2020年上海市奉贤区高考英语二模试卷

2020年上海市奉贤区高考英语二模试卷ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections：InSectionA，youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation，aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper，anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard..(★★★★★".Supermarket.B．Tailor'sshop．Departmentstore.Conveniencestore..(★★★★★)A.200pounds.600pounds.300pounds.700pounds..(★★★★★)A.Calltheticketofficelater.Ordertheticketsonline.NottobuytheticketontheInternet.Ordertheticketswhenit'snotbusy.4.(★★★★★)A.Borrowingmoneyfromabusinesscompany.Lendingsomemoneytoastudent.Askingforsomefinancialaid.Readingstudents'application..(★★★★★)A.Thebedistoblameforhisnotfallingasleep.Hecanfallasleepifhestopsdrinking.Hecandrinkmoretofallasleepeasily.Drinkingisgoodforsleeping..(★★★★★)A.Heissatisfiedwiththecontent.Hefeelssorryforit.Hethinksitisvalueless.Hethinksitisvaluable..(★★★★★)A.ProfessorSmithspokeGreekwhenheexplainedthemathsproblem.Thewomanstilldidn'tunderstandthemathsproblem.Unfortunately，shedidn'thearProfessorSmith'sexplanation.ProfessorSmithdidn'texplaintheproblemclearly.．（★★★★★）A．Collectpapersfortheman．B．Dothetypingonceagain．C．Checkthepaperfortypingerrors．D．Readthewholenewspaper．．（★★★★★）A．Proceedinhisownway．B．Sticktotheoriginalplan．C．Negotiatewithhiscolleague．D．Trytochangehiscolleague'smind．.（★★★★★".Hisprojectprovedtobeunsuccessful.B．Hewasunabletogetsufficientmoney．Lackoflandpreventedhissuccess.Hewassuccessfulwithhisproject.SectionBDirections：InSectionB，youwillhearseverallongerconversation（s）andshortpassage（s），andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation（s）andthepassage（s）.Theconversation（s）andthepassage（s）willbereadtwice，butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.（★★★★★）（1）A.Toguideandhelpchildren'splay.Togivechildrenanopportunitytoplay.Tomakechildrenexcited.Tokeepchildrencompany.（2）A.Itdeterminesthestandardachildcanreach.Itisthehappiestperiodduringone'slife.Itisthemostimportanttimetoshapeone'scharacter.Itisthebesttimeforchildrentolearnnewthings.（3）A.Therelationshipbetweenplayandlearning.Thewaytohelpchildrendevelopbothphysicallyandmentally.Theimportanceofchildren'splay.Differentstagesofchildren'sdevelopment..（★★★★★）（1）A.Ittendstowandertowardsunpleasantexperiences.Itwandersforalmosthalfoftheirwakingtime.Ithastroubleconcentratingafterabraininjury.Ittendstobeaffectedbytheirnegativefeelings.（2）A.Tofindhowhappinessrelatestodaydreaming.Toobservehowone'smindaffectsone'sbehavior.Toseewhydaydreamingimpactswhatoneisdoing.Tostudytherelationbetweenhealthanddaydreaming.（3）A．Participantswithcleargoalsinmindoutperformedthosewithoutcleargoals．B．Thedifferenceinperformancebetweenthetwogroupswasinsignificant．C．Non-daydreamersweremoreconfusedontheirtasksthandaydreamers．D．Daydreamersdidbetterthannon-daydreamersintaskperformance．．（★★★★★）（1）A．Theiraveragelifespanwaslessthan50years．B．Itwasverycommonforthemtohave12children．C．Theyretiredfromworkmuchearlierthantoday．D．Theywerequiteoptimisticabouttheirfuture．（2）A．Getreadyforecologicalchanges．B．Adapttothenewenvironment．C．Learntousenewtechnology．D．Explorewaystostayyoung．（3）A．Whenallwomengoouttowork．B．Whenfamilyplanningisenforced．C．Whenaworldgovernmentissetup．D．Whenallpeoplebecomewealthier．（4）A．Eliminatepovertyandinjustice．B．Migratetootherplanets．C．Controltheenvironment．D．Findinexhaustibleresources．II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.．（★★）PlantsScreamintheFaceofStressForthefirsttime，researchersappeartohaveevidencethatlikeanimals，thoseplantsdeprivedofwateror（1）forced（force）toendurebodilyharmcanletouttheirpain.Thestudy,（2）whichhasyettobepublishedinascientificJournal,addsanotherdimensiontoscientists（3）growing（growunderstandingofhowplantsdetectandinteractwiththeirsurroundings.Inrecentyears，ithasbecomeveryclearthatplantsaremoresensitivethanresearchers（4）thought（think）.Theyrespondwhentouchedbyinsectsandturntowardsourcesoflight."Plantsarenotjustroboticstimulus-responsedevices，"saidFrantisekBaluskaoftheUniversityofBonninGermany."They'relivingorganismswhichhavetheirownproblems."Actuallymakingtheirsufferinghearable，however，isanothermatterentirely.（5）Totest（test）thatpossibility,ateamledbyItzhakKhait,plantscientistatTelAvivUniversityinIsrael,placedmicrophonescapableofdetectingultrasonicfrequencies（超声波频率）fourinchesfromtomatoandtobaccoplants．Theresearchertheneitherstoppedwateringthemorcuttheirstems．Measuringintherangeof20to150kilohertz（千赫），theresearchersfoundthatevenhappy，healthyplantsmadetheoccasionalnoise．Butwhencut，tobaccoplantsemitted（6）anaverageof15soundswithinanhourofbeingcut,⑺whiletomatoplantsproduced25sounds.（8）Althought/Though/whileresearchersaren'tyetsurehowplantsproducethesesounds,Khaitandhiscolleaguesproposedonepossibilityintheirpaper（9）thataswatertravelsthroughtheplants'tubes,airbubbleswillformandexplode，producingsmallvibrations.Allthis"screaming"causedbystresswasn'tinarangedetectablebyhumanears.Butorganismsthatcanhearultrasonicfrequencies--likemice，batsorperhapsotherplants--（10）canpossiblyheartheplantscriesfromasfarawayas15feet.SectionBDirections：Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed..（★★★）A.essentiallyB.roundC.stuckD.spiritsE.encouragingdesperatelystrengthsH.frustratingI.spillingJ.collectiveK.sealedItaliansfind"MomentsofJoyinthisMomentofAnxiety"Itstartedwiththenationalanthem.Thencamethepianochords，trumpetblasts，violinserenades（小夜曲）andeventheclangingofpotsandpans--allofit（1）Ifrompeople'shomes,outofwindowsandfrombalconies,andresoundingacrossrooftops.Finally,onSaturdayafternoon,anationwide（2）_BofapplausebrokeoutforthedoctorsonthemedicalfrontlinesfightingthespreadofEurope'sworstcoronavirusoutbreak.Italiansremain（3）_Aunderhousearrestasthenation,theEuropeanfrontintheglobalfightagainstthecoronavirus，hasorderedextraordinaryrestrictionsontheirmovementtopreventinfection.Butthemusicandnoiseeruptingoverthestreets,frompeople（4）_Cintheirhomes，reflectsthespirit，resilienceandhumorofanationfacingitsworstnationalemergencysincetheSecondWorldWar.Totheextentthatthisisavirusthattriespeople'ssouls，ithasalsodemonstratedthe（5）_Gofthosenationalcharacters.InChina,patriotictruckdriversriskedinfectiontobring（6）_FneededfoodtothepeopleofWuhan，theepicenteroftheoutbreak.InIran，videosshowdoctorsinfullcombatdressandmasksdancingtokeep（7）_Dup.AndinItaly,thegesturesofgratitudeandmusicringoutabovethecountry'semptystreets，whilesocialmediafeedsfillwith（8）_E,sentimentalandhumorouswebvideos．Imagesofnursescollapsedfromexhaustionortheirfacesbruised（使受瘀伤）fromtightly⑼_Kmaskshavealsospreadacrossthewebinrecentdays．Parentspostedpicturesofunicornsandrainbowsdrawnbyyoungchildrenwiththetitle"ItwillallbeOK．""We'reItalians，andlovingsingingispartofourculture，"saidGiorgioAlbertini，51，anarchaeologyprofessorwhoclappedfromhisapartmentbalconyintheuniversitydistrictofMilan，callingitaway"tofeelacommunity，andtohavethe（10）_Jgrief.""ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.16.（★★★★）Makingchoicesishard.ThatwouldbewhyresearcherMoranCerfhas（1）—Ditfromhislife.Asarule,healwayschoosesthesecondmenuitematarestaurant.Thisis（2）_Dbyhisresearchinneuroeconomics（神经经济学）（asomewhatnew，divisivefield）atNorthwesternUniversity.AsBusinessInsiderdescribes，Cerfhasextendedhisideas--whichdrawonsomecontroversialideasinpsychology，includingegodepletionout--intoapieceofadvicethat,to⑶_Bhappiness,peopleshouldbuildalifethatrequires（4）_Cdecisionsbysurroundingthemselveswithpeoplewhopossesstraitstheyprefer.Onaninstinctivelevel,Cerf'sidea（5）_C:Manychoicespeoplemakearetheproductofsocialpressuresandtheinputsof（6）_Bpeoplearoundthem.OneexampleCerffurnishesisthat,⑺_Cconsistentlyorderingthesecondmenuitem,heneverpickswheretoeat.Rather,he（8）_Chisdecisiontohisdiningpartner--whichfriendheplanstoeatwith，probablyonehetrusts--andalwaysletsthempick.Whileit's（9）_Bwhat,ifany,scientificprinciplesunderliethosepiecesofadvice，thereisnoshortageofresearchshowingthatchoicescansometimesfeelmore（10）_Athanliberating.AnexamplefromQuantapoits（假设）:IfyouhaveaclearloveofSnickers（士力架），choosingthatoveranAlmondJoy（杏仁巧克力）oraMilkyWay（牛奶巧克力）shouldbea（11）_B.And,asanexperimentconductedbyneuroscientistPaulGlimcheratNYUshows，mostofthetimeitis,（12）Dyouintroducemorechoices.Whentheparticipantswereofferedthreecandybars（Snickers，MilkyWay，andAlmondJoy）theyhadnoproblempickingtheirfavorite，butwhentheyweregiventheoptionofoneamong20，includingSnickers,theywouldsometimesdriftawayfromtheir（13）_A.Whenthechoicesweretakenawayinlatertrials，theparticipantswouldwonderwhatcausedthemtomakesuchabaddecision.AsQuantadetails，accordingtoamodelcalled"divisivenormalization（分裂归一化）"，whichhasgainedsomepopularity，thewaythebrainencodeschoiceshasalottodowithhowitvaluesallitsoptions.So，ifyouhavetwothingsthatare

clearly(14)_C,brainareasinvolvedindecision-makingfireinapatternthatmakesthedecisionclear．Whenthechoicesarecomparable，thebraindoesitsbesttofocusonthedistinctionsbetweenthetwo,butmorechoices(15)_Athatabilityout．(1)A.relievedB.releasedC.eliminatedD.liberated(2)A.influencedB.inheritedC.implementedD.informed(3)A.maximizeB.balanceC.cherishD.seek(4)A.saferB.fewerC.betterD.sounder(5)A.standsoutB.comesintoforceC.makessenseD.playsapart(6)B.trustedC.authorizedD.honoredA.distinguished(7)A.inadditiontoB.insteadofC.inspiteofD.regardlessof(8)A.conveysB.relatesC.submitsD.limits(9)A.evidentB.unclearC.criticalD.inevitable(10)A.confusingB.inspiringC.worryingD.appealing(11)A.stressorB.no-brainerC.challengeD.headache(12)A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.until(13)A.preferenceB.struggleC.statusD.direction(14)A.impressiveB.insignificantC.uniqueD.distinct(15)A.crowdB.figureC.sortD.putSectionBDirections：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.17.(★★★)0nespringday,oncetheflowershavebeguntoopen,abeewillhover(盘旋)andzipthroughyouryardanddive-bombyourpicnictable.Whileyou'rethinkingaboutavoidinganattack，thatbeeisfocusedonsomethingelseentirely：me.Ahoneybeehasaboutsixweekstolive．Today，likemostdays，hertaskistoflyasmanyasthreemilesfromhome，stickherlong，straw-liketongueintoahundredorsoflowers．Whenthebeehashadherfill，she'llflyhome．Therethebeewilldepositwhatshehasgotintothemouthofoneofherco-workers，whowillrelayittoanother，andsoonforabout20minutes，untilthemixtureisreadytobeplacedintothecomb．Thensheandher50，000orsomateswillhoverinthedarkallnighteverynight，flappingtheirwingstocreatehot，breezyconditionstoremovethewaterfromthemixture．Severalsunriseslater，theywillsealmeoffinagoldencellofbeeswax．Inherlifetime，ourbeemayvisit4，000flowers，andyetwillproduceonlyone-twelfthofateaspoonofme．TheaverageAmericanconsumesnearlyapoundandahalfofmeeveryyear，intea，ontoast，andbeyond．IfIdosaysomyself，Iamatimelesstreasure．Literally--Inevergobad．Unfortunately，mygoodhealthisnotguaranteed．Theproblemliesinthegrowthofindustrialagricultureandtheuseofpestcontrolchemicals，aswellaschangesinweatherpatterns，allofwhichreducethenumberofflowersbeeshavetovisit．I'dappreciateyourlettingyourowngardengrowjustalittlewild．Myfuturedependsonallofusfosteringspringandsummerswildflowers，thushelpingthebees，whogivesomuch--toyou，tome--withouteveraskingforanythinginreturn．（1）Whatdoes"me"refertointhepassage?_DA．Theflower．B．Thebee．C．Water．D．Honey．（2）Whatisthe2ndparagraphmainlyabout?_BA．Bees'specialtalent．B．Bees'hardwork．C．Bees'livingenvironment．D．Bees'socialbehavior．（3）Whichoneofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?_BA．Abeewillalwaysprioritizeattackingpicniclovers．B．Before"me"issealedoffinbeeswax，thedryingprocesscantakeafewnights．C．ThelifeworkofabeesatisfiestheaveragedemandofanAmericanconsumerannually．D．Beesaremorelikelytovisitthosedeliberatelypest-controlledgardens．（4）Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?_AA．Toappealforhelpforhoneybees．B．Totalkaboutthehistoryofatreasure．C．Toputforwardtechniquesforgardeners．D．Toargueagainstthecontrolofchemicals．GetYourUnlimitedCardatCineworldCinemasEnjoyUnlimitedFilmsWatchallthefilmsyouwantatanyCineworldforjustonemonthlyprice．BeinganUnlimitedcardholdergivesyouaccesstoallthe2Dfilmsyoucanhandleforonemonthlyprice．Watchwhatyouwant，whenyouwant，asmanytimesasyouwant．Plus，savemoneywhenwatchingfilmsin3Dandothers．Afteryou'vebeenwithusformorethanIyearwe'llupgradeyoutoaPremiumCardandyou'llgetinto3Dfilmscompletelyfreetoo!Startenjoyingtodaybyusingatemporarypasswhileyouwaitforyourcardtoarriveinthepost．SaveOnSnacksAndDrinksGet10%offallin-cinemafoodanddrink．Plusget10%offatCineworldStarbuckslicensedstores．Firstyearcardholdersget10%off，whilstPremiumcardholdersget25%offCineworld'sin-cinemafoodanddrinksincluding，alldrinks，popcorn，nachos，hotdogs，icecream，pickamixandmuchmore．Plusallcardholdersget10%discountsatCineworldStarbuckslicensedstores．Allyouneedtodoisshowyourcardatthecounterandyourdiscountwillbeapplied．RecommendAFriendRecommendAFriendUnlimitedmemberscangetfreemonthsofmembershipwhentheyrecommendUnlimitedtotheirfriends!RecommendUnlimitedtoyourfriendsandwe'llgiveyoufreemonthsofmembershiptosaythankyou．ForeveryfriendthatsignsupusingyouruniqueRecommendaFriendcodeyouwillbothreceiveonemonth'sfreemembershiponcetheyhavebeenanactiveUnlimitedmemberfor90days．Thefreemonthwillbeautomaticallyaddedtotheendofyourcurrentsubscription．Youcanearnamaximumof12FreeMonthswithyourRecommendaFriendcode，sorecommendUnlimitedto12friendsandyoucouldgetafullyearoffreeUnlimitedcinema!（1）Thecinemanamesitsmembershipcard"Unlimited"because—C.A．onecanhavethebenefitsforgooduponjoiningthemembershipCineworldmemberscanenjoyasmany2Dand3DfilmsastheylikeforfreeitfreesamemberfromanyregularpaymenttothemovieticketsatCineworldcardholderscansharelimitlessdiscountsandofferswithfriendsandrelatives⑵WhichofthestatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?—DThebenefitsabovearenotavailableuntilthecardisdelivered.Premiumcardholderscanhave25%offatalicensedStarbucks.Whoeverpersuades6friendsintoUnlimitedcanenjoyahalfyearoffreemembership.Asecondyearofinvestmentisworthwhileifyouareacinemagoer.（3）Thispassageisprobablywrittento_D.securetheloyaltyofpotentialcustomersintroducethelatestmoviesanddiscountspromotethepopularityofCineworldcinemasgiveawaymoviecardstoreadersforfree.（★★★）ArareholehasopenedupintheozonelayerabovetheArctic，inwhatscientistssayistheresultofunusuallylowtemperaturesintheatmosphereabovethenorthpole.Thehole，whichhasbeentrackedfromspaceandthegroundoverthepastfewdays，hasreachedrecorddimensions，butisnotexpectedtoposeanydangertohumansunlessitmovesfurthersouth.Ifitextendsfurthersouthoverpopulatedareas，suchassouthernGreenland，peoplewouldbeatincreasedriskofsunburn.However，oncurrenttrendstheholeisexpectedtodisappearaltogetherinafewweeks.Lowtemperaturesinthenorthernpolarregionsledtoanunusualstablepolarvortex（极地漩涡），andthepresenceofozone-destroyingchemicalssuchaschlorine（氯，intheatmosphere-fromhumanactivities-causedtheholetoform."Theholeisprincipallyageophysicalcuriosity，"saidVincent-HenriPeuch，directoroftheCopernicusAtmosphereMonitoringService."Wemonitoredunusualdynamic（动态的）conditions,whichdrivetheprocessofchemical「depletion]ofozone.ThosedynamicsallowedforlowertemperaturesandamorestablevortexthanusualovertheArctic,whichthentriggeredtheformationofpolarstratospheric（平流层的，cloudsandthecatalytic（催化的，destructionofozone."TheholeisnotrelatedtotheCovid-19shutdownsthathavedramaticallycutairpollutionandreducedgreenhousegasemissions.ItisalsotooearlytosaywhethertheunusuallystableArcticpolarvortexconditionsarelinkedwiththeclimatecrisis,orpartofnormalstratosphericweathervariability.Peuchsaidtherewerenodirectimplicationsfortheclimatecrisis.Temperaturesintheregionarealreadyincreasing,slowingthedepletionofozone，andtheholewillstarttorecoveraspolarairmixeswithozone-richairfromlowerlatitudes．Thelasttimesimilarconditionswereobservedwasinspring2011．WhileaholeovertheArcticisarareevent，themuchlargerholeintheozonelayerovertheAntarctichasbeenamajorcauseforconcernformorethanfourdecades．Theproductionofozone-depletingchemicalshasbeendramaticallyreducedunderthe1987MontrealProtocol（蒙特利尔协议），butsomesourcesappearstilltobefunctioning--in2018，unauthorizedemissionsweredetectedfromsomeareas．Newsourcesofozone-depletingchemicalswerenotafactorintheholeobservedintheArctic，saidPeuch．"However，thisisareminderthatoneshouldnottaketheMontrealProtocolmeasuresforgranted，andthatobservationsfromthegroundandfromsatellitesarecentraltoavoidasituationwheretheozone-destroyingchemicallevelinthestratospherecouldincreaseagain．"（1）Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword"depletion"?_BA．replacementB．consumptionC．increaseD．production（2）Accordingtothepassage，scientistsareconcernedabouttheholebecauseC•A．itisexpectedtobeathreattothemankindB•thenewholeiscausedbyairpollutionandgreenhousegasemissionsC•itmayencouragefurtherscientificresearchandenvironmentalawarenessD•itwarnsusofanoncomingclimatecrisis（3）Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?—BA•TheholeovertheArcticsharesthesamecausesastheoneovertheAntarctic•B•Humanactivitiesarehighlyresponsibleforproducingozone-destroyingchemicalsC•TheMontrealProtocolhassuccessfullypreventednewemissions•D•SomenewillegalemissionsaretoblamefortheholeovertheArctic•（4）ThebesttitleforthepassageisprobablyA•A•Record-sizeHoleOpensinOzoneLayerabovetheArcticB•ActionsUrgentlyNeededforaNewHoleinOzoneLayerC•EnvironmentalDisasterandInternationalCooperationD•HowaHoleinOzoneAffectsourLifeonEarthSectionCDirections：Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.•（★★★）Peopleliketoposttheirselfies（自拍照）onsocialmedia•Toknowmoreaboutit，scientistsatSyracuseUniversityinNewYorkrecentlydidaresearchandcameupwithsomesurprisingfindings•Peoplewhopostselfiesanduseeditingsoftwaretomakethemselveslookbettershowbehaviorsconnectedtonarcissism,theresearcherssaid.(1)_CMakanaChock，aprofessorfromSyracuseUniversity，saidbecausesocialmediaismostlyusedbypeopletoshareunimportantinformationabouttheirlives，itisagoodplaceforpeopleto"worktowardssatisfyingtheirownvanity．"Those"likes"undertheirFacebookselfiesmakethemfeelgood．(2)_BSomepeoplefe