考研考博-英语-四川长江职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川长江职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Manydifficultieshave（）asaresultofthechangetoanewtypeoffuel.

问题1选项

A.risen

B.arisen

C.raised

D.arrived

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项risen表示“攀升；升起”；B选项arisen表示“出现；上升”，不及物动词；C选项raised表示“提高；筹集；养育”；D选项arrived“到达”。从词性及词义判断，只有B选项arisen符合要求。句意：由于改用了一种新型燃料，许多困难出现了。

2.单选题

InevertrustedhimbecauseIalwaysthoughtofhimassucha_______character.

问题1选项

A.gracious

B.suspicious

C.unique

D.particular

【答案】B

【解析】gracious有礼貌的,宽厚的;suspicious多疑的,可疑的;unique独一无二的,唯一的;particular特别的,独有的。句意：我从不相信他,因为我一直认为他是个多疑的人。选项B符合句意。

3.单选题

Manyoftheconditionsthat______populationpressures—overcrowding,unemployment,poverty,hungerandillness—leadtodissatisfaction.

问题1选项

A.bringforward

B.giveriseto

C.feedupwith

D.resultfrom

【答案】D

【解析】动词词组辨析。bringforward“提出，提前”；giveriseto“引起”；feedupwith“对……厌烦”；resultfrom“起因于”。句意：许多由于人口压力导致的条件，过度拥挤、失业、贫困、饥饿和疾病，导致了不满。选项D符合题意。

4.单选题

BillandJackaretwins,Billpreferssocialactivitieswheneverhegetsachance,butJackdoesliketobealoneandquiet,（

）thateverybodycanperceiveit.

问题1选项

A.suchisthedifference

B.withouteveryevidence

C.thatremainsquiteclear

D.insuchaclearrole

【答案】A

【解析】考查倒装句。句意：Bill和Jack是双胞胎，无论何时只要有机会比尔就喜欢参加社交活动，而杰克却喜欢独处和安静，这对双胞胎性格差异很大，以至于每个人都能察觉到。故可以先确定A项符合句意。such放在句首时句子主谓要倒装，故答案为A。

5.单选题

Bythelatenineteenthcentury,thefocusfortheengineersandbuildersoftunnelswasbeginningtoshiftfromEuropetotheUnitedStatesandespeciallyNewYork,wheretheriversencirclingManhattancapturedtheimaginationoftunnelersandchallengedtheiringenuity.ThefirsttoacceptthechallengewasasomewhatmysteriousCaliforniannamedDeWittClintonHaskin,whoturnedupinNewYorkinthe1870’swithaproposaltotunnelthroughthesitundertheHudsonRiverbetweenManhattanandJerseyCity.

Haskineventuallyabandonedtheriskyproject.ButacompanyorganizedbyWilliamMcAdooresumedtheattackin1902,workingfrombothdirections.McAdoo’smenwereforcedtoblastwhentheyranintoanunexpectedledgeofrock,butwiththisobstaclesurmountedthetwoheadingsmetin1904andMcAdoodonnedoilskinstobecometheHudson’sfirstunderwaterbank-to-bankpedestrian.World’sWorkmagazineproudlyreportedin1906thatNewYorkcouldnowbedescribedasabodyoflandsurroundedbytunnels.Threeone-wayshaftsbeneaththeHudsonandtwoundertheHarlemRiverwerealreadyholedthrough;threemoreHudsontubeswerebeingbuilt.EightseparatetunnelswereunderconstructionbeneaththeEastRiver.

1.Accordingtothepassage,DeWittClintonHaskincamefrom________.

2.WhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutDeWittClintonHaskin’sbackground?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whendidWilliamMcAdoobegintoworkontheHudsonRivertunnel?

4.Accordingtothepassage,theworkerstunnelingforWilliamMcAdooweresurprisedtofindwhichofthefollowingwheretheywereworking?

5.ThequotationfromWorld’sWorkmagazineintroducesfactsabout________.

问题1选项

A.JerseyCity

B.Europe

C.California

D.NewYork

问题2选项

A.Itdidnotqualifyhimtohandleexplosives.

B.Itwasnotsomethingpeopleknewmuchabout.

C.Itincludeddiverseworkexperiences.

D.Itincludedmanyinferiorprojects.

问题3选项

A.1870

B.1902

C.1904

D.1906

问题4选项

A.Oil

B.Silt

C.Rock

D.Shafts

问题5选项

A.citiesthatwerebuildingnewtunnelstoManhattan

B.people’sconcernevetheweakeningofthecity’sfoundation

C.theroleofNewYorkCityinpromotingengineering

D.thenumberoftunnelsbeingbuiltatthetime

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段第二句somewhatmysteriousCaliforniannamedDeWittClintonHaskin（有点神秘的加利福尼亚人德威特•克林顿•哈斯金），可知C选项“加利福尼亚”正确，A选项“泽西城”，B选项“欧洲”和D选项“纽约”错误。因此C选项正确。

2.事实细节题。根据第一段第二句somewhatmysteriousCaliforniannamedDeWittClintonHaskin（有点神秘的加利福尼亚人德威特•克林顿•哈斯金），可知B选项“人们对他了解不多”正确，A选项“他没有资格操作炸药”，C选项“有不同的工作经历”和D选项“有许多劣质的工程”不符合题意。因此B选项正确。

3.事实细节题。根据第二段第二句ButacompanyorganizedbyWilliamMcAdooresumedtheattackin1902,workingfrombothdirections.（但在1902年，威廉•麦卡杜的公司恢复了工程，并且从两个方向开展修建工作。），可知B选项“1902年”正确，A选项“1870年”，C选项“1904年”和D选项“1906年”错误。因此B选项正确。

4.事实细节题。根据第二段第三句McAdoo’smenwereforcedtoblastwhentheyranintoanunexpectedledgeofrock（麦卡杜的工人出乎意料地撞到一块岩石时被迫爆破），可知C选项“岩石”正确，A选项“油”，B选项“淤泥”和D选项“竖井”错误。因此C选项正确。

5.推理判断题。根据文章最后一、二句Threeone-wayshaftsbeneaththeHudsonandtwoundertheHarlemRiverwerealreadyholedthrough;threemoreHudsontubeswerebeingbuilt.EightseparatetunnelswereunderconstructionbeneaththeEastRiver.（在哈德逊河下面有三个单向井，哈勒姆河下面有两个竖井已经打通；另外三条哈德逊隧道正在建造中。在东河下方，八个独立的隧道正在建设中。），可知这里介绍的是D选项“当时正在修建的隧道数量”。A选项“正在修建通往曼哈顿的新隧道的城市”，B选项“人们担心城市基础的削弱”和C选项“纽约市在促进工程方面的作用”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

6.单选题

Whatyousaynowisnot（）withwhatyousaidlastweek.

问题1选项

A.consistent

B.persistent

C.permanent

D.insistent

【答案】A

【解析】consistent一致的；persistent固执的；permanent永久的，不变的；insistent坚持的。句意：你现在所说的与你上星期所说的不一致。选项A符合句意。

7.单选题

Nervesignalsmaytravelthroughnerveormusclefibersatspeedsashighastwohundredmilesperhour.

问题1选项

A.velocities

B.impulses

C.ratios

D.atrocities

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项velocities“速度”；B选项impulses“脉冲”；C选项ratios“比率”；D选项atrocities“暴行，残忍”。句意：神经信号通过神经纤维或肌肉纤维的速度可达每小时200英里。句子中的划线部分含义“速度”，与A选项最为接近，因此A选项符合题意。

8.单选题

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordtablefollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthetableisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthetablemorethanonce.

Theearliest（1）abouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotograph'saccuracytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineartas（2）frommerelyapracticalart.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenseofphotographywas（3）withthestruggletoestablishitasafineart.Againstthe（4）thatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofreality,photographers（5）thatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.

Ironically,nowthatphotographyis（6）establishedasafineart,manyphotographersfinditpretentiousorirrelevanttolabelitassuch.Seriousphotographersvariously（7）tobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves—anything（8）makingworksofart.Theyarenolongerwillingtodebatewhetherphotographyisorisnotafineart,excepttoproclaimthattheirownworkisnotinvolvedwithart.Itshowstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakefor（9）theconceptofartimposedbythe（10）ofModernism:thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.

问题1选项

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

问题2选项

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

问题3选项

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

问题4选项

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

问题5选项

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

问题6选项

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

问题7选项

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

问题8选项

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

问题9选项

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

问题10选项

A.charge

B.securely

C.distinct

D.triumph

E.asserted

F.therefore

G.controversies

H.identity

I.identical

J.garage

K.but

L.granted

M.claim

N.contradicts

O.severely

【答案】第1题:G

第2题:C

第3题:I

第4题:A

第5题:E

第6题:B

第7题:M

第8题:K

第9题:L

第10题:D

【解析】第1题:1.由下文“whether….”可知此空填controversies正确，句意：最早关于摄影和艺术关系的争论集中在…

2.bedistinctfrom“与…不同”。

3.beidenticalwith“与…一致”。

4.由that….可知此空指有人指责。句意：有人指责摄影是没有灵魂的、对现实的机械复制…

5.此空应填一个动词，句意：摄影师们宣称，这是一种特殊的观看方式，是对平庸视觉的反抗，是一种与绘画同等价值的艺术。

6.由ironically以及后半句句意可知此处意为：具有讽刺意味的是，现在摄影被安全地确立为一门艺术，许多摄影师认为它自命不凡或与此标签不相关。

7.claimtodosth“声称做某事”。

8.anythingbut“根本不，决不”。

9.takeforgranted“认为是理所当然的”。

10.此处要填名词。句意：它显示了他们仅仅把现代主义胜利强加的艺术概念视为理所当然的程度：艺术越好，对艺术的传统目标就越有颠覆性。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

第6题:

第7题:

第8题:

第9题:

第10题:

9.单选题

Inrecentyears,teachersofintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudieshavebeenfacingadilemmanonexistentafewdecadesago,whenhardlyanytextsinthatfieldwereavailable.Today,excellentanthologies（文选）andotherintroductorytextsexist,andbooksonindividualAsianAmeri-cansarepublishedalmostweekly.Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefieldfinditdifficulttode-cidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents；non-expertswhoteachinrelatedareasandarelookingforwritingsforandbyAsianAmericantoincludeinsurveycoursesareinanevenworseposition.

Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthecontinuinglackofspecializedone-volumereferenceworksonAsianAmericans,suchasbiographicaldictionariesordesktopencyclopedias.Suchworkswouldena-blestudentstakingAsianAmericanstudiescourses（andprofessorsinrelatedfields）tolookupbasicinformationonAsianAmericanindividuals,institutions,history,andculturewithouthavingtowadethrough（费力地阅读冗长或艰深的材料）mountainsofprimarysourcematerial.Inaddition,given

suchworks,AsianAmericanstudiesprofessorsmightfeelmorefreetoincludemorechallengingAsianAmericanmaterialintheirintroductoryreadinglists,sincegoodreferenceworksallowstudentstoac-quireontheirownthebackgroundinformationnecessarytointerpretdifficultorunfamiliarmaterial.

1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.The“dilemma”(Line2，Para.1)canbestbecharacterizedasbeingcausedbythenecessitytomakeachoicewhenfacedwitha（）

3.Biographicaldictionariesanddesktopencyclopediasare（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisimpliedabouttheintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudiesafewdecadesago?

5.Accordingtothepassage,theexistenceofgoodone-volumereferenceworksaboutAsianAmeri-canscouldresultin（）

问题1选项

A.respondingtoacriticism

B.describingacourseofstudy

C.discussingaproblem

D.evaluatingapastcourseofaction

问题2选项

A.lackofacceptablealternatives

B.lackofstrictstandardsforevaluatingalternatives

C.preponderanceofbadalternativesascomparedtogood

D.multitudeofdifferentalternatives

问题3选项

A.primarysourcematerials

B.introductorytexts

C.excellentanthologies

D.referencematerials

问题4选项

A.Therangeofdifferenttextbooksthatcouldbeassignedforsuchwasextremelylimited.

B.Thetextsassignedasreadingsinsuchcourseswereoftennotverychallengingforstudents.

C.Studentsoftencomplainedaboutthetextsassignedtothem,insuchcourses.

D.Suchcourseswereofferedonlyatschoolswhoselibrarieswererichinprimarysources.

问题5选项

A.increasedagreementamongprofessorsofAsianAmericanstudiesregardingthequalityofthesourcesavailableintheirfield

B.anincreaseinthenumberofstudentssighingupforintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudies

C.increasedaccuracyinwritingsthatconcernAsianAmericanhistoryandculture

D.theinclusionofawiderrangeofAsianAmericanmaterialinintroductoryreadinglistsinAsi-anAmericanstudies

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨题。本文主要讲述了亚美研究中教授基础课程的老师一直面临着不知道向学生推荐哪本教科书的困境。因此C项正确。

2.细节题。第一段指出：Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefieldfinditdifficulttodecidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents（即使是这个领域的专家也很难推荐教科书），因此，D项“面临多种选择的困境”正确。

3.细节题。根据题干关键词“Biographicaldictionariesanddesktopencyclopedias”定位至第二段：Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthecontinuinglackofspecializedone-volumereferenceworksonAsianAmericans,suchasbiographicaldictionariesordesktopencyclopedias（一个复杂的原因是在亚裔美国人身上一直缺乏专门的一卷参考书，如传记词典或桌面百科全书）。因此，D项referencematerials（参考资料）正确。

4.细节题。第一段指出：Inrecentyears，teachersofintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudieshavebeenfacingadilemmanonexistentafewdecadesago,whenhardlyanytextsinthatfieldwereavailable（近几年来，亚美研究入门课程的教师们面临着几十年前不存在的两难境地，当时几乎没有这方面的教材）。因此，A项“能用作教科书的资料极其有限”正确。

5.细节题。第二段指出：sincegoodreferenceworksallowstudentstoacquireontheirownthebackgroundinformationnecessarytointerpretdifficultorunfamiliarmaterial（因为好的参考资料可以让学生获得必要的背景信息并解读难的不熟悉的资料）。因此D项“包含在更广泛的亚美研究的阅读书目中”正确。

10.问答题

Itdemonstrateswhyitisessentialthatwefocuseffortsonmeasurestohelppreventolder

A

peoplefrombecomingillinthefirstplaceandonhavingexcellenthealthandsocialcare

B

C

servicesforthemsincetheydo.

D

【答案】试题答案：D;if

【解析】考查连词。此处表示假设，用连词if（假如）。

11.单选题

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Itmayputtoomuchpressureonteammembers.

B.Itmayharmthecultureoftoday’sworkplace.

C.Itmayhinderindividualcareeradvancement.

D.Itmayresultinunwillingnesstotakerisks.

问题2选项

A.Theycanhardlygiveexpressiontotheiroriginalviews.

B.Theymayeventuallylosetheirconfidenceandcreativity.

C.Theycanbecomelessmotivatedtodoprojectsoftheirown.

D.Theymayfindithardtogettheircontributionsrecognized.

问题3选项

A.Theycangetchancestoengageinresearch.

B.Theycanenlargetheirprofessionalcircle.

C.Theycancompletetheprojectmoreeasily.

D.Theycanmakethebestuseoftheirexpertise.25.

问题4选项

A.Itmaypreventmakingatimelydecision.

B.Itmaycauselotsofargumentsinateam.

C.Itmaydepriveateamofbusinessopportunities.

D.Itmaygiverisetoalotofunnecessaryexpenses.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】RecordingThree

TodayI’dliketotalkaboutthedangersofbeingtoocollaborative.Beingagoodteamplayerisacentralskillinourmodernworkplace.Theabilitytoworkwellwithothersandcollaborateonprojectsisasought-afterabilityinnearlyeveryposition.However,[22]placingtoomuchemphasisonbeingagoodteamplayercannegativelyaffectyourcareergrowth.

Don’tbeoverlyfocusedongainingconsensus.Don’tbetooconcernedwiththeopinionsofothers.Thiscanhinderyourabilitytomakedecisions,speakupandgainrecognitionforyourindividualskillsandstrengths.

Somepeoplearetoosubordinatetoothers’opinions,toofocusedondecisionconsensus,toosilentabouttheirownpointofview,tooagreeabletotakethingsonwhentheydon’thavetimeorenergy.Thisleadstobuildingabrandofunderconfident,submissive,low-impactnon-leadersandhampersthen-growthandcareeradvancement.

[23]Collaborationcertainlymakesyourindividualcompetenciesandcontributionsmoredifficultforoutsiderstoidentify.Collaborativeprojectsmeanyou’resharingthespotlightwithothers.Outsidersmaythenfinditdifficulttodetermineyourcontributionsandstrengths.Thismayendupcostingyouopportunitiesforpromotionsorpayraises.Youcertainlyshouldn’tditchteamwork,buthowcanyouavoidthehazardsofbeinganover-collaborator?

Workinginateamcanhavehugebenefits.Yourteammayhaverepeatedsuccessesandoftengainrecognition,[24]youthenhavemoreopportunitiestoexpandyourprofessionalnetworkthanifyouworkedalone.However,findingabalancebetweenteameffortsandindividualprojectsthatgiveyouindependentrecognitionisimportantformakinganameforyourselfandprovidingopportunitiesforadvancement.

Beselectiveinwhoyouworkwith.Thiswillmaximizethebenefitsandminimizethedownsidesofbeingateamplayer.Collaboratewithpeoplewhohavecomplementaryexpertise.Selectprojectswherethere’spotentialformutualbenefit.Perhapsyou’rebringingyouruniqueknowledgeandgainingaccesstosomeoneelse’sprofessionalnetwork.Ormaybeyou’reabletolearnanewskillbyworkingwithsomeone.Seekoutyourteammatespurposefullyratherthanjumpingoneverynewgroupprojectopportunity.

Whenwe’retoocollaborative,wewanteveryonetoagreewithadecisionbeforeweproceed.[25]Thiscancreateunnecessarydelaysasyouholdmeetingstryingtoachieveconsensus.It’sfinetobecollaborativewhenseekinginput,butputadeadlineontheinputstageandarriveatadecision,evenifit’sadecisionthatdoesn’thaveconsensus.

22.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutbeingovercollaborative?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问的是录音中给出的关于过度合作的信息。录音开头提到过于强调成为一个好的团队成员会对职业发展产生负面影响，这里placingtoomuchemphasisonbeingagoodteamplayer即问题中所说的beingovercollaborative,因此C选项“可能阻碍个人职业发展”符合原文。A选项“它可能给团队成员带来太大压力”；B选项“它可能会损害当今的职场文化”和D选项“它可能会导致人们不愿意冒险”在录音中均未提及。

23.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutpeopleengagedincollaborativeprojects?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问关于参与合作项目的人，说话者说了什么？录音提到，合作会使个人能力和个人贡献更难被外人发现（makesyourindividualcompetenciesandcontributionsmoredifficultforoutsiderstoidentify）。D选项“他们可能会发现自己的贡献很难被识别出来”与之表述相符，因此正确。A选项“他们几乎不能表达他们原来的观点”，录音说的是“他们太过隐藏自己的观点”（toosilentabouttheirownpointofview），因此A选项不正确；录音中只是提到了underconfident（信心不足），并没有提到“合作”对创造力和动力的影响，因此B选项“他们最终可能会失去信心和创造力”和C选项“他们会变得更没有动力去做自己的项目”均不正确。

24.Howdopeoplebenefitfromworkinginateam?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问人们从团队合作中得到什么益处？录音提到，在团队中工作有很大的好处——团队也许会多次获得成功，并经常获得认可，团队成员便有更多的机会来扩大其职业关系网（expandyourprofessionalnetwork），因此B选项“他们可以扩大自己的职业圈子”与之表述相符。A选项“他们可能有机会从事研究工作”这一信息在录音中并未提及；C选项“他们可以更容易地完成项目”，录音中没有对比个人项目和团队项目哪个更容易完成，因此可排除；D选项“他们可以充分利用自己的专业知识”，利用录音中的expertise设置干扰，录音中指的是与专业知识互补的人合作（Collaboratewithpeoplewhohavecomplementaryexpertise），而不是利用自己的专业知识，因此D选项也不正确。

25.Whyisitundesirabletospendtoomuchtimetryingtoreachconsensus?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问为什么花太多时间以求达成共识会令人讨厌？录音最后提到，当我们过度合作时，会希望每个人都同意某个决定，而这会造成不必要的延误（createunnecessarydelays），也就是说“可能会妨碍我们及时做出决定”，因此A选项正确。B选项“可能会在团队中引起很多争论”在录音中未提及；C选项“可能剥夺团队的商业机会”，主要是利用录音中的opportunitiesforadvancement（晋升机会）和groupprojectopportunity（团队项目机会）设干扰，但这些不等同于C选项中的businessopportunities（商业机会），因此C选项不能选；D选项“可能会产生很多不必要的费用”在录音中也没有信息提及。

12.单选题

ChlorineisamainstayinmostswimmingpoolsintheUnitedStates,andisusedtoeradicatebacteria.Abacteria-freepoolwillusuallyensurethatswimmerswon'tcontractaseriousillnessiftheyspendtimein,andpossiblyingest,thewater.Whenchlorineisaddedtopoolwater,achemicalreactionoccurswherebythechlorinebreaksdownintoalegionchemicalsthatcombinetokillbacteriathatmaybeinthewater.Thesechemicals,specificallyhypochlorousacidandhypochloriteion,eliminatebacteriabyannihilatingandthenoxidizingtheabhorrentcells.Whenthischemicalreactionoccurs,thebacteriaarerenderedessentiallyharmless.Thischemicalreactiondoesn’toccurimmediately-individualcomponentswithinchlorinetakevaryingamountsoftimetointeractwiththebacteria,creatinganalmosttime-release-typeofkillinthepoolwater.

Chlorinemustberegularlyreplenished.Astheyreact,thehypochlorousacidandhypochloriteioncombinetocreateaparticularacceptablepHlevelinthepoolwater.ApHisameasureofthealkalinityandaciditypresent;apHvalueof7representsaneutralvalue,and7.4isthepHvalueofthehumantear.ThepHratiomustberegularlymonitoredtoensureaconsistentoptimumrate-oneusuallykeptwithinthespectrumof7to8asmeasuredbyareliablepHmeasuringkit.Asthechemicalsinchlorinecompletetheirreactions,theybreakdownandarenolongereffectiveinkeepingthepoolwaterneutralized.Additionalchlorinemustbeaddedtowateratspecifictimes.Outdoorpoolsthatareindirectsunlightneedtohavewateraddedmoreoftenbecausethechemicalreactiontimeforchlorineisincreasedanditseffectivenessisreducedintheseconditions.Sincethehypochloriteionisanespeciallypotentchemicalcapableoffadingfabricsandpaint,mostpeoplearemeticulousaboutrinsingchlorinefrompotentiallyaffectedareas.Althoughchlorineisinexpensiveandwidelyavailable,somepeoplefindthebleachsmelltoberepugnantandthedistinctaromapresentatmanyswimmingpoolstobeoverwhelming.Thesepeoplemaynotbeabletoenjoyaquaticpursuitsinthosepoolsthatemploychlorineasacleansingagent.Otherpeoplemayfindthatinhalingchlorineatthehighlevelspresentaroundsomepoolsmaybedifficulttotolerate.Stillothersmayexperienceskinirritationafterswimminginapoolcontainingchlorine.Althoughthereareotherchemicalsandcompoundsavailabletocleanswimmingpools,theymaybeprohibitivelyexpensiveorincapableofkillingalltypesofbacteriapresentinthewater.

1.Accordingtothepassage,astablepHvalueinpoolwaterisdependentuponwhichofthefollowing

（

）.

2.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeisto

（

）.

3.Basedonthepassage,whichstatementisprobablyNOTtrueofchlorine?

4.TheauthorincludestheinformationaboutthepHofhumantearsmainlyto（

）.

5.AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutchlorineEXCEPTthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.Ensuringthatthereisonlyaminimumamountofbacteriainthewater

B.Monitoringandaddingchlorinewhenwarranted

C.Payingcloseattentiontothereactionsofchemicalsinthepoolwater

D.Ensuringthatwaterisprotectedfromdirectsunlight

问题2选项

A.offeranunbiasedopinionofchlorine，sefficacy

B.provideanargumentforusingchlorine

C.discussthechemicalreactiontakingplacewithinapool

D.showhowchlorinecankeeppoolwatersafe

问题3选项

A.Itcanbeharmfulifswallowed.

B.Occasionalhighlevelsinpoolwaterareprobablynotharmful.

C.Itcankillmostcommontypesofpoolwaterbacteria.

D.Apool’ssizewilldictatetheamountneeded.

问题4选项

A.givethereaderabaseofreference

B.provideavisualimageforthereader

C.personalizethepassagetoenhanceinterest

D.answerthereader’santicipatedquestion

问题5选项

A.chlorine'sefficacyisaffectedbysunlight

B.chlorineismadeupoftwochemicals:hypochlorousacidandhypochlorineion

C.chlorineisusuallysaidtobemalodorous

D.chlorinelevelsmustberoutinelyassessedinpoolwater

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。定位到第二段“Chlorinemustberegularlyreplenished.氯必须定期补充”及“ThepHratiomustberegularlymonitoredtoensureaconsistentoptimumrate-oneusuallykeptwithinthespectrumof7to8asmeasuredbyareliablepHmeasuringkit.必须定期监测pH值比，以确保一致的最佳速率-通常保持在一个可靠的pH值测量试剂盒测量的7至8的光谱范围内。”可知B项“必要时监测并加氯”符合题意。

2.作者意图题。由第一段“Thesechemicals,specificallyhypochlorousacidandhypochloriteion,eliminatebacteriabyannihilatingandthenoxidizingtheabhorrentcells.Whenthischemicalreactionoccurs,thebacteriaarerenderedessentiallyharmless.这些化学物质，特别是次氯酸和次氯酸盐离子，通过消灭和氧化可恶的细胞来消灭细菌。当这种化学反应发生时，细菌基本上是无害的。”可知作者主要是想介绍氯气是如何确保泳池干净和安全的。

3.推理判断题。定位到最后一段“Otherpeoplemayfindthatinhalingchlorineatthehighlevelspresentaroundsomepoolsmaybedifficulttotolerate.Stillothersmayexperienceskinirritationafterswimminginapoolcontainingchlorine.Althoughthereareotherchemicalsandcompoundsavailabletocleanswimmingpools,theymaybeprohibitivelyexpensiveorincapableofkillingalltypesofbacteriapresentinthewater.其他人可能会发现，吸入一些泳池周围高浓度的氯可能很难忍受。还有一些人在含有氯的游泳池游泳后可能会感到皮肤刺激。虽然有其他化学物质和化合物可以用来清洁游泳池，但它们可能昂贵得令人望而却步，或者无法杀死水中存在的所有类型的细菌。”可知有些人吸入一些泳池周围高浓度的氯可能很难忍受。故B项“偶尔泳池里的氯含量高可能是无害的。”表述错误。

4.推理判断题。作者通过举例直观地解释PH值的知识，让读者有一些了解

5.细节事实题。根据对本文第二段的理解，一旦氯气在太阳光下，那么它的有效性就会降低，而第一段指出氯气中发生反应的化学元素主要是次氯酸和次氯酸离子，但这无法推理出就仅仅只有这两种物质，B项“氯由两种化学物质组成：次氯酸和低氯离子”答案过于绝对。

13.单选题

JimandMiketriedtomovethelargerockbuttheycouldnot（

）it.

问题1选项

A.arouse

B.provoke

C.budge

D.dodge

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。arouse“引起；唤醒；鼓励”；provoke“驱使；激怒；煽动；惹起”；budge“使让步；挪动”；dodge“躲避，避开”。句意：吉姆和迈克试图把那个大石头搬走，但他们不能移动它。选项C符合题意。

14.翻译题

ReadthefollowingshortparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

宇宙间繁星密布，人们以为这之中有一些如我们的太阳一样为行星环绕，而在这些行星上可能存在有智能的生物，或许他们比我们更先进。所以有可能在百万年左右某些生物乘坐自己的飞船穿越太空时，会发现我们的某艘“旅行者(Voyager)”号飞船。星球之间的距离十分遥远，这样的一次相聚可能性极小，但这并不是完全不可能的。科学家希望有机会和我们遥远的邻居传递信息，让他们知道我们这个蓝色的星球曾经是相当聪明的、多少有点文明的人类的家园。

【答案】Amongthestarswhichdottheuniverse,peoplethinkthattherearesomestarsencircledbyplanetslikeoursunandintelligentcreaturesmayliveontheseplanets,maybetheyaremoreadvancedthanus.Soitispossiblethatwhensomecreaturestaketheirownspacecraftthroughspaceaboutonemillionyearslater,theywillfindoneofour“Voyager”spacecraft.Thedistancebetweenplanetsissofarawaythatthechanceofsuchameetingisverysmall,butthisisnotentirelyimpossible.Scientistshopetohavetheopportunitytopassinformationtoourdistantneighbors,lettingthemknowourblueplanetusedtobethehomelandofhumanbeingwhoisveryintelligentandsomewhatcivilized.

15.单选题

AngLeewontheBestDirectorOscaratthe2013OscarsAwardingCeremonyforhissurrealfilmLifeofPi.ThiswashisfourthOscar（）,andsecondwins.

问题1选项

A.recognition

B.nomination

C.condemnation

D.recommendation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项recognition“识别；认出”；B选项nomination“任命；提名”；C选项condemnation“谴责；定罪”；D选项recommendation“推荐；建议”。句意：在2013年奥斯卡颁奖典礼上，李安凭借其超现实电影《少年派的奇幻漂流》获得了奥斯卡最佳导演奖。这是他第四次奥斯卡……，第二次获奖。获奖前都会有一系列影片被提名。因此B选项符合题意。

16.单选题

Thepeoplewerecalledupontouniteinthefaceofanapparentefforttobringaboutthedisintegrationofthecountrybypoliticalintrigue.

问题1选项

A.riot

B.fantasy

C.medium

D.plot

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.riot暴乱，骚乱B.fantasy幻想，想象

C.medium手段，工具D.plot阴谋，密谋

【答案】D

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】intrigue的意思为“密谋策划，阴谋”，和political构成短语，指的是政治阴谋，plot与之词义相近，因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项词义与之不符。

【句意】人们被号召团结起来，直面通过政治阴谋导致国家解体的明显企图。

17.单选题

Althoughheisinhisfifties,his（

）armsareaspowerfulasthoseo