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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川三河职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Manypeopletakeforgrantedthatallartshouldbebeautiful.Wemayaswellfacethequestionsquarelysinceitisbasictoourwholeattitudetowardart.Whyaretheresomany“ugly”worksofart?Thereareseveralpossibleanswers.Wemightreplythat“beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder”.Inotherwords,beautysubjective,andyourpersonaltasteleadsyoutorejectthingsthatmightbebeautifultoothers.Both“beautiful”and“ugly”implyaestheticvaluejudgments.

Thispossibilitydependsontheassumptionthattheartist’sproperaimisthecreationofbeauty.Butthereisanotherpossibility.Perhapstheworksaresuccessesbyartistswhoweresincerelyaimingatsomethingotherthanconventional,physicalbeauty.Wouldanartistintentionallymakesomethingugly?Andwhat,actually,dowemeanbythewords“ugly”and“beautiful”?

Overthecenturiesnumerouswritershavegrappledwiththeconceptofbeautyandtriedtounderstandit.Oneofthemostentertainingwasthe18th-centuryBritishstatesmanEdmundBurke,whowroteanessaycalled“TheSublimeandtheBeautiful”.IntheessayBurkedefinedbeautyasapositiveandstrikingqualitythatproducespleasurebybeingsmall,smooth,graduallyorgentlyvaried,delicate,softlyandvariablecolored.Itissubmissiveandmayarouselove.Beautyisnotrelatedtoproportion,saidBurke,nottofunctionalfitness,noreventoperfection.Allthesethingsarefoundapartfrombeauty.

Thesublime,bycontrast,isvasteventoinfinity,difficult,magnificent,darkandrugged.AccordingtoBurke,itwill“fillthemindwiththatsortofdelightfulhorror,whichisthemostgenuineeffectandearliesttestofthesublime”.Athingmaybeuglyandyetsublimeifitis“unitedwithsuchqualitiesasexciteastrongterror”.Burkemadeitclearthatgreatnessliesonthesideofsublime,notofthebeautiful.

Thisisquiteausefulidea.Let’skeepitinmindwhilewelookatIvanAlbright’spaintingIda.Albright’sworkisnotsmooth,delicate,orsoft,anditisnotlikelytoarouselove.Formostpeople,though,itwouldevokedelightfulhorror.Whatistheartistaimingat?Acommonreactionistosaythattheartistisshowingusapersonwhoisphysicallyandmentally—evenspiritually-exhausted.Accordingtothisinterpretation,Albrightteachesusaboutspiritualdecay.Everybulge,everywrinkle,everywartstandsforanastyblowthat.

1.Wecanseefromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat().

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmightBurkehaveagreewith?

3.WhichofthefollowingcanbesaidofAlbright’spainting?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat().

5.Theauthorwrotethisarticleto().

问题1选项

A.beautyanduglinessaretwoconceptsembodiedindifferentforms

B.neitherbeautynoruglinesscanbedefinitelydefined

C.beautyanduglinessareoppositeartisticexpressions

D.beautyissubjectivewhileuglinessisobjective

问题2选项

A.Thesublimemightnotbebeautifulbutthebeautifulmustbethesublime.

B.Delightfulhorrorderivesfromthesublime.

C.Thebeautifulisofapositivequalitywhilethesublimeisofanegativeone.

D.Theuglymaynotnecessarilybethesublime.

问题3选项

A.Itdestroyspeople’shopesinlife.

B.Itisinmostviewers’eyes,abeautifulpieceofart.

C.ItpresentssomethingsublimeinBurke’sview.

D.Itdefinesanyinterpretation.

问题4选项

A.theauthorisastrongsupporterofBurke’saesthetictheory

B.theauthorisworriedaboutthesomanyuglyworksofartproducedtoday

C.Albright’spaintinghasarousedcontroversy

D.beautydoesn’tlieinworksofartthemselves

问题5选项

A.differentiatethebeautifulandtheugly

B.describetousAlbright’spainting.

C.introducetousBurke’saesthetictheory

D.teachustherightwaytoevaluateworksofart

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据一二段的内容可知,作者认为美是主观的,“美”与“丑”都蕴涵着审美价值判断。这可能取决于艺术家旨在创造美或者追求的不是传统的外在美。所以可以推断,美和丑没有绝对的定义,选项B正确。

2.根据关键词Burke定位到第三段和第四段,Burke认为美丽是积极的,而崇高是广阔的甚至是黑暗的。崇高可以使人充满愉悦的恐惧感,所以选项B正确。美丽是积极的,但不代表崇高就是消极的,因为伟大在于崇高,而非美丽。所以选项C错误;

3.根据关键词Albright定位到最后一段,“Albright’sworkisnotsmooth,delicate,orsoft,anditisnotlikelytoarouselove.Formostpeople,though,itwouldevokedelightfulhorror.”奥尔布赖特的作品既不流畅,也不细腻,也不柔软,不太可能引起爱。然而,对大多数人来说,它会引起愉快的恐惧。上文提到的令人产生愉快的恐惧的指的是崇高,所以选项C正确。

4.根据原文,作者首先提出“美”与“丑”都蕴涵着审美价值判断,然后用Burke的言论和Albright的画讲述了崇高和美丽之间的关系,说明作者认为美不在于艺术品本身,而在于艺术家想要表达或传递的情感。所以选项D正确。

5.作者写这篇文章的目的在于教我们正确评价艺术作品的方法。选项D符合原文。

2.单选题

Reportersandphotographersaliketookgreat(

)attherudewaytheactorbehavedduringtheinterview.

问题1选项

A.annoyance

B.offence

C.resentment

D.irritation

【答案】B

【解析】句意:记者和摄像师们都因为这个演员在采访中的无礼行为而感到被冒犯。

名词辨析。恼怒,生气;offence冒犯;常用于短语takeoffenceatsth.表示“因为某事而感到被伤害、被冒犯”;resentment怨恨;irritation愤怒。因此根据句意及搭配推断B项正确。

3.翻译题

美国有五分之四的人在工作中感受到压力。是什么原因引起的工作压力呢?许多人认为不公平或不切实际的工作量是其中一个主要原因。这种工作量常常会导致个人生活和职业生活失衡。另一个原因是缺乏工作安全感。如果你不停地担心下周是否还能有工作,压力就会进入并占领你的生活。如果你还需要养家、养孩子,情况就更会如此。

【答案】FouroutoffiveAmericansfeelpressureatwork.Whatcausesworkpressure?

Manypeoplebelievethatunfairorunrealisticworkloadsareoneofthemainreasons.Thiskindofworkloadoftenleadstoanimbalancebetweenpersonalandprofessionallives.Anotherreasonislackofjobsecurity.Ifyouareconstantlyworryingaboutwhetheryouwillhaveajobnextweek,stresswillenterandtakeoveryourlife.Thisisespeciallytrueifyoustillneedtosupportyourfamilyandchildren.

4.单选题

Thebucketsofwaterarehungonthewallasa____againstfire.

问题1选项

A.token

B.indication

C.precaution

D.extinguisher

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.token标志;象征B.indication迹象

C.precaution预防措施;预防D.extinguisher灭火器

【答案】C

【考查点】名词辨析与语义衔接

【解题思路】空格处所在部分语义为“作为一个防火的____”,这指的是前文提到的“水桶”,水桶应该是预防火灾的,C选项precaution“预防措施;预防”符合原句语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】水桶挂在墙上以防火灾。

5.单选题

Starstwinkle()theturbulentstateoftheairthroughwhichtheirlightpasses.

问题1选项

A.inspiteof

B.asaresultof

C.inadditionto

D.withregardto

【答案】B

【解析】句意:星星的闪烁是由星光穿过湍流状态的空气而形成的。

考查短语辨析。inspiteof尽管,不管,不顾;asaresultof因此,由于;inadditionto除…之外;withregardto关于,至于。因此B符合句意。

6.单选题

IwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburbanVirginialivingroom-awomen'sgroupthathadinvitedmentojointhem.Throughouttheeveningonemanhadbeenparticularlytalkativefrequentlyofferingideasandanecdoteswhilehiswifesatsilentlybesidehimonthecouch.TowardtheendoftheeveningIcommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon’ttalktothem.Thismanquicklyconcurred.Hegesturedtowardhiswifeandsaid"she'sthetalkerinourfamily.Theroomburstintolaughterthemanlookedpuzzledandhurt,"it'strue"heexplained.“WhenIcomehomefromworkIhavenothingtosay.Ifshedidn'tkeeptheconversationgoingwe'dspendthewholeeveninginsilence.”

ThisepisodecrystallizestheironythatalthoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomeninpublicsituationstheyoftentalklessathome.Andthispatterniswreakinghavocwithmarriage.

ThepatternwasobservedbypoliticalscientistAndrewHackerinthelate1970s.SociologistCatherineKohlerRiessmanreportsinhernewbookDivorceTalkthatmostofthewomensheinterviewed—butonlyafewoftheme—gavelackofcommunicationasthereasonfortheirdivorces.Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percentthatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.

Inmyownresearchcomplaintsfromwomenabouttheirhusbandsmostoftenfocusednotontangibleinequitiessuchashavinggivenupthechanceforacareertoaccompanyahusbandtohisordoingfarmorethantheirshareofdailylife-supportworklikecleaningcookingandsocialarrangements.Instead,theyfocusedoncommunication.“Hedoesn'tlistentome”:“Hedoesn'ttalktome.”IfoundasHackerobservedyearsbeforethatmostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobefirstandforemostconversationalpartnersbutfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheirwives.

Inshorttheimagethatbestrepresentsthecurrentcrisisisthestereotypicalcartoonsceneofamansittingat:thebreakfasttablewithanewspaperheldupinfrontofhisfacewhileawomanglaresatthebackofitwantingtotalk.

1.Whatismostwivesmainexpectationoftheirhusbands?

2.Judgingfromthecontext,thephrase"wreakinghavoc"(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans(

).

3.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT

).

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthistext?

5.Inthefollowingpartimmediatelyafterthistext,theauthorwillmostprobablyfocuson(

).

问题1选项

A.Talkingtothem.

B.Trustingthem.

C.Supportingtheircareers.

D.Sharinghousework.

问题2选项

A.generatingmotivation

B.exertinginfluence

C.causingdamage

D.creatingpressure

问题3选项

A.mentendtotalkmoreinpublicthanwomen

B.nearly50percentofrecentdivorcesarecausedbyfailedconversation

C.womenattachmuchimportancetocommunicationbetweencouples

D.afemaletendstobemoretalkativeathomethanherspouse

问题4选项

A.Themoraldecayingdeservesmoreresearchbysociologists.

B.Marriagebreak-upstemsfromsexinequalities.

C.Husbandandwifehavedifferentexpectationsfromtheirmarriage.

D.Conversationalpatternsbetweenmanandwifearedifferent.

问题5选项

A.avividaccountofthenewbookDivorceTalk

B.adetaileddescriptionofthestereotypicalcartoon

C.otherpossiblereasonsforahighdivorcerateintheU.S

D.abriefintroductiontothepoliticalscientistAndrewHacker

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由文章第一段中womenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon’ttalktothem(女人经常抱怨他们的丈夫不和她们交谈)可推测大多数妻子对丈夫的主要期望是与他们交谈,因此选A。

第2题:词义题。generatingmotivation意为“产生动机”;exertinginfluence意为“发挥影响”;causingdamage意为“造成伤害”;creatingpressure意为“创造压力”。由文章第二段中althoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomeninpublicsituationstheyoftentalklessathome,andpatterniswreakinghavocwithmarriage.(尽管美国男人在公共场合比女人说话更多,但他们在家里经常少说话,这种模式正在wreakinghavoc婚姻)以及第三段中gavelackofcommunicationasthereasonfortheirdivorces(没有沟通是他们离婚的原因)可知C选项最符合句意。

第3题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中althoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomeninpublicsituationstheyoftentalklessathome可知A、D选项正确,由第四段中Insteadtheyfocusedoncommunication可知C选项正确,因此选B。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中mostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobefirstandforemostconversationalpartnersbutfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheirwives(大多数妻子希望丈夫成为最重要的谈话伙伴,但很少有丈夫对妻子抱有同样的期望)可推测妻子与丈夫对谈话有不同的认知,因此选D。

第5题:推理判断题。文章主要讲述了家庭生活中妻子与丈夫对谈话认知的差异,那么接下来作者将继续围绕这一主题进行展述,最有可能对thestereotypicalcartoon进行详细描述,因此选B。

7.单选题

OnmanyissuesJohnandMaryfoundthemselvesseriously().

问题1选项

A.atodds

B.atrandom

C.atintervals

D.athaphazard

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组。A:atodds“争执;不一致”;B:atrandom“随机地”;C:atintervals“不时”;D:athaphazard“偶然地”。句意:约翰和玛丽发现他们自己在许多问题上不一致。根据句意,A为正确答案。

8.单选题

NewmineralresourcesmaybediscoveredduringtheforthcomingAntarctic().

问题1选项

A.excursion

B.execution

C.extraction

D.expedition

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项excursion“远足;短程旅行;游览”;B选项execution“执行;完成;死刑”;C选项extraction“取出;拔出;抽出物”;D选项expedition“探险;探险队;考察”。句意:新的矿产资源可能在即将来临的南极探险期间被发现。根据句中“Antarctic南极的”可知“探险”符合语境,因此D选项正确。

9.单选题

Thesoldierwas(

)ofrunningawaywhentheenemyattacked.

问题1选项

A.scolded

B.charged

C.accused

D.punished

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。scold和punish一般与介词for搭配;charge一般指具有法律效应的控告;accuse一般指指控,指责。beaccusedof为固定搭配,意为“被指控”。选项C符合句意。

10.单选题

“Undernocircumstances()thesenate’sraisingthedebtceilingwithjust50votes.”Thesenatorsaid,insistingmeaningfulspendingreformsbeforeraisingthedebtceiling.

问题1选项

A.willIagreeto

B.Iwillagreeto

C.agreetoIwill

D.I,willagreeto

【答案】A

【解析】考查倒装句的用法。分析句子结构可知,题目中包含倒装结构,Undernocircumstances置于句首,句子出现部分倒装,这时will应提前到主语之前。因此本题正确答案为A选项。

11.单选题

WeeatourfoodwithchopsticksandtheEuropeans()knivesandforks.

问题1选项

A.eatwith

B.dowith

C.using

D.with

【答案】D

【解析】考查省略用法。并列句中如果两个分句有重复处,后面重复部分常常省略。故D项正确。句意:我们用筷子吃东西,而欧洲人用刀和叉。

12.翻译题

MacroeconomicPolicy

IftheGreatDepressionsparkedtheformulizationofmacroeconomicpolicy,thecurrentGlobalFinancialAndEconomicCrisisiswritingthenextchapterHadtherebeenapolicyinventoryfortheGreatDepression,providingtheopportunitytoobservetherangeofpoliciesfollowed,therangeofcountriesimplementingthesepolicies,andtherangeoftheimpact,formalizationoflessonslearnedintheformofmacroeconomictheorywouldhavetokenplacemoreeasilyandmoreconsistentlybybeingabletoseethelargerpicture.Thisthenshouldbethemodestgoalofpolicyinventory——totrytocapturethewhole,theglobalmacropracticesacross77countries,toaidformalizationofmacroeconomicpracticeandtheory.Whatisnotcoveredadequatelybythepolicyinventoryatthemacrolevelisimpact,forwhichamoredetailedfollow-upstudyisrecommended.

Asaresultoftheneedforatrulyglobalviewoftheproblem,thissurveyhasobservedtheentiresampleofcountries,dividingthesampleintotwocategories:high-incomecountries,andlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.Threeparticularityimportantfactorsinthepolicyinventorycanbeusedtoanalyzethepolicyresponsesutilizedduringthecrisisyears.

【答案】宏观经济政策

如果大萧条引发了宏观经济政策的制定,那么在存在一个库存策略的前提下,目前的全球金融和经济危机将会使大萧条进入一个新的阶段,使我们能够有机会观察由此带来的政策相关的范围,包括国家实施这些政策的范围和影响范围,由于能够看到更宏观的蓝图,在宏观经济理论中学到的形式的经验教训将更容易,更一致的发生。这应该是政策库存的适度目标,试图掌握77个国家的全球宏观实践,以帮助宏观经济实践和理论的形式化。在宏观层面上,政策库存的影响没有充分覆盖,对于这种影响,后续有一个更详细的研究建议。

由于需要真正全面地看待这一问题,这项调查观察了整个国家的样本,将样本分为两类:高收入国家和中低收入国家。库存策略中的三个特别重要的因素可以用来分析危机期间的政策反应。

13.翻译题

1.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese(5marks)

AhugefirethatengulfedanancientTibetantowninShangri-la,Yunnanprovince,onSaturdayhascausedexpertstocallforheightenedfiresafetyinhistoriclocationsacrossthecountry.ThefirestartedearlyonSaturdaymorningandlastedabout12hours,destroying242housesintheoldTibetantownofDukezonginShangri-la,capitaloftheDiqingTibetautonomousprefecture.Dukezongtownisthelargestandbest-preservedTibetancommunityinallofChina’sTibetanareas.ItwasalsoakeystopontheAncientTea-HorseCaravanRouteandafocalpointforHan-Tibetanexchanges.

【答案】一场大火周六吞没了云南香格里拉一个古老的藏族小镇,引起专家呼吁在全国历史地段加强消防安全。大火周六凌晨开始,持续了大约12小时,摧毁了迪庆藏族自治州首府香格里拉藏族古镇独克宗的242栋房屋。独克宗镇是中国藏区规模最大、保存最完好的藏族聚居区。它也是茶马古道的重要一站,也是汉藏交流的中心。

14.单选题

Respectforthelawisthefoundationofcivilizedliving.()breaksitwillbepunished.

问题1选项

A.Who

B.Nomatterwho

C.Whoever

D.Peoplewho

【答案】C

【解析】语法题。如果选A,此处缺少先行词;如果选D缺少连词;nomatterwho引导让步状语从句,句子表达需完整;whoever引导名词性从句,可放于句首,符合题意。

15.单选题

Somepeoplesaythatthestudyofliberalartsisauselessluxurywecannotaffordinhardtimes.Students,theyargue,whodonotdevelopsalableskillswillfinditdifficulttolandajobupongraduation.Butthereisaprobleminspeakingof“salableskills.”Whatskillsaresalable?Rightnow,skillsformakingautomobilesarenothighlysalable,buttheyhavebeenfordecadesandmightbeagain.Skillsinteachingarenotnowassalableastheywereduringthepast20years,andthepopulationchartsindicatetheymaynotbesoonagain.Homeconstructionskillsareanotherexampleofvaryingsalability,asthejobmarketfluctuates.What’smore,ifonewantstobuildacurriculumexclusivelyonwhatissalable,onewillhavetomakethecourseveryshortandchangethemveryoften,inordertokeepupwiththerapidchangesinthejobmarket.Butwillnottheeffortbeinvain?Inveryfewthingscanwebesureoffuturesalability,andinasocietywherepeoplearefreetostudywhattheywant,andworkwheretheywant,andinvestastheywant,thereisnowaytokeepsupplyanddemandinlaborinperfectaccord.

ASchoolthatdevotesitselftotallytosalableskills,especiallyinatimeofhighunemployment,sendingyoungmenandwomenintotheworldarmedwithonlyanarrowrangeofskills,isalsosendinglambsintothelion’sden.Ifthosepeoplegainnothingmorefromtheirstudiesthansupposedlysalableskills,andcan’tmakethesalebecauseofchangesinthejobmarket,theyhavebeencheated.Butifthoseskillsweremorethansalable,ifstudygavethemabetterunderstandingoftheworldaroundthemandgreateradaptabilityinachangingworld,theyhavenotbeencheated.Theywillfindsomekindofjobsoonenough.Flexibility,anabilitytochangeandlearnnewthings,isavaluableskill.Peoplewhohavelearnedhowtolearncanlearnoutsideofschool.Thatiswheremostofushavelearnedtodowhatwedo,notinschool.Learningtolearnisoneofthehighestliberalskills.

1.Fromthispassage,wecanlearnthattheauthorisinfavorof

______.

2.Theword“fluctuate”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans______.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whoofthefollowingismorelikelytogetajobintimesofhighunemployment?

4.Accordingtotheauthor,indevelopingacurriculumschoolsshould______.

问题1选项

A.teachingpracticalskillsthatcanbesoldinthecurrentjobmarket

B.aflexiblecurriculumthatchangeswiththetimes

C.aliberaleducation

D.keepingabalancebetweenthesupplyanddemandinthelabormarket

问题2选项

A.remainsteady

B.changeinanirregularway

C.followasetpattern

D.becomeworseandworse

问题3选项

A.Apersonwiththeabilitytolearnbyhimself

B.Aconstructionworker

C.Acarrepairman

D.Apersonwithquiteafewsalableskills

问题4选项

A.predictthesalabilityofskillsinthefuturejobmarket

B.takethecurrentjobmarketintoconsideration

C.considerwhatskillaresalable

D.focusontheabilitytoadapttochanges

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Inveryfewthingscanwebesureoffuturesalability,andinasocietywherepeoplearefreetostudywhattheywant,andworkwheretheywant,andinvestastheywant,thereisnowaytokeepsupplyanddemandinlaborinperfectaccord.(在一个人们可以自由学习他们想要的东西、在他们想要的地方工作、在他们想要的地方投资的社会里,我们不可能使劳动力的供求完全一致)可知作者没有特地支持哪一种教育,而是支持他们自由地学习。C选项“自由的教育”,符合文章内容,C选项正确。A选项“教授一些实用的技能,这些技能可以在当前的就业市场上得到销售”,作者在文中写到,不确定哪些技能值得推销,可排除A选项。B选项“随时代变化的灵活课程”,文章没有提到此内容,可排除。D选项“保持劳动力市场供求平衡”,文章提到并不能做到劳动力供求一致,D选项可排除。因此C选项正确。

2.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文中第一段Homeconstructionskillsareanotherexampleofvaryingsalability,asthejobmarketfluctuates(随着就业市场的波动,住房建造技能的变化是销售能力变化的另一个例子)。选项B“不规则的变化”,文章所说,就业市场的波动,可以理解为不规则的变化,选项B正确。选项A“保持稳定”,不符合文章的内容,可排除。选项C“依照成法”,不符合文章内容,可排除。D选项“日就衰败”,不符合文章内容,可排除。因此B选项正确。

3.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到文章第二段第三句Butifthoseskillsweremorethansalable,ifstudygavethemabetterunderstandingoftheworldaroundthemandgreateradaptabilityinachangingworld,theyhavenotbeencheated.Theywillfindsomekindofjobsoonenough(但如果这些技能很受欢迎,如果学习能让他们更好地了解周围的世界,并能更好地适应不断变化的世界,那么他们就没有受骗。他们很快就会找到工作的)。由此句可推测,那些拥有自学能力的人,可以在高失业率下找到工作。A选项“有自学能力的人”,符合文章内容,A选项正确。B选项“建筑工人”,文章没有提到此内容,B选项排除。C选项“汽车修理工”,文章没有提到这个内容,可排除。D选项“一个有相当多的销售技巧的人”,一所完全致力于销售技能的学校,尤其是在高失业率的时候,就是把男女送进虎穴,可排除D选项。因此A选项正确。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Peoplewhohavelearnedhowtolearncanlearnoutsideofschool.Thatiswheremostofushavelearnedtodowhatwedo,notinschool.Learningtolearnisoneofthehighestliberalskills.(学会了如何学习的人可以在校外学习。那是我们大多数人学会做我们所做的事情的地方,而不是在学校。学会学习是最高的自由技能之一)。由此句可推测,要学会如何学习,关注适应变化的能力。D选项“关注适应变化的能力”,符合文章内容,因此D选项正确。A选项“预测技能在未来就业市场的销售能力”,销售能力只是有限的技能,A选项排除。B选项“把当前的就业市场也考虑进去”,文章没有提到这个内容,可排除。C选项“考虑什么技能是可以销售的”,文章没有提到这个内容,可排除C选项。因此D选项正确。

16.单选题

Adrivercangothrougharedlight()apoliceofficersignalshimtodoso.

问题1选项

A.whether

B.until

C.if

D.unless

【答案】C

【解析】考查连词辨析。A选项whether“是否,不论”;B选项until“直到……为止”;C选项if“如果”;D选项unless“除非”。句意:()警察示意司机可以闯红灯,他就可以这样做。根据语境,if“如果”警察示意可以闯红灯比较合理。如果选D选项unless“除非”,应该换成thedrivercan’truntheredlight才合理。因此C选项正确。

17.单选题

Myadviceisthatyou’llhavetoovercomeyour___ifyouwanttobecomeanurse.

问题1选项

A.humanitarianism

B.loftiness

C.squeamishness

D.compassion

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“humanitarianism”,意为“人道主义”;B选项“loftiness”,意为“高尚,骄傲”;C选项“squeamishness”意为“易恶心的,神经质”;D选项“compassion”,意为“同情,怜悯”。句意:如果你想成为一名护士,我的建议是你必须克服你的易恶心,因此,C选项符合句意。

18.单选题

()isgenerallyaccepted,economicgrowthisdeterminedbythesmoothdevelopmentofproduction.

问题1选项

A.What

B.That

C.It

D.As

【答案】D

【解析】考查as的用法。as可作关系代词引出非限制性定语从句,代替整个主句,意为“如……一样,像……一样”等;as引导的从句一般用逗号与主句隔开,可以位于主句的前面、中间或后面。句意:人们普遍认为,经济的增长取决于生产的顺利发展。因此D选项正确。

19.单选题

Mydaughterliaswalkedeightmilestoday.Weneverguessedthatshecouldwalk()far.

问题1选项

A./

B.such

C.that

D.as

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我女儿今天己经步行了8英里。我们从未想到她能步行那么远。

考查连词辨析。Such是代词或限定词表示“这样(的)”,一般不修饰形容词;that(与表数量或范围的形容词和副词连用)那样,那么;as同样地;和……一样的。因此C符合句意。

20.单选题

Clothesplayacriticalroleintheconclusionswereachbyprovidingcluestowhopeopleare,whotheyarenot,andwhotheywouldliketobe.Theytellusagooddealaboutthewearer’sbackground,personality,status,moodandsocialoutlook.

Sinceclothesaresuchanimportantsourceofsocialinformation,weusethemtomanipulatepeople’simpressionofus.Ourappearanceassumesparticularsignificanceintheinitialphasesofinteractionthatislikelytooccur.Anelderlymiddle-classmanorwomanmaybealienatedbyayoungadultwhoisdressedinanunconventionalmanner,regardlessoftheperson’seducation,background,orinterests.

Peopletendtoagreeonwhatcertaintypesofclothesmean.Adolescentgirlscaneasilyagreeonthelifestylesofgirlswhowearcertainoutfit,includingthenumberofboyfriendstheylikelyhavehadandwhethertheysmokeordrink.Newscasters,ortheannouncerswhoreadthenewsonTV,areconsideredtobemoreconvincing,honest,andcompetentwhentheyaredressedconservatively.Andcollegestudentswhoviewthemselvesastakinganactiveroleintheirinterpersonalrelationshipssaytheyareconcernedaboutthecostumestheymustweartoplaytheserolessuccessfully.Moreover,manyofuscanrelateinstancesinwhichtheclothesweworechangedthewaywefeltaboutourselvesandhowweacted.Perhapsyouhaveusedclothingtogainconfidencewhenyouanticipatedastressfulsituation,suchasajobinterview,oracourtappearance.

Intheworkplace,menhavelonghadwell-definedprecedentsandrolemodelsforachievingsuccess.Ithasbeenotherwiseforwomen.Agoodmanywomeninthebusinessworldareuncertainabouttheappropriatemixtureof“masculine”and“feminine”attributestheyshouldconveybytheirprofessionalclothing.Thevarietyofclothingalternativestowomenhasalsobeengreaterthanthatavailableformen.Maleadministratorstendtojudgewomenmorefavorablyformanagerialpositionswhenthewomendisplayless“feminine”grooming—shorterhair,moderateuseofmake-up,andplaintailoredclothing.Asonemaleadministratorconfessed,“Anattractivewomanisdefinitelygoingtogetalongerinterview,butshewon’tgetajob.”

1.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,anelderlymiddle-classmanandanunconventionallydressedyoungmanmaybeunableto______.

2.Theauthorusesthenewscasters’exampletoillustratetheideathat______.

3.Men’sprofessionalclothingcanbestbedescribedas“______”.

4.Whatcanwomendowiththeirprofessionalclothingaccordingtothepassage?

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.understandeachother’slifestyle

B.sharethesamebackgroundorinterests

C.manipulatetheirimpressiononeachother

D.entertheinitialphaseofapotentialinteraction

问题2选项

A.certainclothinggivespeoplemoreconfidence

B.clotheshavenothingtodowithone’sabilities

C.wetendtostereotypepeoplebytheirclothes

D.competentpeoplearedressedconventionally

问题3选项

A.conventional

B.individualistic

C.out-of-date

D.undiversified

问题4选项

A.Theymustbedressedconservatively.

B.Theydon’thaveanexplicitdressingstyletofollow.

C.Theychooseeithermasculineorfeminineclothing.

D.Theycan’twearunconventionaloutfit.5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

问题5选项

A.DressingandtheEffect.

B.DressingandPersonality.

C.DressingUpAppropriately.

D.DressingandManagement.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“根据第二段,一个上了年纪的中产阶级的男人和一个穿着非常不合常规的年轻人可能无法……”。第二段提到Sinceclothesaresuchanimportantsourceofsocialinformation,weusethemtomanipulatepeople'simpressionofus.Ourappearanceassumesparticularsignificanceintheinitialphasesofinteractionthatislikelytooccur.(因为衣服是社会信息的一个重要来源,我们用它们来操纵人们对我们的印象。我们的外貌在可能发生的互动的最初阶段具有特殊的意义。),接着就提到了不管一个人的教育、背景或兴趣,一个上了年纪的中产阶级男人或女人可能会被一个穿着不合常规的年轻人疏远;由此可知,造成这种现象的原因就是外貌在可能发生的互动的最初阶段具有特殊的意义,如果穿着风格大相径庭,那么他们就无法进入潜在相互作用的初始阶段,因此,D项“进入潜在相互作用的初始阶段”正确;A项“理解彼此的生活方式”没有提到;B项“有相同的背景或兴趣”,这个不是造成这种现象的结果;C项“操纵他们对彼此的印象”,文中提到的是人们用衣服来操纵他们对彼此的印象,该项不符合题干。因此,该题选择D项正确。

2.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“作者用新闻广播员的例子来说明……”。第三段第一句提到Peopletendtoagreeonwhatcertaintypesofclothesmean.(人们倾向于对特定类型的衣服的含义达成一致),这是该段的中心句,接着后面举了青春期女孩、新闻广播员和大学生的例子来支持这一观点,所以C项“我们倾向于对人的衣着有成见”符合题意;A项“某些衣服能给人更多的自信”只是其中一个例子;B项“衣服与一个人的能力无关”,该段表达的中心意思是合适的衣服会显得一个人有能力的样子,所以该项不正确;D项“有能力的人穿着传统”顺序翻倒,穿着传统的人会令人看起来能干,该项也不正确。因此,该题选择C项正确。

3.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“男士职业装的最佳描述是……”。第四段提到Intheworkplace,menhavelonghadwell-definedprecedentsandrolemodelsforachievingsuccess…Thevarietyofclothingalternativestowomenhasalsobeengreaterthanthatavailableformen.(在职场中,男性长期以来都有明确的成功先例和榜样……对服饰的选择方面,女性的选择远远多于男性),由此可以推理,男性的职业装应该是模式化,变化少,所以A项“传统”最符合这个描述;B项“个人主义”和C项“过时”不准确;D项“千篇一律”为干扰项,虽然男性的服装变化少,但不代表没变化。因此,该题选择A项正确。

4.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“根据这篇文章,女性可以如何处理她们的职业装?”。第四段第二句指出Agoodmanywomeninthebusinessworldareuncertainabouttheappropriatemixtureof“masculine”and“feminine”attributestheyshouldconveybytheirprofessionalclothing.(商界的许多女性都不确定她们应该通过职业装传达什么样的“男性化”和“女性化”特质),后文举例男性管理者倾向于选择穿着不那么“女性化”的女性担任管理岗位,而一位外表吸引人的女性会获得更长的面试时间但不会获得工作;由此可以判断,女性在职业装方面并没有明确的风格可以去遵循,B项“他们没有明确的着装风格可循”符合题意;A项“他们必须穿着保守”太绝对;C项“他们选择男性或女性的服装”表述不准确;D项“他们不能穿非传统的服装”没有提到。因此,该题选择B项正确。

5.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干意思是“这篇文章最好的标题是什么?”。文章开头讲述的是着装能够给人提供很多的信息,接着就着装的不同影响展开了论述和举例,因此A项“着装和影响”最符合文章的主旨;B项“着装和个性”、C项“适当的打扮”和D项“着装和管理”都比较片面。因此,该题选择A项正确。

21.单选题

Toeverybody’ssurprise,therefereetooka(

)viewofthefoulanddidnotpunishtheplayeratall.

问题1选项

A.lenient

B.divergent

C.dim

D.cautious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。lenient宽大的,仁慈的;divergent有分歧的;dim暗淡的,昏暗的;cautious小心的,谨慎的。句意:让所有人出乎意料的是,裁判员对这次犯规采取了宽容的态度,一点也没有惩罚参赛选手。由didnotpunishtheplayeratall可知裁判采取了宽容的态度。A项正确。答案A

22.单选题

Westernmedicine,()scienceandpracticedbypeoplewithacademicinternationallyacceptedmedicaldegrees,isonlyoneofmanysystem

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