外研版英语七年级上册语法总结

1】Whereareyoufrom你来自哪里？回答：IamfromBeijing./IcomefromBeijing.2】Whataboutgoingswimming去游泳怎么样？回答：Goodidea!/Soundsgreat!/Great!用法：whatabout=Howabout,about是介词，后接动词ing.例：Whatabout__listening__(listen)tomusic3】Everyoneishere.每个人都在这里。Everyone：每个人，是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。例如：Everyone__likes__(like)music.4】and/but的用法and:和，表示并列或顺承关系。but:但是，表示转折关系。例如：HeisfromChina,__but_heisn'tChinese.5】It'snicetomeetyouall.很高兴见到你们。句型：It's+形容词+todosth.例如：It'sdifficult_tolearn__(learn)English.6】MynameisTonySmith.Myfirstnameis___Tony.mylastnameis___Smith.7】Be的用法Be包括is，am,are.Be搭配口诀：I用am,you用are,is用于he,she,it.单数和不可数名词用is,复数全用are.Be的肯定变否定，be+notBe的缩写：Iam=I'm;youare=you'reheis=he's;sheis=she's;itis=it's;whatis=what'sBe的疑问句：Be+主语+其他？回答：Yes,主语+be./No,主语+benot.M2语法1】What/How引导的感叹句What+a/an+形容词+名词+(主语+谓语)!=How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！Whatabigfamily(itis)!=Howbigthefamilyis!Whatfineweather(itis)!=Howfinetheweatheris!2】infrontof在前面/inthefrontof在前部3】名词所有格两人共有：AandB's+is两人分别有：A'sandB's+are例如：MrsGreenis__A__mother.LinglingandLucy'sLingling'sandLucy'sLingling'sandLucy4】合成词合成词变复数，一般情况，后面的单词变复数。boystudent___boystudentsbusdriver__busdrivers2.含woman和man的合成词变复数，两个都要变复数。manteacher___menteacherswomandoctor__womendoctors5】What'syourfather'sjob你的爸爸是做什么工作的？=Whatdoesyourfatherdo=whatisyourfather回答：Heisateacher.6】BeijingisthecapitalofChina.北京是中国的首都。China一ChineseEngland-EnglishJapan-JapaneseAmerica-AmericanAfrica-African7】Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.这是我的一张全家照。aphotoof…的一张照片8】名词所有格有生命的：Lingling'sbooks无生命的：adoorofclassroom表示时间和距离的：twohours'time我爸爸的一个朋友：afriendofmyfather's9】方位介词ontheleft在左边；ontheright在右边infrontof在前面；nextto=near紧靠inthemiddleof在中间10】SheandDaming'smotherareatthesamehospital.她和大明的妈妈在同一家医院工作。11】Myfatherisabusdriver,andheworksinabusstation.（职业的单词：policeman;doctor;nurse;teacher;actor;manager.）M3语法1】数字one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty.thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety,hundred.2】What'syourclassroominEnglandlike你在英国的教室是什么样子的？belike=looklike看起来像3】alotof=lotsof许多alotof/lotsof后接可数名词复数时，等于many;后接不可数名词时，等于much.4】furniture家具（总称）；food;drink;information信息，这些词都是不可数名词，用is5】some/any一些Some:用于肯定句（表示请求和建议，希望对方肯定回答的句子）WouldyoulikesomemilkWhataboutsomemilkCanIhavesomemilk2.any:用于否定句和疑问句中例如：Ihaven'tgot__any__（some/any）apples.Wouldyoulike_some___（some/any）apples6】onthewall/inthewall在墙上/在墙里例如：adooris_inthewallamapis__onthewall7】with/and的区别with和and都有“和”的意思with强调前者。例如：Jackwithhisfather__goes（go）topark.and强调两者都。例如：Jackandhisfather___go（go）topark.8】Therebe句型Therebe表示“有”（thereis/thereare）含义：表示某地存在某人/某物（have：强调某人/某物拥有）句型：（1）肯定句：Thereis/are+某人/某物（2）否定句：Thereisn't/aren't+某人/某物（3）疑问句：Is/Are+there+某人/某物？Yes,thereis./No,thereisn't.Yes,thereare./No,therearen't4.就近原则：is和are的选择由最靠近它的名词的单复数决定。例如：There__isapenandtwobooks.There___aretwobooksandapen.M4语法1】food/drink不可数名词（1）drink“饮料”，是不可数名词，用is（2）drink:haveadrink（3）drink:“喝”，drinktea.2】toomuch/toomany太多（1）toomuch+不可数名词（2）toomany+可数名词复数（3）muchtoo+形容词（muchtoobig）3】kind种类（1）akindof一种（2）differentkindsof不同种类的（3）bekindtosb.对某人和蔼4】health/healthy健康/健康的（1）Itisgoodforyourhealth，pleasekeephealthy.（2）stayhealthy;keephealthy;healthyfood.5】abitof一点Shehas__abitofmoney.=alittle6】remember记得remembertodosth.记得去做某事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事7】or或者;还是在肯定句中：表示”或者”在否定句和疑问句中，常用or来代替and：Ihaven'tgotapenorabook.在并列句中：表示“否则”:Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.8】havegot/hasgot句型定义：拥有。havegot=have；hasgot=has句型：肯定句：主语+havegot/hasgot+其他否定句：主语+haven'tgot/hasn'tgot+其他疑问句：Have/Has+主语+got+其他？回答：Yes,主语+have/has.No,主语+haven't/hasn't.Therebe和havegot的区别Therebe(某地存在某人/某物；强调存在)；havegot(某人/某物拥有…；强调拥有)9】特问词what(什么)where(哪里)when(何时)who(谁)which(哪一个)How(方式或状态)Whattime(什么时刻)Howold(多大)Whatcolour(什么颜色)Howoften(多少次)once/twice/threetimes10】isgoodfor对…有益反义词isbadfor对…有害11】名词可数名词--单数变复数规律：一般情况：加s以s,x,ch,sh结尾：力口es(buses,boxes,watches)以“辅音+y”结尾的，变y为i,力口es.(family-families,city-cities)以f/fe结尾：把它变成ves.(leaf-leaves,wife-wives,knife-knives)以o结尾，记口诀：(photo-photos)Negroesandheroeslikepotatoesandtomatoes.黑人和英雄喜欢马铃薯和西红柿。man-men;woman-women;child-childrenoo-ee:foot-feet;tooth-teeth;goose-geese(8)单复数同型：三人：Chinese;English;Japanese三物：fish；deer;sheep(9)特殊单词mouse-mice;ox-oxen;German-Germans2.不可数名词(1)分类：

液体类：water;tea;milk等肉类：meat;fish;beef等其他类：chocolate;bread;money;sugar;paper;work;homework;time;food;drink;furniture;information等（2）用法不可数名词，不用a/an，不加s/es变复数不可数名词，看作单数，和is搭配和alittle/little/abitof搭配和much搭配M5语法1】时间表达法1•顺读法It's+点钟+分钟122.逆读法It's+分钟•点钟1•顺读法It's+点钟+分钟122.逆读法It's+分钟•点钟（1）小于/30分钟:It's+:It's+halfpast+30分钟：It's+It's+点钟+o'clock分钟：It's+aquarterpa^t+点钟o'clock（牯等于30分钟分钟+past+点钟3点钟past（60-分钟）+to+（点钟+1）大于整点等于等于45^分钟：lt'6aquarte/to+（点钟+1）（3）4）5）（6）2】问时间What廿meisit=Wha&afhe廿me/回答：It's+时刻3】because因为past用Why来提问，用because来回答有because无so,有though无but4】talkto/talkwith与...交谈5】starttodosth开始去做某事=begintodosth6】have的用法have:拥有havebreakfast/havelunch/havedinner:吃早餐/中餐/晚餐haveChinese:上语文课havealook:看一看7】house/home/family的用法house:房子（强调建筑物）home:家乡（带有感情色彩）family:家庭或家人8】look/see/watch/read的用法lookat:看（强调动作）see:看（强调结果）watch:观赏(watchTV/watchgames)read:阅读(readbooks)9】一般现在时定义表示经常或反复发生的动作用法：表示经常发生的动作(V原或者V三单)表示现在的状态(Be)表示客观事实或普遍真理。V形Be(is/am/are);V原；V三单(当主语是第三人称单数)句型肯定句：主语+be+其他主语+V原+其他；主语+V三单+其他2•否定句：主语+be+not+其他主语+don't+V原+其他主语+doesn't+V原+其他3.疑问句:Be+主语+其他？Do+主语+V原+其他？Does+主语+V原+其他？(注意：在主+谓+宾结构中，否定句和疑问句要借助助动词do或does，助动词do/does后加动词原形)标志词always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom(很少)，never(从不)，everyday,onMondays练习题He__plays___(play)basketballeveryday.Daming__doesn'tlike___(notlike)art.Myfriends__don'tcome(notcome)._Does___thecat_eat(eat)fishWealways__watch(watch)TV.M6语法1】suchas例如2】other其他otheranimals=others其他动物one…theother一个…另一个some…theothers一些…另一些3】Shallwegoandseethem我们可以去看看他们吗？Shallwe+V原型(祈使句)4】alittle/little+不可数名词afew/few+可数名词复数5】aswellas并且；还aswellas=with(强调前者)例如：Heaswellashisfatherhas（have）lunch.6】begoodat=dowellin擅长at和in是介词，后接动词ing。例如：Heisgoodat__swimming（swim）Hedoeswellin__swimming（swim）M7语法1】connect・・・to…把…连接到…2】turnon打开;turnoff关闭turnup调大声；turndown调小声例如：It'ssodark,please_turnon_thelight.3】first第一（序数词）；one一（基数词）Heisthe_first（one）tocomehere.4】表示顺序的词first:首先next:接下来then:然后finally:最后5】finally最后__Finally（final）,youcanclickthemouse.6】print打印；printer打印机Pleaseusethe__printer___（print）7】mouse老鼠；鼠标（mice）Therearesome__mice（mouse）.8】share…with…与…分享9】plan计划What'syourplanforyoursummerholidayIplan__togo___（go）toBeijing.10】sometimes有时例如：Cmymothergoestoworkbytaxi.A.SometimesB.SometimeC.Sometimes11】特殊疑问句（1）结构：特问词+一般疑问句？（2）特问词：What（什么）where（哪里）;who（谁）;whose（谁的）;which（哪个）；when（何时）；how（如何，方式或状态）；Whattime（什么时刻）;whatcolour（什么颜色）Howsoon（多快；inanhour）;howlong（多长）；howoften（多少次；once;twice;threetimes；always）Howmany（问数量；可数名词）howmuch（问数量；不可数名词；问价格）（3）做题方法：根据答语选择特问词，问什么答什么M8语法1】Wouldyouliketocometomybirthdayparty你愿意来参加我的生日聚会吗？Wouldyoulike+sth.Wouldyouliketodosth.回答：Yes,I'dloveto./Yes,please.No,thanks./I'dloveto,but…例如：Wouldyoulike___tovisit__(visit)theGreatWall2】givesth.tosb.=givesb.sth.buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.3】exercise练习泛指练习时，是不可数名词：dosomeexercise特指具体的练习时，是可数名词复数：doeyeexercises;domorningexercises.4】searchforinformation搜索信息5】use...todo…用…做…6】DoyousingitinChineseorinEnglish选择疑问句，问什么答什么，不能用Yes/No回答。7】wear穿戴wear:强调穿戴的状态(wear+衣服，帽子，眼镜，鞋子)puton:强调穿的动作(Please_puton_yourcoat)dress:装扮dresssb.(Hedresseshimself)8】choose选择choosetodosth.选择去做9】paper不可数名词，用is10】information不可数名词，用is11】spend花费spend时间或者金钱人+spend+时间/金钱+onsth.人+spend+时间/金钱+(in)doingsth.例如：It'ssaidthatwe'llhaveto_D___onehourtoBeijing.A.take;flyingB.takes;toflyC.spends;toflyD.spend;flyingM9语法1】afew;few/alittle;little的用法2】lie躺着；说谎躺着：lie-lying说谎：tellalie3】enjoy享受enjoydoingsth.例如：Theyareenjoyinglistening(listen)tomusic.enjoyyourself=haveagoodtime玩得开心4】It'stimetogobacktoschoolnow.到时间回学校了。句型：It'stimetodosth.例如：It'stime__tohave(have)lunch.5】moment时刻atthemoment=atthismoment=now=rightnow用于现在进行时6】leave离开leaveA:离开AleaveforA:前往A7】geton上车；getoff下车;