一般现在时与现在进行时讲解及练习

一般现在时一、定义与讲解：一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作或一般性事实。，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。通常与副词everyday（每天），always（总是）,usually（通常）,often（经常）sometimes（有时）,等时间状语连用。例：（1）表示事物或人物的特征、状态。Theskyisblue天.空是蓝色的。Mary’fathersisanEnglishteacher.xx的爸爸是一名英语老师。（2）表示经常性或习惯性的动作。Igetupatsixeveryday我.每天六点起床。Sheplayssportseveryday.她每天都做运动。（3）表示客观现实。Thetablehasfourlegs.桌子有四条腿。Thereare50studentsinmyclass.我们班有50个学生。（4）表示客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，等客观事实或格言谚语等。Thesunrisesintheeasteveryday.xx每天从东方升起。Theearthgoesaroundthesun地.球绕着xx转。（5）表示平日的喜好。Ilikebananas. Wedon’tlikevegetables.Helikesicecream. Shedoesn’tlikestrawberries.二．只有主语在第三人称单数时用动词的 “三单形式”，其他人称用动词原形。1/15★动词三单形式的变化规则：1.（1）多数直接在动词词尾加 -s.play—plays like—likesask---asks work---works get---gets call---calls（2）以字母s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加 -es.watch---watches wish---wishes do---does go---goes（3）以“辅音字母加 -y”结尾的动词，要先变 y为i再加-es.try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies2.不规则变化：be----ishave----has三、一般现在时的句子转换：1）变一般疑问句：当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词(can,could等)提到主语的前面，（口诀：一调二变三问号） ;（2）变否定句：在be动词或情态动词后面直接加not变成否定句.(be后notxx忘记)例：①陈述句：Sheismysister..疑问句→Issheyoursister?Yes,Iam./No,I ’mnot.否定句→Sheisnotmysister.②陈述句：Icanplaysoccer.疑问句→Canyouplaysoccer?Yes,Ican./No,Ican ’t.否定句→Icannot/can play’tsoccer.注意：对一般疑问句的回答：2/15一般用什么问就用什么来回答。但以下例外：Isthisapencil? Yes,itis./No,itisn ’t.Isthatyourbackpack? Yes,itis./No,itisn ’t.Aretheseyourparents? Yes,they ’re./No,theyaren ’t.ArethoseJim ’sbrothers?Yes,they ’re./No,theyaren ’t.3）当句子中没有be动词，也没有情态动词时，变一般疑问句时，在主语前加助动词do(I,we,you,以及复数),does（第三人称单数she,he,it等）变成问句；4）变否定句时，在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don’t,doesn’t变成否定句，切记：助动词后的动词则还原成动词原形。例：①陈述句：Wegetup（起床） at7:00everymorning.疑问句→Doyougetupat7:00everymorning?否定句→Wedon’tgetupat7:00everymorning.②陈述句：Shehasabrother.疑问句→Doesshehaveabrother?否定句→Shedoesn’thaveabrother.※在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚，现归纳总结如下：一、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数。如：HelikeswatchingTV.他喜欢看电视。3/15Shehaslunchattwelve.她十二点吃午餐。二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：①HanMeilikessalsd .xx喜欢萨拉。BeijingisinChina.xx在xx。UncleWangoftenplaysvolleyball..xx叔叔经常打排球。三、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：Thisbookisyours.这本书是你的。③Thatcarisred. ④ThecatisLucy's.这只猫是露xx的。四、不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代词this,that作主语时，是第三人称单数。Everyoneishere.大家到齐了。Thereisawatchonthetable.桌上有块手表。Thisisapen.这是一支钢笔。④Thatisaneraser.五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：Themilk（牛奶）isintheglass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。②Thebreadisverysmall.那面包很小。六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如："6"isaluckynumber."6"是个xx数字。"I"isaletter."I"是个字母。一、按照要求改写句子1．Thisismypencil?变(一般疑问句)yourpencil?4/152.TheseredsocksareKate 变一般’疑s问.(句)socksKate ’s?Marydoesnothaveanybooks.变(肯定句)somebooks.Shelikestheblackbagverymuch.变(为否定句)5.Ilikeapples.(用she改写句子)6.It’sanEnglishdictionary对画.线(部分提问).7.Hehashamburgerandapplesfordinner.变(一般疑问句)二、用Be动词填空。youLiFen?No,not.Mr.greenverybusy?Yes,he.3..Thisbookveryinteresting. 4.Whatclassyouin?YouandIgoodfriends.Thebasketballclubfun.三．用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.LinTao(like)hisruler.2.Let ’s(have)icecream.Let’s(play)tennis!4.He(like)English.Nice(meet)you!6.I(need)somefruits.一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。havelikedrink_____go_____stay____study____teach_____1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.5/15DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.______they________(like)pears?_______yourparents_______(have)eggseveryday?There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.18.Mike_______(like)cooking.They_______(have)thesamehobby.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.Thisboyoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上 )IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?__________________Doeshelikesgoingfishing?________________Helikesplaygamesafterclass._________________Mr.WuteachsusEnglish._______________Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._____________一般现在时态句型转换This is a white key.(对画线部分进行提问)Ben’sbag is yellow and red.(对画线部分进行提问)6/15Her name is Gina.(对画线部分进行提问)My phone number is 673-8220.(对画线部分进行提问)The boy’sname is Jack.(对画线部分进行提问)The picture is on the wall.(对画线部分进行提问)Your baseball is under the chair.(对画线部分进行提问)His book is on the desk.(对画线部分进行提问)Some balls are in the dresser.(对画线部分进行提问)He is Johnny. (改为一般疑问句)These are his parents.(改为一般疑问句)This is my sister.(改为一般疑问句)7/1514.The baseball is under the bed.(改为一般疑问句)15.My key is on the bed.(改为一般疑问句)16.He has a tennis racket.(改为一般疑问句)17.I have some baseball bats.(改为一般疑问句)18.She has many things to do today.(改为一般疑问句)19.I like hamburgers.(改为一般疑问句)20.They have a TV.(改为一般疑问句)25.You are Tina.(改为否定句)26.These are my brothers.(改为否定句)27.The books are on the bookcase.(改为否定句)28.Three books are under the desk.(改为否定句)8/1530.We have a big TV in our house.(改为否定句)31.Kate has some money in her pocket.(改为否定句)32.He likes ice cream.(改为否定句)34.Nice to meet you!(写出答语)Is that a dictionary?(改为复数句)____________________________________________36These are photos.(改为单数句)37.Is he your cousin?(作肯定回答)38.Is Linda his sister?(作否定回答)39.Is this a Chinese book?(作否定回答)40.Those are dictionaries.(改为单数句)41.Is the CD on the sofa?(作肯定回答)9/1542.Are the chairs next to the table?(作否定回答)43.Where is my book?(改为复数句子)44.They are on the sofa.(改为单数句子)现在进行时现在进行时是由“助动词be(am,is,are)＋动词-ing”构成，表示说话者“此刻”或现阶段的行为。二、现在进行时的基本结构1．肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+现在分词+⋯⋯例如：Iamspeakingwithhimonthephone.我正和他通电话。Heisplayingtennis.他正在打网球。Myparentsaredancing.我父母正在跳舞。2．否定句：主语+benot+现在分词+⋯⋯例如：I'mnotstudying.我没在学习。Sheisnotreadingnow.现在她不是在看书。Theyarenotwriting.他们没在写。3．一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+现在分词+⋯⋯？例如：(1)—IsshestillhelpingLiLing?她还在帮助xx吗？—Yes,sheis.是的。/No,sheisn't.不，她没在帮xx。(2)—Areyoulisteningtomusic?你正在听音乐吗？10/15—Yes,Iam.是的。/No,I'mnot.不，我没有听音乐。4．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +be动词+主语+现在分词+⋯⋯？例如：—Whatareyoustudying?你正在学什么？—I'mstudyingEnglish.我在学英语。—WhatisMikedoing?迈克在做什么？ ----Heiswatchingthefootballmatch.他在看足球比赛。三、现在分词的变化规则1.一般在动词末尾加 ing,如： think-thinkinggo-going2.以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉 e,再加ing，如：3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing,如：put-puttingrun-running四、现在进行时的基本用法1．表示此时此刻(说话者)正在进行的动作。例如：Theteacheristalkingwithhisstudents.这位老师正在同他的学生交谈。Whatareyoudoingnow?你现在干什么呢？2．表示现阶段正在进行的动作，但此刻并不一定在进行。 例如：Wearedoinganexperimentthisweek.我们这个星期正在做一个实验。(但说话时并不一定在做实验。 )WeareleavingforShanghaitomorrow.我们明天启程去 xx。4．现在进行时表示说话时正发生的或者正进行的动作。常与时间状语now,atthemoment等连用。Itisraininghardnow.Don'thurry.11/15Iamwritingaletter.Willyoupleaseturndowntheradio?Watchout(当心)!It'sfalling.Look!Thecloudsaregathering.Wearebusyatthemoment.I'msellingcigarettes.Myfatherissellingsomesweets.5.表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作。WearegoingtoRomenextweek.MrBlackisleavingforShanghaiinafewdays.Areyoudoinganythingspecialtonight?6．用在时间和条件状语从句中表达将来正进行的动作。I'lltelephoneyoutomorrowwhileI'mwaiting.I'llthinkaboutitwhileyouarewritingthereport.Whenyouaretalkingwithhim,takecarenottomentionthis.IfyouarestandingatthecornerwhenIpass,I'llgiveyoualiftintotown.五、现在进行时的练习题 按要求改写句子Theboyisplayingbasketball.否定句：____________________________一般疑问句：_________________________肯定回答：__________________________否定回答：__________________________对“isplayingbasketball提问：”__________________________对“Theboy提”问：__________________________Theyaresingingintheclassroom.12/15否定句：____________________________ 一般疑问句：_________________________肯定回答：__________________________ 否定回答：__________________________对“aresinging提问”：__________________________对“intheclassroom提问”：__________________________4.she,thewindow,open,now.(用现在进行时连词成句.)_____________________5.Thebirdsaresinginginthetree.(就划线部分提问)________________________6.is,who,thewindow,cleaning?(连词成句)______________________Thechildrenareplayinggamesnearthehouse.就(划线部分提问)_______________8.Sheisclosingthedoornow.改(成否定句)______________________9.Youaredoingyourhomework.(用“作I”主语改写句子)______________________10.they,thetree,sing,now,under.(用现在进行时连词成句 .)_____________________11.TheYoungPioneersarehelpingtheoldwoman.改(成一般疑问句)______________________13/15II.单项选择()1.我在照看孩子.(A)Iamlookingafterthebaby.(B)I'mlookafteringthebaby.(C)Ilookamafteri