,shakehands,addressthepersonbyname.Lookattheinterviewerandshowinterestinwhatisbeingsaid.

2.Takeamomenttothinkabouttheanswerstothequestions.Listencarefully;speakclearlyanddonotrush.

3.Benaturalandhonest.Bepositiveandconcentrateonachievementsandexperience.Donotmakefalseclaims.

4.Donotanswerjust’'yes”or"no";supportyouranswerswithexamplesandgivereasonsforyouropinions.Atthesametime,sticktothepointandrememberthattheinterviewer'stimeislimited.

5.Thestatusofthepersoninterviewingyoumayhaveabearingonthewayyouapproachyourmeeting.Apersonnelofficeassessing,candidatesforashortlistwillusuallynotbeinapositiontodiscusstechnicalities,anymorethanthesalesmanagercangiveyouthedetailsofthecompanypensionscheme.However,occasionallypersonnelstaffareequippedwithlistsofhighlytechnicalquestionsandtrainedtoassessyourresponseeventhoughtheyarenotexpertsthemselves.

6.Usetheinterviewtofindoutwhatyouwanttoknowaboutthejobandtheorganization.Havealistofquestionsreadytocoveranytopicsnotdealtwithbytheinterviewer.Makesureyouhavealltheinformationyouneed,notonlyabouttheactualpost,butabouttheorganizationitself,includingsuchaspectsascareerprospects,pensionscheme,andfringebenefits.

7.Useeveryopportunitytostressthatyouarenotjustafteranyoldjobbutthatyouarereallykeentoworkforthecompanywhichisinterviewingyou.

Aboutall,trynottotreattheinterviewasanexaminationinwhichyouarealwaysonthereceivingend.Useitinsteadasanopportunityforafullandfrankexchangeofinformation.Don’tbeafraidtoaskformoreinformationortoputyourownquestions.

1.Itisimportantfortheintervieweetobe

（

）

ataninterview.

2.Personnelofficersare

（

）

todiscusstechnicalities

.

3.Itiswisetohavealistofquestionstoask

（

）.

4.Showtheinterviewerthatyouare

（

）

toworkforhiscompany

.

5.Ataninterviewtheinterviewee（

）.

问题1选项

A.atease

B.casual

C.formal

D.respectful

问题2选项

A.alwaysqualified

B.neverqualified

C.notalwaysqualified

D.unqualified

问题3选项

A.beforeaninterview

B.atthebeginningofaninterview

C.attheendofaninterview

D.afteraninterview

问题4选项

A.anxious

B.desperate

C.eager

D.willing

问题5选项

A.canaskquestions

B.hastoanswerquestions

C.hastoaskquestions

D.shouldaskquestions

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。文章第一段提到“尽量展示出自己友好的一面，微笑，放松，握手，称呼对方”（Trytodevelopafriendlyapproach,smile,relax,shakehands,addressthepersonbyname），这些都是得体的表现，因此选项D符合题意。

第2题:细节事实题。文章第六段提到“有时候人事专员会准备一些技术问题，他们会评估你的回答，尽管他们自己不是专家”（however,occasionallypersonnelstaffareequippedwithlistsofhighlytechnicalquestionsandtrainedtoassessyourresponseeventhoughtheyarenotexpertsthemselves），由此可知，并不是所有的人事专员的专业知识都很强的，所以选项C符合题意。

第3题:细节事实题。文章第七段提到“列好一张全面问答的清单，有些问题面试官不会涉及”（havealistofquestionsreadytocoveranytopicsnotdealtwithbytheinterviewer），可知这些问题是在面试前已经准备好了，因此选项A符合题意。

第4题:词义题。文章第八段提到“利用每一个机会强调你不仅仅是想要一份工作，而是真的很想为面试你的这家公司工作”（useeveryopportunitytostressthatyouarenotjustafteranyoldjobbutthatyouarereallykeentoworkforthecompanywhichisinterviewingyou），因此选项C符合题意。

第5题:推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“不要害怕询问更多的信息或者提出自己的疑问”（Don’tbeafraidtoaskformoreinformationortoputyourownquestions），因此选项A符合题意。

8.问答题

ThereasonwhyJamesBondmoviesare(A)sopopularis(B)because(C)theycombinetheappealoftraditionalspy(D)storieswiththeappealoftechnologicaldevices.

【答案】试题答案：C；that

【解析】考查名词性从句。Thereasonwhy...isthat表语从句（……的原因是……）是固定句型，is后面用that，不能用because。

9.单选题

Amongpicturebooksfor4-8yearsold,severaloutstandingworksappearedthatcombinedoriginalstorieswith（）illustrations.

问题1选项

A.imaginable

B.imaginative

C.imaging

D.imageless

【答案】B

【解析】imaginable可能的，可想象的；imaginative想象的，虚构的；imaging成像；imageless无意象的。句意为“把故事原形与充分的想象相结合”。选项B符合句意。

10.不定项选择题

Asacompanyexecutivewhospenttenyearsinfederalservice,IamoftenaskedwhatIregardasthebiggestdifferencebetweenworkingforthegovernmentandworkingforaprivatecompany.Myinvariableresponseistosaythat1lookbackonmytimeingovernmentasoneofthemostexcitingandchallengingexperiencesofmylife.Furthermore,IneverworkedashardaswhenIwasapublicservant.

WhenIworkedforthegovernment;Iworkedwithsomeofthefinest,mostcompetentandmostcommittedpeopleIhaveevermet.Iwasimpressedbytheoverallqualityofourcareercivilservantsthen,andIstillam.ButoneofmygreatestconcernsnowisthatIwillnotbeabletoholdthissamehighopinioninthefuture.

Careerpublicservantsareleavinggovernmentinalarmingnumbers,andqualifiedreplacementsarebecomingharderandhardertofind.Goodpeoplewholeavecareergovernmentservicearestrivingforhighlypaidpositionsinprivateenterprises.

Wedependongovernmenttokeepthiscountrysafeinanuncertainworld,tosecurejusticeanddomesticorderandtosolveahostofpressingproblems.Weneedthebestpossiblepeopleperformingandoverseeingthesevitaltasks.Ahigh-qualityprofessionalfederalservicehasbeenasourceofnationalprideformorethanacentury.Butwhatwehavebuiltupduringahundredyearscanbelostinlesstimethanweimagine.Wecan’taffordtoletthishappen.Wemustactnowifthiscountryistobeassuredofthequalitypublicserviceitdeserves.

1.Careerpublicservantsareleavinggovernmentinalarmingnumbers.Oneofthereasonsmaybethat（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,soIwillnotbeabletoholdthissamehighopiniontowardthepublicservantsinthefuture.

3.Wedependongovernmenttokeepthiscountrysafeinanuncertainworld,therefore（

）.

4.Ifweneglecttheseriousproblemandmakenoefforts,wewilllose（

）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

问题1选项

A.theyreceivedlowerpay

B.theydeservednofameandglory

C.theyperformedpoorly

D.theyworkedharderthananyoneelse.

问题2选项

A.IneverworkedashardaswhenIwasapublicservant

B.Ihavebecomeacompanyexecutive

C.therewillnotbesomanycompetentandqualifiedservantsinthegovernmentaswehadbefore

D.mytimeingovernmentwasnotthemostexcitingexperienceinmylife

问题3选项

A.weshouldmakegreatercontributionstothecountry

B.thebestpossiblepeopleareurgentlyneededtodoimportanttasks

C.weshouldshowdeepconcernaboutthenation’sfuture

D.weshouldbecomepublicservants

问题4选项

A.nationalpride

B.high-qualityprofessionalfederalservice

C.goodpeople

D.privateenterprise

问题5选项

A.Thosewhoworkforcompaniesarehighlypaid.

B.Moreandmorepublicservantshaveleftthegovernment.

C.Careerpublicservantsarequalified.

D.Manypeopleofhighqualitieswanttoworkinthegovernment.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:判断推理题。题干：离开政府的职业公务员数量惊人。其中一个原因可能是……A选项“他们的工资低”；B选项“他们不配享有名誉和荣誉”；C选项“他们表现不佳”；D选项“他们比任何人都努力”。根据题干定位到第三段第二句话Goodpeoplewholeavecareergovernmentservicearestrivingforhighlypaidpositionsinprivateenterprises（离开政府部门的优秀人才正在争取私营企业的高薪职位），从这里可以推断，公务员离职和工资是有关系的，所以答案选A。其他选项不符题意。

第2题:判断推理题。题干：根据作者的观点，（）所以我将来不会对公务员有同样高的评价。A选项“我从来没有像当公务员时那样努力工作”；B选项“我已经成为一家公司的主管”；C选项“在政府将不会有像我们以前那么多的有能力和合格的服务员”；D选项“在政府工作并不是我一生中最激动人心的经历”。根据题干定位到第二段第二句话Iwasimpressedbytheoverallqualityofourcareercivilservantsthen,andIstillam.（当时的公务员整体素质给我留下了深刻的印象，现在依然如此），由此可知文章中的“opinion”指的是公务员素质很好；定位到第三段第一句Careerpublicservantsareleavinggovernmentinalarmingnumbers,andqualifiedreplacementsarebecomingharderandhardertofind.（离开政府的职业公务员数量惊人，合格的接替者越来越难找到）从这里可知，作者会认为自己将来不会有这种观点，因为公务员都离职了，新进的人素质没有这么高，所以答案选C。

第3题:判断推理题。题干：在这个不确定的世界里，我们依靠政府来保证国家的安全因此……A选项“我们应该对国家作出更大的贡献”；B选项“重要任务迫切需要尽可能优秀的人才”；C选项“我们应该对国家的前途表示深切的关心”；D选项“我们应该成为公务员”。定位到第三段第一二句话Wedependongovernmenttokeepthiscountrysafeinanuncertainworld,tosecurejusticeanddomesticorderandtosolveahostofpressingproblems.Weneedthebestpossiblepeopleperformingandoverseeingthesevitaltasks.（在这个充满不确定性的世界上，我们依靠政府来维护国家的安全，维护正义和国内秩序，并解决一系列紧迫的问题。我们需要尽可能优秀的人来执行和监督这些重要的任务。）由此可推断答案选B。A、D选项文中没有提及；文章最后一段最后一句话Wemustactnowifthiscountryistobeassuredofthequalitypublicserviceitdeserves.（如果这个国家想要得到它应得的高质量的公共服务，我们必须现在就采取行动）从这里可知我们应该行动起来而不只是忧虑，C选项错误。

第4题:判断推理题。题干：如果我们忽视这个严重的问题，不做任何努力，我们将会失去……。A选项“国家荣誉”；B选项“优质专业的联邦服务”；C选项“好的人民”；D选项“私人公司”。根据题干定位到第二段最后一句Goodpeoplewholeavecareergovernmentservicearestrivingforhighlypaidpositionsinprivateenterprises.

（离开政府部门的优秀人才正在争取私营企业的高薪职位。）从这里可知，问题就在于人才的流失，定位到最后一段第二三句Weneedthebestpossiblepeopleperformingandoverseeingthesevitaltasks.Ahigh-qualityprofessionalfederalservicehasbeenasourceofnationalprideformorethanacentury.（我们需要尽可能优秀的人来执行和监督这些重要的任务。一个多世纪以来，高质量的专业联邦服务一直是国家的骄傲。）人才流失后就会导致事情没人做，做不好，这些发生之后国家荣誉才会丧失，所以A错误，答案选B。

第5题:判断推理题。A选项“在私企工作的人薪水很高”；B选项“越来越多的公务员离开了”；C选项“职业公务员是合格的”；D选项“许多素质高的人都想在政府工作”。

第三段第一二句：Careerpublicservantsareleavinggovernmentinalarmingnumbers...Goodpeoplewholeavecareergovernmentservicearestrivingforhighlypaidpositionsinprivateenterprises（职业公务员正以惊人的数量离开政府……离开政府部门的优秀人才正在争取私营企业的高薪职位）从这里可知很多人离开政府部门去私企是因为工资高，所以A、B选项正确，D选项错误，所以答案选D；根据第二段第一句WhenIworkedforthegovernment;Iworkedwithsomeofthefinest,mostcompetentandmostcommittedpeopleIhaveevermet（我在政府工作的时候；我和一些我见过的最优秀、最有能力、最忠诚的人一起工作）可知C选项正确。

11.单选题

Heisso____thathebuiltaporchforhishouselastsummerduringhisvacation.

问题1选项

A.productive

B.snobbish

C.authoritative

D.versatile

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.productive高效的；多产的B.snobbish势利的

C.authoritative权威的D.versatile多才多艺的

【答案】D

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】根据后文“去年夏天度假时还为自己的房子建了一个门廊”可知，他会修建门廊，体现出他的多才多艺，D选项versatile“多才多艺的”最符合前后语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】

A选项productive“高效的；多产的”，侧重于指生产商品或种植农作物的产量高，不符合前后语义衔接；

B选项snobbish“势利的”，不符合前后语义衔接；

C选项authoritative“权威的”，不符合前后语义衔接。

【句意】他多才多艺，去年夏天度假时还为自己的房子建了一个门廊。

12.单选题

Theseisolatedelephantpopulationsare______toextinction.

问题1选项

A.fragile

B.primitive

C.vulnerable

D.susceptible

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项fragile“易碎的；不牢固的；虚弱的”；B选项primitive“原始的；落后的；（感觉或欲望）原始本能的”；C选项vulnerable“（身体上或感情上）脆弱的；易受……伤害的”，侧重指（由于有夹缝或弱点而）易受责难或攻击；D选项susceptible“易受（伤）的；易患（病）的”，侧重指易受影响。句意：这些______的大象种群很容易灭绝。根据语境，容易灭绝是因为容易受伤害，C选项vulnerable“（身体上或感情上）脆弱的；易受……伤害的”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

13.翻译题

Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChineseontheANSWERSHEET.

Twoyearsago,theUnitedNationswarnedthatadiseasecalled“Panamacoulddestroy”muchoftheworldsbananacrop.Sincethen,thingshavenotgottenbetter.AnewoutbreakwasdiscoveredlastyearinAustralia.ThediseasestartedinAsiainthe1990s,andlaterspreadtoAfricaandtheMiddleEast.

WorldhealthofficialsworrythediseasecouldtraveltoLatinAmerica,oneofthetopbananaproducersintheworld.

(41)ThePanamadiseaseisabigconcernbecausebananasareanimportantsourceofincomeandnutrientsformillionsofpeople.Theyaregrownin135tropicalnations.TheUnitedNationslistsbananasasoneofthemostimportantfoods,alongwithrice,wheatandcorn.Bananasalsocontainachemicalwhichitsaysmakespeoplefeelhappy.

RandyPloetz,aprofessorattheUniversityofFlorida,isconsideredbymanyasAmerica’stopbananaexpert,or,“topbanana.”AsheexplainedPanamadiseaseaffectstheCavendishbanana,whichisthemostpopularamongmorethan500kindsofbananas.

“Theindustryiswakinguptotheproblem,”PloetzsaidThursdaybytelephonefromMiami,Florida,wherehewasattendingtheInternationalBananaCongress.

ThemeetingwassupposedtotakeplaceinCostaRica,butwasmovedatthelastminute.TherewereconcernsbananagrowerscouldspreadPanamadiseasefromdirtcollectedontheirshoes.Ploetzsaid.

(42)Ploetz(普罗慈)saidifthediseasespreadstoLatinAmerica,itcouldhurttheworld’seconomyalongwithfoodsuppliesformillionsofpeople.Still,hesaidthereisreasonforhope.ScientistsinAustraliaareworkingonageneticallyengineeredbananathatmightnotbeatriskofgettingPanamadisease.Buthewonderedifpeoplearereadytoacceptgeneticallyengineeredbananas.

RobertBertramischiefscientistfortheU.S.AgencyforInternationalDevelopment(USAID).Hesaidbananasareimportanttomanymillionsofpeopleallovertheworld.“InAfrica,AsiaandtropicalAmerica,bananasareanimportantfoodsourceformorethan100millionpeople,hetoldVOA.”Asacashcrop,bananasaresoldinlocal,regionalandinternationalmarkets,”Bertramsaid.Bananaexportsprovidejobsandforeignmoneythatproducingcountriesneed,hesaid.

BertramsaidUSAIDisorganizingaworldwideefforttoresistPanamadisease.Afungus,knownasTR4,causesthePanamadisease.Before2013Bertram