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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东碧桂园职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Obviouslyhehasdoneaveryterriblethingtoday,but(

),hecan’tbeheldresponsibleinthecriminaljusticesystem.

问题1选项

A.justifiably

B.legally

C.reasonably

D.understandingly

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:很明显他今天做了件非常恐怖的事,但是法律上他无法被刑事司法制度判为有罪。justifiably“公平地”;legally“法律地”;reasonably“合理地”;understandingly“有理解力地”。根据句意,选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

WhenBartleyHubbardwenttointerviewSilasLaphamforthe“SolidMenofBoston”series,whichheundertooktofinishupinTheEvents,afterhereplacedtheoriginatoroftheprojectonthatnewspaper,Laphamreceivedhiminhisprivateofficebypreviousappointment.

“Walkrightin!”hecalledouttothejournalist,whomhecaughtsightofthroughthedoorofthecountingroom.

Hedidnotrisefromthedeskatwhichhewaswriting,buthegaveBartleyhislefthandforwelcome,andherolledhislargeheadinthedirectionofavacantchair.“Sitdown!I’llbewithyouinjusthalfaminute.”

“Takeyourtime,”saidBartley,withtheeaseheinstantlyfelt.“I’minnohurry.”Hetookanote-bookfromhispocket,laiditonhisknee,andbegantosharpenapencil.

“There!”Laphampoundedwithhisgreathairyfistontheenvelopehehadbeenaddressing.“William!”hecalledout,andhehandedthelettertoaboywhocametogetit.Iwantthattogorightaway.Well,sir,”hecontinued,wheelingroundinhisleather-cushionedswivelchair,andfacingBartley,seatedsonearthattheirkneesalmosttouched,“soyouwantmylife,death,andChristiansufferings,doyou,youngman?”

“That’swhatI’mafter,”saidBartley.“Yourmoneyoryourlife.”

“Iguessyouwouldn’twantmylifewithoutthemoney,”saidLapham,asifhewerewillingtoprolongthesemomentsofpreparation.

“Takethemboth,”Bartleysuggested,“Don’twantyourmoneywithoutyourlife,ifyoucometothat.Butyou’rejustonemilliontimesmoreinterestingtothepublicthanifyouhadn’tadollar;andyouknowthataswellasIdo;Mr.Lapham.There’snousebeatingaroundthebush.”

“No,”saidLapham,somewhatabsently.Heputouthishugefootandpushedtheground-glassdoorshutbetweenhislittledenandthebook-keepers,intheirlargerdenoutside.

“InpersonalappearancewroteBartleyinthesketchforwhichhenowstudiedhissubject,whilehewaitedpatientlyforhimtocontinue,“SilasLaphamisafinetypeofthesuccessfulAmerican.Hehasasquare,boldchin,onlypartiallyconcealedbytheshortreddish-greybeard,growingtotheedgesofhisfirmlyclosinglips.Hisnoseisshortandstraight;hisforeheadgood,butbroadratherthanhigh;hiseyesblue,andwithalightinthemthatiskindlyorsharpaccordingtohismood.Heisofmediumheight,andfillsanaveragearm-chairwithasolidbulk,whichonthedayofourinterviewwasunpretentiouslycladinabusinesssuitofblueserge.Hisheaddroopssomewhatfromashortneck,whichdoesnottroubleitselftorisefarfromapairofmassiveshoulders.”

“Idon’tknowasIknowjustwhereyouwantmetobegin,”saidLapham.

“Mightbeginwithyourbirth;that’swheremostofusbegin,”repliedBartley.

AgleamofhumorousappreciationshotintoLapham’sblueeyes.

“Ididn’tknowwhetheryouwantedmetogoquitesofarbackasthat,”hesaid.“Butthere’snodisgraceinhavingbeenborn,andI.wasbornintheStateofVermont,prettywellupundertheCanadaline—sowellup,infactIcameverynearbeinganadoptivecitizen;forIwasboundtobeanAmericanofsomesort,fromthewordGo!Thatwasabout—well,letmesee!—prettynearsixtyyearsago;thisis75,andthatwas20.Well,sayI’mfifty-fiveyearsold;andIhavelived’em,too;notanhourofwastetimeaboutme,anywhere!Iwasbornonafarm,and—”

“Workedinthefieldssummersandwenttoschoolwinters:regulationthing?”Bartleycutin.

“Regulationthing,”saidLapham,acceptingthisirreverentversionofhishistorysomewhatdryly.

“Parentspoor,ofcourse,”suggestedthejournalist.“Anybarefootbusiness?Earlydeprivationofanykind,thatwouldencouragetheyouthfulreadertogoanddolikewise?Orphanmyself,youknow,”saidBartley,withasmileofcynicalgood-comradery.

Laphamlookedathimsilently,andthensaidwithquietself-respect,“Iguessifyouseethesethingsasajoke,mylifewon’tinterestyou.”

“Ohyes,itwill,”returnedBartley,unabashed.“You’llsee;it’llcomeoutallright.”Andinfactitdidso,intheinterviewwhichBartleyprinted.

“Mr.Lapham”hewrote,“passedrapidlyoverthestoryofhisearlylife,itspovertyanditshardships,sweetened,however,bytherecollectionsofadevotedmother,andafatherwho,ifsomewhatherinferiorineducation,wasnolessambitiousfortheadvancementofhischildren.Theywerequiet,unpretentiouspeople,religious,afterthefashionofthattime,andofsterlingmorality,andtheytaughttheirchildrenthesimplevirtuesoftheOldTestamentandPoorRichard’sAlmanac.”

Bartleycouldnotdenyhimselfthisgibe;buthetrustedtoLapham’sunliteraryhabitofmindforhissecurityinmakingit,andmostotherpeoplewouldconsideritsincerereporter’srhetoric.

1ThenarratorincludesthefactthatLaphammetBartley“inhisprivateofficebypreviousappointment”tosuggestthatLapham______.

2.Lapham’sreactiontoBartley’sarrivalinhisofficecanbestbedescribedas______.

3.BartleyinformsLaphamthatheisanorphanhimselfforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT:______.

4.AccordingtoBartley’ssketchofLapham,Silascreditshisparentswith______.

5.Throughoutthepassage,Bartley’sattitudetowardLaphamcanbestbedescribedasoneof______.

问题1选项

A.managedtosqueezeBarleyintoabusyscheduleofappointments

B.hashiredanofficestafftoattendtothedetailsofthebusiness

C.wishestoenhancehisimageandstatus

D.knowsthatBartleyplanstoaskhimpersonalquestions

问题2选项

A.antagonistic;hetakesaninstantdisliketoBartley

B.casual;hewantstoappearaneasygoingfellowandlaidback

C.cordial;hetreatsBartleylikeawelcomeguest

D.indifferent;hehasmorepressingmatterstoattendto

问题3选项

A.toinsinuatethatLapham’sdeprivationswerenotunique

B.towinLapham’ssympathy

C.toestablishrapportwithLapham

D.tolightenuptheconversation

问题4选项

A.bestowingonhimanhonestandopenpersonality

B.motivatinghimtosucceedinlife

C.exposinghimtotheOldTestamentandPoorRichard’sAlmanac

D.tougheninghimupforacareerasabusinessman

问题5选项

A.cynicism

B.resentment

C.contempt

D.Ingratitude

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.【选项释义】

1.ThenarratorincludesthefactthatLaphammetBartley“inhisprivateofficebypreviousappointment”tosuggestthatLapham______.1叙述者描述了拉帕姆与巴特利“在他的私人办公室会面”的事实,以此暗示拉帕姆______。

A.managedtosqueezeBarleyintoabusyscheduleofappointmentsA.设法把巴利挤进了繁忙的会议日程中

B.hashiredanofficestafftoattendtothedetailsofthebusinessB.已雇用办公室职员来处理业务细节

C.wishestoenhancehisimageandstatusC.希望提升自己的形象和地位

D.knowsthatBartleyplanstoaskhimpersonalquestionsD.知道巴特利打算问他一些私人问题

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第一段“当巴特利˙哈伯德代替报纸上的项目发起人去采访塞拉斯˙拉帕姆的‘波士顿的好人’系列时,拉帕姆按照事先的约定在他的私人办公室里接待了他”,由此可推断,在私人办公室进行的采访肯定会涉及一些私人问题,并且下文对于他们两个谈话的描述也可以看出,巴特利采访涉及到了拉帕姆从出生开始到以后的事情,所以该题选择D项“知道巴特利打算问他一些私人问题”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“设法把巴利挤进了繁忙的会议日程中”和C项“希望提升自己的形象和地位”没有提到,这两项属于无中生有;

B项“已雇用办公室职员来处理业务细节”,文中没有提到办公室职员,只提到一个取信的男孩,该项属于无中生有。

2.【选项释义】

2.Lapham’sreactiontoBartley’sarrivalinhisofficecanbestbedescribedas______.2.拉帕姆对巴特利来到他办公室的反应可以用______来描述。

A.antagonistic;hetakesaninstantdisliketoBartleyA.敌对的;他一见到巴特利就不喜欢

B.casual;hewantstoappearaneasygoingfellowandlaidbackB.随意的;他想表现得随和

C.cordial;hetreatsBartleylikeawelcomeguestC.热诚的;他把巴特利当作受欢迎的客人

D.indifferent;hehasmorepressingmatterstoattendtoD.漠不关心的;他有更紧急的事情要处理

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第三段的内容“他没有从写字的桌子上站起来,只是向巴特利伸出左手表示欢迎,然后把他的大脑袋转到一张空椅子上。并说:‘坐下来!我半分钟后就来找你’”,从中可以看出,拉帕姆是有其他事情需要处理,对巴特利的态度是比较冷漠的。因此,该题选择D项“漠不关心的;他有更紧急的事情要处理”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“敌对的;他一见到巴特利就不喜欢”和B项“随意的;他想表现得随和”在原文没有体现,属于无中生有;

C项“热诚的;他把巴特利当作受欢迎的客人”由解题思路可知,与原文相反,属于反向干扰。

3.【选项释义】

3.BartleyinformsLaphamthatheisanorphanhimselfforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT:______.3.巴特利告诉拉帕姆,他自己也是一个孤儿,原因如下,除了______。

A.toinsinuatethatLapham’sdeprivationswerenotuniqueA.暗示拉帕姆的贫困不是唯一的

B.towinLapham’ssympathyB.为了赢得拉帕姆的同情

C.toestablishrapportwithLaphamC.与拉帕姆建立融洽关系

D.tolightenuptheconversationD.为了让谈话轻松些

【答案】D

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第十七段“巴特利脸上带着讥讽的友好的微笑(withasmileofcynicalgood-comradery)说:父母当然很穷,这是白手起家吗?任何形式的早期剥夺,会鼓励年轻的读者去做同样的事情吗?我自己也是个孤儿,你知道的。”和第十八段“拉帕姆默默地看着他,然后带着平静的自尊说:我猜如果你把这些事情看成一个笑话,你就不会对我的生活感兴趣了。”理解可知,当巴特利告诉拉帕姆,他自己也是一个孤儿时,谈话并没有轻松下来。因此,该题选择D项符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“暗示拉帕姆的贫困不是唯一的”、B项“为了赢得拉帕姆的同情”和C项“与拉帕姆建立融洽关系”从第十七段的内容可以看出来,这三项符合原文,属于反向干扰。

4.【选项释义】

4.AccordingtoBartley’ssketchofLapham,Silascreditshisparentswith______.4.根据巴特利对拉帕姆的简报,塞拉斯认为他的父母______。

A.bestowingonhimanhonestandopenpersonalityA.赋予了他诚实和开放的性格

B.motivatinghimtosucceedinlifeB.激励他在生活中取得成功

C.exposinghimtotheOldTestamentandPoorRichard’sAlmanacC.让他接触了《旧约》和《穷理查年鉴》

D.tougheninghimupforacareerasabusinessmanD.让他成为一名商人

【答案】B

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至倒数第二段巴特利对拉帕姆的简单描述“拉帕姆先生他很快就忘掉了他早年的生活,那贫穷和艰辛的生活,然而,他回忆起一位慈爱的母亲和一位虽不如她受教育程度高,但对孩子们的进步也同样雄心勃勃的父亲,使他的生活变得更加美好。他们是安静、朴实的人,信仰宗教,符合当时的风尚,具有高尚的道德。他们把《旧约》和《穷理查年鉴》中的简单美德教给孩子们。”可知,塞拉斯˙拉帕姆认为即使早年生活贫困,父母教育程度不高,但是他们仍然会尽力使他的生活变得更加美好,激励他进步。因此,该题选择B项“激励他在生活中取得成功”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“赋予了他诚实和开放的性格”和D项“让他成为一名商人”在原文没有提到,属于无中生有;

C项“让他接触了《旧约》和《穷理查年鉴》”表述比较片面,属于以偏概全。

5.【选项释义】

5.Throughoutthepassage,Bartley’sattitudetowardLaphamcanbestbedescribedasoneof______.5.在整篇文章中,巴特利对拉帕姆的态度可以用______来描述。

A.cynicismA.玩世不恭

B.resentmentB.愤恨

C.contemptC.轻视,蔑视

D.IngratitudeD.忘恩负义

【答案】C

【考查点】观点态度题。

【解题思路】根据最后一段第一句“巴特利无法克制自己的这种嘲弄(gibe)”,和第十七段最后一句提到“带着讥讽的(cynical)友好的微笑”,从gibe和cynical这两个词可以看出,巴特利对拉帕姆的态度是轻蔑的。因此,该题选择C项“轻视,蔑视”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】A项“玩世不恭”、B项“愤恨”和D项“忘恩负义”根据解题思路可知,这三项属于曲解原文。

3.单选题

Wehavebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycan’tabsorbanarmyofuntrainedeighteen-year-olds.Butdisappointinggraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrainedtwenty-two-year-olds,either.

问题1选项

A.gotocollege

B.anarmyof

C.disappointinggraduates

D.either

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词的使用。disappointing是形容词,表示“令人失望的”,一般用于事物给人的感觉,修饰是事物,这里修饰的名词是graduates(毕业生),该处应该要表示“感到失望的毕业生”,所以要用disappointed(感到失望的)。句意:我们被告知,年轻人必须上大学,因为我们的经济无法吸纳大批未经训练的18岁青年。但失望的毕业生们发现,它也无法再吸收大批训练有素的22岁年轻人。因此,该题选择C项。

4.单选题

Howsuccessfulpeopleareincopingwithanewculture()ahostoffactors,suchasone’sprimarycultureandthespecificbehaviorthatisbeingmodified.

问题1选项

A.arecontingenton

B.iscontingenton

C.contingentupon

D.beingcontingentupon

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配辨析。A选项arecontingenton“是取决于”;B选项iscontingenton“依……而定”;C选项contingentupon“视……而定”;D选项beingcontingentupon“被视作”。becontingenton“取决于,依赖于”。此外句子的主句是一个从句,即主语从句,所以谓语动词用单数。句意:成功人士如何处理一种新文化……很多因素,如一个人的原始教育和即将修正的具体行为。因此B选项正确。

5.单选题

Whenan'inventionismade,theinventorhasthreepossible(1)ofactionopentohim:hecangivetheinventiontotheworldbypublishingit,keeptheidea(2),orpatentit.

A(3)patentistheresultofabargain(4)betweenaninventorandthestate,buttheinventorgetsalimitedperiodofmonopolyandpublishesfulldetailsofhisinventiontothepublicafterthatperiod(5).

Onlythemostexceptionalcircumstances(6)thelifespanofapatent(7)toalterthisnormalprocessofevents.

Thelongestextensionever(8)wastoGeorgesValensi:his1939patentforcolorTVreceivercircuitwasextendeduntil1971becauseformostofthepatent'snormallifetherewasnocolorTVto(9)andthusnohopeforrewardfortheinvention.

Becauseapatentremainspermanently(10)afterithasterminated,theshelvesofthelibraryattachedtothe(11)officecontaindetailsofliterallymillionsofideasdialarefreeforanyonetouseand,if(12)thanhalfacentury,sometimesevenre-patent.Indeed,patentexpertsoftenadviseanyone(13)toavoidthehighcostofconductingasearchthrough(14)patentsthattheonesurewayofviolationofanyotherinventor'srightistoplagiarizeadeadpatent.Likewise,becausepublicationofanideainanyotherform(15)invalidatesfurtherpatentsonthatidea,itistraditionally(16)totakeideasfromotherareasofprint.Muchmoderntechnologicaladvanceis(17)onthesepresumptionsoflegalsecurity.

Anyoneclosely(18)inpatentsandinventionssoonlearnsthatmost"new"ideasare,infact,asoldasthehills.Itistheirreductiontocommercialpractice,eitherthroughnecessityordedication,orthroughtheavailabilityofnewtechnology,(19)makesnewsandmoney.Thebasicpatentforthetheoryformagneticrecordingdatesbackto1886.Manyoftheoriginalideasbehindtelevisionoriginate(20)thelate19thandearly20thcentury.EventheVolkswagenrearenginecarwasanticipatedbya1904patentforacartwiththehorseattherear.

问题1选项

A.work

B.possibility

C.measures

D.courses

问题2选项

A.open

B.covered

C.secret

D.improved

问题3选项

A.granted

B.granting

C.inventing

D.invented

问题4选项

A.striking

B.struck

C.tobestriking

D.tostrike

问题5选项

A.terminating

B.continuing

C.continues

D.terminates

问题6选项

A.are

B.tobe

C.be

D.is

问题7选项

A.extending

B.willextend

C.extended

D.tobeextended

问题8选项

A.granted

B.granting

C.togrant

D.beinggranted

问题9选项

A.receiving

B.sending

C.receive

D.send

问题10选项

A.public

B.secret

C.close

D.concealed

问题11选项

A.customer

B.commerce

C.patent

D.television

问题12选项

A.longer

B.older

C.weaker

D.younger

问题13选项

A.wished

B.refusing

C.refused

D.whishing

问题14选项

A.live

B.dead

C.working

D.recording

问题15选项

A.temporarily

B.suddenly

C.permanently

D.sharply

问题16选项

A.dangerous

B.undesirable

C.safe

D.terrible

问题17选项

A.contracted

B.sent

C.anticipated

D.based

问题18选项

A.involving

B.involved

C.contained

D.containing

问题19选项

A.which

B.when

C.that

D.where

问题20选项

A.with

B.off

C.before

D.from

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

第6题:D

第7题:C

第8题:A

第9题:D

第10题:A

第11题:C

第12题:B

第13题:D

第14题:A

第15题:C

第16题:C

第17题:D

第18题:B

第19题:C

第20题:D

【解析】1.句意:当一项发明创造问世时,对发明者而言有三种可供选择的。因此D项courses(做法)符合句意。

2.句意:他可以把这项发明公布于世,或,或申请专利。根据空格处前后句意推测,此处选C。意为“保密”。

3.句意:专利是发明者与国家之间达成的一种契约。因此A项granted(授予)正确。

4.句意:授予的专利发明者与国家之间达成的一种契约。此为动词strike的过去分词形式做后置定语。

5.句意:按照契约,发明者可以对自己的成果在一定期限内享有垄断权,垄断后,他就得把发明的细节问题公之于众。Terminate意为“结束”,此为时间状语从句,从句中缺谓语动词。故选D。

6.句意:只有在极其特殊的情况下才可以延长专利期限。此句为only短语位于句首,句子应部分倒装,主语为thelifespanofpatent,因此用系动词is。

7.此处主语为专利,所以应该用被动语态,is被提前了,因此选C。

8.句意:曾经最长的专利延期名额给了GeorgesValensi。这里应用grant的过去分词形式表被动。

9.句意:1939年他就取得彩色电视接收器线路的专利,而且这一专利延续到1971年,因为这项专利在其大部分正常期限内都没有彩电可供,这样这项专利无望获得回报。因此,send(发送)符合句意。而且,空格前为动词不定式to,因此选D。

10.句意:因为一项专利到期后,就永远了。A项符合句意和逻辑。

11.句意:因此,局所属的图书馆架子上有成千上万种专利。根据句意选C。

12.句意:如果半个世纪,任何人都可以自由使用。longer长久的,长期的;older多年的,长时间的;weaker虚弱的;younger年轻的。因此选B。

13.句意:实际上,专利专家们常对开发有效专利而又避免高额费用的人提出建议,避免侵犯他人专利的有效办法就是使用过期专利。此处,wish符合句意,此处逻辑主语为anyone,因此选D。

14.句意:实际上,专利专家们常对希望开发有效专利而又避免高额费用的人提出建议,避免侵犯他人专利的有效办法就是使用过期专利。Live实况播送的;dead无效的;working起作用;recording记录的。因此选A。

15.因为用任何其他方式公布观点都会使之失效。C项permanently(永久地)符合句意。

16.句意:因此,传统上,从其他印刷材料上想出办法是。C项safe(安全的)符合句意。

17.句意:众多现代技术的进步都是这些法律安全的考虑。因此D项based(根据)符合句意。

18.句意:任何一个经常专利和发明的人很快会得知。B项involved(参与了)符合句意。

19.句意:只有把握时代的需求,跟上新技术的步伐,专利才能变成商业实践,做到名利双收。此处为强调句型,应用引导词that。

20.句意:电视生成原理许多原创思路都起源于19世纪后期和20世纪初。

6.单选题

Somefeltthattheywerehurryingintoanepochofunprecedentedenlightenment,inwhichbettereducationandbeneficialtechnologywould(

)wealthandleisureforall.

问题1选项

A.ensure

B.maintain

C.certify

D.console

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。ensure“保证,确保,使安全”;maintain“维持”;certify“证明,保证”;console“安慰,慰藉”。句意:一些人认为他们正匆忙进入一个空前教化的时代,在这里更好的教育、更有利的科技可以确保人们健康和有足够的休闲时间。选项A符合题意。

7.单选题

Sucheuphemismsmaybestylistically"permissible'"iftheyarekeptwithin.

问题1选项

A.boundaries

B.ranges

C.borders

D.limits

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项boundariesn.界限,分界线,边界;B选项rangesn.里程,范围;C选项bordersn.边界,边缘地区;D选项limitsn.范围,限制,领土。句意:这样的委婉用法在文体结构上是可以的,但前提是要在有限范围内使用。根据句意可知,D项符合题意。因此,D项是正确答案。

8.单选题

TheauthorsoftheUnitedStatesConstitutionattemptedtoestablishaneffectivenationalgovernmentwhilepreserving()forthestatesandlibertyforindividuals.

问题1选项

A.autonomy

B.dignity

C.monopoly

D.stability

【答案】A

【解析】autonomy自治;dignity尊严,

高贵;monopoly垄断;stability稳定性。句意:撰写美国国家宪法的人试图建立一个高效的国家政府,

即能保证各个州的自治,

又能保证个人的自由。选项A符合句意。

9.单选题

Likeanoldladyplayingthe______maiden,theseniorpoliticiankeptthemediaandthepublicguessingaboutherpolicyintentionsatthepressconference.

问题1选项

A.domestic

B.tough

C.modest

D.coy

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.domestic家庭的;国内的B.tough艰苦的;严厉的

C.modest谦虚的;不太大(或太贵、太重要等)的D.coy羞羞答答的,忸怩作态的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据所修饰的词语maiden(少女)和keptthemediaandthepublicguessingaboutherpolicyintentions(让媒体和公众猜测她的政策意图)可知,空格处表示“忸怩作态的,腼腆的”符合句意,故该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。

【句意】在记者招待会上,这位资深政治家就像一个故作腼腆的少女,让媒体和公众猜测她的政策意图。

10.单选题

SomescientistshavesuggestedthatEarthisakindof,zooorwildlife()forintelligentspacebeings,likethewildernessareaswehavesetuponearthtoallowanimalstodevelopnaturallywhileweobservethem.

问题1选项

A.conservation

B.maintenance

C.storage

D.reserve

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。conservation“保存;保护”;maintenance“维护;维修”;storage“存储;仓库”;reserve“存储;自然保护区”,根据句子结构可知此处的名词与wildlife一起同zoo构成并列成分,根据后句中的allowanimalstodevelopnaturally“允许动物自然生长”,可知此处应该选择名词reserve,wildlifereserve是“野生动物保护区”的意思。句意:一些科学家表示地球就像宇宙智能生物的动物园或者野生动物……,正如我们在地球上设立荒野地带,允许在我们的观察下让动物自然生长。故正确答案为选项D。

11.单选题

Itisconsiderednot(

)tolitterinpublicplaces.

问题1选项

A.respectful

B.respected

C.respectable

D.respective

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。respectful“对……恭敬的,尊敬的”;respected“受尊敬的,德高望重的”;respectable“可敬的,值得尊敬的,体面的”;respective“各自的,分别的”。句意:在公共场所乱丢东西被认为是不被人尊敬的。C项符合题意。

12.单选题

Janebuysallthefashionmagazines,andshealwaystriestodressin()withthelateststyle.

问题1选项

A.confirmation

B.conformity

C.variation

D.proposal

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项confirmation“确认,证实”;B选项conformity“遵守,符合,一致”;C选项variation“变化”;D选项proposal“提议,建议,求婚”。句意:简买了所有的时尚杂志,她总是试图与最新的风格一样。本句表示,Jane喜欢时尚,总是紧跟时代潮流,那她穿的衣服应该是跟最新款式风格一致的,inconformitywith“与……一致,符合……”,B选项conformity“遵守,符合,一致”意思正确。因此B选项符合题意。

13.单选题

ThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone'sparents.CalledtheMaintenanceofParentsBill,itreceivedthebackingoftheSingaporeGovernment.

Thatdoesnotmeanithasn’tgenerateddiscussion.SeveralmembersoftheParliamentopposedthemeasureasun-Asian.Otherswhoacknowledgedtheproblemoftheelderlypoorbelieveditadisproportionateresponse.Stillothersbelieveitwillsubvertrelationswithinthefamily:cynicsdubbeditthe"SueYourSon”law.

Thosewhosaythatthebilldoesnotpromotefilialresponsibility,ofcourse,areright.Ithasnothingtodowithfilialresponsibility,itkicksinwherefilialresponsibilityfails.Thelawcannotlegislatefilialresponsibilityanymorethanitcanlegislatelove.Allthelawcandoistoprovideasafetynetwherethismoralityprovesinsufficient.Singaporeneedsthisbillnottoreplacemorality,buttoprovideincentivestoshoreitup.

Likemanyotherdevelopednations,Singaporefacestheproblemsofanincreasingproportionofpeopleover60yearsofage.Demographyisinexorable.In1980,7.2%ofthepopulationwasinthisbracket.Bytheturnofthecentury,thatfigurewillgrowto11%.By2030,theproportionisprojectedtobe2%.Theproblemisnotoldage.Itisthattheratioofeconomicallyactivepeopletoeconomicallyinactivepeoplewilldecline.

Butnoamountofgovernmentexhortationorpaternalismwillcompletelyeliminatetheproblemofoldpeoplewhohaveinsufficientmeanstomakeendsmeet.Somepeoplewillfallthroughtheholesinanysafetynet.

Traditionally,aperson'sinsuranceagainstpovertyinhisoldagewashisfamily.Thisisnotrevolutionaryconcept.NorisituniquelyAsianCareandsupportforone'sparentsisauniversalvaluesharedbyallcivilizedsocieties.

TheprobleminSingaporeisthatthemoralobligationtolookafterone'sparentsisunenforceable.Afathercanbecompelledbylawtomaintainhischildren,ahusbandcanbeforcedtosupporthiswife.But,untilnow,asonordaughterhadnolegalobligationtosupporthisorherparent.

In1989,anAdvisoryCouncilwassetuptolookintotheproblemsoftheageD.Itsreportstatedwithatingeofcomplacencythat95%ofthosewhodidnothavetheirownincomewerereceivingcashcontributionsfromrelations.Butwhataboutthe5%whoaren’tgettingrelativessupport?Theyhaveseveraloptions:(a)getajobandworkuntiltheydie;(b)applyforpublicassistance(youhavetobedestitutetoapply);or(c)starvequietly.Noneoftheseoptionsissociallyacceptableandwhatifthis5%figuregrows,asitislikelytodo,associetyages?

TheMaintenanceofParentsBillwasputforthtoencouragethetraditionalvirtuesthathavesofarkeptAsiannationsfromsomeofthebreakdownsencounteredinotheraffluentsocieties.Thislegislationwillallowapersontoapplytothecourtformaintenancefromanyorallofhischildren.Thecourtwouldhavethediscretiontorefusetomakeanorderifitisunjust.

Thosewhoderidetheproposalforopeningupthecourtstofamilylawsuitsmissthepoint.Onlyinextremecaseswouldanyparenttakehischildtocourt.Ifitdoesindeedbecomelaw,thebill'seffectwouldbefarmoresubtle.

First,itwillreaffirmthenotionthatitiseachindividuals-notsociety's—responsibilitylookafterhisparents.SingaporeisstillconservativeenoughthatmostpeoplewillnotobjecttothisideA.Itreinforcesthetraditionalvaluesanditdoesn’thurtasocietynowandthentoreminditselfofitscorevalues.

Second,andmoreimportantitwillmakethosewhoareinclinedtoshirktheirresponsibilitiesthinktwice.Untilnow,ifapersonaskedfamilyelders,clergymenortheministryofcommunityDevelopmenttohelpgetfinancialsupportfromhischildren,themosttheycoulddowastomediate.Butmediatorshavenoteeth,andachildcouldsimplyignoretheirpleas.

Buttobesuedbyone'sparentswouldbeamassivelossofface.ItwouldbeapublicdisgraceFewpeoplewouldbesothick-skinnedastosay:SueandbedamneD.ThehandoftheconciliatorwouldbeimmeasurablystrengtheneD.Itisfarmorelikelythatsomesortofamicablesettlementwouldbereachediftherecalcitrantsonordaughterknowsthatthealternativeisapublictrial.

ItwouldbenicetothinkthatSingaporedoesn'tneedthiskindoflaw.Butthatbeliefignoresthecleardemographictrendsandtheeffectofaffluenceitselfontraditionalbonds.Thoseofuswhopushedforthebillwillconsiderourselvesmostsuccessfulifitactsasanincentivenottohaveitinvokedinthefirstplace.

1.ThemaintenanceofParentsBill().

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

3.Theauthorseemstosuggestthattraditionalvalues().

4.Theauthorthinksthatifthebillbecomeslawitseffectwouldbe().

5.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorseemstoimplythatsuccessoftheBilldependsupon().

问题1选项

A.receivedallpeople'ssupportintheSingaporeParliament

B.wasbelievedtosolvealltheproblemsoftheelderlypoor

C.wasintendedtosubstitutefortraditionalvaluesinSingapore

D.waspassedtomaketheyoungmoreresponsibletotheold

问题2选项

A.FilialresponsibilityinSingaporeisenforcedbylaw

B.Fathershavelegalobligationstomaintaintheirchildren

C.Itisanacceptablepracticefortheoldtocontinueworking

D.TheAdvisoryCouncilwassetupin1990

问题3选项

A.playaninsignificantroleinsolvingsocialproblem

B.arehelpfultotheelderlywhentheysuetheirchildren

C.areveryimportantinpreservingAsianuniqueness

D.aresignificantinhelpingtheBillgetapproved

问题4选项

A.indirect

B.unnoticed

C.apparent

D.unclear

问题5选项

A.strictenforcement

B.publicsupport

C.governmentassurance

D.filialawareness

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。通过题干关键词定位到原文第一句“ThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone’sparents.”,中文翻译:“本月,新加坡通过了一项法案,赋予赡养父母的道义义务以法律效力。”因此,综合考虑,选项D为正确答案。

2.细节事实题。通过题干关键词定位到原文“Afathercanbecompelledbylawtomaintainhischildren.”,中文翻译:“法律可以强迫一个父亲抚养他的孩子。”因此最佳答案为B选项。

3.细节事实题。根据题干定位到原文“TheMaintenanceofParentsBillwasputforthtoencouragethetraditionalvirtuesthathavesofarkeptAsiannationsfromsomeofthebreakdownsencounteredinotheraffluentsocieties.”,中文翻译:“赡养父母法案是为了鼓励传统美德,这些美德至今使亚洲国家远离其他富裕社会遭遇到的衰败。”由此可以推断出答案选择C。

4.推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文“Ifitdoesindeedbecomelaw,thebill’seffectwouldbefarmoresubtle.”中文翻译为:如果它真的成为法律,法案的效果将会更加微妙。”以及后文作者写道赡养父母是个人的责任,并非社会的责任,但是有些人碍于情面,不得不重新考虑赡养父母的问题,可知,A项符合题目描述。

5.推理判断题。根据题干可定位到原文最后一句“Thoseofuswhopushedforthebillwillconsiderourselvesmostsuccessfulifitactsasanincentivenottohaveitinvokedinthefirstplace.”,中文翻译为:“我们这些推动该法案的人将认为,如果它能作为一种激励,使其在一开始就不被动用,那么自己是最成功的。”因此综合可知,D选项是其主要原因。

14.填空题

I’msurprisedthatshehasagreedtomarryJohn.Iknewthathe(1)goingtopropose,butI(2)hertosayno.I(3)whatledhertoaccepthisoffer.She’scertainlynotinlovewithhim!

【答案】1.was

2.considered

3.wonder

【解析】1.固定搭配。begoingtodo打算做…,前面的谓语动词knew用的过去式,因此这里也用过去式was。

2.固定搭配。

considersb.todosth.认为某人会…。

3.语义题。句意:我在想是什么让她决定接受他的求婚的。

15.单选题

Heretheburdenofhisthoughtisthatthephilosopher,aimingattruth,mustnot()theseductionoftryingtowritebeautifully.

问题1选项

A.subjectto

B.carryon

C.yieldto

D.aimat

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。subjectto“使……遭受,受制于”;carryon“继续,参与”;yieldto“屈服,服从”;aimat“目的在于……”。句意:他的思想负担是,追求真理的哲学家不应该屈服于尝试优雅写作的诱惑。选项C符合题意。

16.单选题

Ⅳ.(CriminalLaw)

ThefirstchallengeforcriminalresponsibilityforcollectiveperpetrationsiswhetherthenotionofcollectiveactioncanbemadesenseforthepurposesofInternationalCriminalLaw.AsKutzsuggeststheissueofinclusionandexclusionofmembersfromacollectiveactionis“alwaysbothnormativeandfactual”,because“thechoiceofappropriatedescriptivelevel”remainsamatteroflegalpolicy.Iftherequirementsforcollectiveactionaresettoostrictthenmanyparticipantswillbeexcused.Ontheotherhandtoolaxrequirementsincreaseprosecutor’sdiscretionandallowchargingwiderrangeofindividuals,attheexpenseofimplicatingtoomanyindividualsandpossiblyrenderingpunishmentcontrover

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