考研考博-英语-新疆警察学院考试押题卷含答案详解

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-新疆警察学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

TeadrinkingwascommoninChinafornearlyonethousandyearsbeforeanyoneinEuropehadeverheardabouttea.PeopleinBritainweremuchslowerinfindingoutwhatteawaslike,mainlybecauseteawasveryexpensive.ItcouldnotbeboughtinshopsandeventhosepeoplewhocouldaffordtohaveitsentfromHollanddidsoonlybecauseitwasafashionablecuriosity.Someofthemwerenotsurehowtouseit.Theythoughtitwasavegetableandtriedcookingtheleaves.Thentheyservedthemmixedwithbutterandsalt.Theysoondiscoveredtheirmistakebutmanypeopleusedtospreadtheusedtealeavesonbreadandgivethemtotheirchildrenassandwiches.

TearemainedscarceandveryexpensiveinEnglanduntiltheshipsoftheEastIndiaCompanybegantobringitdirectfromChinaearlyintheseventeenthcentury.Duringthenextfewyearssomuchteacameintothecountrythatthepricefellandmanypeoplecouldaffordtobuyit.

AtthesametimepeopleontheContinentwerebecomingmoreandmorefondoftea.Untilthenteahadbeendrunkwithoutmilkinit,butonedayafamousFrenchladynamedMadamedeSevignedecidedtoseewhatteatastedlikewhenmilkwasadded.Shefounditsopleasantthatshewouldneveragaindrinkitwithoutmilk.Becauseshewassuchagreatladyherfriendsthoughttheymustcopyeverythingshedid,sotheyalsodranktheirteawithmilkinit.SlowlythishabitspreaduntilitreachedEnglandandtodayonlyveryfewBritonsdrinkteawithoutmilk.

Atfirst,teawasusuallydrunkafterdinnerintheevening.Nooneeverthoughtofdrinkingteaintheafternoonuntiladuchess(公爵夫人)foundthatacupofteaandapieceofcakeatthreeorfouro’clockstoppedhergetting“asinkingfeeling”asshecalledit.Sheinvitedherfriendstohavethisnewmealwithherandso,tea-timewasborn.

1.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheintroductionofteaintoBritain?

2.Thispassagemainlydiscusses（）.

3.TeabecameapopulardrinkinBritain（）.

4.PeopleinEuropebegantodrinkteawithmilkbecause（）.

5.WemayinferfromthepassagethatthehabitofdrinkingteainBritainwasmostlyduetotheinfluenceof（）.

问题1选项

A.TheBritonsgotexpensiveteafromIndia.

B.TeareachedBritainfromHolland.

C.TheBritonswerethefirstpeopleinEuropewhodranktea.

D.Itwasnotuntilthe17thcenturythattheBritonshadtea.

问题2选项

A.thehistoryofteadrinkinginBritain

B.howteabecameapopulardrinkinBritain

C.howtheBritonsgotthehabitofdrinkingtea

D.howtea-timewasborn

问题3选项

A.ineighteenthcentury

B.insixteenthcentury

C.inseventeenthcentury

D.inthelateseventeenthcentury

问题4选项

A.ittastedlikemilk

B.ittastedmorepleasant

C.itbecameapopulardrink

D.peopletriedtocopythewayMadamedeServingedranktea

问题5选项

A.afamousFrenchlady

B.theancientChinese

C.theuppersocialclass

D.peopleinHolland

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第一段第三句“ItcouldnotbeboughtinshopsandeventhosepeoplewhocouldaffordtohaveitsentfromHollanddidsoonlybecauseitwasafashionablecuriosity.茶叶在商店里买不到，甚至那些买得起的人也是从荷兰寄过来，只是因为这是一件时髦的珍品。”由此可知，茶叶是从荷兰进入英国的，所以选项B正确。

2.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文前半部分讨论了英国人对茶的引进和认识，后半部分讲到了英国人对茶的喜爱，所以总的来说，这篇文章主要是讨论了英国人喝茶的历史。选项A最能概括全文。

3.细节事实题。根据第三段的首句“AtthesametimepeopleontheContinentwerebecomingmoreandmorefondoftea.与此同时，（欧洲）大陆上的人们越来越喜欢茶。”这里的时间即上一段提及的17世纪，所以选项C正确。

4.细节事实题。根据第三段的最后两句“Becauseshewassuchagreatladyherfriendsthoughttheymustcopyeverythingshedid,sotheyalsodranktheirteawithmilkinit.SlowlythishabitspreaduntilitreachedEngland…因为她是如此伟大的一位女士，她的朋友们认为他们必须模仿她做的每件事，所以他们喝茶的时候也加牛奶。慢慢地，这个习惯传到了英国……”由此可知，欧洲人之所以喝加了牛奶的茶，是模仿MadamedeServinge夫人喝茶的方式，选项D符合原文。

5.判断推理题。题干问的是“英国人喝茶的习惯主要是受什么的影响？”根据上一题可知，英国人喝茶的习惯主要是受到一位法国夫人的影响，所以选项A正确。

2.单选题

Whenyoupackthepears,pleasebecarefulsothattheywon’tget（

）.

问题1选项

A.bruised

B.blushed

C.injured

D.mature

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。bruise意为“撞伤，擦伤”；blush意为“脸红，羞愧”；injure意为“(尤指在事故中)伤害，损害”；mature意为“成熟”。

句意：当你打包梨子时，请小心点，不要把梨子摩擦坏了。

3.单选题

TwohoursfromthetallbuildingsofManhattanandPhiladelphialivesomeoftheworld’slargestblackbears.TheyareinnorthernPennsylvania’sPoconoMountains,ahometheysharewithanabundanceofotherwildlife.

Thestreams,lakes,meadows,mountainridgesandforeststhatmakethePoconosanidealplaceforblackbearshavealsoattractedmorepeopletotheregion.Openspacesarethreatenedbyplansforhousingestatesandimportanthabitatsareendangeredbyhighwayconstruction.ToprotectthePoconos’naturalbeautyfromirresponsibledevelopment,theNatureConservancynamedtheareaoneofAmerica’s“LastGreatPlaces”.

Operatingoutofacentuiy-oldschoolhouseinthevillageofLongPond,Pennsylvania,theconservancy’sBudCookisworkingwithlocalpeopleandbusinessleaderstobalanceeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotection.ByforgingpartnershipswithpeoplelikeFrancisAltemose,theConservancyhasbeenabletoprotectmorethan14,000acresofenvironmentallyimportantlandinthearea.

Altemose’sfamilyhasfarmedinthePoconoareaforgenerations.TwoyearsagoFrancisworkedwiththeConservancytoincludehisfarminacountyfarmlandprotectionprogram.Asaresult,hisfamily’slandcanbeprotectedfromdevelopmentandtheAltemoseswillbebetterabletoprovideasecurefinancialfuturefortheir7-year-oldgrandson.

CookattributestheConservancy’ssuccessinthePoconostohavingalocalpresenceandacommitmenttoworkingwithlocalresidents.

“Thekeytoprotectingtheseremarkablelandsisconnectingwiththelocalcommunity,”Cooksaid.“Thepeoplewholivethererespecttheland.Theyvaluequietforests,clearstreamsandabundantwildlife.Theyareeagertohelpwithconservationeffort.”

FormoreinformationonhowyoucanhelpTheNatureConservancyprotectthePoconosandtheworld’sother“LastGreatPlaces”，pleasecall1-888-5646864.OrvisitusontheWorldWideW

1.ThepurposeinnamingthePoconosasoneofAmerica’s“LastGreatPlaces”isto（）.

2.Welearnfromthepassagethat（）.

3.WhatisimportantinprotectingthePoconosaccordingtoCook?

4.WhatdoesBudCookmeanby“havingalocalpresence”(Line1，Para*5)?

问题1选项

A.gainsupportfromthelocalcommunity

B.protectitfromirresponsibledevelopment

C.makeitabetterhomeforblackbears

D.providefinancialsecurityforfuturegenerations

问题2选项

A.thepopulationinthePoconoareaisgrowing

B.wildlifeinthePoconoareaisdyingoutrapidly

C.thesecurityofthePoconoresidentsisbeingthreatened

D.farmlandsinthePoconoareaareshrinkingfast

问题3选项

A.Thesettingupofanenvironmentalprotectionwebsite.

B.SupportfromorganizationsliketheNatureConservancy.

C.Cooperationwiththelocalresidentsandbusinessleaders.

D.Inclusionoffarmlandsintheregion’sprotectionprogram.

问题4选项

A.Financialcontributionsfromlocalbusinessleaders.

B.Considerationoftheinterestsofthelocalresidents.

C.Theestablishmentofawildlifeprotectionfoundationinthearea.

D.ThesettingupofalocalNatureConservancybranchinthePoconoarea.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“ToprotectthePoconos’naturalbeautyfromirresponsibledevelopment…”，主要目的使保护自然美景，选项B符合题意。

2.信息推断题。根据文章第二段第一句，因为溪流、山脊等一些自然风貌吸引了很多人来到这里，推测人口是不断增加的。选项A符合题意。

3.信息推断题。根据文章第六段，“Thekeytoprotectingtheseremarkablelandsisconnectingwiththelocalcommunity,”文中提到了与当社区合作。选项C符合题意。

4.信息归纳题。根据上下文语境，BudCook认为大自然保护协会的成功离不开“havingalocalpresence”，在第四段也提及了农民受到了协会的支持，所以havingalocalpresence应该是指一个组织或机构，选项D符合题意。

4.单选题

Howwelookandhowweappeartoothersprobablyworriesusmorewhenweareinourteensorearlytwentiesthanatanyothertimeinourlife.Fewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare,andfewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion.

MostfashionmagazinesorTVadvertisementstrytopersuadeusthatweshoulddressinacertainwayorbehaveinacertainmanner.Ifwedo,theytellus,wewillbeabletomeetnewpeoplewithconfidenceanddealwitheverysituationconfidentlyandwithoutembarrassment.Changingfashion,ofcourse,doesnotapplyjusttodress.Abarbertodaydoesnotcutaboy’shairinthesamewayasheusedto,andgirlsdonotmakeupinthesamewayastheirmothersandgrandmothersdid.Theadvertisershowusthelatestfashionablestylesandweareconstantlyunderpressuretofollowthefashionincaseourfriendsthinkweareoddordull.

Whatcausesfashionstochange?Sometimesconvenienceorpracticalnecessityorjustthefancyofaninfluentialpersoncanestablishafashion.Takehats,forexample.Incoldclimates,earlybuildingswerecoldinside,sopeopleworehatsindoorsaswellasoutside.Inrecenttimes,thelatePresidentKennedycausedadepressionintheAmericanhatindustrybynotwearinghats:moreAmericanmenfollowedhisexample.

Thereisalsoacyclicalpatterninfashion.Inthe1920sinEuropeandAmerica,shortskirtsbecamefashionable.AfterWorldWarTwo,theydroppedtoanklelength.Thentheygotshorterandshortertheminiskirtwasinfashion.Afterafewmoreyears,skirtsbecamelongeragain.

Today,societyismuchfreerandeasierthanitusedtobe.Itisnolongernecessarytodresslikeeveryoneelse.Withinreason,youcandressasyoulikeordoyourhairthewayyoulikeinsteadofthewayyoushouldbecauseitisthefashion.Thepopularityofjeansandthe"untidy"lookseemstobeareactionagainsttheincreasinglyexpensivefashionofthetopfashionhouses.

Atthesametime,appearanceisstillimportantincertaincircumstancesandthenwemustchooseourclothescarefully.Itwouldbefoolishtogotoaninterviewforajobinalawfirmwearingjeansandasweater,anditwouldbediscourteoustovisitsomedistinguishedscholarlookingasifweweregoingtothebeachoranightclub.However,youneedneverfeeldepressedifyoudon'tlooklikethelatestfashionphoto.Lookaroundyouandyou’llseethatnooneelsedoeseither!

1.Theauthorthinksthatpeopleare（

）.

2.FashionmagazinesandTVadvertisementsseemtolinkfashionto

（

）.

3.Causesoffashionare

（

）.

4.Present-daysocietyismuchfreerandeasierbecauseitemphasizes

（

）.

5.Whichisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.satisfiedwiththeirappearance.

B.concernedaboutappearanceinoldage

C.farfromneglectingwhatisinfashion

D.reluctanttofollowthetrendsinfashion

问题2选项

A.confidenceinlife

B.personaldress

C.individualhairstyle

D.personalfuture

问题3选项

A.uniform

B.varied

C.unknown

D.inexplicable

问题4选项

A.uniform

B.formality

C.informality

D.individuality

问题5选项

A.Careaboutappearanceinformalsituations.

B.Fashioninformalandinformalsituations.

C.Ignoringappearanceininformalsituations.

D.Ignoringappearanceinallsituations.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Fewofusarecontenttoacceptourselvesasweare,andfewarebraveenoughtoignorethetrendsoffashion.（我们中很少有人满足于接受自己的现状，也很少有人敢忽视时尚潮流）可知C选项“很难忽视时尚”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的wewillbeabletomeetnewpeoplewithconfidenceanddealwitheverysituationconfidentlyandwithoutembarrassment（我们将能够充满信心地认识新的人，并且能够自信地、毫不尴尬地处理每一件事）可知时尚杂志和电视广告将时尚与人的自信联系在一起，因此选A。

3.细节事实题。由文章第三段中的Sometimesconvenienceorpracticalnecessityorjustthefancyofaninfluentialpersoncanestablishafashion.（有时是方便或实际需要，或仅仅是一个有影响力的人的幻想就能建立起一种时尚）可知导致时尚变化的原因是多变的，没有特定的原因，因此D选项“无法解释的”最为恰当。

4.推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中的Itisnolongernecessarytodresslikeeveryoneelse.Withinreason,youcandressasyoulikeordoyourhairthewayyoulikeinsteadofthewayyoushouldbecauseitisthefashion.（不再需要像其他人那样穿衣服了。在合理的范围内，你可以穿自己喜欢的衣服，也可以用你喜欢的方式做头发，而不是你应该做的样子，因为这是时尚）可知当今社会更尊重个人选择，强调个性化，因此选D。

5.主旨大意题。由文章最后一段中的第一句Atthesametime,appearanceisstillimportantincertaincircumstancesandthenwemustchooseourclothescarefully.（同时，外表在某些情况下仍然很重要，所以我们必须谨慎地选择我们的衣服）可知A选项“在正式场合下需要注意外貌形象”符合题意。

5.单选题

Onenteringtheroom,he（

）hiseyesrounditbutsawnothingstrange.

问题1选项

A.jerked

B.flung

C.tossed

D.cast

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项jerk“猛拉”；B选项fling“掷，抛”；C选项toss“抛，投”；D选项cast“投掷”。选项B，C，D都要投掷的意思，但只有选项D能与后面的round搭配使用，castround意为“寻找”，句意：一进房间，他就环视四周（寻找），但没有发现什么奇怪的东西。选项D符合句意。

6.单选题

ProfessorSmithandProfessorBrownwill（）ingivingtheclasslectures.

问题1选项

A.exchange

B.alter

C.shift

D.alternate

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项exchange“交换；交易；兑换”；B选项alter“改变；变更”；C选项shift“转移；改变；替换”；D选项alternate“交替；轮流”。句意：史密斯教授和布朗教授将轮流给这个班级讲课。根据句中“givingtheclasslectures给这个班级讲课”可知“轮流”符合语境，因此D选项正确。

7.单选题

Inthe19thcenturyitwascommontohearpeopleinEuropeandAmericasaythattheresourcesoftheseawereunlimited.Forexample,a（1）biologistwritinginthemid1800scommentedthatallofthegreatseafisheriesare（2）.Todaythere'sevidencethattheresourcesoftheseaareasseriouslythreatenedas（3）ofthelandandtheairandtheconcernofconservationistsnowincludesherringandcod（4）theAfricanelephant,theIndiantigerandtheAmericaneagle.（5）,thethreattofishismorealarminginsomewaysthanthethreattobirdsandlandanimalsbecausefishareamuch-neededfoodresource.Manypeoplethroughouttheworlddependonfishasanimportantpartoftheirdietsanda（6）inthefishsupplycouldhave（7）effects（8）hungerandpopulation.FishermenintheN.Atlanticaloneannually（9）20billionpoundsoffish（10）fooddemands.Butitisimportanttorecognizethatthesepracticescannotcontinuewithoutdepletingfishresourceswithinthenextfewyears.

问题1选项

A.noteworthy

B.noted

C.noticeable

D.notifying

问题2选项

A.inexhaustible

B.inexhausted

C.exhaustible

D.exhausted

问题3选项

A.that

B.it

C.which

D.those

问题4选项

A.butalso

B.and

C.aswellas

D.with

问题5选项

A.Furthermore

B.Nevertheless

C.More

D.However

问题6选项

A.increase

B.decline

C.decree

D.increment

问题7选项

A.expositive

B.expansive

C.extensive

D.excessive

问题8选项

A.to

B.on

C.for

D.in

问题9选项

A.harvest

B.buy

C.ask

D.raise

问题10选项

A.toinsure

B.tosatisfy

C.toignore

D.tocomplete

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

第6题:B

第7题:C

第8题:B

第9题:A

第10题:B

【解析】（1）形近词辨析。noteworthy显著的；noted著名的；noticeable显而易见的,明显的；notifying为名词,意为通知。根据原文可知,这里修饰人,只有选项B正确。

（2）inexhaustible无穷无尽的；inexhausted未用尽的；exhaustible用尽的；exhausted耗尽的。上文提到海洋的资源是无尽的,这里是举例说明,所以选项A符合原文。

（3）根据原文句意可知,此处缺少land的宾语。those指代上句提到的resources。这里是把海洋,陆地和空中的资源进行对比。所以选项D符合语境。

（4）herring,cod和后面的Africanelephant等属于并列关系,所以选项C符合句意。

（5）上一句提到了“threat”,这一句依然讲的是“threat”,所以这里是递进关系,选项A符合语境。

（6）根据定冠词a可首先排除选项A和D；根据句意可知是供应减少,所以选项B正确。

（7）extensiveeffects为常用的搭配,意为广泛的影响,所以选项C正确。

（8）对...产生影响用介词on,所以选项B正确。

（9）根据句意可知,这里指收获200亿磅的鱼,选项A符合句意。

（10）satisfydemands为常用搭配,意为“满足需求”。选项B正确。

8.单选题

Excellentfilmsarethosewhich（

）nationalandculturalbarriers.

问题1选项

A.transcend

B.traverse

C.abolish

D.suppress

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项transcend“胜过，超越”；B选项traverse“穿过；C选项abolish“废除，取消”；D选项suppress“抑制”。

句意：优秀的电影是那些超越国家和文化障碍的电影。选项A符合句意。

9.案例题

PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou'llgetacompletelydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen-theUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale.Youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.

Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversityisbecomingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.

Diversity,itseems,hasnothelpedtoaddressfundamentalweaknessesinbusinessleadership.Sowhatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthecommercialworld?AccordingtoValerieGauthier,associatedeanatHECParis,thekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogrammesrecruittheirstudents.Atthemomentcandidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofcriteriasuchasprioracademicandcareerperformance,andanalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.Thisisthencoupledtoaschool'spictureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklike,withtheresultthatpassport,ethnicoriginandsexcanallbecomeinfluencingfactors.Butschoolsrarelydigdowntofindoutwhatreallymakesanapplicantsucceed,tocreateaclasswhichalsocontainsdiversityofattitudeandapproach-arguablytheonlydiversitythat,inabusinesscontext,reallymatters.

ProfessorGauthierbelievesschoolsshouldnotjustbeselectingcandidatesfromtraditionalsectorssuchasbanking,consultancyandindustry.Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohavebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalscience,thecreativearts,historyorphilosophy,whichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.

Indeed,theredoesseemtobeademandforthemoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate.AstudybyMannaz,aleadershipdevelopmentcompany,suggeststhat,whilethebully-boychiefexecutiveofoldmaynothavebeeneradicatedcompletely,thereisadefiniteshiftinemphasistowardslesstoughstylesofmanagement-atleastinAmericaandEurope.Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthoseprevalentinScandinavia,whichseektointegratethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibilityandaccountability.

1.Whatcharacterisesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationoftoday?

A.Greaterdiversity.

B.Intellectualmaturity.

C.Exceptionaldiligence.

D.Higherambition.

2.Whatistheauthor'sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducation?

A.Itwillarousestudents'unrealisticexpectations.

B.Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.

C.Itfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalskills.

D.Itstressescompetitionratherthancooperation.

3.WhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkismostimportant?

A.Ageandeducationalbackground.

B.Socialandprofessionalexperience.

C.Attitudeandapproachtobusiness.

D.Ethnicoriginandgender.

4.WhatapplicantsdoestheauthorthinkMBAprogrammesshouldconsiderrecruiting?

A.Applicantswithpriorexperienceinbusinesscompanies.

B.Applicantswithsoundknowledgeinmathandstatistics.

C.Applicantsfromoutsidethetraditionalsectors.

D.Applicantsfromlessdevelopedregionsandareas.

5.WhatdoesMannazsayaboutthecurrentmanagementstyle?

A.Itiseradicatingthetoughaspectsofmanagement.

B.Itencouragesmaleandfemaleexecutivestoworksidebyside.

C.Itadoptsthebully-boychiefexecutivemodel.

D.Itisshiftingtowardsmorecollaborativemodels.

【答案】1.A

2.B

3.C

4.C

5.D

【解析】1.根据第一段的内容可知，以前的NBA讲堂是典型的男性，中产阶级和西方人为主，而现在也能看到很多女性，还有来自不同国家和不同种族的人。这说明现在商学院学生人口的特点是多样性，选项A正确。

2.

根据第二段的最后一句“Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.”选项B符合原文。

3.

根据第三段“AccordingtoValerieGblemsolvingabilities.”目前，候选人的选拔标准相当狭窄，比如先前的学业和职业表现，以及分析和解决问题的能力。说明ValerieGauthier最看重的是社会经历和工作经验。

4.

根据第四段的内容可知，商学院不应仅仅从银行、咨询和工业等传统行业中挑选候选人。他们还应该寻找具有政治科学、创意艺术、历史或哲学等领域背景的个人，这些领域将使他们能够将商业决策置于更广泛的背景中。选项C符合原文。

5.根据最后一段“Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels...”大公司对更多的合作管理模式越来越感兴趣，选项D正确。

10.单选题

WhenyouaskmeaboutCynthia,whatwereyou（）?

问题1选项

A.meaningfor

B.drivingat

C.intendingfor

D.intendingto

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。选项A介词搭配不正确，可首先排除；B选项driveat相当于aimat“用意所在”；C选项intendfor“打算使”；D选项intendto“打算做…，想要”，后面一般需要接dosth.。句意：你问我关于辛西娅的事，你的用意何在？所以选项B正确。

11.单选题

Itisacuriousparadoxthatwethinkofthephysicalsciencesas“hard”，thesocialsciencesas“soft”,andthebiologicalsciencesassomewhereinbetween.Thisisinterpretedtomeanthatourknowledgeofphysicalsystemismorecertainthanourknowledgeofbiologicalsystems,andtheseinturnaremorecertainthanourknowledgeofsocialsystems.Intermsofourcapacityofsampletherelevantuniverses,however,andtheprobabilitythatourimagesoftheseuniversesareatleastapproximatelycorrect,onesuspectsthatareverseorderismorereasonable.

Weareabletosampleearth’ssocialsystemswithsomedegreeofconfidencethatwehaveareasonablesampleofthetotaluniversebeinginvestigated.Ourknowledgeofsocialsystems,therefore,whileitisinmanywaysextremelyinaccurate,isnotlikelytobeseriouslyoverturnedbynewdiscoveries.Eventhefolkknowledgeinsocialsystemsonwhichordinarylifeisbasedinearning,spending,organizing,marrying,takingpartinpoliticalactivities,fightingandsoon,isnotverydissimilarfromthemoresophisticatedimagesofthesocialsystemderivedfromthesocialsciences,eventhoughitisbuiltupontheveryimperfectsamplesofpersonalexperience.Incontrast,ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverse,orevenifearth’sgeologicalhistory,caneasilybesubjecttorevolutionarychangesasnewdatacomeinandnewtheoriesareworkedout.Ifwedefinethe“security”ofourimageofvariouspartsofthetotalsystemastheprobabilityoftheirsufferingsignificantchanges,thenwewouldreversetheorderforhardnessandasthemostsecure,thephysicalsciencesastheleastsecure,andagainthebiologicalsciencesassomewhereinbetween.Ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverseistheleastsecureofallsimplybecauseweobservesuchafantasticallysmallsampleofitanditsrecord-keepingistrivialrecordsofbiologicalsystems.Recordsoftheastronomicaluniverse,despitethefactthatwelearntthingsastheywerelongage,arelimitedintheextreme.

Eveninregardtosuchacloseneighborasthemoon,whichwehaveactuallyvisited,theoriesaboutitsoriginandhistoryareextremelydifferent,contradictory,andhardtochooseamong.Ourknowledgeofphysicalevolutionisincompleteandinsecure.

1.Theword“paradox”(Line1,Para.1)means“（

）”

2.Accordingtotheauthor,weshouldreverseourclassificationofthephysicalsciencesas“hard”andthesocialsciencesas“soft”because（

）.

3.Theauthorbelievesthatourknowledgeofsocialsystemsismoresecurethanthatofphysicalsystemsbecause（

）

4.Thechancesofthephysicalsciencesbeingsubjecttogreatchangesarethebiggest

because（

）

.

5.Weknowlessabouttheastronomicaluniversethanwedoaboutanysocialsystem

because（

）

.

问题1选项

A.implication

B.contradiction

C.interpretation

D.confusion

问题2选项

A.areverseorderingwillhelppromotethedevelopmentofthephysicalsciences.

B.ourknowledgeofphysicalsystemsismorereliablethanthatofsocialsystems.

C.ourunderstandingofthesocialsystemsisapproximatelycorrect.

D.wearebetterabletoinvestigatesocialphenomenathanphysicalphenomena.

问题3选项

A.itisnotbasedonpersonalexperience.

B.newdiscoveriesarelesslikelytooccurinsocialsciences.

C.itisbasedonafairlyrepresentativequantityofdata.

D.therecordsofsocialsystemsaremorereliable.

问题4选项

A.contradictorytheorieskeepemergingallthetime.

B.newinformationisconstantlycomingin.

C.thedirectionoftheirdevelopmentisdifficulttopredict.

D.ourknowledgeofthephysicalworldisinaccurate.

问题5选项

A.theoriesofitsoriginandhistoryarevaried.

B.ourknowledgeofitishighlyinsecure.

C.onlyaverysmallsampleofithasbeenobserved.

D.fewscientistsareinvolvedinthestudyofastronomy

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.paradox“矛盾，悖论”。implication“含义”；contradiction“矛盾，否认”；interpretation“解释”；confusion“混淆”。选项B符合题意。

2.文章第二段第一句话weareabletosampleearth’ssocialsystemswithsomedegreeofconfidencethatwehaveareasonablesampleofthetotaluniversebeinginvestigated提到我们能够在调查地球的社会体系时自信地认为我们有整个领域作为合理的样本供研究；该段倒数第二句话ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverseistheleastsecureofallsimplybecauseweobservesuchafantasticallysmallsampleofitanditsrecord-keepingistrivialrecordsofbiologicalsystems提到我们对于天文领域的研究是最不靠谱的，因为我们观察的是一个不切实际的小样本。从这两句话可知，研究社会知识的样本比研究天文知识的样本要大并且实际，所以我们能更好地去研究社会现象，选项D符合题意。

3.文章第二段第二句ourknowledgeofsocialsystems,therefore,whileitisinmanywaysextremelyinaccurate,isnotlikelytobeseriouslyoverturnedbynewdiscoveries提到在社会体系中，它不太可能被新的发现严重颠覆。选项B符合题意。

4.文章第二段incontrast,ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverse,orevenifearth’sgeologicalhistory,caneasilybesubjecttorevolutionarychangesasnewdatacomeinandnewtheoriesareworkedout提到我们对于天文宇宙或者地球的地理历史的概念，当新的数据和理论进入时都很容易遭受革命性的变化，选项B符合题意。

5.文章第二段ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverseistheleastsecureofallsimplybecauseweobservesuchafantasticallysmallsampleofitanditsrecord-keepingistrivialrecordsofbiologicalsystems提到我们对于天文领域的研究是最不靠谱的，因为我们观察的是一个不切实际的小样本。选项C符合题意。

12.翻译题

Wedonotknowexactlyhowlongthecountryhasbeenoccupiedbuttheearliestdiscoveredsiteofoccupationisabout47,000yearsold.Toputthisinperspective,sincetheFirstFleetarrivedin1788therehavebeenonlyeightgenerationsofsettlers.Ontheotherhand,therehavebeenatleast18,500generationsofthePeoplesoftheDreaming.

ThePeoplesoftheDreamingbelongedtoover500differentgroupsornationswithdifferentlanguagesandculturesbuttheywereboundtogetherbytheirbeliefintheDreaming.“TheDreaming”or“TheDreamtime”isthemostenduringreligioninAustraliatoday.Itisbasedonthecentralprinciplethatthepeoplewholiveonthecontinenthavespecialresponsibilitiestotheland—thatthelandownsthemandthattheyholditintrustasthehomeoftheircreator.However,intheimmenselyvariablelandscapeofthecountry,differentculturesanddifferentlanguagesdevelopedwithinthisbroadframeworkoftheDreamtime.

【答案】我们不知道这个国家被占领的确切时间，但最早发现的占领遗址大约有4.7万年的历史。从这个角度来看，自1788年第一舰队到达后，只有8代移民。另一方面，已经有至少18500代梦创时代的后人（原住民）。

梦创时代的后人属于500多个不同的群体或国家，他们拥有不同的语言和文化，但他们因为梦里的信念而联系在一起。梦创时代是今天澳大利亚最持久的宗教。它基于这样一个中心原则：生活在大陆上的人民对土地负有特殊责任——土地拥有他们而且他们把土地作为创造者的家园来保管。然而，在这个国家多变的景观中，不同的文化和不同的语言在这个梦创时代的大框架内