人教版中考英语语法点击【】非谓语动词(页)课件

专题10非谓语动词专题10非谓语动词┃考点直击

┃点睛在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词有三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。

专题10非谓语动词●1不定式的用法1．作主语。不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数，通常用于it作形式主语的句型中。如：It'simpossibleforustofinishtheworkwithin3days.对于我们来说，在三天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。专题10非谓语动词3．作定语。不定式作定语时通常要放在被修饰的词后，作后置定语。如：Ihavealotofhouseworktodoeveryday.我每天都有许多家务活要做。[注意]有些不及物动词的不定式作定语时，不定式动词后要加一个适当的介词。如：Ihavearoomtolivein.我有房间住。专题10非谓语动词4．作状语，表明目的、原因等。如：Icomehereonlytosaygoodbyetoyou.我来这儿仅仅是向你告别。(目的状语)5．作宾语。能接不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有want,like,wish,hate,prefer,hope,continue,manage,try,ask,offer,start,forget,promise,mean,pretend,begin,decide,learn,agree,choose,expect等。另外，tell,advise,show,teach,findout,decide,discuss,learn,forget等动词常用一个带连接代(副)词的不定式作宾语。如：专题10非谓语动词Sheconsideredhowtoanswerthequestion.她考虑如何回答这个问题。[注意]在个别的介词后可用“连接代(副)词＋不定式”这种结构作宾语。如：Everyonehashisownideaofhowtodoit.如何做这件事每个人都有自己的想法。专题10非谓语动词6．作宾语补足语。不定式在使役动词let,make,have和感官动词see,hear,watch,notice,feel及find等后作宾语补足语时要省略to。巧记这些动词：一感(feel)、二听(hear,listento)、三让(let,make,have)、四看(lookat,see,watch,notice)、半帮助(help)。但变为被动语态时，作补语的不定式必须加上to。如：专题10非谓语动词●2动名词的用法1．作主语。如：Playingcomputergamestoomuchisbadforyoureyes.过多地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。专题10非谓语动词(2)既可接动名词作宾语，又可以接动词不定式作宾语的动词或短语有forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等，但意义上有区别。如：①stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做某事(另一件事)Pleasestopworking.请停止工作。Let'sstoptohavearest.咱们停下来休息一会儿吧。专题10非谓语动词③trydoingsth.尝试做某事trytodosth.尽力做某事He'stryingdrivinghisnewcar.他正尝试着开他的新车。Hermotheralwaystriestogohomeearlierafterwork.她母亲下班后总是尽量早点回家。专题10非谓语动词④goondoingsth.继续做某事(同一件事)goontodosth.继续做另一件事Theworkerswentonworkingaftertherainstopped.雨停下来后，工人们继续干活。Shewentontocookdinneraftershewashedclothes.洗完衣服后，她继续做晚饭。专题10非谓语动词(3)lookforwardto,beusedto,bebusy,havedifficulty/trouble/problem(in)，haveagood/wonderful/hardtime(in)等动词短语及about,of,for等介词后也必须接动名词形式。如：Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.我盼望早点收到你的来信。I'msorryforcominglate.对不起我来晚了。专题10非谓语动词3．作表语。如：Myhobbyismakingallkindsofkites.我的爱好是制作各种各样的风筝。4．作定语。如：Therearethreereadingroomsinourschool.我们学校有三个阅览室。专题10非谓语动词●3分词的用法分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词表示主动或动作正在进行；过去分词表示被动或动作已经完成。1．作定语。单个分词作前置定语；分词短语作后置定语。如：Thebuildingbuiltlastyearwasdesignedbymyuncle.那栋去年建造的大楼是我的叔叔设计的。专题10非谓语动词┃考点过关┃Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示完成句子1．Idon'tknowhow____________(算出)themathproblem.2．Wefinditnecessary___________(保护)wildanimals.3．Mr.Brownaskedustostop________(交谈)andwestoppedtolistentohimatonce.toworkouttoprotecttalking专题10非谓语动词4．Don'tyouknowthatteenagersaren'tallowed________(抽烟)?5．Wouldyoumind________(关)thewindow?6．—Youforgot________(叫醒)meupagain.—Sorry,Iwon'tnexttime.7．Shespentthewholemorning________(写)theletter.tosmokeclosingtowakewriting专题10非谓语动词Ⅱ.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空1．Studentsshouldlearnhow________(solve)problems.2．—Canyoufinish________(read)thesebooksbefore10o'clock?—Yes,Ican.3．OurEnglishteacheroftensaystous,“________(learn)Englishwellisveryimportant.”tosolvereadingLearning专题10非谓语动词4．Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan________(help)others.5．—Howisyourgrandma?—She'sfine.Sheusedto________(watch)TVathomeaftersupper.Butnowsheisusedto________(go)outforawalk.6．It'sbadforyou________(eat)toomuchjunkfood.tohelpwatchgoingtoeat专题10非谓语动词┃语法专练┃1．[2013·吉林]Wouldyoumind________thedoor?It'squitewindyoutside.A．close

B.closing

C．toclose2．2014·黔西南Tom'smothertoldhim________eatingtoomuchmeat.A．stoppingB．tostopC．stopsD．stoppedBB专题10非谓语动词3．2014·绵阳SofartheexchangeprogramhasbroughtmanyforeignerstoChina________Chinese.A．studyB．tostudyC．studyingD．studied4．[2013·白银]________honestisthefirstthingpeopleshouldlearn.A．BeingB.LookC．BeD.BecomeBA专题10非谓语动词5．[2014·广东]Inorder________forthemeeting,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.A．nottobelateB．notbeinglateC．tobelateD.beinglate6．2014·烟台Youlooktired.You'dbetter________agoodrest.A．stoptohaveB．stophavingC．tostoptohaveD．tostophavingAA专题10非谓语动词8．[2013·滨州]—Wouldyoulike________campingwithme?—I'dliketo.ButI'mbusy________myhomework.A．togo;todoB.togo;doingC．going;todoD.going;doingCB专题10非谓语动词9．[2013·黄石]Seeingtheirteacher________intotheclassroom,theystopped________atonce.A．walk;tellingB.entering;tospeakC．enter;totellD.walking;talkingD专题10非谓语动词10．[2013·安顺]—Who'stheboyinawhiteT­shirt________underthetree?—Myfriend.A．standB.tostandC．stoodD.standingD专题10非谓语动词11．[2013·呼和浩特]Tom,wouldyouplease ________thebox?It'sforyoursister.A．notopenB.don'topenC．nottoopenD.tonotopen12．Hesaidhehoped________hisson.A．toseeB．youtoseeC．seeingD．youseeingAA专题10非谓语动词13．—WhyisLinlinpracticingspeakingEnglish?—________abroadforfurtherstudy.A．GoB．GoneC．TogoD．Goes14．It'sdangerous________acloselookatthetigerinthezoo.A．forustakingB.ofustotakeC．ofustakingD.forustotakeCD专题10非谓语动词15．MypenpalAndrewfounditdifficult________Chinesewell.A．learningB．learnC．tolearnD．learnedCit作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。专题10非谓语动词16．Youmustgetyourroom________beforeyouleave.A．cleanedB．tocleanC．cleaningD．tobecleanedAgetsth.done意为“让某事被做”。专题10非谓语动词17.—Don'tforget________yourhistoryandpoliticsbookstomorrowmorning.—Thanks.Iwon't.A．bring B．tobringC．bringingD．totakeB专题10非谓语动词18．Whilewewererunningontheplayground,Jacksuddenlystopped________andlayontheground,soweallstopped________whatwaswrongwithhim.A．torun;toseeB．running;seeingC．running;toseeD．torun;seeingCstopdoingsth.意为“停止正在做的事情”；stoptodosth.意为“停止原来做的事情去做另一件事情”。专题10非谓语动词19．OurChineseteachercameintotheclassroom，________abookunderhisarm.A．carriesB．carriedC．tocarryD．carryingD这里用现在分词短语表示伴随状态。专题10非谓语动词20．Iguesstheremustbesomeone________outsidethehouse.Let'sgoouttoseewhoitis.A．speaksB．speakingC．spokeD．tospeakBtheremustbesb.doingsth.意为“肯定有某人正在做某事”，现在分词doing表示动作正在进行。专题10非谓语动词21．Itwassuchafunnyshowthatpeoplecouldn'thelp________againandagain.A．laughB．tolaughC．laughingD．laughedCcan'thelpdoingsth.意为“情不自禁做某事”。专题10非谓语动词22．Iprefer________TVto________books.A．reading;watchingB．seeing;watchingC．watching;lookingD．watching;readingDpreferdoingsth.todoingsth.意为“宁可做某事，而不愿做某事”。专题10非谓语动词23．We'llconsider________arobotthatcanbothworkandthink.A．makingB．tomakeC．makeD．madeAconsiderdoingsth.意为“考虑做某事”。专题10非谓语动词24．Mypenfriendusedto________Japanese,butnowheisusedto________Chinese.A．speak;sayB．say;sayingC．speak;speakingD．say;speakC“usedto＋动词原形”意为“过去常常做某事”；“beusedto＋v.­ing”意为“习惯做某事”，都是固定搭配。专题10非谓语动词25．—Doyoufeellike________orshallwegobybus?—Iprefertowalk,butwemust________ataxi,forit'stoolate.A．walking;takeB．towalk;totakeC．walking;totakeD．towalk;takeAfeellikedoingsth.意为“想要做某事”，是固定搭配；must后接动词原形。专题10非谓语动词26．Youshouldmakeyourself________byothers.A．understandB．understandingC．understoodD．tobeunderstoodC考查过去分词作宾语补足语。makeyourselfunderstood意为“使你自己被理解”。专题10非谓语动词27．Goon________theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.A．doingB．tobedoingC．todoD．withC根据句中的“theotherexercise”可知此题考查短语goontodosth.，意为“继续做……(和前一件事不同)”。专题10非谓语动词28．—Whyareyousoexcited?—Peterinvitedme________onatriptoYuntaiMountain.A．togoB．goC．goingD．wentAinvitesb.todosth.意为“邀请某人做某事”，todosth.作宾语补足语。专题10非谓语动词29．ThemostimportantthingIwanttodois________．A．findagoodjobB．tofindagoodjobC．findingagoodjobD．foundagoodjobB考查不定式作表语的用法。专题10非谓语动词30．Theboyisoftenmade________outsidetheclassroom.A．standB．standsC．tostandD．standing