考研考博-英语-广东科技学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东科技学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Mountainbikingdemandshill-walkingstrengthaswellastrackridingskills.Initially,choosegentleroutesamongfamiliarterrain—orrisk______shoulder-carriers!

问题1选项

A.long-term

B.elongated

C.prolonged

D.lengthened

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项long-term用于指“（从现在到将来持续的）很长一段时间”或者“与将来发生的事件有联系”，如：long-termplan。其他3个选项的共同点都是“把……拉长”，但B项elongated仅指在空间上拉长，如：Thenoseistoomuchelongated.D选项lengthened可以指空间也可以指时间，如：Theroadcouldbelengthened.和HelengthenedhisstayinBeijing.但C项prolonged与elongated和lengthened不同的是，它指“持续到超过正常的时间限度”或“延长正常的时间限度”。句意：山地自行车不仅需要在赛道上骑行的技巧，还需要在山路上行走的力量。首先，要在熟悉的范围内选择比较平缓的路线，否则有可能长时间地用肩扎着自行车。shoulder-carriers在这里指“（骑车人成了）扛车的人”。C选项恰好符合本句的意思，因为，在骑车爬山运动中，有时扛车是难免的，但如果选择路线正确，扛车的时间就不会太长，反之，扛车的时间就会延长。因此C选项正确。

2.单选题

Youcannotbe_______carefulwhenyoudriveacar.

问题1选项

A.very

B.too

C.so

D.enough

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：开车越小心就越好。B选项cannottoo加形容词“越……越好”，其余选项非固定搭配且不符合题意。因此B选项正确。

3.单选题

MurovyovkaNaturePark,aprivatenaturereserve,istheresultofthevisionanddeterminationofoneman,SergeiSmirenski.TheMoscowUniversityProfessorhasgainedthesupportofinternationalfundsaswellaslocalofficials,businessmenandCollectivefarms.

Thankstohisefforts,theagriculturalprojectisalsounderwaytocreateanexperimentalfarmtoteachlocalfarmershowtofarmwithoutthetraditionallyheavyuseofpesticidesandchemicalfertilizers.TwoWisconsinfarmers,DonandEllenPadley,spentlastsummerpreparinglandinTanbovkadistrict,wheretheparkislocated，andtheywillreturnthissummertoplantit.

SpecialistsfromtheUniversityofUtahalsocametostudythelocalcattleindustry,lookingtodeveloppossibilitiesforbeefexportstoJapan.

Separately,10NewJerseyschoolteacherswillspendthesummerinthedistrictrunningsummercampsforthelocalchildrenthatwillstressfieldtripsandlecturesonthenaturearoundthem.

Theseprograms,particularlytheagriculturalproject,aregettingsomesupportfromtheUnitedStates,includingfundingfromtheMacArthurFoundation,theRockefellerBrothersFund,andtheUSAgencyforInternationalDevelopment.TheTrustforMutualUnderstandingandtheWeedierFoundationarealsosupportingtheInternationalCraneFoundation'sworkincreatingthepark.

TheWorldBankisfundingasmallprojecttostudythepossibilitiesforecotourismintheAinubasinregion.DeltaDreamVacations,aDeltaAirlinessubsidiary,islookingintoflightstoKhabarovskandVladivostokforecologytours,withsomeofthemoneygoingtosupportthezapovedniks(totallywildpreservesusedonlyforscientificresearch)intheregion.

ButthismoneyhasalsogeneratedajealousattemptbythelocalwildlifeservicetoblocktheMurovyovkaproject.

Theysaid,"Giveustheirmoney,andwe'lldoitbetter,"Smirenskisays.Theywenttothelocalcourttogetacourtordertohaltthecontract.Althoughtheyweresuccessfulatthatlevel,theAtomregionalgovernment,withencouragementfromMoscow,hasalreadymovedtoreversethedecisionasillegal.

"Idon'tpayattentiontothisnegativeside."Smirenskisayscharacteristicoptimisticfashion."Idecidedweshouldcontinuetocreate."

BeyondMurovyovka,thereareevenvastergrasslandsandwetlandsintheAmurbasinthatarevitalnestingareasforrarebirdssuchastheeasternwhitestork,andthered-crowned,white-napped;andhoodedcranes.Acomplexof100,000hectares,forexample,lieslargelyunprotectedinZhuravalini[literally"aplaceforcranes"]downstreamfromMurovyovkA.Creationofanationalpark,alongfortouristuse,hasbeenproposedforthisarea.

Akeypartoftheconservationstrategyistogainthesupportofregionalgovernmentsbygettingthemtoseethatsuchinternationallybackednatureprojectscanleadtobusinessandotherties,particularlytocountrieslikeJapanandChinA.Forexample,thecranesthatnestinRussiahavebeentrackedbysatellitetowinteringgroundsinIzumi,onJapan'ssouthernKyushuIslanD.Thislinkagehasprovedusefulbringingregionalofficialsfrombothcountriestogether.

Lastsummer,100JapaneseschoolchildrenfromtheTamaregionoutsideofTokyocametoKhabarovskontheAmentoexperiencethekindofuntouchednaturethathasdisappearedfromJapan.Aspartoftheexchange,theMayorofTamadonated26secondhandfiretruckstohiscounterpart.

"AfterthisthemayorofKhabarovsksaid,NowIwilllistentoyou,aboutyourbirdsandallyourproblems.'"RecountsSmirenski.Nowtheofficialsunderstandwhatcranesmeantothem."

1.Aprobablegoaloftheagriculturalprojectisto（）.

2.Summercampsintheareawill（）.

3.Projectsconnectedwiththedevelopmentofthenatureparkare（）.

4.Thezapovedniksappear（）.

5.ThepassageimpliesthatprojectslikeMurovyovka（）.

问题1选项

A.reducepollutioninreservefarmlands

B.induceUnitedNationscooperation

C.learnhowlocalfarmsareoperated

D.importnewbreedsoffarmanimals

问题2选项

A.bedesignedforforeignvisitors

B.beeducational

C.attractscientistsandecologists

D.housefieldlaborersandtheirfamiliesNormal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

问题3选项

A.selfsustaining

B.narrowinscopeandvision

C.attractingworld-wideattention

D.amassingscientificdata

问题4选项

A.eagertosupporttheNaturePark

B.opposedtooutsidefunding

C.enviousofthePark'ssuccess

D.tohavelegaljurisdictionofthearea

问题5选项

A.faceinsurmountablefinancialproblems

B.taketoomuchfromlocalresidents

C.increasetheneedforfireengines

D.canpromoteinternationalcooperation

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。通过题干关键词agriculturalproject定位到原文第二段“Thankstohisefforts,theagriculturalprojectisalsounderwaytocreateanexperimentalfarmtoteachlocalfarmershowtofarmwithoutthetraditionallyheavyuseofpesticidesandchemicalfertilizers.”，中文翻译：由于他的努力，农业项目也在进行中，是为了建立一个试验性农场，教当地农民在不使用大量杀虫剂和化肥这一传统方法的情况下如何耕作。综合考虑，选项A符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据题干关键词summercamps定位到原文“Separately,10NewJerseyschoolteacherswillspendthesummerinthedistrictrunningsummercampsforthelocalchildrenthatwillstressfieldtripsandlecturesonthenaturearoundthem.”，中文翻译：另外，10名新泽西学校的教师将在该地区为当地儿童举办夏令营，这些夏令营将强调实地考察和关于周围大自然的讲座。因此最佳答案为B选项。

3.细节事实题。根据题干关键词定位到原文“Theseprograms,particularlytheagriculturalproject,aregettingsomesupportfrom...”，中文翻译：“这些项目，特别是农业项目，正得到多方支持，如……”可以推断出答案选择C。

4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词zapovedniks定位到原文“…withsomeofthemoneygoingtosupportthezapovedniks(totallywildpreservesusedonlyforscientificresearch)intheregion.”中文翻译为：部分资金将用于支持该地区的zapovedniks(仅用于科学研究的野生保护区)。以及文章中“ButthismoneyhasalsogeneratedajealousattemptbythelocalwildlifeservicetoblocktheMurovyovkaproject.”，中文翻译为：这笔钱也引起了当地野生动物机构的嫉妒，以阻止穆罗维约夫项目。可知，C项符合题目描述。

5.推理判断题。根据题干可定位到原文“Akeypartoftheconservationstrategyistogainthesupportofregionalgovernmentsbygettingthemtoseethatsuchinternationallybackednatureprojectscanleadtobusinessandotherties,particularlytocountrieslikeJapanandChina.”，中文翻译为：保护战略的一个关键点是通过让地方政府认识到这种国际支持的自然项目能够建立商业和其他联系，特别是与日本和中国这样的国家建立联系，从而获得区域政府的支持。可知。D选项正确。

4.单选题

Incitieswithrentcontrol,thecitygovernmentsetsthemaximumrentthatalandlordcanchargeforanapartment.Supportersofrentcontrolarguethatitprotectspeoplewhoarelivinginapartments.Theirrentcannotincrease;therefore,theyarenotindangeroflosingtheirhomes.However,thecriticssaythatafteralongtime,rentcontrolmayhavenegativeeffects.Landlordsknowthattheycannotincreasetheirprofits.Therefore,theyinvestinotherbusinesseswheretheycanincreasetheirprofits.Theydonotinvestinnewbuildingswhichwouldalsoberent-controlled.Asaresult,newapartmentsarenotbuilt.Manypeoplewhoneedapartmentscannotfindany.Accordingtothecritics,theendresultofrentcontrolisashortageofapartmentsinthecity.

Sometheoristsarguethattheminimumwagelawcancauseproblemsinthesameway.Thefederalgovernmentsetstheminimumthatanemployermustpayworkers.Theminimumhelpspeoplewhogenerallylookforunskilled,low-payingjobs.However,iftheminimumishigh,employersmayhirefewerworkers.Theywillreplaceworkerswithmachinery.Theprice,whichisthewagethatemployersmustpay,increases.Therefore,otherthingsbeingequal,thenumberofworkersthatemployerswantdecreases.Thus,criticsclaim,anincreaseintheminimumwagemaycauseunemployment.Somepoorpeoplemayfindthemselveswithoutjobsinsteadofwithjobsattheminimumwage.

Supportersoftheminimumwagesaythatithelpspeoplekeeptheirdignity.Becauseofthelaw,workerscannotselltheirservicesforlessthantheminimum.Furthermore,employerscannotforceworkerstoacceptjobsatunfairwages.

Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomicdecisionssuchasdecisionsaboutfarmproduction,rentcontrol,andtheminimumwage.Thepredictionsmaybecorrectonlyif“otherthingsareequal”.

Economistsdonotagreeonsomeofthepredictions.Theyalsodonotagreeonthevalueofdifferentdecisions.Someeconomistssupportaparticulardecisionwhileotherscriticizeit.Economistsdoagree,however,thattherearenosimpleanswerstoeconomicquestions.

1.Thereisthepossibilitythatsettingmaximumrentmay______.

2.Accordingtothecritics,rentcontrol______.

3.Theproblemofunemploymentwillarise,______.

4.Thepassagetellsus______.

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

问题1选项

A.causeashortageofapartments

B.worrythosewhorentapartmentsashomes

C.increasetheprofitsoflandlords

D.encouragelandlordstoinvestinbuildingapartment

问题2选项

A.willalwaysbenefitthosewhorentapartments

B.isunnecessary

C.willbringnegativeeffectsinthelongrun

D.isnecessaryunderallcircumstances

问题3选项

A.iftheminimumwageissettoohigh

B.iftheminimumwageissettoolow

C.iftheworkersareunskilled

D.ifthemaximumwageisset

问题4选项

A.therelationshipbetweensupplyanddemand

B.thepossibleresultsofgovernmentcontrols

C.thenecessityofgovernmentcontrol

D.theurgencyofgettingridofgovernmentcontrols

问题5选项

A.Theresultsofeconomicdecisionscannotalwaysbepredicted.

B.Minimumwagecannotalwaysprotectemployees.

C.Economictheorycanpredicttheresultsofeconomicdecisionsifotherfactorsarenotchanging.

D.Economicdecisionsshouldnotbebasedoneconomictheory.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段“Landlordsknowthattheycannotincreasetheirprofits.Therefore,theyinvestinotherbusinesseswheretheycanincreasetheirprofits.Theydonotinvestinnewbuildingswhichwouldalsoberent-controlled.Asaresult,newapartmentsarenotbuilt.Manypeoplewhoneedapartmentscannotfindany.Accordingtothecritics,theendresultofrentcontrolisashortageofapartmentsinthecity.（房东们知道他们不能通过出租公寓来增加自己的利润，因此他们会投资其他可以增加利润的业务。他们不会投资新建筑，因为新建筑也会受到租金管制。因此，新建公寓减少，许多需要公寓的人找不到公寓来租。根据评论家的说法，租金管制的最终结果是城市的公寓短缺。）”由此可知租金管制最有可能的结果就是造成城市公寓短缺，所以A选项“造成公寓短缺”说法正确。B选项“使那些租公寓当房子的人发愁”文章虽然有提到，但其并不是租金管制的最终结果，故不选；C选项“增加房东的利润”说法错误，文章提到租金管制会减少房东的利润；D选项“鼓励房东投资新公寓建造”说法错误，文中说到房东们并不会投资公寓，而是其他可以增加自己利润的业务。因此A选项正确。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段“However,thecriticssaythatafteralongtime,rentcontrolmayhavenegativeeffects.（然而，批评者说，长期以来，租金控制可能会产生负面影响。）”由此可知C选项“从长远来看会带来负面影响”说法正确。A选项“将永远有利于那些租房的人”；B选项“是不必要的”；D选项“在任何情况下都是必要的”都不符合文章事实，因此C选项正确。

3.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“However,iftheminimumishigh,employersmayhirefewerworkers...Thus,criticsclaim,anincreaseintheminimumwagemaycauseunemployment.（然而，如果最低工资设置得很高，雇主可能会雇佣更少的工人……因此，批评人士声称，提高最低工资可能会导致失业。）”由此可知。如果最低工资设定得太高会导致失业问题的出现，所以A选项“如果最低工资设定得太高”说法正确。B选项“如果最低工资设定得太低”；C选项“如果工人不熟练”；D选项“如果设定了最高工资”都不符合文章事实，因此A选项正确。

4.判断推理题。文章第一段说到政府设置房东可以收取的公寓最高租金，即租金管制可能会造成城市公寓短缺；第二段说到政府设置最低工资可能会导致失业问题。文章倒数第二段也说到“Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomicdecisionssuchasdecisionsaboutfarmproduction,rentcontrol,andtheminimumwage.Thepredictionsmaybecorrectonlyif‘otherthingsareequal’.”（经济理论预测了经济决策的结果，如关于农业生产的决定、租金控制和最低工资。只有在“其他事情是平等的”时，预测才是正确的）。由此可知文章主要是利用经济理论预测了政府控制的可能结果，所以B选项“政府管制的可能结果”说法正确。A选项“供求关系”文章没有提到；C选项“政府管控的必要性”说法错误，文章中提到的政府管控的结果都是负面的，从而不能说明政府管控的必要性；D选项“摆脱政府管控的紧迫性”说法错误，文章最后一段说到经济学家们对评论家们的预测意见不一，且认为经济问题没有简单的答案，所以由此可知文章并没有建议摆脱政府的管制。因此B选项正确。

5.判断推理题。根据文章倒数第二段“Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomicdecisionssuchasdecisionsaboutfarmproduction,rentcontrol,andtheminimumwage.Thepredictionsmaybecorrectonlyif‘otherthingsareequal’.”（经济理论预测了经济决策的结果，如关于农业生产的决定、租金控制和最低工资。只有在“其他事情是平等的”时，预测才是正确的）。可知A选项“经济决策的结果并不总是可以预测的”和C选项“如果其他因素不变，经济理论可以预测经济决策的结果”说法正确；根据文章第二段“However,iftheminimumishigh,employersmayhirefewerworkers.Theywillreplaceworkerswithmachinery.Theprice,whichisthewagethatemployersmustpay,increases.Therefore,otherthingsbeingequal,thenumberofworkersthatemployerswantdecreases.Thus,criticsclaim,anincreaseintheminimumwagemaycauseunemployment.（然而，如果最低工资是高的，雇主可能会雇佣更少的工人。他们将用机器代替工人。价格，也就是雇主必须支付的工资，上涨了。因此，在其他条件相同的情况下，雇主需要的工人数量会减少。因此，评论家声称，提高最低工资可能会导致失业。）”可知B选项“最低工资政策不能总是保护员工”说法正确；根据倒数第二段的开头“Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomicdecisions（经济理论预测了经济决策的结果）”可知经济决策应该以经济理论为基础，因此D选项“经济决策不应以经济理论为基础”说法错误。因此D选项符合题意。

5.单选题

Sofar,thegovernmentofthatcountryliasdone（）nothingtocombatthethreatofnuclearaccidents.

问题1选项

A.perceptibly

B.vitally

C.practically

D.identically

【答案】C

【解析】句意:到目前为止，那个国家的政府事实上没有做任何事情去应对核事故胁。

考查副词辨析。perceptibly显然地，看得出地；vitally紧要地，生死攸关地；practically几乎，事实上；identically同一地，相等地。因此C符合句意。

6.单选题

Ataboutthesametime,someblackChristianswalkedinprotestoutofchurcheswheretheywereforcedtoworshipin（

）sections.

问题1选项

A.segregated

B.sustained

C.connected

D.engaged

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。segregated“被隔离的”；sustained“持续的；持久的”；connected“连接的；有联系的；连贯的”；engaged“忙碌的；使用中的”。句意：几乎同时，一些黑人基督徒抗议地走出教堂，在那里他们被迫去被隔离的区域做礼拜。选项A符合题意。

7.单选题

She’salwaysbeenkindtome—Ican’tjustturn（

）onhernowthatsheneedsmyhelp.

问题1选项

A.myback

B.myhead

C.myeye

D.shoulder

【答案】A

【解析】句意:她对我一直挺好一_既然她需要我的帮助，那么我就不能拒绝帮助她。

固定搭配。turnone’sbackonsb.拒绝帮助某人。

8.单选题

Microsoftreignedforyearsasthewealthiesttechnologycompanyprimarily（）itsownershipandcultivationofWindows—theuniversalplatformforapplicationsonthePC.

问题1选项

A.byforceof

B.byrightof

C.bydintof

D.withtheassistanceof

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项byforceof“用…的手段”；B选项byrightof“凭借，由于”，多指凭借权利；C选项bydintof“用，凭借”，多指凭借某一事物；D选项withtheassistanceof“在…的援助下”。句意：微软多年来一直是世界上最富有的科技公司，这主要是凭借其对Windows的所有权和发展。Windows是个人电脑应用程序的通用平台。这里凭借的是Windows这一事物而不是权利，所以选项C正确。

9.单选题

Arrivinganywherewiththesepossessions,hemightjustaseasily_____foramonthorayearasforasingleday.

问题1选项

A.putup

B.stayup

C.speedup

D.makeup

【答案】A

【解析】putup在某地投宿;stayup熬夜,不睡觉;speedup加速;makeup组成,化妆,整理。句意：带着这些东西到任何地方,他都可以轻松地住上一个月或一年,就好像只住一天一样。选项A符合句意。

10.填空题

Higherinterestratesmakeitmoreexpensivetoborrowmoney,________peoplefrombuyingnewhomesorstartingnewconstructionprojects.(courage)

【答案】discouraging

【解析】【考查点】动词。

【解题思路】逗号前为完整的句子，横线所在内容应为非谓语动词。逗号前说到借贷更加昂贵，后面说______人们购买新房或开工建设新项目，可知前者打击后者积极性，是主动关系，一方面动词应为现在分词，一方面动词discourage的意思为“使灰心，使泄气”，符合题意。因此此处应为discourage的现在分词discouraging。

【句意】利率更高让借贷更加昂贵，使人们不愿购买新房或开工建设新项目。

11.单选题

Myuncleisvery（）;hestillthinksthatawoman’splaceisinthehome.

问题1选项

A.desirable

B.conservative

C.malleable

D.demanding

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。desirable令人满意的；conservative保守的；malleable可塑的；demanding苛求的。句意：我的叔叔非常

，他仍然认为女人就应该待在家里。根据下文可以推断，叔叔应该是非常保守的人，所以选项B符合句意。

12.单选题

Goingintothediningroomwherethebanquetwasgivenlastnight,Icanseethe（）arestillonthetable.

问题1选项

A.remains

B.relics

C.remnants

D.surplus

【答案】A

【解析】句意:走进昨晚举行宴会的餐厅后，我能看到剩余的饭菜依然在桌上。

考查名词辨析。四个选项均为对应名词的复数形式。remain遗迹，剩余（物），残骸；relics遗物，纪念物；remnant剩余（主要的部分被使用后的剩余），遗迹；surplus剩余（指超过需要数量之外的剩余），［贸易］顺差，盈余。因此A符合句意。

13.单选题

GrandmaMosesisamongthemostcelebratedtwentiethcenturypaintersoftheUnitedStates,yetshehadbarelystartedpaintingbeforeshewasinherlateseventies.Assheoncesaidofherself:“Iwouldneversitbackinarockingchair,waitingforsomeonetohelpme.”Noonecouldhavehadamoreproductiveage.

ShewasbornAnnaMaryRobertsononafarminNewYorkState,oneoffiveboysandfivegirls.(“Wecameinbunches,likeradishes.’’)Attwelveshelefthomeandwasindomesticserviceuntil,attwentyseven,shemarriedTomasMoses,thehiredhandofoneofheremployers.Theyfarmedmostoftheirlives,firstinVirginiaandtheninNewYorkState,atEagleBridge.Shehadtenchildren,ofwhomfivesurvived;herhusbanddiedin1927.GrandmaMosespaintedalittleasachildandmadeembroiderypicturesasahobby,butonlyswitchedtooilsinoldagebecauseherhandshadbecometoostifftosewandshewantedtokeepbusyandpassthetime.Herpictureswerefirstsoldatthelocaldrugstoreandatafair,andweresoonspottedbyadealerwhoboughteverythingshepainted.ThreeofthepictureswereexhibitedintheMuseumofModernArt,andin1940shehadherfirstexhibitioninNewYork.Betweenthe1930'sandherdeathsheproducedsome2,000pictures:detailedandlivelyportrayalsoftherurallifeshehadknownforsolong,withamarveloussenseofcolorandform.'"IthinkreallyhardtillIthinkofsomethingreallypretty,andthenIpaintit”shesaid.

1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,GrandmaMosesbegantopaintbecauseshewantedto（

）.

3.FromGrandmaMoses’descriptionofherselfinthefirstparagraph,itcanbeinferredthatshewas

（

）.

4.GrandmaMosesspentmostofherlife

（

）.

5.Inline14,theword“spotted”couldbestbereplacedby（

）.

问题1选项

A.GrandmaMoses:ABiographicalSketch.

B.TheChildrenofGrandmaMoses.

C.GrandmaMoses:HerBestExhibition.

D.GrandmaMosesandOtherOlderArtists.

问题2选项

A.decorateherhome

B.keepactive

C.improvehersalary

D.gainaninternationalreputation

问题3选项

A.independent

B.pretty

C.wealthy

D.timid

问题4选项

A.nursing

B.painting

C.embroideries

D.farming

问题5选项

A.speckled

B.featured

C.noticed

D.damaged

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。题目问的是“最适合做文章标题的是……”。文章全文讲述了GrandmaMoses的个人及艺术生涯，选项A符合题意。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是“GrandmaMoses开始画画是为了……”。文章第一段提到“我不想坐在摇椅上等别人来帮助我”（Iwouldneversitbackinarockingchair,waitingforsomeonetohelpme），第二段提到“想让自己把持忙碌来打发时间”（shewantedtokeepbusyandpassthetime），由此可知选项B“保持活跃”符合题意。

3.判断推理题。题目问的是“从第一段中GrandmaMoses对于自己的描述可以得知……”。文章第一段提到“我不想坐在摇椅上等别人来帮助我”（Iwouldneversitbackinarockingchair,waitingforsomeonetohelpme），可以看出她是一个非常独立的人，选项A符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“GrandmaMoses大部分时间花在了……”。文章第二段提到“他们大半生时间是在农场度过的”（Theyfarmedmostoftheirlives），由此可知选项D符合题意。

5.词义题。题目问的是“spotted可以由哪个词代替”。文章第二段中提到“（她的画作）很快被一个经销商……，买走了她画的所有东西”（andweresoonspottedbyadealerwhoboughteverythingshepainted），可以推测画作很快被发现，接着被买走，因此，spotted在这里的意思应该是“被发现，被注意到”，选项C符合题意。

14.单选题

Theforemanreadthe（

）ofguiltyfourteentimes,oneforeachdefendant.

问题1选项

A.prejudice

B.verification

C.verdict

D.punishment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项prejudice“偏见，成见”；B选项verification“检验，检查，审核”；C选项verdict“（陪审团的）裁定，裁决，（经过检验或认真考虑后的）决定，结论”；D选项punishment“刑罚，惩罚”。由句中的guilty（有罪的）和defendant（被告）可知选C。句意：陪审团主席宣读了14遍有罪判决书，每个被告一份。

15.单选题

Substanceswhichallowlighttopassthroughthemwithoutobjectsontheothersidebeingclearlyseenaresaidtobe（）.

问题1选项

A.transparent

B.translucent

C.luminous

D.opaque

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项transparent“透明的；显然的；坦率的”；B选项translucent“半透明的”；C选项luminous“发光的；明亮的；清楚的”；D选项opaque“不透明的；不传热的；迟钝的”。句意：那些允许光通过而另一边的物体看不清楚的物质被称为半透明。因此B选项正确。

16.单选题

Thepoliceadmitted______amistakeinarrestinganinnocentman

问题1选项

A.tomake

B.tohavemade

C.tohavingmade

D.tomaking

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。admittodoingsth.表示“承认作某事”，为固定搭配。“犯错”这个动词发生在“承错误”这个动作之前，根据admitted（admit的过去式）可知空格处应为过去完成时，因此选C。句意：警方承认在逮捕一名无辜男子时犯了错误。

17.单选题

TheearlyyearsoftheUnitedStatesgovernmentwerecharacterizedbyadebateconcerning______orindividualstatesshouldhavemorepower.

问题1选项

A.whetherthefederalgovernment

B.eitherthefederalgovernment

C.thatthefederalgovernment

D.thefederalgovernment

【答案】A

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：美国政府早期的特点是一场关于是联邦政府还是州政府应该拥有更多权力的辩论。根据题目划分句子成分可知，concerning到句子结尾是修饰debate的后置定语，横线到句子结尾是修饰concerning的状语从句；either…or“或者……或者……”，whether…or…“是……还是……”，结合语境A选项whetherthefederalgovernment符合题意。因此A选项正确。

18.单选题

Theinterconnectionintheglobalfinancialsystemmeansthatifonenation（）onitssovereigndebtorentersintorecessionthatplacessomeoftheexternalprivatedebtatriskaswell,thebankingsystemofcreditornationsfacelosses.

问题1选项

A.accounts

B.defaults

C.bailouts

D.switches

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。account“认为”；default“拖欠，不履行”；bailout“紧急救助、跳伞”；switch“转换”。句意：全球金融体系的互联互通意味着如果一个国家的主权债务违约拖欠，或陷入衰退，导致部分外部私人债务也面临风险，债权国的银行体系将面临损失。选项B符合题意。

19.单选题

Allexpertsagreethatthemostimportantconsiderationwithdietdrugsiscarefully（）therisksandbenefits.

问题1选项

A.weighing

B.valuing

C.evaluating

D.distinguishing

【答案】A

【解析】句意:所有专家都认为，在对减肥药所做的各方面的考虑中，最重要的是仔细权衡风险和益处。

考查动词辨析。weight使变重，权衡；value评价，重视；evaluate评价，估价；distinguish区分，辨别，使杰出。根据题干关键词therisksandbenefits(风险和益处)可知A项符合句意。

20.单选题

The______typistandsecretaryisveryconscientiousaboutcorrectingeventhesmallesterrors.

问题1选项

A.imprudent

B.meticulous

C.potential

D.enticing

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.imprudent不明智的；不谨慎的B.meticulous细心的；小心翼翼的

C.potential潜在的；可能的D.enticing诱人的；有吸引力的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息isveryconscientiousaboutcorrectingeventhesmallesterrors（非常认真地纠正即使是最小的错误）可推知，空格处表示“细心的，一丝不苟的”符合句意，故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】那位一丝不苟的打字员兼秘书非常认真地纠正即使是最小的错误。

21.单选题

Livinginpoverty,shesoldfor1000dollarsthe（

）ofherfather’sfirstwork,whichmadehimfamous.

问题1选项

A.manuscript

B.document

C.file

D.duplicate

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项manuscript“手稿，原稿”；B选项document“文件”；C选项file“文件，档案”；D选项duplicate“副本，复制品”。句意：由于生活贫困，她以1000美元的价格卖掉了她父亲第一部作品并且使之成名的手稿。选项A更符合语境。

22.单选题

AsfarasIknowthe（）

intheiragesis10years.

问题1选项

A.disparity

B.displacement

C.disorder

D.disposition

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。disparity悬殊、不同；displacement取代、位移；disorder混乱；disposition性情、倾向。句意：据我所知，他们的年龄相差10年。选项A符合句意。

23.单选题

Manyyoungpeopleinvolvedinforcedmarriageshavetofacea（）,thatis,theylovetheirparentsbuttheyalsowanttopursuetruelove.

问题1选项

A.dilemma

B.confrontation

C.doctrine

D.conflict

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项dilemma“进退两难”，B选项confrontation“争执，对抗”，C选项doctrine“教义，学说，信条”，D选项conflict“争执，分歧”，句意:许多卷入逼婚的年轻人不得不面对一个两难的境地，即他们爱父母，但也想追求真爱。因此，A选项符合句意。

24.单选题

Inhisfifties,Dr.Brownbecamedirectorofthechemicalcompany,apositionhe（）fortherestofhislife.

问题1选项

A.attained

B.cherished

C.expanded

D.retained

【答案】D

【解析】attain达到,实现；cherish珍爱；expand扩大；retain保持。句意：50岁时,Brown博士成为这家化学公司的董事,他在这个职位上呆了一辈子。只有选项D符合语境。

25.单选题

Researcherswhoareunfamiliarwiththeculturalandethnicgroupstheyarestudyingmusttakeextraprecautionstoshedanybiasestheybringwiththemfromtheirownculture.Forexample,theymustmakesuretheyconstructmeasuresthataremeaningfulforeachoftheculturalorethnicminoritygroupsbeingstudied.

Inconductingresearchoncultureandethnicminorityissues,investigatorsdistinguishbetweentheemicapproachandtheeticapproach.Intheemicapproach,thegoalistodescribebehaviorinonecultureorethnicgroupintermsthataremeaningfulandwittothePeopleinthatcultureorethnicgroup,withoutregardtootherculturesorethnicgroups.Intheeticapproach,thegoalistodescribebehaviorsothatgeneralizationscanbemadeacrosscultures.Ifresearchersconstructaquestionnaireinanemicfashion,theirconcernisonlythatthequestionsaremeaningfultotheparticularcultureorethnicgroupbeingstudied.If,however,theresearchersconstructaquestionnaireinaneticfashion,theywanttoincludequestionsthatreflectconceptsfamiliartoallculturesinvolved.

Howmighttheemicandeticapproachesbereflectedinthestudyoffamilyprocesses?Intheemicapproach,theresearchersmightchoosetofocusonlyonmiddle-classWhitefamilies,withoutregardforwhethertheinformationobtainedinthestudycanbegeneralizedorisappropriateforethicminoritygroups.Inasubsequentstudytheresearchersmaydecidetoadoptaneticapproachbystudyingnotonlymiddle-class,Whitefamilies,butalsolower-incomeWhitefamilies,BlackAmericanfamilies,SpanishAmericanfamilies,andAsianAmericanfamilies.Instudyinginethnicminorityfamilies,theresearcherswouldlikelydiscoverthattheextendedfamilyismorefrequentlyasupportsysteminethnicminorityfamiliesthaninWhiteAmericanfamilies.Ifso,theemicapproachwouldrevealadifferentpatternoffamilyinteractionthanwouldtheeticapproach,documentingthatresearchwithmiddle-classWhitefamiliescannotalwaysbegeneralizedtoallethnicgroups.

1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,researchersunfamiliarwiththetargetculturesareinclinedto（

）.

2.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheemicapproachandtheeticapproach?

3.Comparedwiththeeticapproach,theemicapproachisapparentlymore

（

）.

4.Theeticapproachisconcernedwith

（

）.

5.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheethnicminorityfamiliesintheU.S.accordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.beovercautiousinconstructingmeaningfi.ilmeasures

B.viewthemfromtheirownculturalperspective

C.guardagainstinterferencefromtheirownculture

D.acceptreadilywhatisalientotheirownculture

问题2选项

A.Theyhavedifferentresearchfocusesinthestudyofethnicissues.

B.Theformerisbiasedwhilethelatterisobjective.

C.Theformerconcentratesonthestudyofculturewhilethelatteronfamilyissues.

D.Theyarebothheavilydependentonquestionnairesinconductingsurveys.

问题3选项

A.culturallyinteractive

B.culture-oriented

C.culturallybiased

D.culture-specific

问题4选项

A.thegeneralcharacteristicsofminorityfamilies

B.culture-relatedconceptsofindividualethnicgroups

C.featuressharedbyvariousculturesorethnicgroups

D.theeconomicconditionsofdifferenttypesoffamilies

问题5选项

A.Theirculturalpatternsareusuallymoreadaptable.

B.Theirculturalconceptsaredifficulttocomprehend.

C.Theydon’tinteractwitheachothersomuchasWhitefamilies.

D.TheyhavecloserfamilytiesthanWhitefamilies.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。由题干关键信息定位到文章一段第一句“Researcherswhoareunfamiliarwiththe