考研考博-英语-惠州城市职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-惠州城市职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Theaccuracyofscientificobservationsandcalculationsisalwaysatthemercyofthescientist'stimekeepingmethods.Forthisreasonscientistsareinterestedindevicesthatgivepromiseofmoreprecisetimekeeping.

Intheirsearchforprecision,scientistshaveturnedtoatomicclocksthatdependonvariousvibratingatomsormoleculestosupplytheir“ticking”.Thisispossiblebecauseeachkindofatomormoleculehasitsowncharacteristicrateofvibration.Thenitrogenatominammonia,forexample:vibratesor“ticks”24billiontimesasecond.

Onesuchatomicclockissoaccuratethatitwillprobablylosenomorethanasecondin3000years.Itwillbeofgreatimportanceinfieldssuchasastronomicalobservationandlong-rangenavigation.TheheartofthisAtomichronisacesiumatomthat-vibrates9.2billiontimesasecondwhenheatedtothetemperatureofboilingwater.

AnatomicclockthatoperateswithanammoniamoleculemaybeusedtochecktheaccuracyofpredictionsbasedonEinstein’srelativitytheories,accordingtowhichaclockinmotionandaclockatrestshouldkeeptimedifferently.Placedinanorbitingsatellitemovingataspeedof18,000milesanhour,theclockcouldbroadcastitstimereadingtoagroundstation,wheretheywouldbecomparedwiththereadingsonasimilarmodel.Whateverdifferencesdevelopedwouldbecheckedagainstthedifferencespredicted.

1.Scientistsexpectthattheatomicclockwillbe（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

3.Itcouldbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

4.Theword“vibration”inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethepassage?

问题1选项

A.absolutelyaccurate

B.moreprecise.

C.heat-resistant

D.differentinvibration

问题2选项

A.Temperaturechangesaffectthevibrationrateofammoniamolecules.

B.Therateofvibrationofanatomdoesnotvary.

C.Einstein’srelativitytheoriesarebasedonthevibrationofatoms.

D.Temperaturechangesmayaffectthespeedatwhichatomstravel.

问题3选项

A.precisetimekeepingisnotpossibleatall

B.scientistsexpecttodisproveEinstein'srelativitytheories

C.atomicclockswillbeimportantinspaceflight

D.clockinmotionandadockatrestkeeptimedifferently.

问题4选项

A.pulse

B.precision

C.movement

D.accuracy

问题5选项

A.Peacetimeuseoftheatoms

B.Atomsandmolecules

C.Thesatellitetimekeepers

D.Theroleoftheclockintheastronomy

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段“Intheirsearchforprecision,scientistshaveturnedtoatomicclocksthatdependonvariousvibratingatomsormoleculestosupplytheir‘ticking’.”，中文翻译为：在追求精确性过程中，科学家们已经转向于原子钟，它依赖于各种振动的原子或分子，以提供它们的“滴答声”。综合可知，B选项符合题意，科学家们希望原子钟更加准确。

2.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段中“TheheartofthisAtomichronisacesiumatomthatvibrates9.2billiontimesasecondwhenheatedtothetemperatureofboilingwater.”，中文翻译为：这个原子钟的中心是一个铯原子，当加热到沸水的温度时，它每秒振动92亿次。因此，A项“温度变化影响氨分子的振动速率”正确。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章尾段“Placedinanorbitingsatellitemovingataspeedof18,000milesanhour,theclockcouldbroadcastitstimereadingtoagroundstation,wheretheywouldbecomparedwiththereadingsonasimilarmodel.”，中文翻译为：在以每小时18000英里的速度运行的轨道卫星中，时钟可以将其时间读数广播到地面站，并在地面站与类似模型上的读数进行比较。可以推测出C选项“原子钟在太空飞行中将起重要作用”。

4.词义猜测题。由题干关键词“vibration”可以定位到文中“Thisispossiblebecauseeachkindofatomormoleculehasitsowncharacteristicrateofvibration.”，中文翻译为：这是可能的，因为每种原子或分子都有其特有的……速率。以及“Thenitrogenatominammonia,forexample:vibratesor‘ticks’24billiontimesasecond.”，中文翻译为：例如，氨中的氮原子每秒……或“滴答”240亿次。可以得知A选项“振动”正确。

5.主旨大意题。通读全文可知文中主要介绍原子钟的计时精确度、特性和相关原理，以及它在天文领域的一些应用。推测出A选项“和平时期原子的使用”正确。

2.单选题

Havingfinishedtheirmorningwork,theclerksstoodupbehindtheirdesks,（

）themselves.

问题1选项

A.expanding

B.stretching

C.prolonging

D.extending

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项expand“扩张，使膨胀”；B选项stretch“伸展，张开”；C选项prolong“延长，拖延（延长时间）”；D选项extend“延伸，扩大，推广，伸出”。stretchoneself固定搭配的意思是“伸懒腰，伸展身体”，句意为：做完早上的工作后，职员们从桌子后面站起来，伸展伸展身体。故正确答案选B。

3.单选题

Acobwebglisteningwithdewseemsas______asitislovely.

问题1选项

A.frigid

B.fragile

C.strident

D.tedious

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项frigid“寒冷的，严寒的；冷淡的”；B选项fragile“脆的；易碎的”；C选项strident“刺耳的；尖锐的；吱吱尖叫的；轧轧作响的”；D选项tedious“沉闷的；冗长乏味的”。由“有露珠闪烁的蜘蛛网看上去又_____，又可爱”可知空格处的词语要与cobweb（蜘蛛网）在逻辑上搭配，且与lovely的感情色彩一致，句意：有露珠闪烁的蜘蛛网看上去又脆弱，又可爱。因此B选项正确。

4.单选题

Leonardojustdiscoveredthathispassporthad（

）threemonthsago.

问题1选项

A.constrained

B.abolished

C.amended

D.expired

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。constrain意为“强迫”；abolish意为“废除，废止”；amend意为“改良，修改”；expire意为“(因到期而)失效，到期”。

句意：Leonardo刚刚发现他的护照已经过期三个月了。

5.单选题

“TheGooglebrandhastakenonalifeofitsown,”concedesJimLanzone,thebossofA,thefourth-largestbutfastest-growingsearchengine,andthissimultaneouslyfrustratesanddelightshim.Itfrustrateshimbemusepeoplesaythey“Google”thingsevenwhentheygotoAskorotherenginestosearchtheweb;bemuseGoogleisconsidered,fornogoodreason(inhisopinion),“thesafechoiceunderpressure”;andbemusemanypeople“don’tseemtowantchoice”andsticktoGoogleoutofmereinertia.

Butitdelightshim,becauseGoogle,havingmademanyenemies,mustnowfightmanybattles;andbecauseGoogle,perhapsoutofhubris,appearstobegettingdistracted.Thismonth,forinstance,Googleunveiledafreeonlinespreadsheetprogram,which,likemanyGoogleproducts,haslittletodowithwebsearchandismeanttoneedleMicrosoft,theworld’slargestsoftwarecompany,whichhasanear-monopolyonspreadsheetsthroughExcel.Google,inotherwords,hasimpressivemomentum,saysMr.Lanzone,butagoodmartial-artistcanusehisopponent’smomentumtoovercomehim,so“we’reusingsearchaikido”.

Yahoo!,thelargestinternetportalwithabout400musers(ofitse-mail,instant-messaging,musicandotherproducts),hascomeupwithastrategytodifferentiateitsownsearchengine.Yahoo!hasbeenatthisgameforonlytwoyears,butnowhashundredsofengineersworkingonit.Incontrasttothequasi-religiousfaiththatGoogleplacesinitsmathematicalalgorithms,saysEckartWalther,oneofYahoo!’ssearchbosses,Yahoo!is“aboutcombiningthebestofpeoplewiththebestoftechnology”.

Askistakingadifferenttack.IthascomeupwithExpertRank,analgorithmthatalsorankswebpagesbyincominglinksandlinksbytheme.Soinsteadofusingawebpage’soverallpopularitytocalculateitsranking,itfindsthepagesthataremostpopularamongexpertsonaparticularsubject,amethodthatoftenreturnsbetterresultsthanGoogle’s.Askalsousesthesethematicclusterstosuggestthebestwaystonarroworexpandasearch,afeaturecalled“zoom”thatisverypopular.ChrisShermanofSearchEngineWatchthinksthatAskisasgoodasGoogleforgeneralwebsearch—butbetterthanGenieforfindingonlinemapsandimages.

AsforMicrosoft,ithasidentifiedGoogleasamortalthreattoitsbusinessandhaslaunchedanall-outefforttocatchupinonlineservicesingeneral,andinsearchinparticular.Lastwinter,ittriedtobuyitselfmarketsharebynegotiatingwithAOLforamerger—oratleastanagreementunderwhichAOLwouldswitchfromGoogle’ssearchtechnologytoMSN’s;butGooglepre-emptedMicrosoftanditselftookadefensivestakeinAOL.Microsofthasalsohiredformerrivalswhoarewellrespectedintheindustry.

1.Whatisthecentralideaofthispassage?

2.WhatisthepotentialcrisisforGoogleaccordingtoJimLanzone?

3.Whatisthepossiblemeaningof“aikido”inParagraph2?

4.WhichofthestatementisNOTtrueaboutExpertRank?

5.WhichisthereactiontakentocopewithGoogle’schallenge?

问题1选项

A.Googlemanagestoseizemoremarketshareinsoftwarebusiness.

B.Google’sgrowththreatenscompanieslikeMicrosofttoalargeextent.

C.Googledominatestheon-linesearchmarket.

D.Googleisconfrontedwithstiffcompetition.

问题2选项

A.Itsrivalsaretryingtoformalliance.

B.Googleextendsintovariousfields.

C.Googleoverestimatesitstechnique.

D.Google’snewon-lineprogramattractsmoreusers.

问题3选项

A.Observingthepowercontrastbetweenthetwosides.

B.Temporarycompromisinginattempttolaunchaviolentfight-back.

C.Defendingoneselfbymakinguseoftherival’sstrength.

D.Attackingtheobviousweaknessoftheopponent.

问题4选项

A.Rankingisseldomcountedbythepage’spopularity.

B.Relevantinformationcanbeeffectivelyandefficientlysought.

C.Itsearchesinformationprevailinginexpertsonparticulartopics.

D.ItevenoutdoesGoogle.

问题5选项

A.Developingspreadsheetswithbetterfunctions.

B.Theadditionofhumanisticconsiderationtoarithmeticrules.

C.Linkingpagesbythemes.

D.CombingtherivalsofGoogle.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出谷歌在搜索引擎业务的用户有转向使用其他搜索引擎的意愿，第二段提出谷歌扩展业务遇到强劲对手，接下来三段都在讲谷歌的竞争对手具体采取的措施和谷歌竞争，D选项“谷歌面临激烈竞争”正确。A选项“谷歌设法在软件业务中夺取更多的市场份额”，B选项“谷歌的增长在很大程度上威胁到了微软这样的公司”和C选项“谷歌主导了在线搜索市场”：是文章的部分内容，不足以概括全文。因此D选项正确。

2.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】语义推测题。文章在第一段提出许多人因为惯性而用谷歌，第二段第一句提出Butitdelightshim,becauseGoogle,havingmademanyenemies,mustnowfightmanybattles;andbecauseGoogle,perhapsoutofhubris,appearstobegettingdistracted.（但他很高兴，因为他已经树敌无数，现在必须打许多仗；因为谷歌，也许是狂妄自大，似乎分心了。），第二段第二句提出Thismonth,forinstance,Googleunveiledafreeonlinespreadsheetprogram（例如，本月谷歌推出了一款免费的在线电子表格程序），列举了谷歌在其他领域的业务，可知这里表示的是谷歌的业务扩展到各个领域，一方面对外有很多竞争者，一方面对内可能精力不足，B选项“谷歌扩展到各个领域”正确。A选项“其对手正试图结成联盟”，C选项“谷歌高估了它的技术”和D选项“谷歌新的在线节目吸引了更多的用户”：文中没有提到。因此B选项正确。

3.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】语义推测题。aikido的意思是“合气道（以擒、摔为主的一种日本武术）”。根据第二段最后一句agoodmartial-artistcanusehisopponent’smomentumtoovercomehim,so“we’reusingsearchaikido”（一个好的武术家可以利用他的对手的势头来战胜他，所以“我们使用搜索合气道”），所以在这里合气道的意思是利用对手的攻势来反攻对方，C选项“利用对手的力量保护自己”正确。A选项“观察双方的力量对比”，B选项“为了发动暴力反击而做出的暂时妥协”和D选项“攻击对手的明显弱点”：不符合题意。因此C选项正确。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第三句Soinsteadofusingawebpage’soverallpopularitytocalculateitsranking,itfindsthepagesthataremostpopularamongexpertsonaparticularsubject,amethodthatoftenreturnsbetterresultsthanGoogle’s.（因此，它不是按照网页总浏览量来计算排序，而是通过专家对某个题目的关注程度排序，这种方法得到的结果往往比谷歌更好。），可知完全不以网页的受欢迎程度计算排名，A选项“排序很少以页面的受欢迎程度来计算”不符合文章内容，故正确；C选项“它搜索专家对特定主题的常关注的信息”和D选项“它甚至超过谷歌”符合文章内容。根据第四段最后一句AskisasgoodasGoogleforgeneralwebsearch—butbetterthanGenieforfindingonlinemapsandimages（在一般的网络搜索方面，Ask和谷歌一样好，但在搜索在线地图和图像方面要比Genie好），可知B选项“能够有效和高效地寻找相关信息”符合文章内容。因此A选项正确。

5.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】语义推测题。根据第四段最后一句ChrisShermanofSearchEngineWatchthinksthatAskisasgoodasGoogleforgeneralwebsearch—butbetterthanGenieforfindingonlinemapsandimages.（SearchEngineWatch的克里斯•谢尔曼认为，在一般的网络搜索方面，Ask和谷歌一样好，但在搜索在线地图和图像方面要比Genie好。）和第五段第二句Lastwinter,ittriedtobuyitselfmarketsharebynegotiatingwithAOLforamerger—oratleastanagreementunderwhichAOLwouldswitchfromGoogle’ssearchtechnologytoMSN’s（去年冬天，它试图通过与AOL的谈判来购买自己的市场份额——或者至少达成一项协议，让AOL从谷歌的搜索技术转向MSN的搜索技术），可知各个公司在关注谷歌竞争对手的产品质量以及和其他公司联合，D选项“观察联合谷歌的竞争对手”正确。A选项“开发功能更好的电子表格”：不是任何一个公司的举措。B选项“算术规则中增加了对于人文的考虑”：根据第三段最后一句Yahoo!is“aboutcombiningthebestofpeoplewiththebestoftechnology”（雅虎是“将最优秀的人与最优秀的技术结合起来”），可知这是雅虎的措施。C选项“通过主题链接页面”：根据第四段第二句IthascomeupwithExpertRank,analgorithmthatalsorankswebpagesbyincominglinksandlinksbytheme.（Ask推出了“专家排名”算法，该算法还可以根据传入链接和主题对网页进行排名。），可知这是Ask的措施。因此C选项正确。

6.单选题

Hisparentsgavehimmanyexpensivetoysassomeformof（

）forhislamenessandinabilitytoplayactivegames.

问题1选项

A.remedy

B.compensation

C.treatment

D.comfort

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项remedy“补救”；B选项compensation“补偿，报酬”；C选项treatment“治疗，处理”；D选项comfort“安慰，舒适”。句意：他的父母给了他许多昂贵的玩具，作为他跛脚而不能玩活动类游戏的某种补偿。选项B符合句意。

7.单选题

Thereismuchdiscussiontodayabouttheneedforthegovernmentto______thetheater.

问题1选项

A.substitute

B.subsidize

C.subscribe

D.subordinate

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.substitute代替；取代B.subsidize资助；补助

C.subscribe申请；预订D.subordinate使从属于

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键词government和theater，结合四个选项可知，政府对于剧院应该是资助，故该题选择B项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】今天有很多关于政府资助剧院的必要性的讨论。

8.单选题

问题1选项

A.Japan.t

B.France.t

C.TheUK.t

D.SouthKorea.

问题2选项

A.Lowobesityrates.

B.Inadequatehealthresources.

C.Advancedmedicaltechnology.

D.Highlevelsofalcoholconsumption.

问题3选项

A.Obesityratesindifferentcountries.

B.Dietarypatternsindifferentcountries.

C.Lifeexpectancyindifferentcountries.

D.Alcoholconsumptionindifferentcountries.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

【解析】第1题:男性说到“Anewanalysisfoundthatbytheyear2030,theSouthKoreawillbetheleaderwithanaveragelifeexpectancyof90years”，说明韩国人的预期寿命会在2030年领先。

第2题:最后一句说到“ButintheUK,therehasbeenalotmoredrinking”，说明在英国，喝酒的现象很多，因此D选项“大量饮酒”正确。

第3题:对话以一个问句“whichcountrydoyouthinkhasthecurrenthighestlifeexpectancy（你认为哪个国家的预期寿命最高）”开头，再讲到了日本、韩国、英国及法国的一些情况，说明本段对话讲的主题就是各个国家的预期寿命情况，C选项正确。

9.单选题

A（）statementwillverylikelybeonethatappearstobeconvincingonthesurface,butwhich,uponcloserexamination,isnotso.

问题1选项

A.plausible

B.reasonable

C.credible

D.laudable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项plausible“看似可信的，花言巧语的”；B选项reasonable“合理的，公道的”；C选项credible“可靠的，可信的”；D选项laudable“可赞誉的，值得称赞的”。句意：一个看似可信的陈述很可能是表面上看起来令人信服的，但在仔细检查后，却并非如此。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。

10.翻译题

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

ThehealthprofilesofmanyracialandethnicminoritiesreflectthesocialinequalityevidentintheUnitedStates.(46)ThepooreconomicandenvironmentalconditionsofgroupssuchasAfricanAmericans,Hispanics,andNativeAmericansaremanifestedinhighmorbidityandmortalityratesforthesegroups.Itistruethatsomeafflictions,suchassingle-cellanemiaamongBlacks,haveacleargenericbasis.Butinmostinstances,environmentalfactorscontributetothedifferentialratesofdiseaseanddeath.

Inmanyrespects,themortalityratesforAfricanAmericansaredistressing.ComparedwithWhites,Blackshavehigherdeathratesfromheartdisease,pneumonia,diabetes,andcancer.ThedeathratefromstrokeistwiceashighamongAfricanAmericans.(47)SuchepidemiologicalfindingsreflectinpartthefactthatahighproportionofBlacksarefoundamongthenation’slowerclass.AccordingtotheNationalCenterofHealthStatistics,Whitescanexpecttolive77.7years.Incontrast,lifeexpectancyforBlacksis72.3years(Arias2004).

Asnotedearlier,infantmortalityisregardedasaprimaryindicatorofhealthcare.ThereisasignificantgapintheUnitedStatesbetweentheinfantmortalityratesofAfricanAmericansandWhites.Generally,therateofinfantdeathismorethantwiceashighamongBlacks.AfricanAmericansaccountfor15percentofalllivebirthsinthenationbut29percentofinfantdeaths.PertoRicansandNativeAmericanshavemortalityratesthatarelowerthanAfricanAmericans’buthigherthanWhites’(MacDormanetal.2005).

Themedicalestablishmentisnotexemptfromracism.(48)Unfortunately,themediaoftenfocusonobviousformsofracism,suchashatecrimes,whileoverlookingmoreinsidiousformsinsocialinstitutionslikethemedicalestablishment.Onereviewofmorethan100studiesconductedoverthelastdecadeconcludedthatminoritiesreceiveinferiorcareevenwhentheyareinsured.(49)Despitehavingaccesstocare,Blacks,Latinos,andAmericanIndiansaretreatedunequallyasaresultofracialprejudiceanddifferencesintheequalityofvarioushealthcareplans.Furthermore,nationalclinicalstudieshaveshownthatevenallowingfordifferencesinincomeandinsurancecoverage,racialandethnicminoritiesarelesslikelythanothergroupstoreceivebothstandardhealthcareandlife-savingtreatmentforconditionssuchasHIVinfection(CaesarandWilliams2002;Smedleyetal.2002;Steyerbergetal.2005).

Drawingontheconflictperspective,sociologistHowardWaitzkin(1986)suggeststhatracialtensionsalsocontributetothemedicalproblemsofBlacks.Inhisview,thestressthatresultsfromracialprejudiceanddiscriminationhelpstoexplainthehigherratesofhypertensionfoundamongAfricanAmericans(andHispanics)comparedtoWhites.(50)Hypertension—twiceascommoninBlacksasinWhites—isbelievedtobeacriticalfactorinBlacks’highmortalityratesfromheartdisease,kidneydisease,andstroke(MorehouseMedicalTreatmentandEffectivenessCenter1999).

SomeMexicanAmericansandmanyotherLatinosadheretoculturalbeliefsthatmakethemlesslikelytousetheestablishedmedicalsystem.TheymayinterprettheirillnessaccordingtotraditionalLatinofolkmedicine,orcuranderismo—aformofholistichealthcareandhealing.

【答案】【参考译文】

46.非洲裔、西班牙裔和美洲土著等群体的经济和环境条件恶劣表现在这些群体有很高的发病率和死亡率。

47.这样的流行病学调查结果在一定程度上反映了这样一个事实，即在美国的底层人群中，黑人比例较高。

48.不幸的是，媒体往往关注的是明显的种族主义形式，如仇恨犯罪，而忽视了社会机构中存在的更隐蔽的形式，如医疗机构。

49.尽管有医疗保障，黑人、拉丁裔和美洲印第安人在不同的医疗保险计划的平等程度上受到种族歧视和差异的影响。

50.黑人的高血压发病率是白人的两倍，这被认为是黑人患心脏病、肾病和中风高死亡率的关键因素。

11.单选题

Insuchachangingandcomplexsociety,formerlysimplesolutionstoinformationalneedsbecome（

）.

问题1选项

A.confusing

B.acceptable

C.complicated

D.feasible

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。confusing令人困惑的，混乱的；acceptable可接受的；complicated复杂的；feasible可行的，可用的。句意：在今天这个不断变化的多元社会，以前应对信息需求的简单的解决方法变得复杂。根据changingandcomplexsociety及simplesolutions可推知以前的简单方法现在变得更复杂。答案C

12.单选题

“I’malittleworriedaboutmyfuture,”saidDustinHoffmaninTheGraduate.Heshouldbeluck.AllhehadtoworryaboutwaswhethertohaveanaffairwithMrs.Robinson.Inthesixties,thatwasthesumtotalofpost-graduationanxietysyndrome.

Hoffman’smoderncounterpartsarenotsofortunate.TheMrs.Robinsonsaren’tsittingaroundathomeanymore,seducinggraduates.Theyareoutintheworkplace,doingthehigh-poweredjobsthegraduateswant,butcannotget.Forthosefreshoutofuniversity,desperateforworkbutunabletogetit,thereisabigimbalancebetweensupplyanddemand.Andthereisnonarrowingofthegapinsight.

Thelatestunemploymentfiguresshowthat746,000of18-24year-oldsareunemployed—arecordrateof18percent.Manyofthosewillhavegraduatedthissummer.Theyarenopanickingyet,butasthejobrejectionsmountup,theyarebeginningtofeelashamed.

Ofcourse,itiseasytoblametheGovernmentand,inparticular,thetargetthatLabourhaslongtrumpeted—50percentofschool-leaversinhighereducation.Thatwasnottoosmart.TheGovernmenthasnotonlyfailedtomeetitstarget—theactualfigureisstillcloserto40percent—butithasraisedexpectationstounrealisticlevels.

Parentsfeelasbadlyletdownastheyoungpeoplethemselves.Middle-classfamiliesseetheirgraduateoffspringonthedolequeueandwonderwhytheybotheredpayingschoolfees.Working-classfamiliesfeelanevenkeenersenseofdisappointment.Formanysuchfamilies,gettingachildintouniversitywasthefulfillmentofalifelongdream.Itrepresentedupwardsocialandfinancialmobility.Itwasproofthattheywerelivinginadynamic,economicallysuccessfulcountry.Thatdreamdoesnotseemsorosynow.

Graduateunemploymentisnot,ultimately,apoliticalproblemreadytobesolved.Job-creationschemesforgraduatesareverylowdowninministerialin-trays.IfDavidCameron’sConservativeshadabrilliantideaforguaranteeingeverygraduateawell-paidjob,theywouldhaveunveileditbynow.Itisasocialproblem,thoughamoredeep-seatedsocialproblemthanpeopleperhapsrealize.

26.TheauthorbeginswithanepisodefromTheGraduateinorderto______.

27.Withregardtojobopportunitiesforyounggraduates,theauthorsounds______.

28.Theauthoris______theLabourGovernment’starget:50%ofschoolleaversinhighereducation.

29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutparents’feelingsiscorrect?

30.Towardstheendofthepassage,theauthorimpliesthat______.

问题1选项

A.supportthefactthatmorewomenareworkingnow

B.showthatfewgraduatesstartedworkingrightaftergraduation

C.demonstratethattheseweremuchfewergraduatesthannow

D.emphasizethesharpcontrastbetweennowandthen

问题2选项

A.pessimistic

B.hopeful

C.indifferent

D.furious

问题3选项

A.infavourof

B.doubtfulabout

C.stronglycriticalof

D.mildlycriticalof

问题4选项

A.Working-classparentsfeeljustasdisappointed.

B.Parentsandtheirchildrenfeelequallydisappointed.

C.Middle-classparentsfeelmoredisappointed.

D.Parentsfeelmoredisappointedthantheirchildren.

问题5选项

A.therewillbejob-creationschemesforgraduates

B.graduateunemploymentismoreofapoliticalissue

C.graduateunemploymentisbothapoliticalandasocialissue

D.theConservativesaredoingfarfromenoughtosolvetheissue

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】26.【选项释义】

26.TheauthorbeginswithanepisodefromTheGraduateinorderto______.26.作者以《毕业生》中的一段插曲作为开头，是为了______。

A.supportthefactthatmorewomenareworkingnowA.支持现在有更多女性工作这一事实

B.showthatfewgraduatesstartedworkingrightaftergraduationB.说明很少有毕业生一毕业就开始工作

C.demonstratethattheseweremuchfewergraduatesthannowC.说明当时的毕业生要比现在少得多

D.emphasizethesharpcontrastbetweennowandthenD.强调现在和那时之间的鲜明对比

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据关键词TheGraduate定位到第一段，文章开头以电影《毕业生》为例，指出60年代毕业生对将来只是有点担心，而且担心的并不是找不到工作；第二段紧接着指出，现代社会的毕业生们就没有霍夫曼那么幸运了，因为类似电影《罗宾森夫人》的女士们占据着毕业生们渴望而又无法得到的高职，供需之间严重失衡。综合可推断，这是过去与现在就业形势的强烈对比，D项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项是为了进行对比，并不是题干的目的，属于以偏概全；

B选项定位第二段倒数第二句中的“渴望工作却又找不到工作（desperateforworkbutunabletogetit）”可知，B项与原文相反，属于反向干扰；

C选项没有提及，属于无中生有。

27.【选项释义】

27.Withregardtojobopportunitiesforyounggraduates,theauthorsounds______.27.关于年轻毕业生的就业机会，作者听起来______。

A.pessimisticA.很悲观

B.hopefulB.很有希望

C.indifferentC.很冷漠

D.furiousD.很愤怒

【考查点】观点态度题。

【解题思路】定位第二段最后两句“对于那些刚走出大学校门、渴望工作却又找不到工作的人来说，供需之间存在着巨大的失衡（bigimbalance）。目前还没有缩小这一差距的迹象。”，从此可见，作者对年轻毕业生就业机会的态度是悲观的，A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B、C选项不符合原文，属于曲解原文；

D选项也属于曲解原文，文中没有字眼表明作者情绪激烈到愤怒的程度。

28.【选项释义】

28.Theauthoris______theLabourGovernment’starget:50%ofschoolleaversinhighereducation.28.作者______工党政府的目标：50%的高中毕业生接受高等教育。

A.infavourofA.支持

B.doubtfulaboutB.怀疑

C.stronglycriticalofC.强烈批评

D.mildlycriticalofD.温和批评

【考查点】观点态度题。

【解题思路】定位到第四段第一句“当然，指责政府很容易，尤其是工党长期吹嘘（trumpeted）的目标：50%的高等教育毕业生”，从trumpeted一词可知作者对工党的做法的嘲讽和不屑之情；结合第二句“那不太聪明（nottoosmart）”可知，作者对工党政府的批评还是比较温和，D项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项与原文相反，属于反向干扰；

B选项属于曲解原文，文中作者明确指出“并未达到该目标（failedtomeetitstarget）”，所以这并不是怀疑的态度；

C选项也属于曲解原文，作者虽然批评工党的做法，但文中并没有出现批评的过激字眼，strongly并没有体现出来。

29.【选项释义】

29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutparents’feelingsiscorrect?29.以下关于父母感受的陈述哪一个是正确的？

A.Working-classparentsfeeljustasdisappointed.A.工薪阶层的父母也同样感到失望。

B.Parentsandtheirchildrenfeelequallydisappointed.B.父母和他们的孩子同样感到失望。

C.Middle-classparentsfeelmoredisappointed.C.中产阶级的父母感到更失望。

D.Parentsfeelmoredisappointedthantheirchildren.D.父母比孩子更失望。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】定位文章倒数第二段首句“父母和年轻人一样感到非常失望”，可知，B项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项定位第五段第三句“工薪阶层家庭的失望感更加强烈（anevenkeenersenseofdisappointment）”可知，该项属于反向干扰；

C选项定位第二句“中产阶级家庭看到他们的毕业生子女在领取失业救济金的队伍中，不明白他们为什么要付学费”，第一句讲的是“父母和孩子一样失望”，所以中产阶级父母同样感到失望，该项属于反向干扰；

D选项与原文相反，也属于反向干扰。

30.【选项释义】

30.Towardstheendofthepassage,theauthorimpliesthat______.30.在文章的最后，作者暗示______。

A.therewillbejob-creationschemesforgraduatesA.将会有为毕业生创造就业的计划

B.graduateunemploymentismoreofapoliticalissueB.大学生失业更多的是一个政治问题

C.graduateunemploymentisbothapoliticalandasocialissueC.大学生失业既是一个政治问题，也是一个社会问题

D.theConservativesaredoingfarfromenoughtosolvetheissueD.保守党在解决这个问题上做得还远远不够

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】定位到最后一段第一句“从根本上说，毕业生失业并不是一个有待解决的政治问题（apoliticalproblemreadytobesolved）”，换句话说，毕业生失业是一个政治问题，但是不容易解决；最后一句又说“这是一个社会问题（asocialproblem），尽管这个社会问题比人们可能意识到的更根深蒂固”，所以毕业生失业问题既是一个政治问题也是一个社会问题，C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项定位最后一段第二句“为毕业生创造就业机会的计划在政府部门的公文中处于非常低的位置”可知，为毕业生创造就业的计划暂时没有，该项属于反向干扰；

B选项不全面，属于以偏概全；

D选项作者明确指出，这个问题不是想解决就能解决的政治问题，所以属于曲解原文。

13.单选题

Thereceptionwasattendedby（）membersofthelocalcommunity.

问题1选项

A.excellent

B.conspicuous

C.prominent

D.noticeable

【答案】C

【解析】C选项prominent意为“突出的；著名的”。句意：参加这次招待会的是当地社区的（）人士。A选项excellent极好的；B选项conspicuous显而易见的；C选项prominent突出的；著名的；D选项noticeable引人注目的，C选项prominent符合句意。

14.单选题

Inrecentyears,wehaveallwatchedtheincreasingcommercializationofthecampus.Thenumerousadvertisingpostersandthegoldenarchesoffastfoodoutletsmaybeanaffronttoouraestheticsensibilities,buttheyare,arguably,noworsethanugly.Someoftheothernewfeaturesofcommercializedcampuslifedo,however,constituteaseriousthreattothingswerightlyrevere.“Privatization”andthe“businessmodel”arethepotentialmenace.

Whatdothesenotionsmean?Tome,theyinvolveanincreaseddependenceonindustryandphilanthropyforoperatingtheuniversity;anincreasedamountofourresourcesbeingdirectedtoappliedorso-calledpracticalsubjects,bothinteachingandinresearch;aproprietarytreatmentofresearchresults,withthecommercialinterestinsecrecyoverridingthepublic’sinterestinfree,sharedknowledge;andanattempttoruntheuniversitymorelikeabusinessthattreatsindustryandstudentsasclientsandourselvesasserviceproviderswithsomethingtosell.Wepayincreasingattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsofour“customers”and,astheoldsayinggoes,“thecustomerisalwaysright”.

Privatizationisparticularlyfrighteningfromthepointofviewofpublicwell-being.Aresearcheremployedbyauniversity-affiliatedhospitalinCanada,workingundercontractwithapharmaceuticalcompany,madepublicherfindingsthataparticulardrugwasharmful.Thisviolatedthetermsofhercontract,andsoshewasfired.Herdismissalcausedascandal,andshewassubsequentlyreinstated.Theuniversityandhospitalinquestionarenowworkingoutsomethingakintotenureforhospital-basedresearchersandguidelinesforcontracts,sothatmorepublicdisclosureofprivatelyfundedresearchwillbecomepossible.Thisisararevictoryandasmallstepintherightdirection,butthegeneraltrendistheotherway.Thankstoprofit-drivenprivatefunding,researchersarenotonlyforcedtokeepvaluableinformationsecret,theyareoftencontractuallyobligedtokeepdiscovereddangerstopublichealthunderwraps,too.Ofcourse,wemustnotbetoonaiveaboutthis.Governmentscanunwiselyinsistinsecrecy,too,asdidtheBritishMinistryofAgriculture,Fisheries,andFoodintheworktheyfundedinconnectionwiththebovinespongiformencephalopathyepidemic.Thispreventedothersfromreviewingthe