考研考博-英语-广东建设职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东建设职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Wehadbeenwantingtoexpandourchildren’shorizonsbytakingthemtoaplacethatwasunlikeanythingwe’dbeenexposedtoduringourtravelsinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.InthinkingaboutwhatwaspossiblefromGeneva,wherewearebased,wedecidedonatriptoIstanbul,atwo-hourplaneridefromZurich.

Weenvisionedthetripasapreludetomoreexoticones,perhapstoNewDelhiorBangkoklaterthisyear,butthoughtour11-and13-year-oldsneededafirststepawayfrommanicuredboulevardsandpristinemonuments.

Whatwedidn’tforeseewasthereactionoffriends,whowarnedthatwewereputtingourchildren“indanger,”referringvaguely,andmostincorrectly,todisease,terrorismorjusttheunknown.TohelpusgetacquaintedwiththepeculiaritiesofIstanbulandtogiveourchildrenachancetochoosewhattheywereparticularlyinterestedinseeing,weboughtanexcellentguidebookandreaditthoroughlybeforeleaving.

Friendlywarningsdidn’tchangeourplanning,althoughwemighthavemoreprudentlycheckedwiththeU.S.StateDepartment’slistoftroublespots.Wedidn’tseealotofchildrenamongtheforeignvisitorsduringoursix-daystayinIstanbul,butwefoundthetouristareasquitesafe,veryinterestingandvariedenougheventosuitourson,whoseoft-repeatedrequestisthatwenotsee“everysingle”churchandmuseuminagivencity.

Vaccinationsweren’tneededforthecity,butwewereconcernedaboutadaptingtothewaterforashortstay.Soweusedbottledwaterfordrinkingandbrushingourteeth,aprecautionthatmayseemexcessive,butweallstayedhealthy.

Takingtheadviceofafriend,webookedahotela20-minutewalkfrommostofIstanbul’smajortouristsites.Thisnotonlygotussomemorningexercise,strollingovertheKarakoyBridge,buttookuspastacolorfulassortmentoffishermen,vendorsandshoeshiners.

Fromateenagerandpre-teen’sview,Istanbulstreetlifeisfascinatingsincealmosteverythingcanbeboughtoutdoors.TheywereatagoodagetospendtimewanderingthelabyrinthoftheSpiceBazaar,whereshopsdisplaymoundsofpungentherbsinsacks.Doingthiswithyoungerchildrenwouldbehardersimplybecausethestreetsaresopackedwithpeople;itwouldbeeasytogetlost.Forourtwo,whosebuyingexperienceconsistedofdepartmentstoresandshoppingmallboutiques,itwasamazingtodiscoverthatyoucouldbargainoverpriceandperhapsendupwithtwoofsomethingforthepriceofone.TheyalsolearnedtofigureouttherelativevalueoftheTurkishlira,notasmallmatterwithitsmanyzeros.

BeingexposedtoIslamwasanimportantpartofourtrip.Visitingthemosques,especiallytheenormousBlueMosque,wasourfirstglimpseintohowthismajorreligionispracticed.Ourchildren’scuriosityalreadyhadbeenpiquedbythefivedailycallstoprayeroverloudspeakersineverycomerofthecity,andthescarvescoveringtheheadsofmanywomen.

Navigatingmealscanbetroublesomewithchildren,butakebab,boughtonthestreetorinrestaurants,wasunfailinglypopular.Sincewehaddecidedthistripwasnotforgourmets,kebabssparedustheagonyoftryingtofindarestauranteachdaythatwouldsuittheadults*desiretotrysomethingnewamidchildren’sinsistencethatthefoodbeservedimmediately.Gradually,webranchedouttotrysomeotherTurkishspecialties.

AlthoughoursonhadstudiedIslambriefly,itisimpossibletobepreparedforeveryawkwardquestionthatmightcomeup,suchasduringourvisitstotheTopkapiSarayi,theOttomanSultans'palace.Noguideswereavailablesoitwasdo-it-yourself,usingourguidebook,whichcheatedusofalotofinterestinghistoryandanecdotesthataprofessionalguidecouldprovide.Nexttime,weresolvedtomakesucharrangementsinadvance.

Onthistrip,wewanderedthroughthemagnificentcomplex,withitsimperialtreasures,itscourtyardsanditsharem.Thelastrequiredabitofexplanationthatwewouldhavehappilylefttoalearnedthirdparty.

1.ThecouplechoseIstanbulastheirholidaydestinationmainlybecause（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

3.Welearnfromthecouple’sshoppingexperiencebackhomethat

（

）.

4.ThelasttwoparagraphssuggestthattovisitplacesofinterestinIstanbul

（

）.

5.ThefamilyhaveseenorvisitedallthefollowinginIstanbulEXCEPT（

）.

问题1选项

A.thecityisnottoofarawayfromwheretheylived.

B.thecityisnotonthelistoftheU.S.StateDepartment.

C.thecityisbetweenthefamiliarandtheexotic.

D.thecityismorefamiliarthanexotic.

问题2选项

A.Thefamilyfoundthecitywasexactlywhattheyhadexpected.

B.Theirfriendswereopposedtotheirholidayplan.

C.Theycouldhavebeenmorecautiousaboutbringingkidsalong.

D.Theywereabitcautiousaboutthequalityofwaterinthecity.

问题3选项

A.theywereusedtobargainingoverprice.

B.theypreferredtobuythingsoutdoors.

C.streetmarketsweretheirfavorites.

D.theypreferredfashionandbrandnames.

问题4选项

A.guidebooksareveryuseful.

B.aprofessionalguideisamust.

C.onehastobepreparedforquestions.

D.onehastomakearrangementsinadvance.

问题5选项

A.religiousprayers.

B.historicalbuildings.

C.local-stylemarkets.

D.shoppingmallboutiques.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。本题是问这对夫妻选择伊斯坦布尔作为它们的度假目的地的主要原因。从第一段内容与第二段开头“Weenvisionedthetripasapreludetomoreexoticones,perhapstoNewDelhiorBangkoklaterthisyear.我们把这次旅行想象成更多异国情调之旅的前奏，也许今年晚些时候会去新德里或曼谷”一句可以知道这家人打算选择一个较为陌生但又与家较近的地方作为旅游目的地。C选项‘这个城市介于熟悉和陌生之间’正确。

2.细节事实题。本题是问选项中哪一项叙述是错误的。由文章第四段中的“...butwefoundthetouristareasquitesafe,veryinterestingandvariedenougheventosuitourson.但是我们发现旅游区非常安全，非常有趣，而且种类繁多，甚至适合我们的儿子。”一句可知当他们到达伊斯坦布尔旅行之后才发现这里和旅行之前所了解到的信息是不一样的，所以A选项“这家人发现这个城市和他们设想中的是一样的”错误，符合题意。

3.细节事实题。本题是问我们可以从这对夫妻的购物经历中了解到什么。由文章第七段中的“Forourtwo,whosebuyingexperienceconsistedofdepartmentstoresandshoppingmallboutiques,itwasamazingtodiscoverthatyoucouldbargainoverpriceandperhapsendupwithtwoofsomethingforthepriceofone.对于我们两个人来说，他们的购物经验包括百货公司和购物中心的精品店，当你发现你可以讨价还价的时候，你可能会以一件东西的价格买到两件东西，这让我很惊讶。”一句可知D选项‘在自己国内的购物习惯更倾向于选择流行时尚和知名品牌’正确。

4.推理判断题。本题是问最后两段内容表明在伊斯坦布尔游览名胜的情况…。由文章倒数第二段第二句“Noguideswereavailablesoitwasdo-it-yourself,usingourguidebook,whichcheatedusofalotofinterestinghistoryandanecdotesthataprofessionalguidecouldprovide.没有导游，所以只能自己动手，用我们的导游手册，这让我们错过了很多专业导游能提供的有趣的历史和轶事。”B选项‘专业的指南是必不可少的’正确。

5.推理判断题。本题是问在伊斯坦布尔，除…外，这家人在伊斯坦布尔见过或参观过以下所有地方。综合上下文，A选项在倒数第四段提及，B,C选项在第六，七段提及，而从文章第七段中的“Forourtwo,whosebuyingexperienceconsistedofdepartmentstoresandshoppingmallboutiques,itwasamazingtodiscoverthatyoucouldbargainoverpriceandperhapsendupwithtwoofsomethingforthepriceofone.对于我们两个人来说，他们的购物经验包括百货公司和购物中心的精品店，当你发现你可以讨价还价的时候，你可能会以一件东西的价格买到两件东西，这让我很惊讶。”确定shoppingmallboutiques是这家人在国内的购物点，而不是在伊斯坦布尔，所以符合题意，D选项正确。

2.单选题

Shewentintoadeep____aftertakinganoverdoseofsleepingpills.

问题1选项

A.unbalance

B.unbelief

C.coma

D.uncertainty

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.unbalance不平衡B.unbelief疑惑

C.coma昏迷D.uncertainty不确定性

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】根据后文“服用了过量的安眠药后”可知，空格处所填词是服用过量安眠药带来的后果，C选项coma“昏迷”符合语义。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合原文语义逻辑。

【句意】她服用了过量的安眠药后陷入了深度昏迷之中。

3.单选题

Theaccusationswebringagainstothersshouldbe（）ourselves;weshouldnotcomplacencyandeasyjudgmentsonourpartconcerningourownmoralconduct.

问题1选项

A.denigrationof…exclude

B.instructionsto...equate

C.parodiesof...satirize

D.warningsto...justify

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配和动词词义辨析。denigrationof“低毁”；exclude“排除”；instructions“指令，说明”；equate“使相等”；parodiesof“效仿”；satirize“讽刺，挖苦”；warningsto“警告”；justify“证明……是正当的”。句意：我们对他人的指责应该是对自己的一种警告；我们不应该自满，也不应该对我们自己的道德行为轻易地做出判断。选项D符合题意。

4.单选题

Eatingdisordershavebeenmostcommonlyassociatedwithwomenandthereforemoststudiesonanorexianervosahavebeenconcentratedwithinthefemalepopulation.Suchgenderbiashowevermakesitlesslikelythatadoctorwilldiagnoseamaleashavinganeatingdisorderoranorexianervosaeventhoughthesymptomsmightbeidentical.

Menarefarlesslikelytodiscussaneatingdisorderwithothermenorwithwomen.Theirdoctorsaremorelikelytodiagnosethemashavingaboutofdepressionduetostressorsomekindofupsetratherthansufferingfromaneatingdisorderbecausesuchdisordershavebeenlargelylabeledfemalediseases.Thisismostlyduetoculturaldifferencesbetweenmenandwomen.

Discussionsaboutbeauty,newdietsandbodyweightareseenasthefemalearenaofdiscussionthatmalesseldomenter.Also,traditionallymen’sbeautyisdisplayedinbodymass,buildingmuscle,andbodybuildingandthereforetodiscussissuessurroundingweightlossisnotseenasparticularlymasculinebecausemen“Don’thavepsychologicalproblems”and“Don’ttalkabouttheirfeelings”eventhoughmendosufferfromanorexia.

ThediseaseisfarmorecommonintheWesternworldthananywhereelseandthereismuchcauseforconcernasrecentresearchsuggeststhatthediseaseisontheincrease.Thediseasemostlymanifestsitselfduringadolescencewhenthesignsofobviousweightlossbecomeapparent.Peoplewhosufferfromthediseasehaveagenuineandconstantterrifyingfearofgainingweight,evenwhentheirweightismuchlessthanpeopleoftheirsameheightandstature.

Doctorshavebeenabletocharacterizethediseasebecausethesufferer’sbodyweightisabout15%belowaveragefortheirheight.Suffersalsotendtoavoidfattyfoods,uselaxatives,diureticsorengageinexcessiveexercise.Becausepeopleliveinaworldobsessedwithimageandafashionandcosmeticsindustrythatforcesanimageoftheidealbody,itcansometimesbedifficulttodistinguishbetweenanorexicsandthosewhohaveahigherinterestintheirphysicalappearancethanmostpeople.Anorexicscanbedistinguishedfromnon-anorexicsbecauseweightlossiscompletelyself-inducedvomitinguntileventuallythesituationfastgetsoutofcontrol.

Sufferersarealsocompletelypreoccupiedwiththeirbodiesandactuallybelievethemselvestobefatwheninrealitytheyaremalnourishedandstarklythinnerthantheirpeers.Theyalsobegintoloseinterestinactivitiestheirpeersareinvolvedinsuchassocializingandveryoftenbecomewithdrawn.Thesearecommonsymptomsinmanyadolescentsbutcoupledwiththeobviousanddrasticweightlossandlackofconcentrationitiseasiertodiagnoseanadolescentwiththebeginningstagesofanorexia.

Theactualcauseofthediseaseisunknownbutscientistsbelievethatbiologicalandsocialfactorsplayaroleandsometimesthediseasecanbetriggeredbytraumaticeventssuchasadeathinthefamily,stressortheonsetofpuberty.

Whileitistruethatmostsufferersofthediseasearefemale,some10%aremale.Studiesshowthattherearedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemaleanorexics.Femalesuffererstendtoviewthemselvesasfatter,moreoverweightthanmaleswiththesamecondition.Malestendtoengageinlessself-inducedvomiting,takefewerlaxativesanddiuretics,aremoremotivationbuthavemorephysicalcomplaints.Ithasalsobeensuggestedthatthereisalinkbetweenhomosexualityandmalesafflictedbythedisease.Theactualfigureisunknownanditisimportanttounderstandthatsuchalinkdoesnotindicatethatallmalesufferersofanorexianervosaoreatingdisorderarehomosexual.Alsotheretendstobeahigherrateinsuicideattemptsinmalesufferers.Thebiggestproblem,however,isdiagnosingmaleanorexiaoreatingdisorderbecauseofthecommonbeliefthatsuchdiseasesareessentiallyfemalealthoughthemedicalprofessionismoreawareofmaleanorexiathaneverbefore.

Suffererscangomanyyearswithouttreatmentbuteventuallysuffererslosemorebodyweight,asmuchas25%-30%,whichleadstochronicillnessandevendeath.Themortalityrateisashighas5%.Othersareluckybecausesometimestheonsetofthediseasecantemporarilycompleterecovery.

Thereistreatmentforsufferersofthisterribledisease.Insomecasessufferersaretreatedbymedication,usuallywhenthediseaseisaccompaniedbyseveredepression.Usuallythough,sufferersarereferredtoapsychologistoratherapistandareencouragedtojoinself-helpgroupsandarecounseledbypeoplewhohavefirst-handexperienceofthediseasethemselves.

1.Whymightadoctorwronglydiagnoseaneatingdisorderinmalesasstressrelated?

2.Inparagraph3,whydoestheauthorinferthatmalebeautyisdifferentfromfemalebeauty?

3.Inparagraph5,whydoestheauthorsaythatit’ssometimesdifficulttodistinguishnon-anorexicsfromgenuinesufferers?

4.Inparagraph5,whichofthefollowingstatementsmostaccuratelyreflectstheauthor’sopinionaboutthefashionandcosmeticsindustry?

5.Inparagraph6,whydoestheauthorstatethatinrealitysufferersaremalnourishedandstarklythinnerthantheirpeers?

问题1选项

A.Mensufferfromstressmuchmorethanwomen.

B.Womenaremuchmorelikelytobeconcernedabouttheirappearance.

C.Thestatisticsarefarhigherinwomen.

D.Somediseasesarethoughttoaffectwomenmorethanmen.

问题2选项

A.Womenthinkmake-upisnecessarytomakethemlookbeautiful.

B.It’snotconsideredverymanlytodiscussfashionandone’sappearance.

C.Menthinkwomenfindmusclesattractive.

D.Malebeautyfocusesonthephysicalaspectsofthebody.

问题3选项

A.Oursocietieshavebecomepreoccupiedwithappearance.

B.Mostpeoplethesedaysavoideatingfattyfoods.

C.Exercisehasbecomearecognizedhealthhazard.

D.Mostyoungwanttohavetheidealbodyweight.

问题4选项

A.Itisresponsibleforalotofsufferingamongyoungadults.

B.Itistherootofalleatingdisordersbecausepeoplewanttobethin.

C.Itprojectsanunattainableimageofperfection.

D.Ithasproducedasocietythatjudgespeoplebyappearance.

问题5选项

A.Toexplainthatthediseaseiscausedbytheweightlossproblem.

B.Toarguethatpeerpressurecancausestresstosomepeople.

C.Topointoutthatobsessionwiththeirbodiesresultedintheproblems.

D.Topersuadethatsufferershaveseriouspsychologicalproblems.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.语义推测题。定位到文章第一段，Eatingdisordershavebeenmostcommonlyassociatedwithwomenandthereforemoststudiesonanorexianervosahavebeenconcentratedwithinthefemalepopulation.（饮食失调通常与女性有关，因此大多数关于神经性厌食症的研究都集中在女性人群中）表明这项调查对女性的研究统计更多，因此选项C符合题意。

2.事实细节题。定位到文章三段，Also,traditionallymen’sbeautyisdisplayedinbodymass,buildingmuscle，andbodybuilding…（此外，传统上，男性的美体现在体重、肌肉和健美上……）这句话表明男性更多关注身体在物理方面的养成，因此选项D符合题意。

3.观点态度题。定位到文章第五段，Becausepeopleliveinaworldobsessedwithimageandafashionandcosmeticsindustrythatforcesanimageoftheidealbody…（因为人们生活在一个被形象所困扰的世界，时尚和化妆品行业迫使人们树立理想身材的形象）表明医生难以区分厌食症患者和那些比大多数人更关注自己外表的人是由于大多数人都想有理想身材，因此选项D符合题意。

4.观点态度题。定位到文章第五段，…fashionandcosmeticsindustrythatforcesanimageoftheidealbody（……时尚和化妆品行业迫使人们树立理想身材的形象）表明作者认为时尚和化妆品行业是促使人们保持身材的源头，因此选项B符合题意。

5.作者意图题。定位到文章第六段，Sufferersarealsocompletelypreoccupiedwiththeirbodiesandactuallybelievethemselvestobefatwheninrealitytheyaremalnourishedandstarklythinnerthantheirpeers.Theyalsobegintoloseinterestinactivitiestheirpeers…（患者还完全专注于自己的身体，实际上认为自己很胖，而实际上他们营养不良，比同龄人瘦得多。他们也开始对同龄人参与的活动失去兴趣，比如社交活动，而且常常变得孤僻……）表明作者在强调患者已经出现一系列心理问题，而患者却不自知，选项D符合作者想要强调的内容，因此选项D符合题意。

5.单选题

BarackObama'shealthreformsWHENBarackObamasignedasweepingsetofhealthreformsintolawonMarch23rd2010,heknewitwasahistoricmoment-andnotjustbecauseJoeBiden,thevice-president,whisperedintohisearthatitwasa"bigfuckingdeal".Hehadsuccessfullyriddenthewaveofpopularsupportthatbroughthimintoofficetodeliveruniversalhealthcoverage,afeatthateludedallhispredecessors.

Buttherealityofpoliticshasobstructedthatgranddream.RepublicanleadersinCongressaretryingtorepealthelawoutright.Severalfederaljudgeshaveruledthatoneofthecentralprovisionsofthenewreforms,an"individualmandate"requiringeveryonetopurchasecoverage,isunconstitutional.AndarecentpollbytheKaiserFamilyFoundation(KFF),anon-partisanoutfit,revealedthathostilitytothelawsamongpoliticallyvitalindependentshasshotupsharply.Oneyearon,howfaresMr.Obama'sproudestachievement?

Thechiefstrategyusedbytheadministrationtowinoverskepticsandtounderminelegalchallengesistopresentthenewlawsasanunstoppablejuggernaut.Forexample,whenKathleenSebelius,thesecretaryofhealthandhumanservices,spokeaboutthereformtotheSenateFinanceCommitteeonMarch16th,shepointedtoevidenceofan"enormousdifferenceithasmadeinthelivesofAmericans".

True,theadministrationhasrushedintoforceprovisionsaffectingconsumersdirectly,inaneffortwinpopularsupport.Forexample,someforbidinsurersfromdenyingcoveragetochildrenwithpre-existingconditions,orimposinglifetimepayoutcapsonanyone.Thenewlawsalsoalreadyrequireinsurerstocoverchildrenupto26ontheirparents'policies,whichwillbenefitsome1.2myoungpeople.Nearly48mpeopleonMedicare,thegovernmenthealthschemefortheelderly,aretogetfreepreventiveservicessuchascolonoscopiesandmammograms.In2010nearly4mofthemgot$250tax-freerebatestohelppayfordrugs.

Allthatseemsimpressive,buthere’stherub:manyAmericansdonotbelieveMrs.Sebelius.RoughlyhalfofthosepolledbyKF'FthoughtObamacarehadalreadybeenrepealedorwereunsureoffooting.Itremainsthelawoftheland.

Theadministrationisalsoforgingaheadwithlessvisibleaspectsofthenewlaws.By2014,whenthebulkofthereform’sprovisionskickin,statesarerequiredtohaveputregulatedinsuranceexchangesinplacesothatconsumerscanbuyplansthatmeetminimumstandardsforcoverage.Allwouldberequiredtobuyinsurance,butthelesswell-offwillgetsubsidies.Thefederalgovernmentisofferingtechnicalassistanceaswellasmoneytostatestonudgethemtowardsestablishingsuchmarket-places.Alas,inthistooMr.Obamahashitsnags.SomeRepublican-ledstates,firstamongthemAiaskaandFlorida,arerefusingtotakethemoney,whilemanyothersaredemandingtherules.Tothesurpriseofsome,Mr.ObamaannouncedatarecentmeetingofgovernorsattheWhiteHousethathesupportsaplan-firstproposedbyRonWyden,asparkyDemocraticsenator-togrant"innovationwaivers"startingin2014.Aslongasstatesmeetgeneralgoalsoncoveringmorepeopleandcurbingcosts,theywillbegivenflexibilityinhowtheysetuptheirlocalinsurancemarkets.

1.BarackObamaknewhissetofhealthreformswasatahistoricmomentbecauseof（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsareNotTrue?

3.KathleenSenelius,thesecretaryofhealthandhumanservices,has（）.

4.AccordingtothepollbyKFF,Obamacare（）.

5.AccordingtoObamacare,statescanbefreeinwaysofbuildinglocalinsurancemarketsifthey（）.

问题1选项

A.JoeBiden,thevice-president,thoughtthatitwasa"bigfuckingdeal".

B.hehimselfwaspopularlysupported.

C.itwasafeatthatsurpassedalltheotherpresidents.

D.itwasauniversallycoveredhealthreform

问题2选项

A.ThatgranddreamofObama'shealthreformhasbeenpoliticallyconstructed

B.RepublicanleadersinCongressdisagreedwithObama'shealthreform.

C.IndependentstookahostileattitudetowardsObama'shealthreform.

D.SeveralfederaljudgeshaveregardedObama’shealthreformunlawful.

问题3选项

A.beenstronglysupportedbytheinsurers.

B.greatlyimpressedbythehealthreform

C.deniedanenormousdifferencethehealthreformmadeinthelivesofAmericans

D.comeacrossarubinpromotingthehealthreform

问题4选项

A.lackedlegalrootingandhasbeenrepealed.

B.wongreatsupportfromthosepulled.

C.seemsimpressiveandsuccessful

D.wasbelievedbynobody.

问题5选项

A.takethemoney

B.cancovermorepeopleandcontrolthecostsofinsurance.

C.regulatetheirinsurancemarkets

D.innovatethelaw.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段指出:Hehadsuccessfullyriddenthewaveofpopularsupportthatbroughthimintoofficetodeliveruniversalhealthcoverage,afeatthateludedallhispredecessors(他借民意支持成功上位，以推行全民健康保险，这项功绩可谓前无古人)。所以，他认为此次医疗改革是历史性时刻的原因是这项功绩，即D项“这是一项全民医保改革”。

2.判断推理题。第二段指出:Buttherealityofpoliticshasobstructed

thatgranddream(但是，政治的现实性使得这一伟大梦想障碍重重)。因此，A项“从政治上说，奥巴马医改的伟大梦想得以建造”不符合原文所述。答案选A。

3.判断推理题。根据题干关键词KathleenSebelius定位至第五段:Allthatseemsimpressive,buthere’stherub:manyAmericansdonotbelieveMrs.Sebelius(这一切听起来甚是美好，可问题在于：许多美国人并不信任西贝利厄斯女士)。因此D项“她在推行医改中遭遇困难”正确，同时排除A和B项。第三段指出:shepointedtoevidenceofan‘enormousdifferenceithasmadeinthelivesofAmericans(她指出‘其在美国社会中业已产生的巨大影响‘这一证词),因此可排除C项。故答案选D。

4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词thepollbyKFF定位至第五段:RoughlyhalfofthosepolledbyKFFthoughtObamacarehadalreadybeenrepealedorwereunsureofitslegalfooting.Itremainsthelawoftheland(凯萨家庭基金会所收集的近一半投票都认为奥式医改方案己被撤销或是仍缺失法律基础。这仅是一时之策)。因此A项“缺乏法律基础并且已被撤销”正确。

5.细节事实题。根据题干关键词befreeinwaysofbuildinglocalinsurancemarkets定位至租后一段:Aslongasstatesmeetgeneralgoalsoncoveringmorepeopleandcurbingcosts,theywillbegivenflexibilityinhowtheysetuptheirlocalinsurancemarkets(只要该州达到使更多人参保并抑制成本的目标，就能拥有如何创建当地保险市场的自主权)。因此选B项“他们能覆盖更多人（参加保险）并且控制保险成本”。

6.单选题

Untilrecentlymostastronomersbelievedthatthespacebetweenthegalaxiesinouruniversewasanearperfectvacuum.Thisorthodoxviewoftheuniverseisnowbeingchallengedbyastronomerswhobelievethataheavy“rain”ofgasisfallingintomanygalaxiesfromthesupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.Thegasapparentlycondensesintoacollectionofsmallsupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.Thegasapparentlycondensesintoacollectionofsmallstars,eachalittlelargerthantheplanetJupiter.Thesestarsvastlyoutnumbertheotherstarsinagivengalaxy.Theamountof“intergalacticrainfall”intosomeofthesegalaxieshasbeenenoughtodoubletheirmassinthetimesincetheyformed.Scientistshavebeguntosuspectthatthisintergalacticgasisprobablyamixtureofgasesleftoverfromthe“bigbang”whenthegalaxieswereformedandgaswasforcedoutofgalaxiesbysupernovaexplosions.

Itiswellknownthatwhengasiscooledataconstantpressureitsvolumedecreases.Thus,thephysicistFabianreasonedthatasintergalacticgascools,thecoolergasshrinksinwardtowardthecenterofthegalaxy.Meanwhileitsplaceistakenbyhotterintergalacticgasfromfartheroutontheedgeofthegalaxy,whichcoolsasitiscompressedandflowsintothegalaxy.Thenetresultisacontinuousflowofgas,startingashotgasesinintergalacticspaceandendingasadrizzleofcoolgascalleda“coolingflow,”fallingintothecentralgalaxy.Afairlyhereticalideainthe1970’s,thecooling-flowtheorygainedsupportwhenFabianobservedaclusterofgalaxiesintheconstellationPerseusandfoundthecentralgalaxy,NGC1275,tobeastrange-lookingobjectwithirregular,thinstrandsofgasradiatingfromit.Accordingtopreviousspeculation,thesestrandsweregasesthathadbeenblownoutbyanexplosioninthegalaxy.Fabian,however,disagreed.BecausethestrandsofgasradiatingfromNGC1275arevisibleinopticalphotographs,Fabiansuggestedthatsuchstrandsconsistednotofgasblownoutofthegalaxybutofcoolingflowsofgasstreaminginward.Henotedthatthewavelengthsoftheradiationemittedbyagaswouldchangeasthegascooled,sothatasthegasflowedintothegalaxyandbecamecooler,itwouldemitnotx-rays,butvisiblelight,likethatwhichwascapturedinthephotographs.Fabian’shypothesiswassupportedbyCanizares’determinationin1982thatmostofthegasinthePerseusclusterwasatatemperatureof80milliondegreesKelvin,whereasthegasimmediatelysurroundingNGC1275(thesubjectofthephotographs)wasatone-tenththistemperature.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,ifFabianiscorrect,gasintheperipheralregionsofagalaxycluster______.

3.Accordingtothepassage,Fabianbelievesthatgasflowingintoacentralgalaxyhaswhichofthefollowingcharacteristics?

4.TheauthorofthepassageprobablymentionsCanizares’determinationinorderto______.

问题1选项

A.illustrateahypothesisabouttheoriginofgalaxies

B.provideevidencetodisputeanacceptedtheoryabouttheevolutionofgalaxies

C.summarizethestateofandprospectsforresearchinintergalacticastronomy

D.reconcileopposingviewsontheformationofintergalacticgas

问题2选项

A.streamsoutwardintointergalacticspace

B.iscomposedprimarilyofgasleftoverfromthebigbang

C.ishotterthangasinthecentralregionsofthegalaxy

D.expandstoincreasethesizeofthegalaxy

问题3选项

A.Itisone-tenthhotterthanitwasintheouterregionsofthegalaxycluster.

B.Itemitsradiationwithwavelengthsthatchangeasthegasmovestowardthecenterofthegalaxy.

C.Thetotalamountofradiationemitteddiminishesasthegascools.

D.Itcondensesataratemuchslowerthantherateofdecreaseintemperatureasthegasflowsinward.

问题4选项

A.clarifyanambiguityinFabian’sresearchfindings

B.illustrateageneralizationaboutthetemperatureofgasinagalaxycluster

C.introduceanewargumentinsupportoftheorthodoxviewofgalaxies

D.providesupportforFabian’sassertionsaboutthePerseusgalaxies

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干意思是“文章的主要目的是……”。文章的第一段提出了不同的宇宙的正统观点并做了初步介绍：Thisorthodoxviewoftheuniverseisnowbeingchallengedbyastronomerswhobelievethataheavy“rain”ofgasisfallingintomanygalaxiesfromthesupposedlyemptyspacearoundthem.（这种关于宇宙的正统观点现在正受到天文学家的挑战，他们认为一场巨大的气体“雨”正从许多星系周围的所谓真空落入它们）；接着第二段就围绕具体的内容展开阐述，提出了不同天文学家的不同的看法；由此可以推知文章的目的是为反驳关于星系进化的被接受的理论提供证据，B项“提供证据来争论关于星系演化的公认理论”符合题意；A项“举例说明一个关于星系起源的假说”和D项“调和关于星系间气体形成的不同观点”只是文章其中的一部分；C项“综述了星系间天文学的研究现状和前景”，文中没有提到天文学的研究现状和前景。因此，该题选择B项正确。

2.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“从这篇文章中可以推断出，如果Fabian是正确的，在一个星系团的外围区域的气体……”。根据第二段的第二句和第三句Thus,thephysicistFabianreasonedthatasintergalacticgascools,thecoolergasshrinksinwardtowardthecenterofthegalaxy.Meanwhileitsplaceistakenbyhotterintergalacticgasfromfartheroutontheedgeofthegalaxy,whichcoolsasitiscompressedandflowsintothegalaxy.（因此，物理学家Fabian推断，当星系间气体冷却