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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广西中远职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Itwas()thattherestaurantdiscriminatedagainstblackcustomers.

问题1选项

A.addicted

B.alleged

C.assaulted

D.ascribed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项addict“使沉迷,使上瘾”,B项allege“宣称,断言”,C项assault“攻击,袭击”,D项ascribe“归因于,归咎于”。根据后面的句子therestaurantdiscriminatedagainstblackcustomers(这家餐馆歧视黑人顾客),结合前面的itbe…that句型,空格部分应该表示“据说,据宣称”。句意:据说那家餐馆歧视黑人顾客。故该题选择B项正确。

2.翻译题

2013年12月份以来,中国25个省份、100多座大中城市再次遭遇雾霾侵袭。北京、上海、南京等相继沦陷为雾霾重灾区,湖北、浙江、湖南、江苏、安徽等地雾霾天创下历史纪录。国家气象局数据显示,今年以来中国平均雾霾天数已经创出52年来之最。

虽然政府部门采取了工业企业关停减产的措施应对雾霾肆虐,但收效甚微,雾霾正在对人们的生活产生越来越多的负面效应:学校停课、汽车限行、高速封闭。而更让有关部门尴尬的是,制造出雾霾的空气污染物来源,目前仍然是一个谜。

自京津冀频繁发生雾霾起,几年过去了,对于其形成的具体原因暂无定论。大多数的专家给出答案,重污染天气形成的主要原因有二:污染物排放总量过大和不利气象条件。具体看来,长三角周边更多为化工、水泥等企业,其工业废气组成更为复杂。

当然,问题的复杂性从来不是延缓解决方案的借口。在历经了京津冀地区的雾霾恐慌后,今年9月国务院出台了《大气污染防治行动计划》,涉及包括京津冀、长三角和珠三角在内的重点控制区的水泥、化工等六大重污染行业以及燃煤工业锅炉的新建项目。从目前学界的研究来看,PM2.5的治理绝非易事。这样的长期计划要先布局,再行动,最后是对企业发力。类比国外相关案例,二十世纪四五十年代,无论是洛杉矶雾霾爆发还是伦敦雾霾事件,最后都是在政府和企业合力后,达成协议,最后以《清洁空气法》等法案的形式完成监督。

【答案】SinceDecember2013,25provincesandmorethan100largeandmedium-sizedcitiesofChinaonceagain

havehithaze.CitieslikeBeijing,Shanghai,Nanjingareshroudedbytheheavyhaze.Thedurationofthefog

daysofHubei,Zhejiang,Hunan,Jiangsu,Anhuihitsthehistoricalrecord.Accordingtothedatafromthe

NationalWeatherBureau,sofarthisyear’saveragenumberofdayswithhazehasalreadyexceededthepast

highestrecordintheprevious52years.

Inordertocopewiththeissuehazecaused,governmenthadtookactionssuchasclosingdownindustries

anddecreasingenterprisesyield,butwithlittleeffect.Hazehasmoreandmorenegativeeffectsonpeople’s

lives:classsuspension,expresswayclosureandcarrestrictions.Whatmadetheauthoritiesmoreembarrassed

isthatthesourcesproducingtheairpollutantofthehazeisstillamystery.

IthasbeenseveralyearssincetheBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregionswerehitbyfoghaze.Butnoconclusion

forthespecificcausesofitsformationhasbeenreached.Mostoftheexpertsbelievethattwomainreasons

attributetotheheavypollutionweather:excessivedischargeofpollutantsandadverseweatherconditions.

Specifically,theYangtzeRiverdeltaismainlysurroundedbychemicalindustry,cementplantsandother

enterprises.Thechemicalcompositionofindustrialwastegasismorecomplex.

Ofcourse,thecomplexityoftheproblemwillneverbetheexcusefordelayingthesolutiontoproblems.

AfterbeinghorrifiedbythehazeofBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregion,inthisSeptemberStateCouncilissued“Air

PollutionPreventionandControlActionPlan”whichaimsatcomprehensivelycontrollingthesixheavy

pollutionindustriessuchascementandchemicalindustryinthekeycontrolledregionsincludingBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei,YangtzeRiverDeltaandPearlRiverDelta,andatnewprojectsofcoal-firedboilers.

Accordingtothecurrentacademicresearch,it’snoteasytoharnessPM2.5.Tofulfillsuchlong-term

plan,firstofallweshouldmakearrangement,thentakeeffectiveaction,andfinallyexertforceson

industries.

Byanalogywithrelatedcasesabroadinthe40sand50soflastcentury,wefoundthat,whetheritisLos

AngeleshazeburstorLondonhazeevent,thesupervisionwasfinallycarriedonintheformoftheCleanAir

Actwithanagreementandunitedeffortofgovernmentandenterprises.

3.单选题

AProfessorstoodbeforehisphilosophyclassandhadsomeitemsinfrontofhim.Whentheclassbegan,wordlessly,hepickedupaverylargeandemptymayonnaisejarandproceededtofillitwithgolfballs.Hethenaskedthestudentsifthejarwasfull.Theyagreedthatitwas.

SotheProfessorthenpickedupaboxofpebblesandpouredthemintothejar.Heshookthejarlightly.Thepebblesrolledintotheopenareasbetweenthegolfballs.Hethenaskedthestudentsagainifthejarwasfull.Theyagreeditwas.

TheProfessornextpickedupaboxofsandandpoureditintothejar.Ofcourse,thesandfilledupeverythingelse.Heaskedoncemoreifthejarwasfull.Thestudentsrespondedwithaunanimous"Yes".

TheProfessorthenproducedtwocansofbeerfromunderthetableandpouredtheentirecontentsintothejar,effectivelyfillingtheemptyspacebetweenthesand.Thestudentslaughed.

“Now,”saidtheProfessor,asthelaughtersubsided,“Iwantyoutorecognizethatthisjarrepresentsyourlife.”

Thegolfballsaretheimportantthings—yourfamily,yourchildren,yourhealth,yourfriends,yourfavoritepassions―thingsthatifeverythingelsewaslostandonlytheyremained,yourlifewouldstillbefull.

Thepebblesaretheotherthingsthatmatterlikeyourjob,yourhouse,yourcar.Thesandiseverythingelse—thesmallstuff."

“Ifyouputthesandintothejarfirst”,hecontinued,"thereisnoroomforthepebblesorthegolfballs.Thesamegoesforlife.Ifyouspendallyourtimeandenergyonthesmallstuff,youwillneverhaveroomforthethingsthatareimportanttoyou.Payattentiontothethingsthatarecriticaltoyourhappiness.Playwithyourchildren.Taketimetogetmedicalcheckups.Takeyourpartnerouttodinner.Playanother18.Therewillalwaysbetimetocleanthehouse,andfixthedisposal.Takecareofthegolfballsfirst,thethingsthatreallymatter.Setyourpriorities.Therestisjustsand."

Whenhehadfinished,therewasaprofoundsilence.Thenoneofthestudentsraisedherhandandwithapuzzledexpression,inquiredwhatwasthebeerrepresented.

TheProfessorsmiled."I’mgladyouasked.Itjustgoestoshowyouthatnomatterhowfullyourlifemayseem,there'salwaysroomforacoupleofbeers."

Lesson:Whenthingsinyourlifeseemalmosttoomuchtohandle,when24hoursinadayarenotenough,rememberthemayonnaisejar...andthebeer.

1.Theprofessorillustratedhispointby()

.

2.Whentheprofessorpouredthebeerintothejar,thestudentsmostprobablywouldnot().

3.Theauthortendstocomparehousecleaningto(

).

4.Theprofessoremployedthebeertosignify().

5.Bywritingthestory,theauthorintendstobe().

问题1选项

A.analogy

B.exemplifying

C.punning

D.personification

问题2选项

A.finditunexpected

B.beamazedbyhim

C.appreciatehiswisdom

D.understandhisintension

问题3选项

A.thegolfballs

B.thepebbles

C.thesand

D.thebeer

问题4选项

A.trickstomakelifemorebeautiful

B.relaxationnomatterhowfulllifeis

C.thingsthatareunnecessaryforlife

D.thatwecanalwaysfindleisuretime

问题5选项

A.philosophical

B.enlightening

C.encouraging

D.informative

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.判断推理题。A项“类比”;B项“举例;例示”;C项“双关”;D项“拟人法”。短文第六段“Thegolfballsaretheimportantthings—yourfamily,yourchildren,yourhealth,yourfriends…”高尔夫球好比我们生活中重要的东西——家庭、孩子、健康、朋友…”以及第七段“Thepebblesaretheotherthingsthatmatterlikeyourjob,yourhouse,yourcar…”鹅卵石好比其他重要的东西——工作、房子、车子…作者运用一系列类比,故选A。

2.判断推理题。A项“觉得意外”;B项“感到吃惊”;C项“欣赏他的智慧”;D项“理解他的意图”。注意题干要求“当教授将啤酒倾倒进蛋黄酱罐子,学生们最不可能会…”。短文第五段中教授说“我想你们认识到这个蛋黄酱罐代表你们的生活”可推知“学生们不可能明白教授将啤酒倾倒进蛋黄酱罐子的意图”;从学生们对于教授几次将不同东西填充到罐子中的反应可以推断出学生们“意外、吃惊、欣赏教授的智慧”,故选D项。

3.事实细节题。A项“高尔夫球”指“生活中重要的东西——家庭、孩子、健康、朋友及喜好”;B项“鹅卵石”指代“工作、房子和汽车”;C项“沙子”指“生活中其他一切琐事”;D项“啤酒”指代“生活中的休闲”。短文第八段第一句“如果你先用沙子将蛋黄酱罐子装满,那么里面就没有放鹅卵石和高尔夫球的空间”以及第八段中“Therewillalwaysbetimetocleanthehouse,andfixthedisposal.打扫房间和处理废物的时间总是有的”等细节可知作者将打扫房间比作沙子,故选C。

4.判断推理题。A.项“让生活变得更美好的小窍门”;B项“不管生活多满也要放松”;C项“生活中不必要的事情”;D项“我们总能找到闲暇的时间”。短文倒数第二段“...nomatterhowfullyourlifemayseem,there'salwaysroomforacoupleofbeers.不管你的生活看起来多满(即忙碌);总会有喝杯啤酒的时间”可推断出“教授用啤酒暗示我们总能找到闲暇的时间”,故选D。

5.判断推理题。A项“哲学的”;B项“使人启发的”;C项“鼓励的”;D项“提供有用信息的;使人增进知识的”。由最后一段“教训:当生活中的事情多到似乎无法掌控时,当一天24小时都不够用时,请记住蛋黄酱罐子…和啤酒”可推断出作者写这个故事是为了启发人们,让人们懂得把最重要的事情放在首位,而小事情总能找到时间来做,故选B。

4.写作题

Directions:Writeanessayinnolessthan250words.

1.盗版现象日益严重

2.盗版造成的后果

3.我对抵制盗版问题的看法

【答案】【参考范文】

TheProblemofPiracy5.单选题

Itisapparentthatwinningthescholarshipis()ofone’sintelligenceinthefieldofphysics.

问题1选项

A.parallelism

B.alliteration

C.testimony

D.rhythm

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析。parallelism平行,对应;alliteration头韵;testimony证词,证明;rhythm节奏,韵律。句意:获得奖学金应该是一个人智力的。故C项符合句意。

6.翻译题

Indubitablythevastmajorityofbooksoverlaponeanother.Fewindeedarethosewhichgivetheimpressionoforiginality,eitherinstyleorincontent.Rarearetheuniquebooks—lessthan50,perhaps,outofthewholestorehouseofliterature.Inoneofhisrecentauto-biographicalnovels,BlaiseCendrarspointsoutthatRemydeGourmont,becauseofhisknowledgeandawarenessofthisrepetitivequalityinbooks,wasabletoselectandreadallthatisworthwhileintheentirerealmofliterature.Cendrarshimself—whowouldsuspectit?—isaprodigiousreader.Hereadsmostauthorsintheiroriginaltongue.Notonlythat,butwhenhelikesanauthorhereadseverylastbookthemanhaswritten,aswellashislettersandallthebooksthathavebeenwrittenabouthim.Inourdayhiscaseisalmostunparalleled,Iimagine.For,notonlyhashereadwidelyanddeeply,buthehashimselfwrittenagreatmanybooks.Allontheside,asitwere.For,ifheisanything,Cendrars,heisamanofaction,anadventurerandexplorer,amanwhohasknownhowto“waste”histimeroyally.Heis,inasense,theJuliusCaesarofliterature.

【答案】不容置疑的是,大多数书都互相重复,在文体或内容上让人感到具有独创性的书实在是少之又少。在整个文学库藏中,只有极少数作品——或许不到50本——是独具一格的。在最近出版的一部自传体小说中,布莱斯•桑德拉尔指出,古尔蒙之所以能够选择并通读文学领域中一切值得读的书籍,就是因为他知识渊博,并且了解书的这种重复性。桑德拉尔本人就是一个博览群书的人,没有人会怀疑这一点。他阅读了大部分作家的原作。不仅如此,一旦他喜欢上一个作家,他就会阅读这个作家写的每一本书,包括他的书信以及所有有关他的书籍。我猜想,在当今世界上,几乎没有人能像他一样,不仅读得广、读得精,而且还著述颇丰。可以说这一切都是在业余时间完成的。因为桑德拉尔是一个十足的行动家,一个四处跋涉的冒险家和探险家,一个懂得如何“肆意浪费”时间的人。从某种意义上说,他是文学界的凯撒大帝。

7.翻译题

ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoChinese.

Whentheobjectsofaninquiry,inanydepartment,haveprinciples,causes,orelements,itisthroughacquaintancewiththesethatknowledgeandunderstandingisattained.Forwedonotthinkthatweknowathinguntilweareacquaintedwithitsprimarycausesorfirstprinciples,andhavecarriedouranalysisasfarasitselements.Plainly,therefore,inthescienceofnaturetooourfirsttaskwillbetotrytodeterminewhatrelatestoitsprinciples.Thenaturalwayofdoingthisistostartfromthethingswhicharemoreknowableandcleartousandproceedtowardsthosewhichareclearerandmoreknowablebynature,forthesamethingsarenotknowablerelativelytousandknowablewithoutqualification.Sowemustfollowthismethodandadvancefromwhatismoreobscurebynature,butclearertous,towardswhatisclearerandmoreknowablebynature.Nowwhatistousplainandclearatfirstisratherconfusedmasses,theelementsandprinciplesofwhichbecomeknowntouslaterbyanalysis.

【答案】在任何领域,当研究对象有其存在的原理、因素或元素时,只有通过了解这些事物,才能获得知识和理解。因为只有当我们知道某事物的主要成因或基本原理,并对其组成元素进行进一步分析时,我们才可以称我们了解该事物。因此,很明显,在自然科学中,我们的首要任务将是设法确定各原理之间的联系。这样做的自然方式是从对我们来说更清晰易知的事物开始,然后延伸至本质上更加清晰易知的事物,因为对我们来说,同样事物的可知性并不是相当的,并且也不是没有限制的。因此,我们必须遵循这一方法,从本质上模糊但对自己来说更加清楚的事物,发展到本质上既清晰又易知的事物中去。现在对我们来说,最简单明了的事物对大众来说是十分疑惑,其要素和原理可以通过后期的分析而为人们所了解。

8.单选题

Theirfindingsareconsistentwithsomeoftheestablishedtheoriesonlongevity.

问题1选项

A.compatible

B.coherent

C.compact

D.competent

【答案】B

【解析】考查近义词辨析。consistent表示“一致的”。A项compatible“兼容的,能共处的”,B项coherent“连贯的,一致的”,C项compact“紧凑的,坚实的”,D项competent“胜任的,有能力的”;句意:他们的发现与一些关于长寿的既定理论相一致。根据句意该题选B。

9.单选题

Itisdoubtfulthatshehas()theroleofthePrimeMinisterinBritishpolitics.

问题1选项

A.Transplanted

B.transferred

C.transported

D.transformed

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项transplanted“移植;转移”,B选项transferred“转让;转接;移交”,C选项transported“运输;流放”,D选项transformed“改变(尤指角色),使……变形”;题干:她是否()英国政坛首相的角色令人怀疑。根据剩下的题意可以判断指她是否改变了英国政治中首相的角色值得怀疑。

10.单选题

Researchfindingsshowwespendabouttwohoursdreamingeverynight,nomatterwhatwe(

)duringtheday.

问题1选项

A.shouldhavedone

B.mayhavedone

C.wouldhavedone

D.musthavedone

【答案】B

【解析】句意:研究表明,无论白天做了什么,我们每晚睡觉时都会有两个小时的时间在做梦。

语法题。考查情态动词+havedone。shouldhavedone表示“本该发生而实际上未发生”;mayhavedone表示“对过去发生的行为的一种推测”;wouldhavedone表示“本来会做某事,但实际没有做成”;musthavedone表示“对过去事情的肯定推测”。故选B。

11.单选题

Justinwasalwaysprepared.Hismottowas“Neverthrowanythingout:youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy”.Hisbedroomwassofullofflatbicycletires,benttennisrackets.Deflatedbasketballs,andgameswithmissingpiecesthatyoucouldbarelygetinthedoor.Hisparentspleadedwithhimtocleanouthisroom.

“Whatuseisafishtankwithaholeinthebottom?”hisfatherasked.ButJustinsimplysmiledandrepeatedhismotto,“Neverthrowanythingout,youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy.”

WhenJustinwasawayfromhome,healwayscarriedhisbluebackpack.Helikedtothinkofitasasmallerversionofhisbedroom-aplacetostorethemanyobjectsthathecollected.Itwassowornandstretchedthatithardlyresembledabackpackanymore.Itwasfullofthekindofthingsthatseemedunimportant,butwhenusedwithalittleimagination,mightcomeinhandy.

Justinhadearnedareputationforfiguringthingsoutandgettingpeopleoutofotherwisehopelesssituations.Manyofhisclassmatesandneighborssoughthimoutwhentheyneededhelpwithaproblem.Onthefirstdayofschool,hisfriendKenny,camelookingforJustin.

“Doyouthinkyouhavesomethinginyourbagthatcouldhelpmeremembermylockercombination?”heasked.“Ilostthescrapofpaperitwaswrittenon.IhavescienceclassintwominutesandifI’mlateonthefirstdayit’llmakemelookbadfortherestoftheyear.”Kennylookedgenuinelyworried.

“Relax”,Justinsaid,takinghisbackpackoffandunzippingthetop.“Rememberhowyouborrowedmynotebookinhomeroomtowritethecombinationdown?Well.Iknowhowwecanrecoverwhatyouwrote.”

Hetookthenotebookandasoftleadpenciloutofhisbag.ThepagethatKennyhadwrittenonhadleftfaintindentationsonanotherpageinthenotebook.Justinheldthepencilonitssideandrubbeditlightlyovertheindentations.Slowlybutsurelythenumbersofthelockercombinationappearedinwhite,setoffbythegraypencilrubbings.

“That’samazing!”Kennysaid.“Ioweyouone.”Andhedashedofftoopenhislocker.

1.WhyisJustin’sroomsuchamess?

2.Theword“pleaded”inParagraph1canbestbereplaceby

).

3.InwhatwayisJustin’sbackpackasmallerversionofhisbedroom?

4.HowdoesJustinhelphisfriends?

5.HowcomeJustincouldhelpKennyrecoverhislockercombination?

问题1选项

A.Healwaysforgetstoclean.

B.Heneverthrowsanythingaway.

C.Hehasnotimetoclean.

D.Hesharesaroomwithhisbrother.

问题2选项

A.ignored

B.asked

C.pushed

D.begged

问题3选项

A.Heusesitasaplacetostoreobjects.

B.Heusesittocarryhisbooksandsportsequipment.

C.Hisparentstellhimtocleanitallthetime.

D.He’shadforaslongashecanremember.

问题4选项

A.Heoffersthemadvices.

B.Heloansthemhisbackpack.

C.Helistenstotheirproblem.

D.Heusedtheobjectsinhisbackpack.

问题5选项

A.JustinrememberedKenny’slockercombination.

B.KennyhadleftthescrapofpaperinJustin’sbackpack.

C.KennyhadleftindentationsofthecombinationonJustin’snotebook.

D.Justinfoundthescrapofpaperthelockercombinationwaswrittenon.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。问:为什么Justin的房间很乱,定位到文章第一段第二句Hismottowas“Neverthrowanythingout,youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy”.Hisbedroomwassofullof…(他的座右铭是“永远不要扔掉任何东西,你永远不知道它什么时候会派上用场”。他的卧室里满是……)可知原因是B“他从不扔掉任何东西”。A项“他总是忘记打扫”,C项“没有时间打扫”,D项“他和他弟弟共享一个房间”,文中均未体现。

2.语义推测题。plead“恳求,乞求”;只有D项“恳求,乞求”与之意思相同,此外根据文章第一段所讲内容,可以知道他的父母是恳求他清理房间,所以此处的pleaded可以用begged代替。A项“忽视”;B项“询问;请求”;C项“推”均不符合。

3.细节事实题。题目问题:Justin的背包以何种方式被看作是房间的缩小版。定位到文章第三段第二句Helikedtothinkofitasasmallerversionofhisbedroom-aplacetostorethemanyobjectsthathecollected.(他喜欢把它想象成卧室的缩小版——一个存放他收集的许多物品的地方)可知答案为A“他把它当作存放物品的地方”。B项“他用它来装书和运动器材”,文章未提及;C项“他父母叫他一直打扫”和D项“从他记事起他就一直带着这个”,均不符合题意。

4.细节事实题。问题:Justin是怎样帮助他的朋友的。定位到文章第七段第一句“Hetookthenotebookandasoftleadpenciloutofhisbag…”(他从包里拿出笔记本和一支软铅笔……)可知他是用他包里的一些东西来帮助他的朋友,因此D“他用了包里的东西”为正确答案。A项“他给了建议”和B项“他把他的包借给了他们”,文中并未提及;C项“他倾听了他们的问题”,文中他不仅仅倾听了他们的问题,而且用行动帮助了他们,故C项错误。

5.细节事实题。定位到文章倒数第二段最后三句ThepagethatKennyhadwrittenonhadleftfaintindentationsonanotherpageinthenotebook…Slowlybutsurelythenumbersofthelockercombinationappearedinwhite…(Kenny写的那一页在笔记本的另一页上留下了模糊的凹痕……储物柜组合的数字慢慢地但肯定地以白色出现)可知答案为C“肯尼在贾斯汀的笔记本上留下了这个组合的凹痕”。A项“贾斯汀记得肯尼的储物柜密码组合”,B项“肯尼把纸片留在了贾斯汀的背包里”,D项“贾斯汀找到了写着储物柜密码的纸片”,均不符合文意。

12.翻译题

1.HalfwaythroughthesemesterinhismarketresearchcourseatRoanokeCollegelastfall,onlymomentsafterannouncingapolicyofzerotoleranceforcellphoneuseintheclassroom,Prof.AliNazemiheardaring.ThenhespottedayoungmannamedNeilNolandfumblingwithhisphone,tryingtoturnitoffbeforebeingcaught.

“Neil,canIseethatphone?”ProfessorNazemisaid,moreinacommandthanaquestion.Thestudentsurrenderedit.ProfessorNazemiopenedhisbriefcase,producedahammerandproceededtosmashtheoffendingdevice.Throughouttheclassroom,studentfaceswentashen.

“HowamIgoingtocallmyMomnow?”Neilasked.AsProfessorNazemirefusedtoanswer,aclassmateoffered,“Dude,youcansue.”

2.Onethingweshouldbeclearaboutwastheepisodeinhisclassroomhadbeenplottedandscriptedaheadoftime,withNeilNolandpartoftheplotallalong.Thephonewasanextraofhismother’s,itsservicecontractlongexpired.

ProfessorNazemi,inatelephoneinterviewlastweek,attestedtotheexasperationofcountlessteachersandprofessorsinthecomputerera.Theirpermanentwarofattritionwithdefiantlyinattentivestudentshasescalatedfromthepursuitofpigtail-pulling,spitball-lobbingandnotebook-doodlingtoahigh-techarsenaloflaptops,cellphonesBlackberriesandthelike.

Thepoorschoolteacherormasterormasternowmustcompetewithtexting,instant-messaging,Facebook,eBay,YouTube,Addictinggames.Cornandotherpoxes(瘟疫,灾难)onpedagogy.

“Therearecertainlinesyoushouldn’tcross,”theprofessorsaid.Ifyoustarttoleratingthisstuff,itbecomesthenorm.“Themoreyougive,themoretheytake.Multitaskingisgood,butIwantthemtodomoretaskinginmyclass.”

3.Alltheadvancesschoolsandcollegeshavemadetosupposedlyenhancelearning—supplyingstudentswithlaptops,equippingcomputerlabs,creatingwirelessnetworks—haveinsteadenableddistraction.Perhapsattendancerecordsshouldincludeanewcategory:presentbutotherwiseengaged.

4.“Iamsotiredofthatexcuse,”saidProfessorBugeja,mayhelivealongandfruitfullife.Theideathatsubjectmatterisboringistrulyrelative.Boringasopposedtowhat?BuyingshoesoneBay?Thefactis,we’renotheretoentertain.Weareheretostimulatethelifeofthemind.”

“Educationrequirescontemplation,”hecontinued.“Itrequirescriticalthinking.Whatwemaybedoingnowistrainingagenerationofair-trafficcontrollersratherthanscholars.AndIdoknowI,mgoingtolose.”

Not,onecanonlyhope,withoutfight.

Intheend,asscience-fictionwritershaveprophesiedforyears,thetechnologyisboundtooutwitthefalliblehuman.Whatteacherorprofessorcanpossiblypolicearoomfullofdeterminedgoof-offs(游手好闲者)whilealsodeliveringanengaginglesson?

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】(1)去年秋季,罗诺克学院的市场调研课业已过半。一天,阿里•纳齐米教授宣布课堂上对手机实行零容忍的政策。话音刚落,他就听到了手机的铃声。

(2)我们需要明白的一点是,课堂上的这段插曲事先经过策划并被写成剧本。尼尔•诺兰德始终介入了这个秘密计划。被砸的是他母亲闲置的一部手机,手机的服务合同早已满期了。

(3)所有的中学和大学都为学生提供了笔记本电脑,配备了计算机实验室,构建了无线网络,所有这些进步原本是为了促进学习,结果反而分散了学生的注意力。或许,记录学生的考勤时,应该再加上一栏:到课但未听课。

(4)“这种托辞我都听腻了,”也许会长寿且成果丰硕的布赫雅教授说,“关于课上讲授内容乏味的看法真的是相对的。相比什么它显得枯燥无味呢?到易贝网上买鞋?事实上,我们来这里不是为了玩乐,而是为了提高精神境界。”

13.单选题

Parksandopenspacesareessentialtothequalityoflifeindense(

)areassuchasNewYorkCity.

问题1选项

A.agricultural

B.rural

C.suburban

D.urban

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析题。agricultural农业的;rural乡村的;suburban郊区的;.urban城市的。

句意:公园和空地对于像纽约这样人口密集的城市地区的生活质量来说是必不可少的。选项D符合语境。

14.单选题

Excuseme,butitistimetohaveyourtemperature(

).

问题1选项

A.take

B.taking

C.totake

D.taken

【答案】D

【解析】句意:打扰一下,该量体温了。

语法题。考查宾语补足语。题干考查“使役动词have+宾语yourtemperature+宾语补足语”结构,此处的宾语temperature和宾语补足语take之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词taken。

15.单选题

Bothsidesattheconflicthaveagreedtemporarilyto()hostilities.

问题1选项

A.suspend

B.reconcile

C.compromise

D.negotiate

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。Suspend"延缓,推迟";reconcile"使一致,使和解";compromise"妥协,和解";negotiate"谈判,交涉"。句意:冲突双方已同意暂时停止敌对行动。选项A符合句意。

16.不定项选择题

ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.Smallwonder.Americans’lifeexpectancyhasnearlydoubledoverthepastcentury.Failinghipscanbereplaced,clinicaldepressioncontrolled,cataractsremovedina30-minutesurgicalprocedure.SuchadvancesoffertheagingpopulationaqualityoflifethatwasunimaginablewhenIenteredmedicine50yearsago.Butnotevenagreathealth-caresystemcancuredeath—andourfailuretoconfrontthatrealitynowthreatensthisgreatnessofours.Deathisnormal:wearegeneticallyprogrammedtodisintegrateandperish,evenunderidealconditions.Weallunderstandthatatsomelevel,yetasmedicalconsumerswetreatdeathasaproblemtobesolved.Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physicians-frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient—toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.

In1950,theUSspent$12.7billiononhealthcare.In2002,thecostwillbe$1540billion.Anyonecanseethistrendisunsustainable.Yetfewseemwillingtotrytoreverseit.Somescholarsconcludethatagovernmentwithfiniteresourcesshouldsimplystoppayingformedicalcarethatsustainslifebeyondacertainage—say83orso.FormerColoradogovernorRichardLammhasbeenquotedassayingthattheoldandinfirm“haveadutytodieandgetoutoftheway”,sothatyounger,healthierpeoplecanrealizetheirpotential.

Iwouldnotgothatfar.Energeticpeoplenowroutinelyworkthroughtheir60sandbeyond,andremaindazzlinglyproductive.At78,ViacomchairmanSumnerRedstonejokinglyclaimstobe53.SupremeCourtJusticeSandraDay0’Connorisinher70s,andformersurgeongeneralC.EverettKoopchairsanInternetstart-upinhis80s.Theseleadersarelivingproofthatpreventionworksandthatwecanmanagethehealthproblemsthatcomenaturallywithage.Asamere68-year-old,Iwishtoageasproductivelyastheyhave.

Yettherearelimitstowhatasocietycanspendinthispursuit.Asaphysician,Iknowthemostcostlyanddramaticmeasuresmaybeineffectiveandpainful.IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivesthanwehave.Asanation,wemaybeoverfundingthequestforunlikelycureswhileunderfundingresearchonhumblertherapiesthatcouldimprovepeople’slives.

1.Whatisimpliedinthefirstsentence?

2.Theauthorusestheexampleofcancerpatientstoshowthat().

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardRichardLamm’sremarkisoneof().

4.IncontrasttotheUS,JapanandSwedenarefundingtheirmedicalcare().

5.Thetextintendstoexpresstheideathat().

问题1选项

A.Americansarebetterpreparedfordeaththanotherpeople.

B.Americansenjoyahigherlifequalitythaneverbefore.

C.Americansareover-confidentoftheirmedicaltechnology.

D.Americanstakeavainprideintheirlonglifeexpectancy.

问题2选项

A.medicalresourcesareoftenwasted

B.doctorsarehelplessagainstfataldiseases

C.sometreatmentsaretooaggressive

D.medicalcostsarebecomingunaffordable

问题3选项

A.strongdisapproval

B.reservedconsent

C.slightcontempt

D.enthusiasticsupport

问题4选项

A.moreflexibly

B.moreextravagantly

C.morecautiously

D.morereasonably

问题5选项

A.medicinewillfurtherprolongpeople’slives

B.lifebeyondacertainlimitisnotworthliving

C.deathshouldbeacceptedasafactoflife

D.excessivedemandsincreasethecostofhealthcare

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:本题属于推断题,是对句意的理解和推断。题干问第一段的第一句话暗示了什么,这句话的意思是“据说,英国人感觉死亡是迫在眉睫,而加拿大人认为死亡是不可避免,但是在加利福尼亚,死亡是可以选择的。”从这句话的隐含的含义我们可以发现,美国人对自己的医疗技术是非常自信的,他们甚至可以控制死亡。因此C项就是这句话想要表达的意思,A项不对,因为文章只说了死亡是可以选择的,但是并没有说美国人不畏惧死亡,B项属于无关项,D项说美国人对于自己长寿自豪也是不对的,他们自豪的是自己的医疗技术而不是寿命。

第2题:本题是作者意图题,问的是作者举癌症患者的例子是为了说明什么,我们可以根据题干定位到第二段,医院会对晚期癌症患者采用一些较为激进且科学不支持的治疗手段,不仅浪费了医疗资源而且用处也不大,因此我们推断出,作者认为不应该浪费资源在那些已经无回天之力的治疗上,A项正确。

第3题:本题是作者态度题,问的是作者对于RichardLamm的观点的态度,根据关键词定位到第二段。他的观点是“老年人有义务去迎接死亡从而把更多的资源让给年轻人来发挥他们的价值”,而第三段中作者给出了他的回应“Iwouldnotgothatfar(我不会那么极端)”可以看出作者对于他的观点并不完全认同,后文中他给了详细阐述,表示现在有很多年纪大的优秀人才仍然在活跃的发挥价值中,但是在更加后面他又画风一转说“在那些无可救药的病例上或许我们确实投入过多,但是在那些有关提高人民生活质量的事情上却投入不足”,结合这两点可以看出作者对于Lamm的观点是认同但又有所保留的,因此答案为B。

第4题:本题属于细节推断题。根据题干的国家名称可以定位到原文的最后一段,作者在举例中说了日本和瑞典与美国形成了区别和对比,他说道:“虽然日本和瑞典在医疗资源上的投入比美国少,但是国民的人均寿命却比美国长,身体也比美国人健康”。紧接着作者就谈到美国“在那些无可救药的病例上或许我们确实投入过多,但是在那些有关提高人民生活质量的事情上却投入不足”,因此可以看出日本和瑞典的医疗投资是比美国更加合理的,答案为D。

第5题:本题为主旨观点题。需要考生从全局把握文章的主旨大意,首先通过读完全文,我们可以发现文章围绕的是死亡这个关键词,第一段说道,“即使有一个伟大的医疗资源体系,我们也无法战胜死亡”;第二段中,“死亡是正常的”;以及第三段中,“医疗资源不应该用在治疗一些已经没有希望的病上面”等,又引申出影响死亡的几个因素,例如医疗资源,以及生活的质量等,全文都是在告诉我们死亡是一个既定的事实,哪怕是最好的医疗资源也没有办法改变一些无可救药的病症,我们与其去浪费这些资源,不如去拿来做更有意义的研究,因此C项为最佳概括,A项和作者的观点相反,B项并没有明显提及,D项非重点,因此答案为C。

17.单选题

Aperson’soptimismlevelchangesovertheyears,dependingonwhat’shappeningintheirlife,thetypeofpeopletheysocializeandhowdeterminedtheyaretomotivatethemselves.

问题1选项

A.overtheyears

B.dependingon

C.socialize

D.howdetermined

【答案】C

【解析】考查语法。Socialize在句子中是动词原形,表示“交际”;而该句子结构完整,所以socialize不能用动词原形的形式,根据它的逻辑主语they可知,它们之间是主动关系,因此这里要把socialize改为socializing做定语修饰thetypeofpeople。句意:一个人的乐观水平会随着时间的推移而改变,这取决于他们生活中发生的事情、他们所交往的人的类型以及他们激励自己的决心。因此,该题选择C项。

18.单选题

Whyshouldanyonebuythelatestvolumeintheever-expandingDictionaryofNationalBiography?Idonotmeanthatitisbad,asthereviewerswillagree.Butitwillcostyou65pounds.Andhaveyougottherestofvolumes?Youneedthebasic22plusthelargelydecennialsupplementstobringthetotalto31.Ofcourse,itwillbeanswered,publicandacademiclibrarieswillwantthenewvolume.Afterall,itadds1,068livesofpeoplewhoescapedthenetoftheoriginalcompilers.Yetin10years’timearevisedversionofthewholecaboodle,calledtheNewDictionaryofNat

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