C语言程序设计习题集沈国荣-参考答案

C语言程序设计习题集沈国荣-参考答案C语言程序设计习题集沈国荣-参考答案C语言程序设计习题集沈国荣-参考答案xxx公司C语言程序设计习题集沈国荣-参考答案文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度《C语言程序设计》习题解答沈国荣隋雪莉闵芳目录第1章C语言程序设计概述 2第2章数据类型及其运算 3第3章语句与输入输出 4第4章选择结构程序设计 6第5章循环结构程序设计 9第6章数组 12第7章函数 15第8章编译预处理 18第9章指针 19第10章结构体与共用体 21第11章位运算 25第12章文件操作 26

第1章C语言程序设计概述一、选择题12345678910CBACCBDBDA二、填空题1. 函数、main()函数2. /*、*/3. .C、.OBJ、.EXE4. 顺序结构、选择结构、循环结构三、编程题1.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ printf("（学校名称）\n"); printf("（姓名）\n"); return0;}2.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ printf("（学校名称）\n（姓名）\n"); return0;}

第2章数据类型及其运算一、选择题12345678910CCCABADDC、BB11121314151617181920CADDDCDC注：第5题B选项为：'\'''\017''\t'二、填空题1. 字母、数字、下划线2. 1、4、4、83. -164. 5. 06. 97. 68. -609. y%2==110. 1、0、1三、程序阅读题1. b2. 03. 04. 10,25. 9,10,9,106. 3,1,0,07. 3,20,30,1

第3章语句与输入输出一、选择题12345678910BCCCCBBBDA二、填空题1. 2. D3. 回车4. 10,2三、程序阅读题1. 2612. 203. 201,104. y=4630 y=46305. *,*6. c:dec=120,oct=170,hex=78,ASCII=x7. x=1y=2*sum*=3 10squaredis:1008. 2489. x+y+z=4810. 55,,A四、编程题1.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){charch;printf("请输入一个字符：\n");scanf("%c",&ch);printf("%c的ASCII码为：%d\n",ch,ch);return0;}2.【参考代码】#include<>#definePIintmain(){ doubler,h; doublecl,cs,cv; printf("请输入圆的半径："); scanf("%lf",&r); printf("请输入圆柱高："); scanf("%lf",&h); cl=2*PI*r; cs=PI*r*r; cv=PI*r*r*h; printf("圆的周长为：%.4lf\n",cl); printf("圆的面积为：%.4lf\n",cs); printf("圆柱的体积为：%.4lf\n",cv); return0;}3.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ intsplitInt,one,ten,hundred; printf("输入要处理的整数："); scanf("%d",&splitInt); hundred=splitInt/100; ten=splitInt%100/10; one=splitInt%10; printf("个位:%d，十位:%d，百位:%d\n",one,ten,hundred); return0;}

第4章选择结构程序设计一、选择题123456DCCBBD二、程序阅读题1. 102. 2,2,23. 64. 97,b5. c=-16. 88887. 20,08. 2,19. 1,1 2,2 2,1 -2,210. a=1,b=3三、程序完善题1. a>b、c>x四、编程题1.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ inta,b,c,d,min; printf("输入4个整数："); scanf("%d%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c,&d); if(a<b)min=a; elsemin=b; if(c<min)min=c; if(d<min)min=d; printf("%d\n",min); return0;}2.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ intnum,a,b,c,d; printf("请输入一个四位整数："); scanf("%d",&num); a=num/1000; b=num%1000/100; c=num%100/10; d=num%10; printf("各位数字之和为：%d\n",a+b+c+d); return0;}3.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ intx; printf("请输入x："); scanf("%d",&x); printf("y的值为："); if(x<0) printf("%d\n",x); elseif(x<50) printf("%d\n",3*x-2); elseif(x<100) printf("%d\n",4*x+1); else printf("%d\n",5*x); return0;}4.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ intdj; floatzl,je,yfk; printf("请输入等级（1~4）:"); scanf("%d",&dj); if(dj>4||dj<1) { printf("无此等级的苹果！\n"); return0; } printf("请输入重量（公斤）:"); scanf("%f",&zl); printf("\n"); switch(dj) { case1:je=*zl;break; case2:je=*zl;break; case3:je=*zl;break; case4:je=*zl;break; } printf("您选择苹果级别:%d级\n",dj); printf("您购买苹果重量:%.2f公斤\n",zl); printf("您应付金额为:%.2f元\n",je); printf("\n"); printf("顾客所付金额:"); scanf("%f",&yfk); if(yfk<je) { printf("DataError!\n"); return0; } printf("应找您:%.2f元\n",yfk-je); return0;}

第5章循环结构程序设计一、选择题12345678(1)8(2)91011CBBBABBBCDCB二、程序阅读题1. 1,2,02. m=4,n=23. A2C4E64. 1325. 46. k=0,m=57. x=88. 9. 998988三、程序完善题1. (ch>'Z'&&ch<='Z'+4)||(ch>'z')ch-262. kk/10continue3. i+t*10s=s+t4. fabs(t)>=1e-6f=-f5. i<10j%3!=0四、编程题1.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ intn,i,j,k; printf("Output：\n"); for(n=100;n<1000;n++) { i=n%10;/*个位*/ j=(n/10)%10;/*十位*/ k=n/100;/*百位*/ if(n==i*i*i+j*j*j+k*k*k) printf("%d\n",n); }return0;}2.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){inti,m,n,t,p,k;printf("Pleaseinput:");scanf("%d,%d",&m,&n);if(m<n){ t=n; n=m; m=t;}p=m*n;while(n!=0)/*余数不为0，继续相除，直到余数为0*/{ i=m%n; m=n; n=i;}k=p/m;printf("%d,%d\n",m,k);return0;}3.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ inti,n,t,sum; t=1; sum=0; printf("Pleaseinput:n="); scanf("%d",&n); for(i=1;i<=n;i++) { t=t*i; sum=sum+t; } printf("1!+2!+…+%d!=%d\n",n,sum);return0;}4.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ inti,m; doublesum=0,k=1; printf("Pleaseinput:m="); scanf("%d",&m); for(i=1;i<=m;i++) { sum=sum+k/i; k=-k; } printf("sum=%4.2f\n",sum);return0;}

第6章数组一、选择题12345678910111213141516DDDBCCBCCDDBDDCD二、程序阅读题182430,24125t*M6mo7fwo三、程序完善题1k=ij=ia[k]=maxa[j]=min2sum+=score[i]score[i]<avg3s[i]=s[i]+a[i][j]printf("\n");4j=strlen(str)–1str[j]=k5(c=getchar())!='#'num[c-'A']+=1四、编程题1.【参考代码】#include<>#defineN5intmain(){ inta[N],i,j,r,temp; printf("Pleaseinput%dnumbers\n",N); for(i=0;i<N;i++) scanf("%d",&a[i]); for(i=0;i<N-1;i++) { r=i; for(j=i+1;j<N;j++) if(a[j]<a[r]) r=j; if(r!=i) { temp=a[r]; a[r]=a[i]; a[i]=temp; } } printf("Thearrayaftersort:\n"); for(i=0;i<N;i++) printf("%5d",a[i]); printf("\n");return0;}2.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ inta[10]={1,2,3,6,7,8,9,10}; intx,j,k=0; printf("Pleaseinput:x="); scanf("%d",&x); if(x>a[7]) a[8]=x; else { for(j=0;j<8;j++) if(x<a[j]) break; for(k=8;k>j;k--) a[k]=a[k-1]; a[j]=x; } for(j=0;j<9;j++) printf("%5d",a[j]); printf("\n");return0;}3.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ inta[5][5]={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24}; inti,j,sum=0; for(i=0;i<5;i++) { for(j=0;j<5;j++) printf("%4d",a[i][j]); printf("\n"); } for(i=0;i<5;i++) sum+=a[i][i]; printf("sum=%4d\n",sum);return0;}4.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ chars1[100],s2[30]; inti,j; printf("Pleaseinputs1:"); gets(s1); printf("Pleaseinputs2:"); gets(s2); for(i=0;s1[i]!='\0';i++); for(j=0;s2[j]!='\0';j++,i++) s1[i]=s2[j]; s1[i]='\0'; printf("Output\ns1:"); puts(s1);return0;}5.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ chars1[100]; inti; printf("Pleaseinputs1:"); gets(s1); for(i=0;s1[i]!='\0';i++); printf("Thelengthofs1is%d\n",i);return0;}

第7章函数一、选择题123456789101112131415BDDABBCBDDAADDA二、程序阅读题1maxis22a=1,b=231 114a=11,b=12,c=256678978178012012三、程序完善题1floatarea(floatr)returns2z=fun(x,y)z=z*x3count=fun(score)count++四、编程题1.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ voidf(intn); intn; printf("Pleaseinput:n="); scanf("%d",&n); if(n<=0) printf("Wrongnumber!\n"); else f(n);return0;}voidf(intn){ if(n%2==1) printf("%disaoddnumber.\n",n); else printf("%disaevennumber.\n",n);}2.【参考代码】#include<>#include<>intmain(){ voidf(intm); intm; printf("Pleaseinput:m=");scanf("%d",&m); f(m); return0;}voidf(intm){ inti,k; k=sqrt(m); for(i=2;i<=k;i++) if(m%i==0) break;if(i>=k+1)printf("%disaPrimeNumber.\n",m);elseprintf("%disnotaPrimeNumber.\n",m);}3.【参考代码】#include<>intgys(intm,intn){ intr; r=m%n; while(r!=0) { m=n; n=r; r=m%n; } returnn;}intgbs(intm,intn,intr){ returnm*n/r;}intmain(){ intm,n,t; printf("Pleaseinput(m,n)："); scanf("%d%d",&m,&n); if(m<n) { t=m; m=n; n=t; } t=gys(m,n); printf("gys=%d\n",t); t=gbs(m,n,t); printf("gbs=%d\n",t); return0;}4.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ voidmystrcat(chars1[100],chars2[30]); chars1[100],s2[30]; printf("Pleaseinputs1:"); gets(s1); printf("Pleaseinputs2:"); gets(s2); mystrcat(s1,s2); printf("Output\ns1:"); puts(s1); return0; }voidmystrcat(chars1[100],chars2[30]){ inti,j; for(i=0;s1[i]!='\0';i++); for(j=0;s2[j]!='\0';j++,i++) s1[i]=s2[j]; s1[i]='\0';}

第8章编译预处理一、选择题123456ADDABA二、程序阅读题16,1821535

第9章指针一、选择题123456789101112DBBCDCCCDBCC1314151617CDDAC二、填空题1. 地址，NULL（或0）2. chara,*p;，scanf("%c",&a);，p=&a;3. *m4. for(k=0;k<10;k++)5. *(p+i)，p[i]，*(x+i)6. str[i]或*(str+i)，i三、程序阅读题1. gae2.bcdABCD3.7,8,84.845.31426.efgh7.w,one8.7四、程序完善题1. a[i]或*(a+i)2. *p!='\0' *p-'0'3. p1 p2-x4. max(inta,intb);p=max四、编程题1.【参考代码】#include<>voidsort(int*a,int*b,int*c);intmain(){ intm,n,t; printf("Pleaseinput(mnt):"); scanf("%d%d%d",&m,&n,&t); sort(&m,&n,&t); printf("Theresultis:%d\t%d\t%d\n",m,n,t); return0;}voidsort(int*a,int*b,int*c){ inttemp; if(*a>*b){temp=*a;*a=*b;*b=temp;} if(*a>*c){temp=*a;*a=*c;*c=temp;} if(*b>*c){temp=*b;*b=*c;*c=temp;}}2.【参考代码】程序1:#include<>intstrcompare(char*str1,char*str2);intmain(){ intm; chars1[20],s2[20],*p1,*p2; printf("Pleaseinput(string1):"); scanf("%s",s1); printf("Pleaseinput(string2):"); scanf("%s",s2); m=strcompare(s1,s2); printf("Theresultofstrcompareis:%d\n",m); return0;}intstrcompare(char*str1,char*str2){ inti=0; while((*(str1+i)==*(str2+i))&&(*(str1+i)!='\0')) i++; return(*(str1+i)-*(str2+i));}程序2:#include<>intstrcompare(char*str1,char*str2);intmain(){ intm; chars1[20],s2[20],*p1,*p2; printf("Pleaseinput(string1):"); scanf("%s",s1); printf("Pleaseinput(string2):"); scanf("%s",s2); p1=s1; p2=s2; m=strcompare(p1,p2); printf("Theresultofstrcompareis:%d\n",m); return0;}intstrcompare(char*str1,char*str2){ inti=0; while((*(str1+i)==*(str2+i))&&(*(str1+i)!='\0')) i++; return(*(str1+i)-*(str2+i));}程序3:#include<>intstrcompare(charstr1[],charstr2[]);intmain(){ intm; chars1[20],s2[20],*p1,*p2; printf("Pleaseinput(string1):"); scanf("%s",s1); printf("Pleaseinput(string2):"); scanf("%s",s2); p1=s1; p2=s2; m=strcompare(p1,p2); printf("Theresultofstrcompareis:%d\n",m); return0;}intstrcompare(char*str1,char*str2){ inti=0; while((str1[i]==str2[i])&&(str1[i]!='\0')) i++; return(str1[i]-str2[i]);}

第10章结构体与共用体一、选择题1234567891011CBACCDDDCBD二、填空题1. 112. p->next=head->nexthead->next=p3. p->next三、程序阅读题1. 51,60,212.163.1001,ChangRong,四、程序完善题1. sizeof(structps)或sizeof(bt)2. p=p->next3. person[i].sex五、编程题1.【参考代码】#defineN3#include<>structstudent{ charnum[6]; charname[8]; intscore[2]; floatave;};voidinput(structstudentstu[N]);voidaverage(structstudentstu[N]);intmax(structstudentstu[N]);intmain(){inti,j; structstudentstu[N]; input(stu); average(stu); printf("No\tName\tScore1\tScore2\tAverage\n"); for(i=0;i<N;i++) { printf("%s\t%s\t",stu[i].num,stu[i].name); for(j=0;j<2;j++) printf("%d\t",stu[i].score[j]); printf("%\n",stu[i].ave); } i=max(stu); printf("\nThemaxis：\n"); printf("No\tName\tScore1\tScore2\tAverage\n"); printf("%s\t%s\t",stu[i].num,stu[i].name); for(j=0;j<2;j++) printf("%d\t",stu[i].score[j]); printf("%\n",stu[i].ave); return0;}voidinput(structstudentstu[N]){ inti,j; for(i=0;i<N;i++) { printf("\nPleaseinputNo%dstudent:\n",i+1); printf("No:"); scanf("%s",stu[i].num); printf("Name:"); scanf("%s",stu[i].name); for(j=0;j<2;j++) { printf("score%d:",j+1); scanf("%d",&stu[i].score[j]); } }}voidaverage(structstudentstu[N]){ inti,j,sum; for(i=0;i<N;i++) { for(j=0,stu[i].ave=0;j<2;j++)stu[i].ave+=stu[i].score[j]; stu[i].ave=stu[i].ave/2; }}intmax(structstudentstu[N]){ inti,max,index; max=stu[0].ave; index=0; for(i=1;i<N;i++) { if(max<stu[i].ave) { max=stu[i].ave; index=i; } } returnindex;}2.【参考代码】#include<>#include<>structnode{shortintdata; structnode*next;};typedefstructnodeNODE;structnode*CreatLink();voidPrintLink(NODE*head);intmax(NODE*head);intmain(){ NODE*head; intmax_value; head=CreatLink(); PrintLink(head); max_value=max(head); printf("Themaxis:%d\n",max_value); return0;}structnode*CreatLink(){NODE*head,*p,*q; shortintnum; head=(NODE*)malloc(sizeof(NODE)); head->next=NULL; p=head; printf("Pleaseinput(endof-1)!:\n"); scanf("%d",&num); while(num!=-1) { q=(NODE*)malloc(sizeof(NODE)); q->data=num; p->next=q; p=q; scanf("%d",&num); }p->next=NULL; returnhead;}voidPrintLink(NODE*head){ NODE*p; p=head->next; printf("Thedatais:\n"); while(p!=NULL) { printf("%4d",p->data); p=p->next; } printf("\n");}intmax(NODE*head){ NODE*p; shortintmax=-32768; p=head->next; while(p!=NULL) { if(max<p->data) max=p->data; p=p->next; } returnmax;}

第11章位运算一、选择题1234DBCA二、填空题1. 000011112. x|ff003. 43三、程序阅读题1. 02.11223.0四、编程题1.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ shortintdata,low,high; printf("Pleaseinput(shortint):"); scanf("%d",&data); low=data&0x00ff;/*0x00ff表示低字节全1*/ high=data&0xff00;/*0xff00表示高字节全1*/printf("data:0x%x,thevalueoflowbyteis:0x%x\n",data,high); printf("data:0x%x,thevalueofhighbyteis:0x%x\n",data,low); return0;}2.【参考代码】#include<>intmain(){ shortintdata,result; printf("Pleaseintput(shortint):"); scanf("%d",&data); result=data^0x000f;/*0x000f表示低4位全1，高12位全0*/printf("Thedatais0x%x\nTheresultis:0x%x\n",data,result); return0;}

第12章文件操作一、选择题123456789101112DB、CCBBABCDBCC131415CDC二、填空题1. 二进制ASCII(文本)2. FILE*fp#include<>3. n–1buf的首地址4.15.用以获得文件读写位置标记指针的位置，函数返回值为当前文件读写位置标记指针相对于文件开头的字节数6.使文件读写位置标记指针重新返回文件的开头三、程序阅读题1. 122.end3.34.hello,四、程序完善题1. !feof(fp) fgetc(fp)2. fopen(“”,”r”) fp,”%d”,&temp z++3. (ch=getchar())ch,fp五、编程题1.【参考代码】#include<>#include<>#include<>intmain(){ FILE*fp; charstr[100],filename[10]; inti=0; if((fp=fopen("","w+"))==NULL) { printf("Cannotopenfile!\n"); exit(0); } printf("Pleaseinput(string):\n"); gets(str); while(str[i]!='!') { if(str[i]>='a'&&str[i]<='z') str[i]=str[i]-32; fputc(str[i],fp); i++; } rewind(fp); fgets(str,strlen(str)+1,fp); printf("\nTheresultis:\n"); printf("%s\n",str); fclose(fp); return0;}2.【参考代码】#include<>#include<>#defineN5structstudent{ charnum[10];charname[8];intscore[3];floatave;}stu[N];intmain(){ inti,j,sum;FILE*fp; for(i=0;i<N;i++){ printf("\nPleaseinputstudentinformation:\n",i+1);printf("No:");scanf("%s",stu[i].num);printf("Name:");scanf("%s",stu[i].name);sum=0;for(j=0;j<3;j++){ printf("Score%d:",j+1);scanf("%d",&stu[i].score[j]);sum+=stu[i].score[j]; }stu[i].ave=sum/; }if((fp=fopen("","w"))==NULL){printf("cannotopenstudforwrite!\n");exit(0);} for(i=0;i<N;i++){ fwrite(&stu[i],sizeof(structstudent),1,fp);}fclose(fp); if((fp=fopen("","r"))==NULL){printf("cannotopenstudforread!\n");exit(0);} printf("\nNo\tName\tScore1\tScore2\tAverage\n"); for(i=0;i<N;i++){fread(&stu[i],sizeof(structstudent),1,fp