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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山西艺术职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.翻译题

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoEnglish.

通过烟,我们可以看出人与人关系的深浅。客客气气递烟,说明关系尚浅;相互抢着递烟,说明地位相等,或视为相等;随随便便递烟,说明双方关系较深;伸手到对方口袋里掏烟,掏出来还要散给别人,那就简直是亲密无间,不分彼此的“铁哥们”了。

当今,越来越多的人正更换职业或者开始更具吸引力的二次创业,其动机或者原因不尽相同,但很多人更换职业,因为他们感到厌倦。对一些人来说,二次创业源于他们意识到他们不能从正从事的工作中得到他们想要的东西。他们决定去做他们喜欢并认为重要的事情。前一个职业所花的时间可能会缩小后一个职业的选择范围,所以很少人在人生的中期改换去做一项全新的职业,大多数人改换去做相关领域的一项职业。

【答案】Throughsmoking,wecantellthedepthoftheinterpersonalrelationship.Passingcigarettesinapolitemannerindicatesthattherelationshipbetweenthemisshallow;rushingtogivecigaretteseachothercanexplainthatthetwopersonsareinanequalstatusorconsideredequally;sharingcigarettescasuallytoeachothershowstherelationshipbetweenthemisdeeper;stretchingoutone’shandtogetcigarettesandgivingthemawaytoothersmeansthatthetwopersonsareintimatefriends.

Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplearechangingtheirprofessionsorstartingthemoreattractivesecondundertaking.Themotivationsorreasonsarevarious,butmostofpeoplearemakingacareerchangebecausethey’vebeenreallyfedupwithit.Forsomepeople,startingasecondbusinesscomesfromtherealizationthattheycannotgetwhattheywantoutofwhatthey’redoing.Theydecidetodothethingswhichtheyloveandconsiderimportant.Thetimespentintheformercareercannarrowtheoptionsforthelatter,sofewpeopleswitchtoanewcareerinthemiddleoftheirlives.Instead,mostpeopleliketodoaprofessionrelatedtothefieldstheygotinvolvedinbefore.

2.单选题

Ifacountrywantstodevelopitseconomysuccessfully,therehastobeaclear_______ofitssocialneeds.

问题1选项

A.assessment

B.assumption

C.assurance

D.appreciation

【答案】A

【解析】assessment评定,估价;assumption设想,假定;assurance确信,保证;appreciation欣赏,鉴别,感激。句意:一个国家要想成功地发展经济,就必须对其社会需求进行明确的评估。选项A符合句意。

3.单选题

16-20

问题1选项

A.Becausehehaddifficultyswallowingit.

B.Becauseitwasupsettinghisstomach.

C.Becausehewasallergictoit.

D.Becauseitwastooexpensive.

问题2选项

A.Hecan’tplaysocceranymore.

B.Hehasaseriousfootproblem.

C.Heneedsanoperation.

D.Hehascancer.

问题3选项

A.Abloodtransfusion.

B.Anallergytest.

C.Aurinetest..

D.Abiopsy.

问题4选项

A.Toseeifhehascancer.

B.Toseeifhehasdepression.

C.Toseeifherequiressurgery.

D.Toseeifhehasfoodallergyproblem.

问题5选项

A.Relieved.

B.Anxious.

C.Angry.

D.Depressed.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】W:Hi,Patrick,howareyoufeelingtoday?

M:Abitbetter.

W:That’sgoodtohear.Areyoustillfeelingnausea?

M:No.(16)Ihaven’tfeltsicktomystomachsinceyouswitchedmymedication.

W.Great,say,yourtestresultcamethismorning

M:It’sabouttime.Isitgoodnewsorbad?

W:Iguessit'sabitofboth.Whichdoyouwantfirst?

M:Let’sgetthebadnewsoverwith.

W:OK.(17)Itlookslikeyouaregoingtoneedsurgerytoremoveyourtumorfromyourleg.Aftertheoperationyou’regoingtohavetostayoffyourfeetforatleast3weeks.Thatmeansnosoccer.

M:Well,Iwasafraidyouweregoingtosaythat.

W:Now.Forthegoodnews.(18)Thebiopsyshowsthetumorisbenignwhichmeansitisnotcancerous.We’regoingtotakeitoutanyway,justtobeonthesafeside.

M:(20)Wow,that’saloadoffmymind.Thanksdoctor.

W:Don’tgettooexcited,westillneedtogettothebottomofallthiswayofloathing...

M:Iprobablyhavejustbeensoworriedaboutstupidlump.

W:Thesethingsoftenarestress-related,butwe’restillgoingtodoafewbloodtestsjusttoruleafewthingsout.

M:Thingslikewhat?Cancer?

W:(19)Actually,Iamthinkingmorealongthelineoffoodallergy.

16.Whatdidthemanhavetoswitchthemedication?

【解析】病人说胃里很恶心(upset),因此医生考虑要换药(switchthemedication)。故本题答案为B。

17.Whatisthebadnewsfortheman?

【解析】医生说“Thatmeansnosoccer”,即不能踢球,但并非永远不能再踢球,而是3个星期没法踢球。导致这个结果的原因是该病人腿部需要做一个手术。因此本题正确答案为C。

18.Whatmedicalprocedureshavethemanalreadyundergone?

【解析】通过对话内容可知,病人已经做了biopsy(活检)。因此本题答案为D。

19.Whydidthedoctoraskthemantotakeafewbloodtests?

【解析】医生告诉病人还需要做几个血液化验,来排除过敏(allergy)的问题。因此本题答案为D。

20.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheman’sfeelingintheend?

【解析】医生说“Thebeltshowsthetumorisbenignwhichmeansitisnotcancerous.We’regoingtotakeitoutanyway,justtobeonasafeside.”病人排除了恶性肿瘤等问题,应该是比较放松的。因此本题答案为A。

4.单选题

Thepresidentoftheboardalwaysgiveshisdirectionsso______thateveryonecanunderstandthem.

问题1选项

A.simply

B.explicitly

C.largely

D.shortly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A选项simply“简单地;朴素地;坦白地”;B选项explicitly“明确地;明白地”;C选项largely“主要地;大部分;大量地”;D选项shortly“立刻;简短地;唐突地”。句意:总统总是使他的方向……,让每个人都能理解他们。根据everyonecanunderstandthem.(每个人都能够理解他们),可推测,要使每个人都能理解他们,总统会让他的方向通俗易懂。结合句意,A选项正确。

5.单选题

Thegovernmentshouldreallypayattentiontothisproblemwhichcanbefoundeverywhereandbynomeans()tothisregion.

问题1选项

A.single

B.individual

C.alone

D.unique

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析。句意:政府确实应该关注这个问题,这个问题在任何地方都可以发现,并且不是这个地区所独有的。选项D符合句意。

6.单选题

Thebartenderwalkedout______thecounterandbegantodrivethedrunkoutofthebar.

问题1选项

A.frombefore

B.fromunder

C.frombehind

D.fromacross

【答案】C

【解析】考查介词辨析。A选项before“在……之前”;B选项under“在……下面”;C选项behind“在……后面”;D选项across“穿过”。句意:酒保从柜台后面走出来,开始把那个醉汉赶出酒吧。本句表示从柜台后面走出来。因此C选项正确。

7.单选题

Themayorisawomanwithgreat(

)andthereforedeservesourpoliticalandfinancialsupport.

问题1选项

A.intention

B.instinct

C.integrity

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】句意:这个市长是一位非常正直的女士,因此值得我们在政治上和经济上的支持。

形近词辨析。Intention意图,目的;instinct本能,直觉;integrity正直,诚实;intensity强烈,激情。根据句意判断C正确。

8.翻译题

Directions:Forthispart,youaretotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.

中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界发达国家,中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。中国的大学和研究所正在积极开展创新研究,这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学,从新能源到机器人等各类高科技领域。他们还与各地的科技园合作,使创新成果商业化。与此同时,无论在产品还是商业模式上,中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋,以适应国内外消费市场不断变化和增长的需求。

【答案】InnovationinChinaisboomingatanunprecedentedrate.Inordertocatchupwiththedevelopedcountriesinscienceandtechnologyassoonaspossible,Chinahasgreatlyincreaseditsresearchanddevelopmentfundinrecentyears.Theyarealsoworkingwithscienceandtechnologyparksaroundthecountrytocommercializetheirinnovations.Atthesametime,whetherinproductsorbusinessmodels,Chineseentrepreneursarestrivingtobepioneersininnovationtoadapttotheever-changingandgrowingneedsofdomesticandforeignconsumermarkets.

9.翻译题

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.

TheAmericandefinitionofsuccessislargelyoneofacquiringwealthandahighmaterialstandardofliving.Itisnotsurprising,therefore,thatAmericansvalueeducationforitsmonetaryvalue.ThebeliefiswidespreadintheUnitedStatesthatthemoreschoolingpeoplehave,themoremoneytheywillearnwhentheyleaveschool.

(1)Thebeliefisstrongestregardingthedesirabilityofanundergraduateuniversitydegree,oraprofessionaldegree,suchasmedicineorlaw,followingtheundergraduatedegree.Themonetaryvalueofgraduatedegreesin"nonprofessional"fieldssuchasart,history,orphilosophyisnotasgreat.

InrecentyearstherehasbeenachangeinthejobmarketintheUnitedStates.(2)

Inthepast,itwaspossibletogetahigh-payingfactoryjobwithoutacollegeeducation;workerswithskillslearnedinvocationalschoolsoronthejobcoulddoworkthatdidnotrequireacollegeeducation.Thesewereamongthejobsthatnewimmigrantswereoftenabletoobtain.Increasingly,however,theadventofnewtechnologieshasmeantthatmoreandmoreeducationisrequiredtodothework.(3)

ManyofthenewjobsintheUnitedStateseitherrequireacollegeeducation,evenagraduatedegreeortheyarelow-payingjobsintheservicesectoroftheeconomy_—suchasinfast-foodrestaurants,smallstores,andhotels.Additionally,manyjobsarebeingoutsourcedtocountrieswheresalariesaremuchlower.(4)

Thisistrueofbothhigher-payingtechnicaljobsandlower-payingjobsrequiringlimitedskills.Becauseoftheimportanceofhighereducation,manyadultscombineworkingwithtakingclassesatacollege.Manypublicandprivatecollegesanduniversitiesaremakingiteasierforstudentstotakeclassesthroughdistancelearning,usingtheInternettoprovidematerialsandlecturesaswellastoengagestudentsindiscussion.(5)

Somestudentswhoarelivingoncampusorcommutingtoclassestakeatleastpartoftheircourseworkbydistance,butitisalsopossibleforastudenttoobtainbothundergraduateandgraduatedegreeswithouteverbeingonacollegecampus.

【答案】1.有一种观点强烈地认为大学本科学位或继大学本科学位之后的专业学位(诸如医学和法律)是值得向往的。

2.在过去,没有大学学历的情况下得到一份高薪的工厂工作是可能的;从职业学校或工作上学得技巧的工人们可以做不需要大学学历的工作。

3.在美国很多新工作要么要求大专学历甚至研究生学历,要么它们是经济服务业里(诸如快餐店,小商店和旅馆)的底薪工作。

4.较高薪酬的技术工作和需要有限技能的较低薪资的工作都的确如此。

5.住校或通勤来上课的一些学生通过远程学习来完成至少部分课程,不过一个学生在从不在大学校园的情况下也可能获得本科学位和研究生学位。

10.单选题

Manyyearsago,alotoffactorieswere(

)frombigcitiestothemountainousareasincaseofwar.

问题1选项

A.transferred

B.transformed

C.transmitted

D.transported

【答案】A

【解析】考查形似动词词义辨析。transfer“转移;调任”;transform“改变,使······变形;转换”;transmit“传输;传播”;transport“运输;运送”。句意:很多年前,如果有战争,大量的工厂就会从大城市被转移到山区。选项A符合题意。

11.单选题

Whenyouareinexcellenthealth,deathis(

)unimaginable.

问题1选项

A.nothingbut

B.afterall

C.aboveall

D.allbut

【答案】D

【解析】考查短语搭配。nothingbut“只不过,只有”;afterall“毕竟”;aboveall“总之”;allbut“几乎”。句意:当你身体健康的时候,死亡几乎是不可想象的。

12.单选题

Ofallthewilddogs,noneismorecloselyrelatedtothe()dogthantothewolf.

问题1选项

A.domesticated

B.barking

C.lazy

D.running

【答案】A

【解析】语境判断。根据语境可以推断,填空处应该和wild意思相反,所以选项A最为恰当。句意:对于野狗来说,他们和狼的关系比家犬和狼的关系更为亲密。

13.单选题

ThearomaofchocolateperfumestheairoftheRued’AssasinParis.EnteringChristianConstant'sstate-of-the-artboutique,youfindyourselfinthekingdomofParis'skingofchocolate,wherethehumblecocoabeanisturnedintomouth-wateringchocolateEastereggs.

Constant,whoisachef,admitsthatchocolateishispassionandmaininterestinlife.HefirstdevelopedafascinationwithchocolatewhenhewasworkingforGastonLenotre,afamousFrenchpastrychef.

EveryyearhehasathemefordecoratingEastereggs:thisyearhisdecorationsareinspiredby“ArtNouveau”.Tonighthehasadinnerfor130toorganizeandhehastoprepareathree-foot-highArtNouveau-styleEastereggbynoontomorrow.This,forConstant,isanormalschedule.

Constantbelievesthathischocolatecreationsareasmuchofaworkofartasothersculptures.Itis,therefore,understandablethattherestaurant,whichheopenedlastmonth,issituatedintheNationalMonumentsMuseuminParis.Duringthedaytherestaurantisatearoomandofferschocolateineveryimaginableform.Customerscanchoosefromaselectionofsweetchocolatedessertsortrythemoreexoticspicychocolates.Constantisalsoaprofessional“nose”,workingcloselywiththeFrenchInstituteofTaste.Heiscapableofidentifying450differenttastesandflavors.Constantexplainsthatthemouth,whichcanonlytastefourthings—salt,sweet,acidandbitter—is“stupid”incomparisontothenose.Hebelievesthatthenoseiseverything.

InhisbookTheTasteofChocolate,heexplainshowin1502ChristopherColumbuscameacrossanislandandwentashore.HewasgreetedbyanIndianchiefbearinggiftsamongwhichwerehugesacksofbeanswhichColumbusthoughtwaslocalcurrency.Tohissurprise,theypreparedadrinkforhim.ButColumbus,whodislikedtheoddbittertaste,continuedonhistravelsignorantofthefactthathehadjusttastedcocoa.LikeColumbus,Constanttravelsthecocoacountrieswherehechecksqualityandworkswithlocalexperts.Qualitycanvarydependingontheregion,year,andmethodofpreparation.AccordingtoConstant,VenezuelaandTrinidadhavethebestcocoabeans,whichtheyexportallovertheworldeitherasbeansorascocoa.

Constant,whoisahardworker,onlysleepsthreehoursanight.Hetalkslongintothenightwithmembersofaclubhehasformed.Theclubiscalled“TheChocolateMunchers”.Theirmainofficialactivityistogettogetherformonthlydinnerswheretheyeataverytinydinnerandtonsofchocolatedesserts.

“Iamanaddict,”Constantadmits,“andIdon'twanttobecured!”

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostinclusivetitleforthepassage?

2.WhatdoesConstantdonow?

3.Constant’snewly-openedbusiness().

4.Theunderlinedpart“Constantisalsoa...„nose‟”means().

5.AccordingtoConstant,().

问题1选项

A.Chocolate—ThePassionofaLifetime.

B.TheChocolateMunchersClub.

C.Chocolate—ANewArtForm.

D.TheLastWordinGoodTaste.

问题2选项

A.HeworksforaFrenchpastrychef.

B.Heownshisownrestaurantandtearoom.

C.HeisasculptorforamuseuminParis.

D.HeisachefintheInstituteofTaste.

问题3选项

A.provideschocolateswithvariousflavors

B.exhibitsallofhischocolatesculptures

C.oftenneedstoprepareabigEasterdinner

D.servesasanationalmonumentinParis

问题4选项

A.hebelieveshehasthebestnoseintheworld

B.hisnosecantastesalt,sweet,acidandbitter

C.hisnosecanidentifyvarioustastesandflavors

D.heiscapableofsmellingflavorsfromalongdistance

问题5选项

A.ancientIndiansusedcocoabeansaslocalcurrency

B.Columbuscheckedthequalityofcocoabeansindifferentplaces

C.chocolateaddictionmakespeoplesleepless

D.thequalityofcocoabeansvariesfromregiontoregion

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨题。根据全文,文章主要在描述厨师康斯坦丁和巧克力的故事,讲述了他对热衷于做巧克力,并且写了一本有关于巧克力的书,整篇文章都表现了他对巧克力独特的热爱,选项A符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第四段,“Itis,therefore,understandablethattherestaurant,whichheopenedlastmonth,issituatedintheNationalMonumentsMuseuminParis.Duringthedaytherestaurantisatearoomandofferschocolateineveryimaginableform.”,可知康斯坦丁上个月开了餐厅,白天的时候这家餐厅就成为茶室,提供各式的巧克力。选项B符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段,“Duringthedaytherestaurantisatearoomandofferschocolateineveryimaginableform.Customerscanchoosefromaselectionofsweetchocolatedessertsortrythemoreexoticspicychocolates.”可知,他新开的餐厅的特点,白天是一个茶室,提供各种巧克力,并且可以选择各种口味的巧克力。选项A符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章第四段,“Constantisalsoaprofessional…whichcanonlytastefourthings~salt,sweet,acidandbitter—is“stupid”incomparisontothenose.Hebelievesthatthenoseiseverything.”,可知康斯坦特可以用鼻子分辨出各种不同的气味,他认为嘴只能尝出四种味道。所以这句话是指他的鼻子能分辨不同的味道。选项C符合题意。

5.细节理解题。根据文章第五段,“HewasgreetedbyanIndianchiefbearinggiftsamongwhichwerehugesacksofbeanswhichColumbusthoughtwaslocalcurrency.Tohissurprise,theypreparedadrinkforhim.”,可知Columbus以为可可豆是当地的货币,后来才知道,原来是一种饮料,所以排除A选项。根据文章第五段,“Qualitycanvarydependingontheregion,year,andmethodofpreparation.”,可可的质量因地区、年份和制作方法各异。选项D符合题意。

14.单选题

Manyofthescientistsandengineersarejudged()howgreattheirachievementsare.

问题1选项

A.inspiteof

B.inwaysof

C.infavorof

D.intermsof

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。inspiteof尽管;infavorof有利于,支持;intermsof依据,按照,在…方面。许多科学家和工程师从他们所取得的成就来被评价,只有D项符合题意。

15.单选题

Thegoodnewsmadeheadlinesnationwide:Deathsfromseveralkindsofcancerhavedeclinedsignificantlyinrecentyears.Butthenewshastobebittersweetformanycancerpatientsandtheirfamilies.Everyyear,morethan500,000peopleintheUnitedStatesstilldieofcancer.Infact,morethanhalfofallpatientsdiagnosedwithcancerwilldieoftheirdiseasewithinafewyears.Andwhileitstruesurvivalislongertodaythaninthepast,thequalityoflifeforthesepatientsisoftengreatlydiminished.Cancer—andmanyofthetreatmentsusedtofightit—causespain,nausea,fatigue,andanxietythatroutinelygoundertreatedoruntreated.

Inthenation’ssingle-mindedfocusoncuringcancer,wehaveinadvertentlydevaluedthecriticalneedforpalliativecare,whichfocusesonalleviatingphysicalandpsychologicalsymptomsoverthecourseofthedisease.Nothingwouldhaveagreaterimpactonthedailylivesofcancerpatientsandtheirfamiliesthangoodsymptomcontrolandsupportivetherapy.YettheNationalCancerInstitute(NCI),thefederalgovernment’sleaderincancerresearchandtraining,spentlessthanonepercentofits1999budgetonanyaspectofresearchortraininginpalliativecare.

Thenationneedstogetseriousaboutreducingneedlesssuffering.NCIshouldcommittoandfundresearchaimedatimprovingsymptomcontrolandpalliativecare.NCIalsocoulddesignate“centersofexcellence”amongthecancercentersitrecognizes.Togetthatdesignation,centerswoulddeliverinnovative,top-qualitypalliativecaretoallsegmentsofthepopulationsthecentersserve;trainprofessionalsinmedicine,nursing,psychology,socialwork,andotherdisciplinestoprovidepalliativecare;andconductresearch.

Insurancecoverageforpalliativeandhospicecarealsocontributestotheproblembyforcingpeopletochoosebetweentreatmentorhospicecare.This“either/or”approachdoesnotreadilyallowthesetwotypesofessentialcaretobeintegrated.TheMedicarehospicebenefitisdesignedspecificallyforpeopleinthefinalstagesofillnessandallowsenrollmentonlyifpatientsareexpectedtosurvivesixmonthsorless.Thebenefitexcludespatientsfromseekingbothpalliativecareandpotentiallylife-extendingtreatment.

Thatmakeshospiceenrollmentanobviousdeterrentformanypatients.Andhospices,whichmayhavethemostskilledpractitionersandthemostexperienceinadministeringpalliativecare,cannotoffertheirservicestopeoplewhocouldreallybenefitbutstillarepursuingactivetreatment.

Itisinnatelyhumantocomfortandprovidecaretothosesufferingfromcancer,particularlythoseclosetodeath.Yetwhatseemsself-evidentatanindividual,personallevelhasnotguidedpolicyatthelevelofinstitutionsinthiscountry.Deathisinevitable,butseveresufferingisnot.Toofferhopeforalonglifeofthehighestpossiblequalityandtodeliverthebestqualitycancercarefromdiagnosestodeath,ourpublicinstitutionsneedtomovetowardpoliciesthatvalueandpromotepalliativecare.

16.Palliativecareisconcernedwithimprovingpatients’________.

17.Accordingtotheauthor,researchonpalliativecare________.

18.Themainproblemofinsurancecoverageforhospicecareandactivetreatmentisthat________.

19.Hospicesoffercancerpatients________.

20.Thistextismainlyabout________.

问题1选项

A.survivalrates

B.qualityoflife

C.lifespans

D.optionsforhealthinsuranceproviders

问题2选项

A.ismoreimportantthanresearchforcancercures

B.hasbeenoverlookedbyresearchers

C.isvirtuallynon-existent

D.isregardedbyresearchersasafrivoloustopic

问题3选项

A.itdoesnotallowpatientstoseekboth

B.itonlycoverspatientswhoselifeexpectancyislessthansixmonths

C.itdeprivespatientsoftherighttochoosebetweentwoproventreatmentmethods

D.hospicecareisonlycoveredwhenitmayextendapatient’slifeexpectancy

问题4选项

A.analternativetopalliativecare

B.comfortintheirearlystagesofillness

C.skilledandexperiencedpalliativecare

D.analternativetoactivetreatment

问题5选项

A.improvingcancerresearchintheU.S

B.reforminginsurancecoverageforcancerpatients

C.understandingdifferentoptionsforcancertreatmentandcare

D.reducingthesufferingofcancerpatients

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】16.事实细节题。根据第二段第一句palliativecare,whichfocusesonalleviatingphysicalandpsychologicalsymptomsoverthecourseofthedisease.(姑息治疗的重点是在疾病过程中减轻身体和心理症状。)和第二句Nothingwouldhaveagreaterimpactonthedailylivesofcancerpatientsandtheirfamiliesthangoodsymptomcontrolandsupportivetherapy.(没有什么比平稳控制症状和支持性治疗对癌症患者及其家人的日常生活影响更大的了。),可知姑息治疗对日常生活影响最大,所以B选项“生活质量”正确。A选项“存活率”,C选项“寿命”和D选项“健康保险公司的选择”不是姑息治疗的重点,故错误。因此B选项正确。

17.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Inthenation’ssingle-mindedfocusoncuringcancer,wehaveinadvertentlydevaluedthecriticalneedforpalliativecare(在我国一心一意致力于治愈癌症的同时,我们无意中低估了对姑息治疗的迫切需要)和第三段第一句Thenationneedstogetseriousaboutreducingneedlesssuffering.(国家需要认真对待减少不必要的痛苦。),可知在作者看来,姑息治疗应该更加被重视,所以B选项“被研究者忽视了”正确,没有说姑息治疗比治疗癌症本身更重要,故A选项“比癌症治疗的研究更重要”错误。C选项“几乎不存在”:根据第二段最后一句YettheNationalCancerInstitute(NCI)…spentlessthanonepercentofits1999budgetonanyaspectofresearchortraininginpalliativecare.(然而,作为联邦政府在癌症研究和培训方面的领导机构,国家癌症研究所在姑息治疗的任何方面的研究或培训上的支出不到其1999年预算的1%。),可知有这方面的研究,只是很少,故错误。D选项“研究者认为这个主题很无聊”:文章没有提及,故错误。因此B选项正确。

18.事实细节题。根据第四段第一句Insurancecoverageforpalliativeandhospicecarealsocontributestotheproblembyforcingpeopletochoosebetweentreatmentorhospicecare.(姑息治疗和临终关怀的保险范围也导致了这个问题,因为它迫使人们在治疗和临终关怀之间做出选择。),可知医疗保险让人只能在姑息治疗和临终关怀选择其一,所以A选项“不允许病人同时寻求两者”正确,但还是可以选择,故C选项“剥夺了患者在两种已被证实的治疗方法之间选择的权利”错误。B选项“只覆盖预期寿命少于6个月的患者”和D选项“只有当临终关怀可以延长病人的预期寿命时,它才包括在内”:根据第四段第三、四句TheMedicarehospicebenefitisdesignedspecificallyforpeopleinthefinalstagesofillnessandallowsenrollmentonlyifpatientsareexpectedtosurvivesixmonthsorless.Thebenefitexcludespatientsfromseekingbothpalliativecareandpotentiallylife-extendingtreatment.(医疗保险临终关怀福利是专门为处于疾病最后阶段的人设计的,只有在患者预计存活时间为6个月或更短的情况下才允许登记。这种好处使患者既不寻求姑息治疗,也不寻求可能延长生命的治疗。),这里说的是临终关怀的使用情况,即患者预计存活时间为6个月或更短的时候采用临终关怀,这时不以延长寿命为目的,故错误。因此A选项正确。

19.事实细节题。根据第五段第二句Andhospices,whichmayhavethemostskilledpractitionersandthemostexperienceinadministeringpalliativecare(临终关怀院或许有对临终关怀最有经验的医生和姑息治疗经验),可知临终关怀院提供给患者C选项“熟练和经验丰富的姑息治疗”,所以C选项正确。B选项“疾病早期阶段的舒适”:根据第四段第三句TheMedicarehospicebenefitisdesignedspecificallyforpeopleinthefinalstagesofillness(医疗保险临终关怀福利是专门为处于疾病最后阶段的人设计的),可知临终关怀不针对疾病早期,故错误。A选项“姑息治疗的替代方案”,和D选项“积极治疗的替代方案”:文章没有提到,故错误。因此C选项正确。

20.主旨大意题。文章第一段引入治疗癌症的副作用没有得到充分治疗,第二、三段呼吁国家对此采取措施,第四、五段提到临终关怀对减轻患者痛苦的保险情况,最后一段总结全文强调推动姑息治疗,全文都在围绕减轻患者痛苦的医疗方法,所以D选项“减少癌症患者的痛苦”正确。A选项“改善美国的癌症研究”,B选项“改革癌症患者的保险范围”和C选项“了解癌症治疗和护理的不同选择”是文章的部分内容,不足以概括全文,故错误。因此D选项正确。

16.不定项选择题

Britainmaynothaveproducedadownhillskiingchampion,butthereis(1)areaofthesportinwhichitisaleader:dry-skiing.Asa(2)ofthis,moreman-madeskislopesarefoundherethanintherestoftheworld.Thefirstdryslopewas(3)inLondonthirty-fiveyearsago.NowthereareahundredandfiftyslopesinBritainstartingfromthe(4)sizeof30metrestooneof471metresjustoutsideEdinburgh.Thebiggercentres(5)likegolf(6)squashclubsbecausetheyoffertheirmembersafull(7)ofwell-organisedfacilities.

Manypeoplewantto(8)thedry-skicentresbecausetheyareclosetothecities.Forthosewhohavenever(9)before,theycan(10)doubtsavealotoftimeandmoneybygoingtooneofthecentresforbeginners.Instructorswillgo(11)theequipmentandteachthe(12)skillsofskiing.Forthosethatcanski,itisa(n)(13)goodwayofkeepingfitandpracticingnewtechniques.Formany(14)skiersithas(15)apartoftheirentertainment.

问题1选项

A.yet

B.still

C.then

D.already

问题2选项

A.development

B.conclusion

C.proof

D.result

问题3选项

A.built

B.prepared

C.formed

D.created

问题4选项

A.biggest

B.longest

C.smallest

D.widest

问题5选项

A.perform

B.instruct

C.operate

D.conduct

问题6选项

A.otherwise

B.besides

C.either

D.or

问题7选项

A.range

B.row

C.variety

D.area

问题8选项

A.do

B.use

C.go

D.find

问题9选项

A.skied

B.skated

C.climbed

D.hiked

问题10选项

A.with

B.in

C.without

D.of

问题11选项

A.to

B.under

C.round

D.over

问题12选项

A.thorough

B.minimum

C.true

D.basic

问题13选项

A.rarely

B.really

C.excellent

D.seldom

问题14选项

A.regular

B.reliable

C.continuous

D.continual

问题15选项

A.made

B.become

C.developed

D.achieved

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

第6题:D

第7题:A

第8题:C

第9题:A

第10题:C

第11题:D

第12题:D

第13题:A

第14题:A

第15题:B

【解析】1.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查副词辨析。A选项yet“但是”;B选项still“仍然”;C选项then“那么”;D选项already“已经”。句意:但在另一个领域,英国仍是领先者。因此B选项符合题意。

2.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项development“发展”;B选项conclusion“结论”;C选项proof“证明”;D选项result“结果”。句意:因此,这里的人造滑雪坡道比世界其他地方都多。asaresultof是固定搭配,表示“作为……的结果”。因此D选项符合题意。

3.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项built“建造”;B选项prepared“准备”;C选项formed“形成”;D选项created“创造”。句意:第一个人工滑雪场是35年前在伦敦修建的。因此A选项符合题意。

4.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项biggest“最大的”;B选项longest“最长的”;C选项smallest“最小的”;D选项widest“最宽的”。句意:从最小的30米到爱丁堡外的471米。因此C选项符合题意。

5.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项perform“表演”;B选项instruct“指导”;C选项operate“运转”;D选项conduct“实施”。句意:更大的中心像高尔夫或壁球俱乐部一样运作。因此C选项符合题意。

6.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查连词辨析。A选项otherwise“否则”;B选项besides“此外”;C选项either“而且”;D选项or“或者”。句意:更大的中心像高尔夫或壁球俱乐部一样运作。因此D选项符合题意。

7.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项range“范围”;B选项row“行,排”;C选项variety“多样”;D选项area“区域”。句意:因为它们为会员提供全套组织良好的设施。afullrangeof是固定搭配,表示“全方位的,全系列的”。因此A选项符合题意。

8.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项do“做”;B选项use“使用”;C选项go“去”;D选项find“找到”。句意:许多人想去人工滑雪场中心。因此C选项符合题意。

9.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项skied“滑雪”;B选项skated“滑冰”;C选项climbed“攀登”;D选项hiked“远足”。句意:对于那些从来没有滑过雪的人来说。因此A选项符合题意。

10.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查介词辨析。A选项with“和……一起”;B选项in“在……中”;C选项without“没有”;D选项of“属于”。句意:去一个初学者中心无疑可以节省很多时间和金钱。因此C选项符合题意。

11.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查词组辨析。A选项goto“转到”;B选项gounder“沉没”;C选项goround“到处走动”;D选项goover“检查”。句意:教练将检查设备并教授滑雪技巧。因此D选项符合题意。

12.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项thorough“彻底的”;B选项minimum“最小的”;C选项true“真实的”;D选项basic“基本的”。句意:教练将检查设备并教授基本滑雪技巧。因此D选项符合题意。

13.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查副词辨析。A选项rarely“很少地”;B选项really“真正地”;C选项excellent“卓越的”;D选项seldom“很少”,表示频率。句意:对于那些会滑雪的人来说,这不是一种保持身体健康和练习新技术的好方法。因此A选项符合题意。

14.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项regular“经常的”;B选项reliable“可靠的”;C选项continuous“连续的”;D选项continual“持续不断的”。句意:对于许多经常滑雪的人来说。因此A选项符合题意。

15.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项made“制造”;B选项become“成为”;C选项developed“发展”;D选项achieved“达到”。句意:这已经成为他们娱乐的一部分。因此B选项符合题意。

17.翻译题

现在大学生的学习压力相当重。除了大四,他们开始找工作了,其余的学生总是忙.于学习,而不愿参加团体和俱乐部,不愿参加体育锻炼和其他课外活动,不愿与他们的朋友玩玩,不愿关心和学习没有关系的事情。总之,他们就像一个机器人。压力大,时间少,功课多。看到同寝室里的人都上图书馆去学习,到深夜闭馆才回,而自己却去看电影,他们就会有一种内疚感。一想到白天什么事都不干,就感到不安,会整夜因此睡不着觉。他们学习太紧张,几乎没有吋间好好品尝生活,干些其他事,成为一个全而发展的人。

【答案】Nowadays,collegestudents'learningpressureisquiteheavy.Inadditiontothesenioryear,theystartlookingforajob.Therestofthemarealwaysbusy,ratherthantakepartinthecampusgroupsandclubs.Theydonotenjoytakingpartinphysicalexerciseandotherextracurricularactivities,orplayingwiththeirfriends,orcaringaboutandlearningthingsthathavenorelationshipwithstudy.Allinall,theyarelikerobotswithhugestress,lessleisuretimeandpilesofworks.Theywouldfeelguiltwhentheyseeeveryoneinthedormitorygoestothelibrarytostudyandcomebackuntilitcloseslateintothenightwhiletheygotothemovies.Thethoughtofdoingnothingduringthedaymakesthemupsetandbringsawhitenight.Theystudysohardthattheyhardlyhavetheluxurytimeoftastinglifeanddoingotherthingstobecomefullydeveloped

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