2017中考英语专题复习-副词

【中考解读】【考点分布】1.副词的语法作用及分类副词的比较级副词的词义辨析【考点容】掌握副词在句中充当的成分及副词比较级的变化规则，包括规则变化和不规则变化，掌握副词的词义辨析及具体用法【命题趋势】1.副词的比较级和最高级运用副词与动词的搭配使用3•对具体副词及疑问副词的辨析【副词定义】副词是用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其他形容词或副词程度的词。第一讲副词的语法作用及分类一、副词的句法功能1•作状语II副词作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子。①修饰动词It'srainingheavily.天正下着大雨。HespeaksEnglishwell.他英语说得非常好。【1】Icarriedthebowlwithbothhands,sothatIwouldn'tbreakitA・carefullyB・happilyC・quicklyD・carelessly【3】一Jack,Ihavetohaveatalkwithyourfathertoday.—Sorry,MrsKing.Heisgoingonbusinessandwon'tbe___untilnextweek.A・outB・awayC・back【4】ItwasrainingwhenmysisterandIgottothemuseum・修饰形容词修饰其他副词修饰介词短语，Iamquiebusynow.Don'tdrivetoofast.别骑得太快。一Whereisthebook?书在哪儿？一lustonthedesk..就在桌子上。⑤修饰句子Luckily,Ipassedthefinalexam.幸运的是，我通过了期末考试。【注】修饰句子的副词，一般放在句首。【4】—Asweknowit'sdifficulttoliveinaforeigncountry・—rifyoucan'tunderstandthelanguagethere.A.ExactlyB.NaturallyC.UsuallyD.Especially2•作表语副词作表语主要指主语的方位、方向、动作或状态・如如in・out.on.back.down.up・off.away,upstairs等Myfatherisoutthismorning,buthewillbeinthisafternoonI'llbebackinfiveminutes.我五分钟后就回来。3•作定语|有些地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。Thepeopletherewereveryfriendly•那儿的人很友好。4•作宾语补足语副词可以作主语或宾语的补足语，说明主语或宾语的状态。Mr.Kingwasseenupstairs.有人看见金先生在楼上。（作主语补足语）Bringhimin把他带进来（作宾语补足语）【拓展1】一般副词的位置⑴通常放在被修饰的动词后面，如果动词有宾语，贝y要位于宾语之后（副修动后）【聊城2】It'sdark.Ican'tseethewordsontheblackboard.A.carefullyB.clearlyC.silentlyD.patiently（2）副词修饰形容词或副词时，通常放在形容词或副词的前面，（副修形前）只有enough例外，需要后置。Theseflowersarequitebeautiful.（在形容词前）这些花相当漂亮。Heworksveryhard.（在副词前）他工作很努力。Thisgirlisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.这个女孩还没有到上学的年龄。副词用法：行为动词+副词。Hewrites.（careful）TOC\o"1-5"\h\z【威海2】Tomysurprise,mybrothercanspeakEnglish.A.livelyB.perfectlyC.badlyD.friendly【滨州】一Excuseme,wouldyoupleasespeakalittlemore?—Sorry,Ithoughtyoucouldfollowme.A.sadlyB.quicklyC.politelyD.slowly3】—Howdoyoulikethetalkshow?—Ithinkit's,butsomepeoplethinkit'sso.A.wonderfulenough;boredB.enoughwonderful;boringC.wonderfulenough;boring【高频考点2】常见的副词词组:howmany/much多少howlong多长，多久howold多大年纪howfar多远howoften每隔多久howsoon多久以后【练习见下面辨析讲解】I二、副词的分类：：根据副词的词义，副词可以分为以下几种:（1）•时间副词的位置及分类分类位置例词时间副词表示动作发生的时间，一般放在句尾now现在,then那时,today今天,tomorrow明天,yesterday昨天,before前面,ago之前,soon很快，once曾经，以前,atfirst首先，atlast最后,justnow刚才,atonce立亥U,马上^2^点副词的位置及分类分类位置例词

地点副词表示地点或位置关系，一般放在句尾here这儿,there那儿,upstairs楼上,downstairs楼下，above上边,behind后边,everywhere每个地方,anywhere任何地方注意地点副词前省略介词(4)频度副词的位置及分类分类位置例词频度副词表示动作发生的频率。用在行为动词之前或助动词、情态动词及be动词之后twice两次,daily天天，常常,weekly母周，母周次,everyday每天,everyweek每周,everymonth每月,always总是，经常,usually经常,often经常，常常，sometimes有时,ever曾经,never从来不注意提问用howoften4】—Howoftendoyougoskating?—.Ican'tskateatall.A.AlwaysB.sometimesC.SeldomD.Never2、Sandyusedtoeatfastfood.Butnowsheeatsthem.Sosheisbecomingmuchhealthier.A.usuallyB.oftenC.seldomD.always3、Thewindisblowingsothattheycanstayoutside.A.hard;hardlyB.hard;hardC.hardly;hardlyD.hardly;hard(5)程度副词的位置及分类分类位置例词程度副词表示程度，用在形容词或副词前，情态动词或助动词之后。quite相当，完全，十分,rather相当，颇，有点,very非常,much许多，alot许多,alittle一点，一些,abit少量,enough足够,hardly几乎不,almost大多数分类位置例词疑问副词用来引导特殊疑问句的副?词。通常置于句首疑问副词有when，where，why,how,howlong,howsoon,howoften,howfar等。疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。

(7)关系副词的位置及分类分类位置例词关系副词关系副词主要用来引导定语从句，放在句中关系副词有when,where,why,how等，关系副词常用来引导定语从句。三、•其他常见副词however然而besides此外instead然而exactly准确地probably可能mostly多半then然后therefore因此四、•易”昆淆的形容词与副词heavy沉重的heavily沉重地strong强大的strongly强easy容易的easily容易地careful仔细的，小心的carefully仔细地，小心地quick快的quickly快地simple简单的simply简单地五、副词的构成(1)形容词一副词：形容词加-ly变副词polite—politelyusual—usuallywidepolite—politelyusual—usuallywide—widelyslow—slowlyrecent—recentlybright—brightlycareful—carefullyclear—clearlycorrect—correctlydeep—deep—deeplydifferent—differentlyfinal—finallyregular—regularlyquick—quicklysafe—safely((2)以y结尾的变y为i加-lyeasy—easilyhappy—happilyheavy—heavily()Elephantseat，lucky—luckilyunlucky—unluckilynoisy—noisilybuttheycanmovewhennecessary.D.noisy;silenceA.noisy;silentB.noisily;silentlyCD.noisy;silence(3)以e结尾去e力口-ypossible—possiblyprobable—probablysimple—simply一、副词的比较级和最高级的构成:副词的比较级和最高级的构成与形容词的比较级、最高级的构成类似，

有规划变化和不规则变化。(1)规则变化①单音节词和少数双音节词在词尾加-er/est原级比较级最高级hardharderhardestfastfasterfastestearlyearlierearliest②大多数副词都在词前加more或most构成比较级和最高级原级比较级最高级slowlymoreslowlymostslowlyquicklymorequicklymostquicklycarefullymorecarefullymostcarefully(2)不规则变化原级比较级最高级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestlittlelessleast常见副词的用法及辨析【常考点】：too/also/either第二组toomuch/muchtoo第二组toomuch/muchtootoo一般不用于否定句，常放在句尾Youareastudent,Iamastudent,too.also用于肯定句和疑问句，常放在be动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前Theyarealsostudents.either用于否定句，常放在句尾Idon'tlikethefilm,either.toomuch“太多”修饰不可数名词Ihavetoomuchhomeworktodomuchtoo“非常，极其，太”修饰形容词或副词原级。Theskirtismuchtoodear

howlong“多久，多长时间”是对一个持续的时间段提问，常用“for+段时间”和“since+点时间”回答。—HowlonghaveyoulivedinBeijing?—Fortenyear.howsoon“多快，多久以后”用于一般将来时句子中，常用“in+段时间”回答—Howsoonwillyourfathercomeback?—Hewillcomebackinaweek.howoften“多长时间一次”对频度提问，常用“once，twice，threetimesaweek”等回答。—Howoftendoyouplayfootball?—Onceaweek.howfar“多远”对距离提问—Howfarisitfromheretoyourhome?一Only200metersaway.2】—Howoftendoyouchatwithyourfriendsonline?—I'mbusywithmystudy.A.Onlyonemonth.B.Abouttwiceamonth.C.Almosteveryday.D.Maybeintwoweeks.【4】一It'sveryimportantforeveryonetoexercise.doyouexercise?—Threeorfourtimesaweek.A.Howlong第五组already/yetB.HowfarA.Howlong第五组already/yetB.HowfarC.HowsoonD.Howoftenalready已经常用于肯定句Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomeworkyet已经、仍然常用于否定句和疑问句句尾Ihaven'thadlunchyet.Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet.too“太，很”用于“too・・・to”结构,表示否定意义“太・・・・・・而不能・・・・・・”Themanistoooldtolookafterhimself.enough“足够”用于“形容词/副词原级+enoughto・・・”结构，表示“足够・・・・・・能・・・・・・”Theboyrunsfastenoughtowinthegame.so“如此”用于“so・・・that・・・”结构，表示“如此以致”ThecameraissoexpensivethatIcan'taffordit.2】Wecanhardlybelievethatyoulearntodanceso．A.quickB.quicklyC.usefulD.usefullysometime/sometime/sometimes/sometimes【口诀】分开是一段，合起是某时；分开s是倍次，合起s是有时

sometime“段时间”Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间Ittookmesometimetofinishreadingthebook.Sometime表示将来或过去的“某个时候”Newstudentswillcometoourschoolsometimenextweeksometimes“倍数、次数”Ourschoolissometimeslargerthantheirs.sometimes“有时”（一般现在时的标志词）SometimesIknowwhatshe'sthinking.【2014中考】一Howoftendoyougoskating?—.Ican'tskateatall.A.AlwaysB.SometimesC.SeldomD.Never【2014中考】40.Ifmyfriendshaveanyproblems,mydoorisopentothem.A.neverB.seldomC.sometimesD.always【2014】Mysister__goestobedearlybecausesheneedsalotofsleepeveryday.A.alwaysB.sometimesC.hardlyD.never形容词和副词混合辨析有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加-ly,意义有区别closeadj./adv.靠近closelyadv.密切地highadj./adv.高highlyadv.高度地freeadj./adv.免费freelyadv.自由地lateadj./adv.晚，迟latelyadv.近来deepadj./adv.深deeplyadv.深刻/深入地nearadj./adv.邻近nearlyadv.几乎/将近hardadj./adv.努力地hardlyadv.几乎不mostadj./adv.最mostlyadv.主要地wideadj./adv.宽阔widelyadv.广泛地副词短语allofasudden突然;猛地asusual通常;副词短语allofasudden突然;猛地asusual通常;平常地aswell也;还有closeto几乎;接近comeon快点儿eachother相互faraway在远处inthatcase既然那样;在那种情况下kindof稍微;有点儿ofcourse当然;自然onceinawhile偶尔地;间或overandoveragain反复;多次重复

13.quitealot(of...)许多14.rightaway立刻;13.quitealot(of...)许多14.rightaway立刻;马上15.upanddown上上下下;来回副词2016全国中考真题7、—Hishandwritingisverycareful.—Yeah.Withthehelpofhim,hissisterwritesasashim.A.careB.carefulC.morecarefullyD.carefully8、LastnightthebigfireinSunshineShoppingMallwasstartedbythechildrenplayingwithmatches.,noonewashurt.A.LuckilyC.SuddenlyC.EasilyD.Sadly9、Themanagersoundedonthephone．Heofferedtoshowusaroundthecompany．A．softlyB．friendlyC．gentlyD．seriously10、---DidyougetWechatred(微信红包)duringtheSpringFestival?---Yes.It'sthemostpopularwayofsendingtraditionalholidaypresentsnow.A.totallyB.widelyC.actuallyD.hardly11、一Doyouoftengoshopping．Tina?No,．Idon'tlikeshoppingatall．A．alwaysB．usuallyC．never12、Thismathproblemisn'tsodifficultthatIcanworkitout.A.easilyB.usefullyC.loudlyD.quietly13、Accordingtoarecentsurvey,threefifthsofworkingmothersinchinadon'twanttohaveasecondchild.A.mostlyB.especiallyC.partlyD.nearly14、ShanghaiDisneyParkwillbeopenedonJune16"'.Buttheticketsforthefirstdayhavesoldout.A.everB.justC.neverD.already15、-Yoursonusedtobeahomebodybuthenowlikesoutdooractivities.Howdidyoudothat?-Itriedmanywaysoverandoveragain.,Imadeit.A.NextB.ThenC.FinallyD.Suddenly16、—CanyoucatchwhatIsaid?—Sorry,Icanunderstanditbecauseyouspeakveryquickly.A.almostB.ProbablyC.mostlyD.hardly17、Inordertopasstheexam,Youneedtoworkmuchnow.A.hardB.harderC.hardestD.hardly18、,wesawthesunriseontopofMountTai.A.LuckyB.LuckilyC.UnluckyD.Unluckily19、Ican'thearyou.Pleasespeakalittlelouder.A.clearlyB.lovelyC.widelyD.friendly20、Itwaslate.Sheopenedthedoorbecauseshedidn'twanttowakeuphergrandma.A.angrilyB.quietlyC.loudlyD.heavily21、—Mary，here'sadictionary．Ihopeitwillhelpyou．—Thanksalot．It'swhatIneed．A．justB．nearlyC．evenD．almost22、wework,we'lllearnmaths.A.Theharder,wellB.Theharder,thebetterC.Thehard,thebetterD.Harder,Better23、CanyouunderstandwhatImean?---Sorry,Icanfollowyou.A.alwaysB.almostC.nearlyD.hardly24、LiPingrunsthanJiFang.A.moreslowlierB.verymuchslowlyC.muchmoreslowlyD.veryslowly25、Sandyusedtoeatfastfood.Butnowsheeatsthem.Sosheisbecomingmuchhealthier.A.usuallyB.seldomC.oftenD.always26、Chinaisdevelopingofallthecountriesintheworld．A．fastB．fasterC．fastestD．themostfast27、Irideabiketoschool.ButthismorningItookataxibecauseIgotuplate.A.neverB.sometimesC.seldomD.usually28、-Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?---No,I'mstilldoingitnow・A.yetB.alreadyC