考研考博-英语-山西传媒学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山西传媒学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Feelingmoreandmore______,Nikiembracedthevibrantandstrong-wingedbutterflyashersymbolofnew-foundindependence.

问题1选项

A.cynical

B.abridged

C.accessible

D.autonomous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项cynical“愤世嫉俗的，冷嘲的”，B项abridged“删节的，削减的”，C项accessible“易接近的，可进入的”，D项autonomous“自治的，自主的”。由independence（独立）可知，对应D项符合。句意：感觉越来越自主，尼基接受了充满活力和有强壮翅膀的蝴蝶作为她新获得的独立的象征。因此，该题选择D项。

2.单选题

Thefinancialproblemofthiscompanyisfurther（）bytheriseininterestrates.

问题1选项

A.increased

B.strengthened

C.reinforced

D.aggravated

【答案】D

【解析】increase增加；strengthen加强；reinforce増强，加固；aggravate恶化，加剧。句意：利率的上升使这家公司的财务问题进一步恶化。选项D符合句意。

3.单选题

Asanimportantpartofpolicestrategy,rapidpoliceresponseisseenbypoliceofficersandthepublic（

）asofferingtremendousbenefits.

问题1选项

A.similarly

B.thesame

C.alike

D.likewise

【答案】C

【解析】考查近义词。四个选项均有“相似地，相同地”意思，根据句意“警察和民众都认为警察快速反应机制将会带来巨大利益”，在句中，as与seen搭配，表示“被看作”的意思，因此空格处应该填入形容词，其中A与D为副词，不符合题意。Asthesame虽然可以搭配，但是不符合句子结构，所以选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

Thesurvival（）ofsomewildanimalsisnotveryhighastheyareruthlesslyhuntedfortheirskins.

问题1选项

A.ratio

B.rate

C.scale

D.standard

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项ratio“比例，比率”；B选项rate“进度，速度”，A项指的是两个量的比值，强调相比、相除的关系，B项指的是比率，速度，率等，如“taxrate税率”、“crimerate犯罪率”；这个句子中的生存率指的是“野生动物的存活数量和死亡的野生动物数量之比”，是两个数量之比，所以A项更符合。句意：一些野生动物的存活率不是很高，因为它们被残酷地猎杀以获取皮毛。；C选项scale“规模”；D选项standard“标准，水准”。因此A选项符合题意。

5.单选题

Wehadbeenwantingtoexpandourchildren’shorizonsbytakingthemtoaplacethatwasunlikeanythingwe'dbeenexposedtoduringourtravelsinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.InthinkingaboutwhatwaspossiblefromGenevawherewearebased,wedecidedonatriptoIstanbul,atwo-hourplaneridefromZurich.

Weenvisionedthetripasapreludetomoreexoticones,perhapstoNewDelhiorBangkoklaterthisyear,butthoughtour11-and13-year-oldsneededafirststepawayfrommanicuredboulevardsandpristinemonuments

Whatwedidn’tforeseewasthereactionoffriends,whowarnedthatwewereputtingourchildren“indanger”referringvaguely,andmostincorrectly,todisease,terrorismorjusttheunknown.TohelpusgetacquaintedwiththepeculiaritiesofIstanbulandtogiveourchildrenachancetochoosewhattheywereparticularlyinterestedinseeing,weboughtanexcellentguidebookandreaditthoroughlybeforeleaving.Friendlywarningsdidn’tchangeourplanning,althoughwemighthavemoreprudentlycheckedwiththeU.S.StateDepartment’slistoftroublespots.Wedidn'tseealotofchildrenamongtheforeignvisitorsduringoursix-daystayinIstanbul,butwefoundthetouristareasquitesafe,veryinterestingandvariedenougheventosuitourson,whoseoft-repeatedrequestisthatwenotsee’’everysingle"churchandmuseuminagivencity.

Vaccinationsweren'tneededforthecity,butwewereconcernedaboutadaptingtothewaterforashortstay.Soweusedbottledwaterfordrinkingandbrushingourteeth,aprecautionthatmayseemexcessive,butweallstayedhealthy.Takingtheadviceofafriend,webookedahotela20-minutewalkfrommostofIstanbul’smajortouristsites.Thisnotonlygotussomemorningexercise,strollingovertheKarakoyBridge,buttookuspastacolorfulassortmentoffishermen,vendorsandshoeshiners.Fromateenagerandpre-teen'sview,Istanbulstreetlifeisfascinatingsincealmosteverythingcanbeboughtoutdoors.TheywereatagoodagetospendtimewanderingthelabyrinthoftheSpiceBazaar,whereshopsdisplaymoundsofpungentherbsinsacks.Doingthiswithyoungerchildrenwouldbehardersimplybecausethestreetsaresopackedwithpeople;itwouldbeeasytogetlost.

Forourtwo,whosebuyingexperienceconsistedofdepartmentstoresandshoppingmallboutiques,itwasamazingtodiscoverthatyoucouldbargainoverpriceandperhapsendupwithtwoofsomethingforthepriceofone.TheyalsolearnedtofigureouttherelativevalueoftheTurkishlira,notasmallmatterwithitsmanyzeros.

BeingexposedtoIslamwasanimportantpartofourtrip.Visitingthemosques,especiallytheenormousBlueMosque,wasourfirstglimpseintohowthismajorreligionispracticed.Ourchildren’scuriosityalreadyhadbeenpiquedbythefivedailycallstoprayeroverloudspeakersineverycomerofthecity,andthescarvescoveringtheheadsofmanywomen.Navigatingmealscanbetroublesomewithchildren,butakebab,boughtonthestreetorinrestaurants,wasunfailinglypopular.Sincewehaddecidedthistripwasnotforgourmets,kebabssparedustheagonyoftryingtofindarestauranteachdaythatwouldsuittheadults'desiretotrysomethingnewamidchildren’sinsistencethatthefoodbeservedimmediately.Gradually,webranchedouttotrysomeotherTurkishspecialties.AlthoughoursonhadstudiedIslambriefly,itisimpossibletobepreparedforeveryawkwardquestionthatmightcomeup,suchasduringourvisitstotheTopkapiSarayi,theOttomanSultans'palace.Noguideswereavailablesoitwasdo-it-yourself,usingourguidebook,whichcheatedusofalotofinterestinghistoryandanecdotesthataprofessionalguidecouldprovide.Nexttime,weresolvedtomakesucharrangementsinadvance.

Onthistrip,wewanderedthroughthemagnificentcomplex,withitsimperialtreasures,itscourtyardsanditsharem.Thelastrequiredabitofexplanationthatwewouldhavehappilylefttoalearnedthirdparty.

1.ThefamilyhaveseenorvisitedallthefollowinginIstanbulEXCEPT（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

3.Welearnfromthecouple'sshoppingexperiencebackhomethat（

）.

4.ThecouplechoseIstanbulastheirholidaydestinationmainlybecause（

）.

5.ThelasttwoparagraphssuggestthattovisitplacesofinterestinIstanbul,（

）.

问题1选项

A.religiousprayers

B.historicalbuildings

C.local-stylemarkets

D.shoppingmallboutiques

问题2选项

A.Thefamilyfoundthecitywasexactlywhattheyhadexpected

B.Theirfriendswereopposedtotheirholidayplan

C.Theycouldhavebeenmorecautiousaboutbringingkidsalong

D.Theywereabitcautiousaboutthequalityofwaterinthecity

问题3选项

A.theywereusedtobargainingoverprice

B.theypreferredtobuythingsoutdoors

C.streetmarketsweretheirfavorite

D.theypreferredfashionandbrandnames

问题4选项

A.thecityisnottoofarawayfromwheretheylived

B.thecityisnotonthelistoftheU.S.StateDepartment

C.thecityisbetweenthefamiliarandtheexotic

D.thecityismorefamiliarthanexotic

问题5选项

A.guidebooksareveryuseful

B.aprofessionalguideisamust

C.onehastobepreparedforquestions

D.onehastomakearrangementsinadvance

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节题。第五段指出：Forourtwo,whosebuyingexperienceconsistedofdepartmentstoresandshoppingmallboutiques：对于我们两人来说，我们购物经历就是商场和大型购物中心的精品店(国内购物的去处)。故选D。

2.细节题。第三段指出：...whowarnedthatwewereputtingourchildren“indanger”referringvaguely,andmostincorrectly：警告我们正把孩子置于危险之地，这不明智。由此得出B:朋友反对他们的旅行计划，是正确的。...wemighthavemoreprudentlycheckedwiththeU.S.StateDepartment’slistoftroublespots：我们会更谨慎地核实国务院所列举的不安全地区的名册。由此得出C:单独带孩子时他们会更加谨慎，是正确的。第四段：Soweusedbottledwaterfordrinkingandbrushingourteeth...:我们用矿泉水刷牙，用矿泉水作为饮用水。由此得出D:他们对该城市的饮用水质量十分小心，是正确的。故A项:这个家庭发现这个城市与他们所想象的一致,不正确。

3.推断题。第五段指出：Forourtwo,whosebuyingexperienceconsistedofdepartmentstoresandshoppingmallboutiques,itwasamazingtodiscoverthatyoucouldbargainoverpriceandperhapsendupwithtwoofsomethingforthepriceofone.对于我们两人来说，我们购物经历就是商场和大型购物中心的精品店。你会惊奇地发现你可以砍价，或许最后可以买一送一的优惠。因此推断D项(他们喜欢时尚与品牌)正确。

4.细节题。第二段：Weenvisionedthetripasapreludetomoreexoticones：我们把此次旅行视为奇妙之旅的前奏。因此推断C项(城市兼具熟悉感与充满异域风情)正确。

5.推断题。第六段指出：Noguideswereavailablesoitwasdo-it-yourself,usingourguidebook,whichcheatedusofalotofinterestinghistoryandanecdotesthataprofessionalguidecouldprovide(没有指南，只能依靠我们自己。使用的旅行指导，让我们有种受骗的感觉。因为上面所列举的趣味历史和奇闻轶事，专业导游能讲述)。因此推断B项有专业导游很有必要,是正确的。

6.翻译题

Doyouseetheglassashalffullratherthanhalfempty?Doyoukeepyoureyeuponthedoughnut,notuponthehollow?Suddenlytheseclichésarescientificquestions,asresearchersscrutinizethepowerofpositivethinking.

Afast-growingbodyofresearchisprovingthatoptimismcanhelpyoutobehappier,healthierandmoresuccessful;pessimismleads,bycontrast,tohopelessness,sicknessandfailure,andislinkedtodepression,lonelinessandpainfulshyness.“Ifyoucouldteachpeopletothinkmorepositively,”sayspsychologistCraig,“itwouldbelikeinoculatingthemagainstthesementalills.”

Yourabilitiescount,butthebeliefthatyoucansucceedaffectswhetherornotyouwill.Inpart,that’sbecauseoptimistsandpessimistsdealwiththesamechallengesanddisappointmentsinverydifferentways.

Take,forexample,yourjob.Inamajorstudy,psychologistSeligmanandhiscolleaguesurveyedsalesrepresentativesataLifeInsuranceCompany.Theyfoundthatthepositivethinkersamonglongtimerepresentativessold37percentmoreinsurancethandidthenegativethinkers.Ofnewlyhiredrepresentatives,optimistssold20percentmore.Howdidtheydoit?Thesecrettoanoptimist’ssuccessisinhis“explanatorystyle.”Whenthingsgowrong,thepessimisttendstoblamehimself,whiletheoptimistlooksforloopholes.Whenthingsgoright,theoptimisttakescreditwhilethepessimistseessuccessasafluke.

Negativeorpositive,itwasaself-fulfillingprophecy.“Ifpeoplefeelhopeless,theydon’tbothertoacquiretheskillstheyneedtosucceed,”saysCraig.

Asenseofcontrolisthelitmustestforsuccess.Theoptimistfeelsincontrolofhisownlife.Thepessimistfeelslikefate’splaythingandmovesslowly.Hedoesn’tseeadvice,sinceheassumesnothingcanbedone.Optimistsmaythinktheyarebetterthanthefactswouldjustifyandsometimesthat’swhatkeepsthemalive.Dr.SandraLeveyofPittsburgCancerInstitutestudiedwomenwithadvancedbreastcancer.Forthewomenwhoweregenerallyoptimistic,therewasalongerdisease-freeinterval,thebestpredictorofsurvival.Inapilotstudyofwomenintheearlystagesofbreastcancer,Dr.Leveyfoundthediseaserecurredsooneramongthepessimists.

【答案】【参考译文】你看到的玻璃杯是半满的还是半空的？你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈还是中间的那个洞？当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的力量时，这些陈词滥调突然间都成了科学问题。

迅速增多的大量研究工作证明乐观的态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。与此相反，悲观则导致无望、疾病以及失败，它与沮丧、孤独、令人苦恼的腼腆密切相关。心理学家克雷格说：“如果你能够教会人们更积极地思考，那就如同为他们注射了预防这些心理疾病的疫苗。”

你的能力固然重要，但你能成功的信念影响到你是否真能成功。在某种程度上，这是由于乐观者和悲观者以截然不同的方式对待同样的挑战和失望。

以你的工作为例。心理学家塞利格曼和他的同事对一家人寿保险公司的推销员进行了广泛调查。他们发现，在工龄较长的推销员中，积极思考者比消极思考者要多推销37%的保险额。在新雇佣的推销员中，乐观主义者则多销了20%。他们是如何做的呢？乐观主义者成功的秘诀就在于他的“归因方式”。出了问题之后，悲观主义者倾向于自责，乐观主义者则寻找漏洞。当一切顺利时，乐观主义者看成是自己的功劳，而悲观主义者只把成功视为侥幸。

无论是消极还是积极，都是一种本身会成为事实的预言。克雷格说：“如果人们感到没有希望，他们就不会费事去获得成功所需的技能。”

控制感是成功的试金石。乐观者能够掌握自己的命运。悲观者则感到自己只能任由命运摆布，行动拖拉。既然认为毫无办法，他便不去寻求指点。乐观主义者也许认为自己比事实能够证明的要强——有时正是这一点使他们充满生机。匹兹堡肿瘤研究所的桑德拉•利维博士对患晚期乳腺癌的妇女进行了研究。对那些通常持乐观态度的妇女来说，两次发病间隔的时间较长，而这是生存下去的最好预兆。在一次对早期乳腺癌妇女的小规模试验性研究中，利维博士发现这一疾病在悲观主义者身上复发更早。

7.单选题

Themorningnewssaysaschoolbus（

）withatrainatthejunctionandagroupofpolicemenweresentthereimmediately.

问题1选项

A.crashed

B.collided

C.bumped

D.struck

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。crash“坠毁、撞坏”；collide“碰撞、抵触、冲突”，常与with搭配；bump“碰撞、撞击”，常与into连用；strike“打击、罢工、猛击”。句意：据新闻报道，一辆校车在交叉路口与一列火车相撞，警察立即抵达事故现场。B项能与with搭配，故答案B

8.单选题

Hetoldusalotofjokesandhadus______allthroughthemeal.

问题1选项

A.laughing

B.laugh

C.laughed

D.tolaugh

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他给我们讲了好多笑话，让我们在吃饭的时候笑个不停。A选项havesb./sth.doing“让某人做某事，让某情况发生”，含有动作正在进行之意，haduslaughing“让我们笑”；B选项havesb.do“请/派别人完成某事；经历某种不幸”；C选项havesth.done“请/派别人完成某事；完成某事（可能参与）；遭受某种不幸”；D选项havesth.todo“有某事要完成”。这里指的是笑话让我们一直笑，有强调状态的含义，A选项laughing符合题意。因此A选项正确。

9.单选题

Thepoorsufferedthemostinthecalamity,andtheyarenowexperiencingthebrutalizingeffectsofwhattheactivistjournalistNaomiKleinhasrightlytermed“disastercapitalism”,asforeigncorporationsseektoprofitfromthereconstructionwhiletheresidentsofthefishingvillagesthatformerlyoccupiedthearea（

）.

问题1选项

A.arebeingforcedtorelocate

B.isbeingforcedtorelocate

C.arebeingforcedtoberelocated

D.areforcedtoberelocated

【答案】A

【解析】考查时态和语态。While引导一个完整的句子，主语resident是复数，因此排除B选项。relocate“重新安置；迁移”，本句表明“居民被迫迁往他处”，因此relocate无须使用被动语态，排除C和D。主句使用现在进行时态，因此从句也表示现在正在发生的动作或状态，使用现在进行时。A选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Dieselenginesprovideexcellentmileage,buttheyarerelativelynoisyandtheiraccelerationissluggish.

问题1选项

A.uneven

B.loud

C.slow

D.hard

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。sluggish表示“萧条的，迟钝的”；A项uneven“不均匀的，不平坦的”，B项loud“大声的，喧闹的”，C项slow“慢的，减速的”，D项hard“努力的，硬的”。句意：柴油发动机提供优良的里程，但它们相对嘈杂，加速缓慢。根据句意可知，sluggish在句子中表示“缓慢的”，四个选项中只有slow符合。故该题选择C项正确。

11.单选题

Ifthesalinityofoceanwatersisanalyzed,itisfoundtovaryonlyslightlyfromplacetoplace.Nevertheless,someofthesesmallchangesareimportant.Therearethreebasicprocessesthatcauseachangeinoceanicsalinity.Oneoftheseisthesubtractionofwaterfromtheoceanbymeansofevaporation-conversionofliquidwatertowatervapor.Inthismanner,thesalinityisincreased,sincethesaltsstaybehind.Ifthisiscarriedtotheextreme,ofcourse,whitecrystalsofsaltwouldbeleftbehind:this,bytheway,ishowmuchofthetablesaltweuseisactuallyobtained.

Theoppositeofevaporationisprecipitation,suchasrain,bywhichwaterisaddedtotheocean.Heretheoceanisbeingdilutedsothatthesalinityisdecreased.Thismayoccurinareasofhighrainfallorincoastalregionswhereriversflowintotheocean.Thussalinitymaybeincreasedbythesubtractionofwaterbyevaporationordecreasedbytheadditionoffreshwaterbyprecipitationorrunoff.

Normally,intropicalregionswherethesunisverystrong,theoceansalinityissomewhathigherthanitisinotherpartsoftheworldwherethereisnotasmuchevaporation.Similarly,incoastalregionswhereriversdilutethesea,salinityissomewhatlowerthaninotheroceanicareas.

Athirdprocessbywhichsalinitymaybealteredisassociatedwiththeformationandmeltingofseaice.Whenseawaterisfrozen,thedissolvedmaterialsareleftbehind.Inthismanner,seawaterdirectlybeneathfreshlyformedseaicehasahighersalinitythanitdidbeforetheiceappeared.Ofcourse,whenthisicemeltsitwilltendtodecreasethesalinityofthesurroundingwater.

IntheWeddellSea,offAntarctica,thedensestwaterintheoceansisformedasaresultofthisfreezingprocess,whichincreasesthesalinityofcoldwater.Thisheavywatersinksandisfoundinthedeepestportionsoftheoceansoftheworld.

13.Whatdoesthispassagemainlydiscuss?

14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaftertheformationofoceanice?

15.WhydoestheauthormentiontheWeddellSeainthelastparagraph?

16.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewaternearthebottomofoceanswithices?

问题1选项

A.Thechangeinoceanicsalinity

B.Theprocessesofseawater

C.Theformationofourtablesalt

D.Theconversionofseawater

问题2选项

A.Thesaltisstillinthewater.

B.Theheavywatersinks.

C.Thewaterbecomesdenser.

D.Watersalinitydecreases.

问题3选项

A.Tosuggestthatithassalinityvariation.

B.TocompareAntarcticwaterswithArcticwaters.

C.Toindicatethelocationofdeepwaters.

D.Togiveanexampleofcold-watersalinity.

问题4选项

A.Itmovesveryquickly.

B.Itisrelativelywarm.

C.Itssalinityisrelativelyhigh.

D.Itisrelativelycold.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】13.主旨大意题。文章的第一句Ifthesalinityofoceanwatersisanalyzed,itisfoundtovaryonlyslightlyfromplacetoplace.（如果对海水的盐度进行分析，就会发现各地的盐度差别很小。）但是有些小的变化是重要的，最后再说明了导致海洋的盐度变化的基本过程有三个：蒸发、降水和冰。文章一直围绕着盐度变化进行阐述。因此A选项“海洋盐度的变化”正确，符合题意。B选项“海水的过程”，C选项“我们食盐的形成”，D选项“海水的转化”均与题意不符，可排除。故选A。

14.推理判断题。定位在倒数第二段Whenseawaterisfrozen,thedissolvedmaterialsareleftbehind.Inthismanner,seawaterdirectlybeneathfreshlyformedseaicehasahighersalinitythanitdidbeforetheiceappeared.（海水冻结时，溶于其中的物质被留了下来。这样，在新形成的海洋冰正下方的海水会比在冰块形成之前有更高的盐度。）由此可知海洋冰形成后附近水域的盐度会上升，而不是下降，因此D选项“盐度降低”错误。同理可知A选项“盐还在水里”，C选项“水变得更浓了”正确。B选项“重水下沉”定位在最后一段IntheWeddellSea,offAntarctica,thedensestwaterintheoceansisformedasaresultofthisfreezingprocess,whichincreasesthesalinityofcoldwater.（在南极洲附近的威德尔海，海洋中最稠密的水是由于这种冻结过程而形成的，这种冻结过程增加了冷水的盐度。）可知Thisheavywatersinks这种重水下沉也与海洋冰的形成有关。故选D。

15.推理判断题。定位在最后一段IntheWeddellSea,offAntarctica,thedensestwaterintheoceansisformedasaresultofthisfreezingprocess,whichincreasesthesalinityofcoldwater.Thisheavywatersinksandisfoundinthedeepestportionsoftheoceansoftheworld.（在南极洲附近的威德尔海，海洋中浓度最高的水是由于这种冻结过程而形成的，这种冻结过程增加了冷水的盐度。这种重水下沉，在世界海洋最深的部分被发现。）还是在对第三种导致海洋的盐度变化的过程海洋冰的举例，因此答案选D选项“举冷水盐度的例子”正确，符合题意。A选项“表明它有盐度变化”，与题意不符，可排除。B选项“把南极水域和北极水域进行比较”属于无中生有，可排除。C选项“指示深水的位置”偷换主语，非深水而是重水下沉。可排除。故选D。

16.推理判断题。根据原文Inthismanner,seawaterdirectlybeneathfreshlyformedseaicehasahighersalinitythanitdidbeforetheiceappeared.（这样，在新形成的海洋冰正下方的海水会比在冰块形成之前有更高的盐度。）和thedensestwaterintheoceansisformedasaresultofthisfreezingprocess,whichincreasesthesalinityofcoldwater.（由于这种冻结过程，海洋中最密集的水形成，增加了冷水的盐度）由此可推理出在海洋冰底下的海水浓度会更高。因此C选项“它的盐度相对较高”正确，符合题意。A选项“它移动得很快”，B选项“海水会相对暖和”，D选项“海水相当冷”，均未涉及，不符合题意，可排除。故选C。

12.单选题

Itwasduringthe1920’sthatthefriendshipbetweenthetwoAmericanwritersHemingwayandFitzgeraldreached（）highestpoint.

问题1选项

A.theirs

B.their

C.his

D.its

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知，原文句子为强调句。从句主语为thefriendship，因此后文空缺处所缺形容词性物主代词应选择its。故本题正确答案为D选项。

13.单选题

Shesaidgoodnightasecondtimeandrandownstairsagainto______allherpreparationsforthemorrow.

问题1选项

A.turnon

B.accountfor

C.wrestlewith

D.letdown

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项turnon“打开，发动，取决于”，B项accountfor“对……负有责任，对……做出解释”，C项wrestlewith“全力对付，努力克服”，D项letdown“使失望，放下，辜负”。由句子句意“她第二次道了晚安，然后又跑下楼去______为明天所做的一切准备”可知，四个选项中只有wrestlewith符合语境。句意：她又道了一声晚安，然后又跑下楼去为明天做准备。因此，该题选择C项正确。

14.单选题

Euthanasiaisapracticeofmercifullyendingaperson'slifeinorderto_______thepersonfromanincurablediseaseandintolerablesuffering.

问题1选项

A.liberate

B.confine

C.release

D.apprehend

【答案】A

【解析】liberate解放,解脱;confine限制;release释放;apprehend理解,逮捕。句意：安乐死是一种仁慈地结束一个人的生命,从而使病人从不可医治的绝症和无法忍受的痛苦中解脱出来的做法。选项A符合句意。

15.单选题

Mybrotherisapainterandworksina（

）.

问题1选项

A.studio

B.stall

C.senate

D.stage

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项studio“工作室，画室”；B选项stall“货摊”；C选项senate“参议院”；D选项stage“舞台”。句意：我的兄弟是个画家，在一个画室工作。选项A符合语境。

16.单选题

Itooksomeoneelse’sbook（）mistake.

问题1选项

A.in

B.for

C.with

D.by

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。bymistake为固定短语,意为“错误地,由于差错”。句意:由于差错,我拿了别人的书。所以选项D正确。

17.单选题

Graphenemustsurelybeoneofthemostexcitingdevelopmentsinmodernscience.Indeed,thesubstanceissoextraordinarythatitsoundstoogoodtobetrue—asuperflexiblesheetofcarbon,justasingleatomthick,whichisnotonlythethinnestandstrongestmaterialyetknownbutalsoconductsheat,lightandelectricitywhilebeingimpassabletogas.

WehavetwoscientistsattheUniversityofManchestertothankforgraphene.WhatbeganwithAndreGeimandKostyaNovoselovplayingaroundwithScotchtapeandablockofcarbongraphiteturnedintothediscoveryoftheso-called“miraclematerial”(andajointNobelPrizeinPhysicsin2010).

Now,ofcourse,theraceisontoputgraphenetouse.Eventhemoresoberpredictionsreadlikesciencefiction.Fromcheapdesalinationfilterstosolvetheworld’screepingwatercrisis,tonext-generationelectronicswithfoldabletouch-screensandultra-speedybiodegradableprocessors,tosuperstrongbutsuperlightweightcarsandairplanes,ifjustafractionofgraphene’spotentialisfulfilleditwillchangetheworld.Andthatiswithoutevenconsideringeitherthebiomedicalorthemilitarypossibilities.Norareresearchershangingback;in2012alone,some10,000paperswerepublishedonthesubject.

Britainmaybethebirthplaceofgraphene,butwewillstillhavetoworkhardtohangontoourgloballeadasscientistsandentrepreneursacrosstheworlddashforcompetitiveadvantage.Thegoodnewsisthatrealeffortsarebeingmadetobridgethelong-standinggapbetweenuniversityresearchandcommercialproductsthatsooftenleavestheUKlaggingbehind,forexample,theUS.TheGovernmenthasgivenmorethan£60m,andgrapheneresearchcentersareunderconstructioninbothManchesterandCambridge.

Buttherearealreadysignsofprogress.Yesterday,AppliedGrapheneMaterials一aspin-offfromDurhamUniversity—becamethesecondmanufacturerofthematerialtolistsuccessfullyonthestockmarketthisyear.Bothitsfounders’ambitionsandbeliefsinthemarewhollyjustified.Graphene’spotentialislimitedonlybyourimaginations.

1.Thearticleiswrittenmainlyto（）.

2.WhichisNOTapropertyofgrapheneaccordingtothepassage?

3.ItcanbeinferredthatthepastgrapheneresearchintheUKwas（）.

4.Therearegoodreasonsforinvestorstobelieveinthefounders’ambitionsforgraphenebecause（）.

问题1选项

A.urgeBritonstoholdtheleadingraphene

B.introducethenewmaterialgraphenetoreaders

C.informreadersofthelimitlesspotentialsofgraphene

D.reporttheconstructionofUK’sgrapheneresearchcenters

问题2选项

A.Itisthethinnestandstrongestsubstance.

B.Itisasuperbconductorofgas.

C.Itisoneofthemoststretchablematerials.

D.Itisaspecialkindofcarbon.

问题3选项

A.puttodashforacompetitiveadvantage

B.faraheadoftheUSinmarketing

C.turnedintoalotofsciencefiction

D.isolatedinuniversityexperimentlabs

问题4选项

A.humanimaginationscangoasfarastheycan

B.thereisnogapbetweenresearchandproducts

C.thestockmarketintheUKissuccessful

D.thenewmaterialhashugeroomforprofit

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】1.文章第一段简单介绍了石墨烯,三四段提到石墨烯的竞争优势,最后一段提到,石墨烯的潜力仅受我们想象力的限制。潜在意思就是石墨烯的潜力是无限的,所以作者的目的也是想让读者了解石墨烯的无限潜力。选项C正确。

2.根据第一段后半部分对石墨烯的描述可知选项A,C,D均是石墨烯的特征,只有选项B错误。“conductsheat,lightandelectricitywhilebeingimpassabletogas.”石墨烯可以传导热,光,电,但是无法传导气体。

3.根据倒数第二段第一句“Britainmaybethebirthplace...dashforcompetitiveadvantage.”英国可能是石墨烯的诞生地,但是我们仍然需要继续努力保持全球领先地位,因为全世界的科学家和企业家都在争取竞争优势。选择A符合原文。

4.根据最后一段的内容可知,这里已经有发展的迹象。昨天,石墨烯材料应用公司(杜伦大学的附属品牌)成为本年度第二个成功上市的石墨烯生产商,而石墨烯的潜力也是无限的。综上,也就是说这种新物质有很大的利润空间。选项D正确。

18.单选题

Ijustmanagedto（

）aquickbreathbeforeIwassuckedunderthewaterbythepassingboat.

问题1选项

A.snatch

B.scratch

C.scrape

D.scan

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。snatch意为“夺去，抢走，抓紧时间做，趁机获得”；scratch意为“挠，，划破，抓破”；scrape意为“刮掉，削去，擦坏”；scan意为“细看，浏览，扫描”。

句意：在我被那艘过往的船吸到水里之前，我设法赶紧快速地吸了口气。

19.单选题

Manypeopledreadgoingonforeignassignments一sometimesevenbeforethey’vegoneonone.Theyhearstoriesabouthowexhaustinganddisorientingbusinesstravelcanbe.Theyworryaboutgettingsick,gettinglonely,orgettingkilled.They’reafraidtheywon’tbelikedorthattheywon’tsucceed.Butthefactisthatformanypeopleaforeignassignmentcanbetheopportunityandthrillofalifetime.

TheWallStreetJournalreportsthestoryofJohnAliberti,whohadspenthiscareerworkingtobecomeamidlevelmanagerforUnionSwitchinPittsburgh,Pennsylvania.Alibertiseemedlikeanoddchoiceforanoverseasassignment:Hehadnoexperienceininternationaltravelandbusiness.ButwhenhewaschosentorepresentthecompanyastechnicalexpertandrepresentativeinChina,Alibertirespondedwithenthusiasm:“Backhome,theworkwedo,it’sbeendonefordecades.InChinayou’rebreakingnewground.It’samilestoneinthehistoryoftheworld.”

ByviewinghisChinaassignmentasanexcitingadventure,Alibertilargelybypassedthenegativeeffectsofcultureshock.AccordingtotheWallStreetJournal,“Thecrowdsandchaoticlinesdon’tfazehim.Hebecomesanimatedtellingstoriesoflongtraintripstoout-of-the-waycitieslikeNanchang,whereUnionSwitchishelpingtobuildarailroadyard...”

Aliberti’senthusiasticattitudeandhisactiveinterestinlearningaboutthecultureandbusinesspracticesinChinahavehelpedhimbecomeacentralfigureinhiscompany’sChinaoperations.HisjobinPittsburghistworungsbelowvicepresident.InChina,accordingtohisboss,“HeactslikeapresidentorCEO.That’sgottoturnhimon.”

1.JohnAlibertiseemedHkeanoddchoiceforoverseasassignmentbecause（）.

2.“Alibertilargelybypassedthenegativeeffectsofcultureshock.”“Bypass”（Para.3）means

3.ThefollowingstatementsarecorrectaboutJohnAlibertiexcept（）.

4.ThestoryofJohnAlibertitellsusthat（）.

问题1选项

A.heisthemostexperiencedmemberofthecompany

B.hehasbeentoChinamanytimes

C.hasbeenpromotedtothetop-levelpositionofthecompany

D.hehaslittleexperienceintravelingabroad

问题2选项

A.ignore

B.passaway

C.avoid

D.shortcut

问题3选项

A.heisgoodatsellinghisexperienceoftravelinginChina

B.heistroubledbythecrowdsandconfusedtransportationinChina

C.heisexcitedabouttravelingaroundChina

D.heisbreakingnewgroundforhiscompany

问题4选项

A.cultureshockiseasytodealwith

B.manypeopledreadgoingonbusiness

C.thetransportationofChinaisconfusedtoforeigners

D.youcandealwithcultureshockwellwithanactiveinterestinlearningabouttheculture

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句。选项D符合题意。

2.词汇推断题。根据第三段第一句，句意：阿利伯蒂把他在中国的任务看作是一次激动人心的冒险，在很大程度上避开了文化冲击的负面影响。选项C符合题意。

3.推断题。根据文章第二段最后一句，他想在中国开拓一个新的领域，这是一个里程碑。但是B选项提及了他的负面情绪，与文章不符。选项B符合题意。

4.推断题。文章主要是选取了Aliberti的例子说明了在国外工作和生活也是有趣的，应该积极地去享受。所以鼓励大家去感受这样的文化冲击。选项D符合题意。

20.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese

Intheevening,afterthebanquets,theconcertsandtabletennis,hewouldworkonthedraftingofthefinalcommunique.

Johncanbereliedon.Heeatsnofishandplaysthegame.

Noontimecameandwent;Nixon,whorarelyhadlunch,andKissinger,whorarelymissedit,skippedthemealandwentrightontalkingforalmostfourhours.

See-sawingbetweenpartlygoodandfaintlyominous,thenewsforthenextfourweekswasneverdistinct.

Mathematicianswhohavetriedtousecomputerstocopythewaythebrainworkshavefoundthatusingeventhelatestelectronicequipmenttheywouldhavetobuildacomputerwhichweighedover10,000kilos.

Wemaintainthatnopeacesituationispermanentwhichdoesnottakeintoaccountthelegitimatewishesofthemajorityofthepeopleofanycountry.

Hiseight-minutevaledictorywaseverythingthatGorewasn'tduringhiseighteen-monthcampaign:graceful,authentic,inspiring.

Forafamilyoffour,forexample,itismoreconvenientaswellascheapertositcomfortablyathome,