考研考博-英语-上海交通职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海交通职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.写作题

Directions:Thepassagecontainstenerrors.Eachindicatedlinecontainsamaximumofoneerror.Ineachcase,onlyonewordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassage,trytodetecttheerrorsandwritedownyourcorrectionsontheanswersheet.

【答案】答：

1.no改为not

2.place改为land

3.started改为start

4.working改为work

5.Anyone改为Everyone

6.but去掉

7.before改为after

8.But改为And

9.it改为they

10.housethe中间加入as

【解析】1.【解题思路】no是形容词，后面要跟名词，sweet是形容词，所以要用副词not修饰，故把no改为not。

2.【解题思路】该句意思是“是找一块地，为家人盖一所房子”，而place表示“地方”，指某个位置或地点，不和apieceof（一块）搭配，所以要把place改为land。

3.【解题思路】started和前面的find与build都是并列动词，放在不定式to的后面，所以started要用原形start。

4.【解题思路】working和前面的live是并列动词，live用的原形，所以working同样要用动词原形work。

5.【解题思路】Anyone多用于否定句或疑问句中，此处是肯定句，所以要把Anyone改为Everyone。

6.【解题思路】这一句的句首用了although表示让步，那么后面不需要再用but表示转折，英语中although和but不能出现在同一个句子中，所以把but去掉。

7.【解题思路】根据关键信息WhenU.Ssoldierscamehome（当美国士兵回国时）可知，这是发生在二战之后，而不是之前，所以要把before改为after。

8.【解题思路】But表示前后句意是转折关系，前文说“美国士兵回国时梦想着买房子，组建家庭”，后文说“住宅建设出现了巨大的繁荣”，前后文明显是递进关系，所以要把but改为and。

9.【解题思路】it指代的是前面提到的Thenewhouses（新房子），是复数，所以it也要改为表示复数的代词they。

10.【解题思路】regard…as是固定搭配，表示“把……看作是”，所以要在house后面加上介词as。

2.单选题

Hehadwanteda25%raiseinpay,butaftertalkingtohisboss,hedecidedthata5%raisewouldhaveto（）.

问题1选项

A.suffice

B.satisfy

C.gratify

D.delight

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。suffice“足够；足以”；satisfy“满意；令人满意”；gratify“使满足”；delight“高兴；使高兴”，在经过和他老板谈话之后他觉得可以接收5%的涨薪，将涨薪25%与涨薪5%相比，5%只可以说是够的，可以接受的。句意：他原想涨薪25%，但是经过与他老板谈话之后，他决定涨5%就……。故正确答案为选项A。

3.单选题

AbustookhimtotheWestEnd,where,amongthecrazycoloredfountainsofillumination,shatteringtheblueduskwithgreenandcrimsonfire,hefoundthecaféofhischoice,atea-shopthathadgonemadandturned.Babylonian,awhitepalacewithtenthousandlights.Itstoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas,theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization,perhapsanewbarbarism;andbehindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel,justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.Somewhereinthebackground,hiddenaway,behindthetenthousandlightsandacresofwhitenaperyandbewilderingglitteringrowsofteapots,behindthethousandwaitressesandcash-boxgirlsandblack-coatedfloormanagersandtemperamentallong-hairedviolinists,behindthemoundsofcauldronsofstewedsteak,thevanloadsofices,wereafewmenwhowenttoworkjugglingwithfractionsofafarming,whoknewhowmanyunitsofelectricityittooktofinishasteak-and-kidneypuddingandhowmanyminutesandsecondsawaitress(fivefeetfourinheightandinaveragehealth)wouldneedtocarryatrayofgivenweightfromthekitchenlifetothetableinthefarcomer.Inshort,therewasawarm,sensuous,vulgarlifefloweringintheupperstoreys,andacoldscienceworkinginthebasement.Suchasthegigantictea-shopintowhichTurgismarched,insearchnotofmererefreshmentbutofalltheenchantmentofunfamiliarluxury.Perhapsheknewinhisheartthatmenhaveconqueredhalftheknownworld,lootedwholekingdoms,andneverarrivedinsuchluxury.Theplacewasbuiltforhim.

Itwasbuiltforagreatmanyotherpeopletoo,and,asusual,theywereallthere.Itseemedwithhumanity.Themarbleentrancehall,pileddizzilywithbonbonsandcakes,wasascrowdedandbustlingasarailwaystation.Thegloomandgrimeofthestreets,therawair,allNovember,wereatonceleftbehind,forgotten:theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery.Disdainingthelifts,Turgis,oncemoreexcitedbythesight,sound,andsmellofitall,climbedthewidestaircaseuntilhereachedhisfavoritefloor,whereanorchestra,ledbyayoungJewishviolinistwithwanderinglustrouseyesandapassionfortremoloeffects,actedasamagnettoathousandgirls,scentedair,thesensuousclamorofthestrings;and,ashestoodhesitatingamoment,halfdazed,therecame,bowing,asleekgraveman,olderthanhewasandfarmoredistinguishedthanhecouldeverhopetobe,whomurmureddeferentially:“Forone,sir?Thisway,please,”Shyly,yetproudly,Turgisfollowedhim.

1.That“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”suggeststhat（）.

2.Thefollowingwordsorphrasesaresomewhatcriticalofthetea-shopEXCEPT（）.

3.Initscontextthestatementthat“theplacewasbuiltforhim”meansthatthecaféwasintendedto（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthesecondparagraphisNOTtrue?

5.ThefollowingarecomparisonsmadebytheauthorinthesecondparagraphEXCEPTthat（）.

问题1选项

A.modernrealisticcommercialismexistedbehindtheluxuriousappearance

B.therewasafundamentalfalsenessinthestyleandtheappealofthecafé

C.thearchitecthadmadeasensibleblendofoldandnewbuildingmaterials

D.thecaféwasbasedonphysicalfoundationsandrealeconomicstrength

问题2选项

A.“...turnedBabylonian”

B.“perhapsanewbarbarism”

C.“acresofwhitenapery”

D.“balancedtothelasthalfpenny”

问题3选项

A.pleasesimplepeopleinasimpleway

B.exploitgulliblepeoplelikehim

C.satisfyademandthatalreadyexisted

D.providerelaxationfortiredyoungmen

问题4选项

A.Thecaféappealedtomostsensessimultaneously.

B.Thecaféwasbothfullofpeopleandfullofwarmth.

C.Theinsideofthecaféwascontrastedwiththeweatheroutside.

D.Itstressedthecommercialdeterminationofthecaféowners.

问题5选项

A.theentrancehalliscomparedtoarailwaystation

B.theorchestraiscomparedtoamagnet

C.Turgiswelcomedtheliftlikeaconqueringsoldier

D.theinteriorofthecaféiscomparedtowarmcountries

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。题干：“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”，代表着_________。由引号部分的内容，可以定位到文章第一段第三句话Itstoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas，theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization，perhapsanewbarbarism;andbehindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel,justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.（它像城堡一样高耸于其他建筑之上，确实是一个新时代的前哨，也许是一种新的文明，也许是一种新的野蛮；在薄大理石的后面是混凝土和钢铁，就像在奢侈的背后是数百万便士，平衡到最后的半便士。）。根据上下文，it指代的是上文的awhitepalace.“justas”引导一个比较状语从句，把“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”与“behindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny”进行比较。采用了象征的手法，“thinmarblefront”象征着外貌浮华，实则脆弱，“concreteandsteel”，象征着本质现实，与商业无差。所以我们可以得出选项A“奢华外表的背后是现代现实主义的商业主义”，符合题意。B选项“咖啡馆的风格和魅力存在一个基本的虚伪”和D选项“咖啡馆是基于物理基础和真实的经济实力”，都是在说咖啡馆的特征，故不符合题意。C选项“建筑师将新旧建筑材料合理地混合在一起”，此处不是在讲建筑材料，而是通过建筑材料引申出更深刻的含义，故C选项错误。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。

2.推理判断题。题干：以下单词除了______，都是在批判茶馆。A选项的单词可以定位到文章第一段第一、二句atea-shopthathadgonemadandturned.Babylonian,awhitepalacewithtenthousandlights.（一家已经疯了，变了样的茶馆。巴比伦，一座有万盏灯的白色宫殿），Babylonian用于限定茶馆，是一处用典，表示罪恶的、富丽的与critical意义一致，故排除A选项。B选项的单词可以定位到文章第一段第三句话Ittoweredabovetheotherbuildinglikeacitadel,whichindeeditwas,theoutpostofanewage,perhapsanewcivilization,perhapsanewbarbarism;（它像城堡一样高耸于其他建筑之上，确实是一个新时代的前哨，也许是一种新的文明，也许是一种新的野蛮），此处barbarism和civilization是对比关系，仅表达中性价值，故B选项错误。C选项的单词定位到文章第一段第四句Somewhereinthebackground,hiddenaway,behindthetenthousandlightsandacresofwhitenaperyandbewilderingglitteringrowsofteapots（在背后的某个地方，隐藏在万盏灯、大片的白色桌布和一排排令人眼花缭乱的闪闪发光的茶壶后面），此处体现了铺张浪费，表达作者的批评，故排除C选项。D选项的单词可以定位到文章第一段第三句话justasbehindthecarelessprofusionofluxuryweremillionsofpence,balancedtothelasthalfpenny.（就像在奢侈的背后是数百万便士，平衡到最后的半便士。），此处象征着奢华外表的背后是现代现实主义的商业主义，也是批判的含义，故排除。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。

3.事实细节题。题干：文中的“theplacewasbuiltforhim”意味着咖啡馆的目的是________。根据题干定位到第一段最后两句话Suchasthegigantictea-shopintowhichTurgismarched,insearchnotofmererefreshmentbutofalltheenchantmentofunfamiliarluxury.Perhapsheknewinhisheartthatmenhaveconqueredhalftheknownworld,lootedwholekingdoms,andneverarrivedinsuchluxury.Theplacewasbuiltforhim.（比如Turgis建造的巨大的茶馆，不仅仅是为了寻找茶点，而是为了寻找所有不熟悉的奢侈品的魅力。也许他心里知道，人类已经征服了半个已知的世界，掠夺了整个王国，却从未有过这样的奢侈。这地方是为他建造的），咖啡馆的性质是它富丽堂皇，铺张浪费如宫殿，商业性强。本文全文都是对他的批判。A选项“以简单的方式愉悦人们”，咖啡馆并不简单，而是奢侈，所以A选项不正确。B选项“利用像他这样容易上当的人”，符合题目对咖啡馆批判的性质，故B选项符合题意。C选项“满足已经存在的需求”，和D选项“为疲惫的年轻人提供放松”，在文中并未提及。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。

4.推理判断题。题干：以下关于第二段的陈述，不正确的是？文章第二段提到当走到咖啡馆内部时，分别从视觉，嗅觉，听觉的方面描述了内部的情景，所以A选项“咖啡馆同时吸引了大多数感官”，符合题意。B选项“咖啡馆既充满了人，又充满了温暖”，第二段并没有提及咖啡馆里面有没有人，而温暖也是由于其奢侈的装修带来的视觉感受，是一种讽刺，所以B选项不正确。第二段第三句话Thegloomandgrimeofthestreets,therawair,allNovember,wereatonceleftbehind,forgotten:theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery.（整个11月，街道上的阴暗、污浊和空气都立刻被抛在脑后，遗忘了。屋里的气氛是金黄的、热带的，像是糖果店的盛夏时节。），可知，C选项“咖啡馆的内部与外面的天气形成了鲜明的对比”，正确。通过第二段整个的描述，都是在说咖啡馆内部的奢华，故D选项“它强调了咖啡馆老板的商业决心”，也是正确的。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。

5.事实细节题。题干：以下是作者在第二段所做的类比，除了_________。由题干定位到文章第二段第一句话Itwasbuiltforagreatmanyotherpeopletoo,and,asusual,theywereallthere.Itseemedwithhumanity.Themarbleentrancehall,pileddizzilywithbonbonsandcakes,wasascrowdedandbustlingasarailwaystation.（它还为许多其他的人建造，像往常一样，他们都在那里。这似乎是人性的表现。大理石门厅里堆满了令人眼花缭乱的糖果和蛋糕，拥挤得像火车站一样。），可知A选项“入口大厅被比作一个火车站”，是作者做的比较，排除A选项。文章第二段第五句话whereanorchestra,ledbyayoungJewishviolinistwithwanderinglustrouseyesandapassionfortremoloeffects,actedasamagnettoathousandgirls（一个年轻的犹太小提琴家带领着一支管弦乐队，他有着明亮的眼睛，对颤音的热情，像磁铁一样吸引着无数女孩），可知B选项“管弦乐队被比作一块磁铁”，也是作者用的比喻，排除B选项。由文章第二段第四句话theatmosphereinsidewasgolden,tropical,belongingtosomehighmid-summerofconfectionery（里面的气氛是金黄色的，充满了热带气息，像是糖果店的盛夏时节），可知D选项“咖啡馆的内部被比作温暖的国家”，也是作者的比喻，故排除D选项。由第二段第五句话Disdainingthelifts,Turgis,oncemoreexcitedbythesight,sound,andsmellofitall,climbedthewidestaircaseuntilhereachedhisfavoritefloor（Turgis对电梯不屑一顾，他再一次为这一切的景象、声音和气味而兴奋，爬上宽大的楼梯，一直走到他最喜欢的楼层），可知B选项“Turgis像一名胜利的士兵一样欢迎电梯的到来”，不正确。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。

4.单选题

Everyoneknowsthatthespeedofanairplane___thatofaship.

问题1选项

A.transplants

B.transfers

C.transcends

D.transforms

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.transplants移植B.transfers转移

C.transcends胜过，超越D.transforms转换

【考查点】形近词辨析。

【解题思路】空格处的that指代的是speed，也就是说比较飞机与船的速度。C选项transcends“胜过，超越”符合句子逻辑。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】大家都知道飞机的速度快于轮船的速度。

5.单选题

11.

问题1选项

A.Thechemistryhomeworkisdifficult.

B.Thechemistryhomeworkisfun.

C.Themathhomeworkisdifficult.

D.Themathhomeworkisfun.

【答案】A

【解析】M:Catherine,howisthemathhomeworkcoming?

W:That’sapieceofcake.Butthechemistryhomeworkisreallyahardnuttocrack.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】对话中女士说数学作业apieceofcake，即“小菜一碟”，但是chemistryhomeworkisreallyahardnuttocrack，即化学作业非常棘手。

6.单选题

ToreturnGermanpropertytoGermanyiscertainlyjustand____.However,toclaimthatthepaintingsofRembrandandVermeerarepartofGermany’sculturalheritageoverstatesthematter.

问题1选项

A.decent

B.exhilarating

C.eruptive

D.combative

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.decent体面的；正派的B.exhilarating令人高兴或兴奋的

C.eruptive爆发的D.combative好战的

【答案】B

【考查点】修饰语与被修饰语的搭配

【解题思路】空格处所填的形容词修饰的是“把德国的财产还给德国”这件事，能修饰这件事的是B选项exhilarating“令人高兴或兴奋的”。

【干扰项排除】

A选项decent指人正直的、正派的，或人的行为举止得体的、体面的，或某物像样的、体面的，与被修饰语搭配不当；

C选项eruptive“爆发的”，与被修饰语搭配不当；

D选项combative“好战的”，与被修饰语搭配不当。

【句意】把德国的财产归还德国当然是公正的、令人高兴的。然而，声称伦勃朗（Rembrand）和维米尔（Vermeer）的画作是德国文化遗产的一部分，就言过其实了。

7.单选题

Bribery（）theconfidencethatmustexistbetweenbuyerandseller.

问题1选项

A.aggravates

B.deteriorates

C.corrodes

D.degenerates

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A:aggravates“加重，使恶化；使恼火”；B:deteriorates“恶化，变坏”；C:corrodes“（渐渐）损害；（一点一点地）损伤”；D:degenerates“使退化；恶化；使变质”。句意：贿赂伤害了买卖双方必须存在的信任。根据句意及动宾搭配可知C最合适。

8.单选题

We'veknownforalongtimeahigh-fatdiet,obesityandlackofexercisecanincreasetheriskofdevelopingheartdiseaseandtype2diabetes,twoconditionsaffectingmillionsofAmericans.Whatwearefindingoutnowisthosesamelifestylefactorsalsoplayanimportantroleincancer.That'sthebadnews.Thegoodnewsisyoucandosomethingaboutyourlifestyle.Ifwegrewthinner,exercisedregularly,avoideddietsrichinredmeatandatedietsrichinfruitsandvegetables,andstoppedusingtobacco,wewouldprevent70percentofallcancers.

Thestrongestevidenceoftheimportanceoflifestyleincancerismostcommoncancersariseatdramaticallydifferentratesindifferentpartsoftheglobe.SeveralcancersthatareextremelycommonintheUnitedStates—colon,prostateandbreastcancer—arerelativelyrareinotherpartsoftheworld,occurringonly1/10or1/20asoften.Equallystriking,whenpeoplemigratefromotherpartsoftheworldtotheUnitedStates,withinagenerationtheircancerratesapproachthoseofuswhosefamilieshavelivedinthiscountryforalongtime.Evenifpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldliveintheirowncountries,butadoptaU.S.lifestyle,theirriskofcancerrises;asJapanesehaveembracedWesternhabits,theirratesofcolon,breastandprostatecancerhaveskyrocketed.

Whatisitaboutourlifestylethatraisestheriskofmanytypesofcancer?ThemainculpritsseemtobetheWesterndiet,obesityandphysicalinactivity.Whilewe'veknownabouttheimportanceoftobaccoandcancerformorethan50years,wearejustbeginningtounderstandhowdiet,ahealthybodyweightandregularexercisecanprotectusagainstcancer.

AstrikingexampleoftheprofoundinfluenceofdietwasreportedlastsummerinTheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.Doctorsdeterminedtheeatinghabitsofpatientswithcoloncancerintheyearsfollowingsurgicalremovalofthecancer.Overthenextfiveyears,thosewhoateatraditionalWesterndiethadathreefoldgreaterlikelihoodofdevelopingarecurrenceofthediseasethandidthosewhoatea“prudent”dietrichinfruitsandvegetablesandincludingonlysmallamountsofredmeat.Howhaddietaffectedthesepatients?Thesurgeryclearlyhadnotremovedalltheircolon-cancercells:priortothesurgery,somecellshadalreadyspreadfromtheprimarytumor.TheWesterndiethadsomehowstimulatedthegrowthofthesesmalldepositsofresidualcancercells.

ObesityisthesecondmostimportantfactorincausingcancerinWesternpopulationsaftertobacco.Thereisevidencethatmaintainingahealthyweightisprotectiveagainstthedisease.AstudybytheAmericanCancerSocietyin2003foundtheheaviestpeople,incomparisonwiththeleanest,hadasignificantlyincreasedriskofdeathfrom10differentkindsofcancerinmen,and12differentkindsinwomen.Themostextremeexampleswerelivercancerinmenanduterinecancerinwomen.

1.AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

2.ThestrikingexampleinTheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationaimstoprove（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueastoparagraph5?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichonehasthehighestprobabilityinresultingincancer?

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.TherateofseveralextremelycommoncancersintheU.Sishigherby1/10or1/20.

B.Differentratesofmostcommoncancersindifferentregionsresultfromdifferentlifestyles.

C.PeoplewhomigratetotheUnitedStateshavehighcancerratesafterageneration.

D.Ifpeopleoutofthewesternworldstayathometheirriskorcancerwon’trise.

问题2选项

A.surgicalremovalisnotreliablebecauseitcouldnoteliminateallcancercellsofcoloncancer.

B.thefiveyearsfollowingsurgeiyisdangerousinthatthereismuchlikehoodtohaverecurrence.

C.TheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociationoftenreportsthelatestdiscoveryinscience.

D.Westerndiet,insomeuncertainway,excitesthegrowthofcancercellsafterthesurgery.

问题3选项

A.Accordingtoastudy,theheaviestpeoplearemostlikelytodieoflivercancer.

B.Theheaviestmenarelikelytodieofmorekindsofcancersthantheheaviestwomen.

C.Scientistspredictthattheheaviestpeoplearemorelikelytodieofcancers.

D.TobaccoisthemostimportantfactorincausingcancerinWesternpopulations.

问题4选项

A.Obesity,westerndietandhabitat.

B.Obesity,lackofexercisesandwesterndiet.

C.Obesity,lackofexercisesandtype2diabetes.

D.Westerndiet,lackofexercisesandheartdisease.

问题5选项

A.HowtoCureCancer

B.ObesityandCancer

C.DietandCancer

D.LifestyleandCancer

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据第二段可知下面哪个表述是正确的？”文章第二段第一句话提到“生活方式在癌症形成方面的重要性的最有力的证据是：大多数常见癌症在全球不同地区的发病率存在显著差异”（Thestrongestevidenceoftheimportanceoflifestyleincancerismostcommoncancersariseatdramaticallydifferentratesindifferentpartsoftheglobe），由此可知选项B“不同地区最常见癌症的不同发病率是由不同的生活方式引起的”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“《美国医学会杂志》上刊登的这个引人注目的例子是为了证明……”。文章第四段最后一句话提到“西方饮食以某种方式刺激了这些残留癌细胞的生长”（TheWesterndiethadsomehowstimulatedthegrowthofthesesmalldepositsofresidualcancercells），因此选项D符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪项表述是正确的？”文章第五段第一句话提到“在西方国家，肥胖是导致癌症的第二大因素，仅次于烟草”（TheWesterndiethadsomehowstimulatedthegrowthofthesesmalldepositsofresidualcancercells），因此可知烟草是致癌的最重要因素，选项D符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据这篇文章，哪一个最有可能导致癌症？”文章第一段提到“我们现在发现同样的生活方式因素在癌症中也起着重要的作用”（Whatwearefindingoutnowisthosesamelifestylefactorsalsoplayanimportantroleincancer），这些生活方式指得是ahigh-fatdiet,obesityandlackofexercise，因此选项B符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。题目问的是“最适合文章的标题是哪一项？”文章第一段提到高脂肪饮食、肥胖和缺乏锻炼这些生活方式在癌症的形成方面扮演一个重要的角色，随后的内容都是对此进行论述，由此可知整篇文章都是在讲述生活方式与癌症的关系，因此选项D符合题意。

9.单选题

Thenewsitemaboutthefireisfollowedbyadetailedreportmade（）.

问题1选项

A.onthelocation

B.onthesite

C.onthespot

D.ontheground

【答案】C

【解析】短语辨析。句意：火灾的新闻之后是一份详细的现场报告。因此选C。

10.单选题

Inasudden______ofanger,themantoreupeverythingwithinreach.

问题1选项

A.attack

B.burst

C.split

D.blast

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项attack“攻击；抨击；动手干”；B选项burst“爆炸；戳破；爆裂；（器官或血管）爆裂；装满；充满感情；突然爆发（某种感情）”；C选项split“分离；使分离；劈开；离开；分解”；D选项blast“爆炸；损害；使枯萎”。根据固定搭配inasuddenburstofanger“突然爆发的愤怒”可知句意为：那人勃然大怒，把伸手可及的一切东西都撕碎了。因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

）?

问题1选项

A.didn'tit

B.doesn'tthere

C.usedn'tit?

D.didn'tthere

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在这个停车场附近曾经有一个加油站，不是吗?

语法题。考查反义疑问。thereusedtobe句式的反义錠问句一般为“didn’tthere或usedn’tthere”。

12.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.

建设生态文明，是关系人民福祉、关于民族未来的长远大计。面对生态系统退化的严峻形势，我们必须树立尊重自然、保护自然的生态文明理念，把生态文明建设放在突出地位，融入经济建设、文化建设、社会建设各个方面和全过程，努力建设美丽中国，实现中华民族的永续发展。

【答案】Promotingecologicalprogressisalong-termtaskofvitalimportancetothepeople’swellbeingandChina’sfuture.Facedwithadeterioratingecosystem,wemustraiseourecologicalawarenessoftheneedtorespectandprotectnature.Wemustgivehighprioritytomakingecologicalprogressandincorporateitintoallaspectsandthewholeprocessofadvancingeconomic,cultural,andsocialprogress,workhardtobuildabeautifulcountry,andachievelastingandsustainabledevelopmentoftheChinesenation.

13.单选题

Letmestandinwithyouifit'sveryexpensive.

问题1选项

A.bargainforyou

B.borrowmoneyforyou

C.sharethecostwithyou

D.standonyourside

【答案】C

【解析】standinwith意为与……联合，同……分担。bargainforyou讨价还价；borrowmoneyforyou借钱；sharethecostwithyou一起承担；standonyourside站在你这边。选项C与之意思相近。

14.单选题

Inasocietythatplacesomuchemphasisto“makingit,”wefailtorecognizethatwhatlookslikefailuremay,inthelongrun,provebeneficial.

问题1选项

A.to

B.failtorecognize

C.what

D.inthelongrun

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。根据emphasis可知，placeemphasison为固定搭配，表示“重视，强调”。句意：在一个如此强调“成功”的社会里，我们没有意识到，从长远来看，看起来像是失败的东西可能是有益的。因此，该题选择A项。

15.单选题

Althoughmostdreamsapparentlyhappen

,dreamactivitymaybeprovokedbyexternalinfluences.

问题1选项

A.spontaneously

B.instantly

C.automatically

D.simultaneously

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。spontaneously“自发地；自然地”；instantly“立即地”；automatically“自动地”；simultaneously“同时地”。根据关键信息externalinfluence“外部影响”，可判断空格处应该填入一个与之相反的词，因此选项A符合题意。句意：虽然大多数梦都是自然发生，但是梦的活动可能由外部影响引起的。

16.单选题

TheCardinalandDanieldeBosolaenterfromtheright.Inappearance,theCardinalissomethingbetweenanElGrecocardinalandaVanDykenoblelord.Hehasthetall,spareform—theelongatedhandsandfeatures—oftheformer;thetrimpointedbeard,theimperialrepose,thecommandingauthorityofthelatter.ButtheElGrecofeaturesarenotreallythoseofasceticismorinnermysticspirituality.Theyaretheindextoacold,refinedbutruthlesscrueltyinahighlycivilizedcontrolledform.Neitheristheimperialreposeanaloofmoodofprouddetachment.Itisarefinedexpressionofasatanicprideofplaceandtalent.Toadegree,theCardinal’scoldnessisartificiallycultivated.HehasdefinedhimselfagainsthisyoungerbrothertheDukeandistheoppositetotheoverwroughtemotionalityofthelatter.ButtheCardinal’saloofmoodisnotoneofblanddetachment.Itisthedeliberatedetachmentofamethodicalmanwhocollectshisthoughtsandemotionsintothemostcompactandformidableshape―thatwhenhestrikes,hemaystrikewiththemoreefficientanddevastatingforce.Hiseasymovementsarethoseoftheslowlycirclingeaglejustbeforetheswiftdescentwiththeexposedtalons.Aboveallelse,heisamanwhoneverforamomentdoubtshisdestinedauthorityasagovernor.HederisivelyandsharplyrebukeshisbrothertheDukeaseasilyandreadilyashismistressJulia.IfhehasbetrayedBosola,heuseshisbrotherasthetooltorecoverhis“familiar.”Hiscourtdressisalongbrilliantscarletcardinal’sgownwithwhitecuffsandawhitecollarturnedbackoverthered,bothcollarandcuffsbeingelaboratelyscallopedandembroidered.Hewearsasmallcape,reachingonlytotheelbows.Hiscassockisbuttonedtotheground,givingaheightenedeffecttohisalreadytallpresence.Richelieuwouldhaveadoredhisneatlytrimmedbeard.Arichlyjeweledandornamentedcrossliesonhisbreast,suspendedfromhisneckbyagoldchain.BosolaistheRenaissance“familiar”dressedconventionallyinsomberblackwithawhitecollar.Hewearsachainabouthisneck,asuspendedornament,andasword.Althougha“bravo,”hemustnotbethoughtofasaleatherjacketed,heavy-bootedtough,squatandswarthy.Stilllessisheasneering,leering,melodramaticvillainoftheVictoriangaslighttradition.Likehisblack-and-whiteclothes,heisacolorfulcontradiction,ascholar-assassin,ahumanist-hangman;introvertedandintrospective,yetruthlessinaction;moodyandreluctant,yetviolent.Heisamanofscholarlytasteandsubtleintellectualdiscriminationdoingtheworkofahiredruffian.Ingeneraleffect,hisimpersonatormustachievesupplenessandsubtletyofnature,ahighlycomplex,compressed,yetwellrestrainedintensityoftemperament.LikeDukeFerdinand,heisinwardlytormented,butnotbyundilutedpassion.Hisdominantemotionisanintellectualizedone:thatofdisgustataworldfilledwithknaveryandfolly,butinwhichhemustplayapartandthatalowly,despicableone.HeisthekindofraritythatBrowninglovedtodepictinhisRenaissancemonologues.

1.TheactorportrayingBosolamustdepictthecharacter（

）.

2.Thewriterofthispassageassumesthatthereaderis

（

）.

3.ThereferencetoBrowninginthelastsentenceisintendedtocompare

（

）.

4.InhisdescriptionofBosola,theauthorofthispassagemakesextensiveuseofthedeviceof（

）.

问题1选项

A.asahighlycivilizedindividual

B.asasneeringvillain

C.asacomplicatedyetrestrainedindividual

D.withsubtletyandintensity

问题2选项

A.familiarwithRenaissancepoetry

B.disgustedwithaworldfilledwithknaveryandfolly

C.familiarwiththepaintingsofElGreco

D.familiarwiththewritingsofVanDykeandElGreco

问题3选项

A.BosolawithDukeFerdinand

B.BosolawithaBrowningcharacter

C.DukeFerdinandwithBosola

D.BosolawithBrowning

问题4选项

A.metaphor

B.onomatopoeia

C.exaggeration

D.paradox

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文中“Ingeneraleffect,hisimpersonatormustachievesupplenessandsubtletyofnature,ahighlycomplex,compressed,yetwellrestrainedintensityoftemperament.总的来说，他的模仿者必须达到自然的柔美和微妙，一种高度复杂、紧凑而又克制得很好的气质。”可知与C项相符。

2.判断推理题。由文中“Inappearance,theCardinalissomethingbetweenanElGrecocardinalandaVanDykenoblelord.在外观上，红衣主教之间是埃尔•格列柯红衣主教和范戴克高贵的主。”可知作者认为读者熟悉EIGreco和VanDyke的画像。故C项正确。

3.判断推理题。由“HeisthekindofraritythatBrowninglovedtodepictinhisRenaissancemonologues.他是那种布朗宁喜欢在他的文艺复兴独白中描述的罕见人物”。可知该句中Bosola和Browning笔下所描写的人物进行对比。故B项正确，

4.判断推理题。Metaphor暗喻；onomatopoeia拟声；exaggeration夸张；paradox悖论。

由文中“Likehisblack-and-whiteclothes,heisacolorfulcontradiction,ascholar-assassin,ahumanist-hangman...就像他的黑白衣服一样，Bosola是一种有趣的自相矛盾，他是学者的杀手、人文主义者的刽子手······”可知A项正确。

17.单选题

Ifwe（

）ourrelationswiththatcountry,we’llhavetofindanothersupplierofrawmaterials.

问题1选项

A.diffuse

B.diminish

C.terminate

D.preclude

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。diffuse“扩散”；diminish“减少”；terminate“使终止，使结束”；preclude“排除，妨碍”。句意：如果我们结束与那个国家的关系，我们必须寻找其他原材料提供国。选项C符合题意。

18.单选题

Theserviceoperates15librariesthroughoutthecountry,whilesix（）librariesspeciallyservethecountryside.

问题1选项

A.mobile

B.drifting

C.shifting

D.rotating

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项mobile“可移动的，易变的”；B选项drifting“漂流的；飘动的”，一般是指由风或者水飘动着；C选项shifting“不断移动的，不断变化的”，也可以变换形态；D选项rotating“旋转的”。句意：这项服务管理全国15所图书馆，其中6所……图书馆专为农村地区服务。这里的形容词修饰的是后面的libraries图书馆。移动图书馆有专业术语为mobilelibrary，因此A选项符合题意。

19.单选题

Nearlyeverybodycheats,butusuallyonlyalittle.ThatisoneofthethemesinDnanelAriely’snewbook“the(Honest)TruthAboutDishonesty”.Mostofusthinkweareverywonderful.Wecancheatatalittleandstillkeepthat“goodparson”identity.

Ariely,whoisoneofthemostcreativesocialscientistsontheplanet,hadoneblindcolleagueandonesightedcolleaguetakerides.Thedriverscheatedthesightedcolleaguebytakinglongroutesmuchmoreoftenthantheycheatedtheblindone,eventhoughshewouldhavebeeneasiertomislead.Theywouldhavefeltguiltycheatingablindwoman.Arielypointsoutthatwearedrivenbymoralitymuchmorethanstandardeconomicmodelsallow.ButIwasstruckbywhatyoumightcallthegoodpersonconstructandthemoralcalculusitimplies.Forthepastseveralcenturies,mostwesternerswouldhaveidentifiedthemselvesfundamentallyasdepravedsinners.Inthisconstruct,sinissomethingyoufightlikearecurringcancer―partofadailybattleagainstevil.

Butthesedays,peoplearemorelikelytobelieveintheiressentialgoodness.Peoplewholivebythegoodpersonconstructtrytobalancetheirvirtuousself-imagewiththeirselfishdesires.Theytrytomanagethemoralplusesandminusesandkeeptheiroverallrecordinpositiveterrito