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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广东南华工商职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Developmentsinshipdesignandconstructionmethodscameaboutin(

)tochallengesencounteredintrading.

问题1选项

A.awareness

B.response

C.contrast

D.agreement

【答案】B

【解析】inresponseto响应,回答,对...有反应;incontrastto与...形成对照;选项A和D无此用法。句意:船舶设计和建造方法的发展是为了应对贸易中遇到的挑战。选项B符合句意。

2.单选题

Asurveyearlierthisyearfoundthatabout50percentofSouthAfricansthinkthat“most”or“almostall”governmentalofficialsareinvolvedin().

问题1选项

A.robbery

B.violation

C.corruption

D.stealing

【答案】C

【解析】robbery抢劫,盗窃;violation侵害;corruption贪污,腐败;stealing偷窃。句意:今年早些时候的一项调查发现,大约50%的南非人认为“大多数”或“几乎所有”政府官员都与腐败有关。选项C符合句意。

3.单选题

Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscience,buttheirformandfunction,theirdimensionsandappearanceweredeterminedbytechnologists,artisans,designers,inventors,andengineers—usingnonscientificmodesofthought.Manyfeaturesandqualitiesoftheobjectsthatatechnologistthinksaboutcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbaldescriptions;theyaredealtwithinthemindbyavisual,nonverbalprocess.InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennonverbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetails,androcketsexistnotbecauseofgeometryorthermodynamics,butbecausetheywerefirstapictureinthemindsofthosewhobuiltthem.

Thecreativeshapingprocessofatechnologist’smindcanbeseeninnearlyeveryartifactthatexists.Forexample,indesigningadieselengine,atechnologistmightimpressindividualwaysofnonverbalthinkingonthemachinebycontinuallyusinganintuitivesenseofrightnessandfitness.Whatwouldbetheshapeofthecombustionchamber?Whereshouldbethevalvesplayed?Shouldithavealongorshortpiston?Suchquestionshavearangeofanswersthataresuppliedbyexperience,byphysicalrequirements,bylimitationsofavailablespace,andnotleastbyasenseofform.Somedecisions,suchaswallthicknessandpindiameter,maydependonscientificcalculations,butthenonscientificcomponentofdesignremainsprimary.

Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurricula.Nonverbalthinking,acentralmechanisminengineeringdesign,involvesperceptions,thestockintradeoftheartist,notthescientist.Becauseperceptiveprocessesarenotassumedtoentail“hardthinking”,nonverbalthoughtissometimesseenasaprimitivestageinthedevelopmentofcognitiveprocessandinferiortoverbalormathematicalthought.ButitisparadoxicalthatwhenthestaffoftheHistoricAmericanEngineeringRecordwishedtohavedrawingsmadeofmachinesandisometric(等距)viewsofindustrialprocessesforitshistoricalrecordofAmericanengineering,theonlycollegestudentswiththerequisiteabilitieswerenotengineeringstudents,butratherstudentsattendingarchitecturalschools.

Ifcoursesindesign,whichinastronglyanalyticalengineeringcurriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredforpracticalproblemsolving,arenotprovided,wecanexpecttoencountersillybutcostlyerrorsoccurringinadvancedengineeringsystems.Forexample,earlymodelsofhighspeedrailroadcarsloadedwithsophisticatedcontrolswereunabletooperateinasnowstormbecauseafansuckedsnowintotheelectricalsystem.Absurdrandomfailuresthatplagueautomaticcontrolsystemsarenotmerelytrivialaberrations,theyareareflectionofthechaosthatresultswhendesignisassumedtobeprimarilyaprobleminmathematics.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whatistheuseofnonscientificthinking?

2.Itcanbeinferredthattheengineeringcurricula().

3.Bysaying“paradoxical”inthethirdparagraph,theauthorpointsoutthat().

4.Whichofthefollowingisprobablyinaccordancewiththeauthor’sidea?

问题1选项

A.Criticalthinkingmaybederivedfromnonscientificthinking.

B.Manyfeaturesandqualitiesofanobjectcanbeimagined.

C.Manyobjectsarecreatedwithclearverbaldescriptions.

D.Peoplefromdifferenttradesmaybenefitfromnonscientificthinking.

问题2选项

A.arestrongdespitetheabsenceofnonscientificmodesofthinking

B.shouldnotemphasizenonverbalthinkinginallcourses

C.arethoughttoincludeverbalormathematicalcourse

D.canbestrengthenedwhentheyincludecoursesindesign

问题3选项

A.engineeringstudentsdonotunderstandthehistoryofAmericanengineering

B.engineeringstudentsshouldknowmorethanarchitecturalstudents

C.engineeringstudentsshouldperceiveanddesignbetterthanarchitecturalstudentsdo

D.engineeringstudentsneglecttheimportanceofdrawings

问题4选项

A.Mathematicalthinkingisessentialtoanydesigncourse.

B.Nonverbalthinkinghasitsadvantagesoverotherperceptiveprocesses.

C.Engineeringdesigndemandsscientificthought.

D.Artistsplayaprimitiveroleinengineeringwork.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。由题干关键词“nonscientificthinking”可以定位到文章第一段第一句buttheirformandfunction,theirdimensionsandappearanceweredeterminedbytechnologists,artisans,designers,inventors,andengineers—usingnonscientificmodesofthought.(但它们的形式和功能、尺寸和外观是由技术人员、工匠、设计师、发明家和工程师用非科学的思维模式决定的。),说明各个行业的人都可以用到非科学的思维模式。因此D选项“不同行业的人可能从非科学思维中受益”正确。A选项“批判性思维可能来源于非科学思维”,文中没有提及批判性思维,所以A错误。B选项“一个物体的许多特征和品质是可以想象的”不是说的非科学性思维的用处,所以B错误。C选项“许多对象都是用清晰的语言描述创建的”,由原文Manyfeaturesandqualitiesoftheobjectsthatatechnologistthinksaboutcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbaldescriptions(技术专家思考的对象的许多特征和品质不能简化为明确的语言描述),说明不能用清晰的语言描述创建,所以C错误。

2.推理判断题。由题干关键词“engineeringcurricula”可以定位到文章第三段第一句Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurricula.(因此,设计课程应该是工程课程的一个基本元素。),说明设计课程对于工程学课程来说很重要。因此D选项“如果工程学课程包括设计课的话,课程会得到加强”正确。A选项“尽管缺乏非科学的思维模式,但仍然很强大”,由原文Nonverbalthinking,acentralmechanisminengineeringdesign,involvesperceptions,thestockintradeoftheartist,notthescientist.(非语言思维是工程设计的核心机制,它涉及到感知,是艺术家而非科学家的惯用手段。)可知工程学课程包含了非科学思维,所以A错误。B选项“不应在所有课程中强调非语言思维”,C选项“被认为包括语言或数学课程”在文中没有提及,所以B,C错误。

3.语义推测题。由题干关键词“paradoxical”可以定位到文章第三段第四句ButitisparadoxicalthatwhenthestaffoftheHistoricAmericanEngineeringRecordwishedtohavedrawingsmadeofmachinesandisometricviewsofindustrialprocessesforitshistoricalrecordofAmericanengineering,theonlycollegestudentswiththerequisiteabilitieswerenotengineeringstudents,butratherstudentsattendingarchitecturalschools.(但自相矛盾的是,当《美国工程历史记录》的工作人员希望让人画出机器的图纸和工业过程的等距视图,用于其对美国工程的历史记录时,具备必要能力的大学生却不是工科生,而是就读于建筑学院的学生。),说明要求非语言思维的工程专业学生本应该有更好的感知和设计能力,但他们却不如建筑学院的学生,这是自相矛盾的。因此C选项“工程专业的学生应该比建筑专业的学生更好地感知和设计”正确。A选项“工程专业的学生不了解美国工程的历史”,B选项“工程专业的学生应该比建筑专业的学生懂得更多”,D选项“工程专业的学生忽视了图纸的重要性”都不是作者想指出的内容,所以A,B,D错误。

4.观点态度题。A选项“数学思维对任何设计课程都是必不可少的”,由原文theyareareflectionofthechaosthatresultswhendesignisassumedtobeprimarilyaprobleminmathematics.(当设计被认为主要是一个数学问题时,它们反映了产生的混乱。),说明数学思维对于设计来说不是必不可少的,所以A错误。C选项“工程设计需要科学的思想”,由原文可知作者强调的是非科学思维,所以C错误。D选项“艺术家在工程工作中扮演着原始的角色”在文中没有提及所以D错误。B选项“非语言思维比其他知觉过程有优势”,由原文可知在很多方面都需要用到非语言思维,说明作者认为非语言思维是有优势的,所以B选项最能代表作者的观点。

4.单选题

Thegovernmentistryingtodosomethingto()betterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.

问题1选项

A.raise

B.promote

C.heighten

D.increase

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。raise“提高,筹集”;promote“促进,提升”;heighten“提高,增高”;increase“增加,增大”。句意:政府正在努力做一些事情来促进两国之间更好的理解。B项符合题意。

5.单选题

Whentheyoungmandiedunexpectedly,ittookhealthexpertsseveralweeksofintensivelabworktoidentifytheculprit.

问题1选项

A.curl

B.curve

C.cause

D.curse

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。横线单词culprit意为“犯人,罪犯;元凶”;A选项“curl”意为“卷曲;卷发;螺旋状物”;B选项“curve”意为“曲线;弯曲;曲线球;曲线图表”;C选项“cause”意为“原因;事业;目标”;D选项“curse”意为“诅咒;咒骂;祸根”。句意:当这个年轻人意外死亡时,健康专家花了几个星期进行深入细致的实验室工作来确定罪魁祸首。由题干可知,theyoungmandiedunexpectedly(这个年轻人意外死亡了)所以健康专家肯定是要确定导致他死亡的原因,或者说元凶。由此可知,culprit在此处最可能是“元凶”的意思,四个选项中curse具有“祸根”的意思,与此相近。因此D选项符合题意。

6.单选题

Budgetforecastsaretheultimatelessonintakingthings()inhindsight,mostforecastslookworsethanrandomguesses.

问题1选项

A.withastrokeofthepen

B.withawhipofscorpions

C.withagrainofsalt

D.withallduesubmission

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。withastrokeofthepen“一笔一划”;withawhipofscorpions“用残酷的高压手段”;withagrainofsalt“持怀疑态度,有保留”;withallduesubmission“必恭必敬的”。句意:预算预估对事情的猜测持保留态度,大多数预测看起来比随机猜测更糟。选项C符合题意。

7.单选题

Thementalcommoditymostdemandwillbepracticalwisdomratherthanspecialized(

).

问题1选项

A.experiment

B.expertise

C.witness

D.cleverness

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项experiment“达到,实现”;B选项expertise“要求”;C选项witness“获得,学到”;D选项cleverness“询问”。句意:人们最需要的精神产品将是实用的智慧,而不是小聪明。选项D更符合语境。

8.单选题

Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumber.Alllivingcreatures,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,buteverythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidaboutabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmostcontinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbepoisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?

Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberhassubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtorocksbyitstubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflats.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheabilitytosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.

Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddish-browntosand-coloredandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usuallythecreaturesarecucumber-shaped—hencetheirname—andbecausetheyaretypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinedwith(heirflexibility,enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.

Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershavethecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate—feedingsparinglyornotatallforlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovidetheirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty.theywoulddevourallthefoodavaila-bleinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethemselvesoutofexistence.

Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsitself.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs.Whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsinternalorgansintothewater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched;itwilldothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorthewaterbecomestoopolluted.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumberimportant?

2.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses()

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefensemechanismsoftheseacucumber?

4.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTcauseaseacucumbertoreleaseitsinternalorgansintothewater?

问题1选项

A.Becauseithelpsthemdigestfood.

B.Becauseithelpsthemprotectthemselvesfromdanger.

C.Becauseitmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughmud.

D.Becauseitmakesthemattractivetofish.

问题2选项

A.thereproductionofseacucumbers

B.thefoodsourcesofseacucumbers

C.theeatinghabitsofseacucumbers

D.threatstoseacucumbers'existence

问题3选项

A.Theyareverysensitivetothesurroundingstimuli.

B.Theyarealmostuseless.

C.Theyrequiregroupcooperation.

D.Theyaresimilartothoseofmostseacreatures.

问题4选项

A.Atouch

B.Food

C.Unusuallywarmwater

D.Pollution

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第三段,“enablesthemtosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents.”。可知海参的颜色和形状使它们可以藏进裂缝中,可以远离捕食者,更好地保护自己。选项B符合题意。

2.主旨题。根据第四段,“Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight..”。海参的胃口很大,可以昼夜不停地吃。可知第四段主要讨论海参的饮食习惯。选项C符合题意。

3.推断题。根据文章最后一段,“Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedoreventouched”一受到攻击甚至是触摸,海参把内脏会喷射到水里然后重生,可推断出海参对外界的攻击反应是很灵敏的。选项A符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段,“…ifitisattackedoreventouched…ifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohighorthewaterbecomestoopolluted.”。可知水温、水污染、攻击或者触碰都会使海参有反应。选项B符合题意。

9.单选题

Please()fromsmokinguntiltheaeroplaneisairborne.

问题1选项

A.refrain

B.prevent

C.resist

D.restrain

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。refrainfrom克制,抑制,忍住;preventfrom阻止,制止;resist一般与to搭配,意为“抵抗,反抗”;restrain的用法为restrainsb.fromdoingsth.,意为“阻止某人做某事”。这里指克制住抽烟的冲动,所以选项A符合语境。

10.单选题

Thereasonhewantstotakealeaveofabsenceis______.

问题1选项

A.becauseheisneedingacompleterest

B.becauseheneededacompleterest

C.thatheneedsacompleterest

D.becauseacompleterestisneededbyhim

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.becauseheisneedingacompleterestB.becauseheneededacompleterest

C.thatheneedsacompleterestD.becauseacompleterestisneededbyhim

【答案】C

【考查点】表语从句。

【解题思路】分析句子可知,句子缺少表语,而结合选项可知,该句的句意是“他想休假的原因是他需要充分休息”,所以空格处是一个表语从句,because和that都可以引导表语从句,而“需要休息”的主体是he,所以从句中的主语用he,又根据前面的wants可知,need应该同样用一般现在时,故该题选择C项。

【干扰项排除】

A项need一般不用于进行时态;

B项need时态使用错误;

D项主语应该是he,故排除。

【句意】他想休假的原因是他需要充分休息。

11.单选题

Oncethevice-chancellorofauniversityis(

),hebeginshistermofoffice.

问题1选项

A.launched

B.commenced

C.inaugurated

D.initiated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。launch意为“发射”;commence意为“开始,着手”;inaugurate意为“为(某人)举行就职典礼,启动,开创”;initiate意为“开始,发起”。

句意:大学副校长就职典礼一旦举行,他就开始了任期。

12.问答题

Cancerdevelopswhencellsinapartofthebodybegintogrowoutcontrol.Althoughtherearemanykindsofcancer,theyallstartbecauseofout-of-controlgrowthofabnormalcells.

Normalbodycellsgrow,divide,anddieinanorderlyfashion.Duringtheearlyyearsofaperson’slife,normalcellsdividemorerapidlyuntilthepersonbecomesanadult.Afterthat,cellsinmostpartsofthebodydivideonlytoreplaceworn-outordyingcellsandtorepairinjuries.

Becausecancercellscontinuetogrowanddivide,theyaredifferentfromnormalcells.Insteadofdying,theyoutlivenormalcellsandcontinuetoformnewabnormalcells.Cancercellsoftentraveltootherpartsofthebodywheretheybegintogrowandreplacenormaltissue.Thisprocess,calledmetastasis,occursasthecancercellsgetintothebloodstreamorlymphvesselsofourbody.Whencellsfromacancerlikebreastcancerspreadtoanotherorganliketheliver,thecancerisstillcalledbreastcancer,notlivercancer.

CancercellsdevelopbecauseofdamagetoDNA.Thissubstanceisineverycellanddirectsallitsactivities.MostofthetimewhenDNAbecomesdamagedthebodyisabletorepairit.Incancercells,thedamagedDNAisnotrepaired.PeoplecaninheritdamagedDNA,whichaccountsforinheritedcancers.Manytimesthough,aperson’sDNAbecomesdamagedbyexposuretosomethingintheenvironment,likesmoking.

Cancerusuallyformsasatumor.Somecancers,likeleukemia,donotformtumors.Instead,thesecancercellsinvolvethebloodandblood-formingorgansandcirculatethroughothertissueswheretheygrow.Rememberthatnotalltumorsarecancerous.Benigntumorsdonotspreadtootherpartsofthebodyand,withveryrareexceptions,arenotlifethreatening.

Differenttypesofcancercanbehaveverydifferently.Forexample,lungcancerandbreastcancerareverydifferentdiseases.Theygrowatdifferentratesandrespondtodifferenttreatments.Thatiswhypeoplewithcancerneedtreatmentthatisaimedattheirparticularkindofcancer.

CanceristhesecondleadingcauseofdeathintheUnitedStates.Halfofallmenandone-thirdofallwomenintheUSwilldevelopcancerduringtheirlifetimes.Today,millionsofpeoplearelivingwithcancerorhavehadcancer.Theriskofdevelopingmosttypesofcancercanbereducedbychangesinaperson’slifestyle,forexample,byquittingsmokingandeatingabetterdiet.Thesooneracancerisfoundandtreatmentbegins,thebetterarechancesforlivingformanyyears.

1.Howarecancercellsdifferentfromnormalones?

2.Whydoescancercelldevelop?

3.Iscancerhereditary?Why?

4.Areallthetumorscancerous?Whyorwhynot?Giveyourreasons.

【答案】答:

1.Insteadofdying,cancercellsoutlivenormalcellsandcontinuetoformnewabnormalcells.

2.CancercellsdevelopbecauseofdamagetoDNA.

3.Yes,itisbecausepeoplecaninheritdamagedDNA,whichaccountsforinheritedcancers.

4.Notalltumorsarecancerousbecausetherearebenigntumors,whichdonotspreadtootherpartsofthebodyandusuallyarenotlifethreatening.

【解析】1.细节事实题。题干意思是“癌细胞与正常细胞有何不同?”。第三段前两句提到Becausecancercellscontinuetogrowanddivide,theyaredifferentfromnormalcells.Insteadofdying,theyoutlivenormalcellsandcontinuetoformnewabnormalcells.(因为癌细胞继续生长和分裂,所以它们不同于正常细胞;它们不是死亡,而是比正常细胞活得更久,并继续形成新的异常细胞),所以把这两句整合到一起,答案为Insteadofdying,cancercellsoutlivenormalcellsandcontinuetoformnewabnormalcells(癌细胞不会死亡,而是比正常细胞活得更久,并继续形成新的不正常细胞)。

2.细节事实题。题干意思是“癌细胞为什么会产生?”。第四段第一句就提到了CancercellsdevelopbecauseofdamagetoDNA.(癌细胞的产生是由于对DNA的破坏),因此答案为这一句。

3.细节事实题。题干意思是“癌症遗传吗?为什么?”。文章第四段提到Incancercells,thedamagedDNAisnotrepaired.PeoplecaninheritdamagedDNA,whichaccountsforinheritedcancers.(在癌细胞中,受损的DNA无法修复;人们可以遗传受损的DNA,这就是遗传性癌症的原因)可知,癌症会遗传,原因是癌细胞破坏的DNA,而受损的DNA可以遗传。

4.细节事实题。题干意思是“所有的肿瘤都是恶性的吗?为什么是或为什么不是?”。根据第五段最后两句Rememberthatnotalltumorsarecancerous.Benigntumorsdonotspreadtootherpartsofthebodyand,withveryrareexceptions,arenotlifethreatening.(记住,不是所有的肿瘤都是恶性的;良性肿瘤不会扩散到身体的其他部位,不会危及生命,除了极少数例外)可知,不是所有的肿瘤是恶性的。故答案为Notalltumorsarecancerousbecausetherearebenigntumors,whichdonotspreadtootherpartsofthebodyandusuallyarenotlifethreatening(不是所有的肿瘤都是恶性的,因为有良性肿瘤,它们不会扩散到身体的其他部位,通常不会危及生命)。

13.单选题

Thetutortellstheundergraduatethatonecanacquire()inaforeignlanguagethroughmorepractice.

问题1选项

A.proficiency

B.efficiency

C.efficacy

D.frequency

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项proficiency“精通,熟练”;B选项efficiency“效率,效能,功效”;C选项efficacy“功效,效力”;D选项frequency“频率,频繁”。句意:导师告诉本科生,通过多练习,可以_____一门外语。这里表达的意思是“熟练地掌握一门外语”,因此A选项符合题意。

14.单选题

Takingchargeofyourselfinvolvesputtingtorestsomeveryprevalentmisconceptions.(46)thetopofthelististhenotionthatintelligenceis(47)byyourabilitytosolvecomplexproblems,toread,writeandcomputeatcertainlevels,andtoresolveabstractequationsquickly.Thisvisionof(48)assertsformaleducationandbookishexcellenceasthetruemeasuresofselffulfillment.It(49)akindofintellectualprejudicethathasbroughtwithitsomediscouragingresults.Wehave(50)tobelievethatsomeonewhohasmoreeducationalmeritbadges,whoisverygoodatsomeformofschooldiscipline,is“intelligent”.(51)mentalhospitalsarefilledwithpatientswhohavealloftheproperlyletteredcertificates.Atruerindicatorofintelligenceisaneffective,happylifelivedeachdayaneachpresentmomentofeveryday.

Ifyouarehappy,ifyouliveeachmomentforeverythingit’sworth,thenyouareanintelligentperson.Problem(52)isausefulhelptoyourhappiness,butifyouknowthatgivenyourinabilitytoresolveaparticularconcernyoucanstillchoosehappinessforyourself,or(53)aminimumrefusetochooseunhappiness,(54)youareintelligent.Youareintelligentbecauseyouhavetheultimateweapon(55)thebigN.B.D.—NervousBreakDown.

“Intelligent”peopledonothaveN.B.D.’sbecausetheyarein(56)ofthemselves.Theyknowhowtochoosehappiness(57)depression,becausetheyknowhowtodealwiththeproblemsof(58)lives.

Youcanbegintothinkofyourself(59)trulyintelligentonthebasisof(60)youchoosetofeel(61)thefaceofdifficultcircumstances.Thelifestrugglesareprettymuchthesameforeachofus.Everyonewhoisinvolvedwithotherhumanbeingsinanysocialcontexthas(62)difficulties.Disagreements,conflictsandcompromisesareapartof(63)itmeanstobehuman.Similarly,money,growingold,sickness,deaths,naturaldisastersandaccidentsarealleventswhich(64)problemstovirtuallyallhumanbeings.Butsomepeopleareabletomake(65)toavoidimmobilizingdepressionandunhappinessdespitesuchoccurrences,whileothercollapseorhaveanN.B.D.Thosewhorecognizedproblemsasahumanconditionanddon’tmeasurehappinessbyanabsenceofproblemsarethemostintelligentkindofhumansweknow;alsothemostrare.

问题1选项

A.At

B.On

C.Under

D.Over

问题2选项

A.measured

B.meant

C.machined

D.molded

问题3选项

A.notion

B.disability

C.intelligence

D.misconception

问题4选项

A.experiences

B.encourages

C.encounters

D.exploits

问题5选项

A.come

B.gradually

C.been

D.being

问题6选项

A.Hence

B.Therefore

C.Thus

D.Yet

问题7选项

A.finding

B.tracking

C.solving

D.killing

问题8选项

A.for

B.with

C.to

D.at

问题9选项

A.then

B.but

C.since

D.as

问题10选项

A.opposite

B.against

C.toward

D.across

问题11选项

A.power

B.place

C.charge

D.danger

问题12选项

A.against

B.from

C.under

D.over

问题13选项

A.their

B.our

C.its

D.his

问题14选项

A.for

B.at

C.when

D.as

问题15选项

A.how

B.why

C.when

D.where

问题16选项

A.up

B.in

C.to

D.against

问题17选项

A.same

B.obvious

C.varying

D.similar

问题18选项

A.what

B.how

C.when

D.which

问题19选项

A.propose

B.present

C.prosecute

D.proceed

问题20选项

A.them

B.that

C.their

D.it

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:D

第7题:C

第8题:D

第9题:A

第10题:B

第11题:C

第12题:D

第13题:A

第14题:D

第15题:A

第16题:B

第17题:D

第18题:A

第19题:B

第20题:D

【解析】46.考查固定搭配。A选项At“在”;B选项On“在……上”;C选项Under“在……之下;Over“越过;在……之上”。句意:排在首列的是这样一种观念……。固定搭配Atthetopofthelist“在列表的顶部”。Onthetopof一般是用来说明在某物的上部。句中的主语不是一个具体的事物,可排除。Under与top词义相反,不可搭配使用。Overthetopof一般是指悬空在上方,可排除。因此A选项符合题意。

47.考查动词辨析。A选项measured“测量”;B选项meant“意味着”;C选项machined“机器加工”;D选项molded“用模子塑造”。句意:排在首位的是这样一种观念:智力是由你解决复杂问题的能力来……的。而且根据后面的介词by,可知空格内填入measured最为恰当。短语bemeasuredby“由……来衡量”。因此A选项符合题意。

48.考查名词辨析。A选项notion“概念;见解”;B选项disability“无能;无资格”;C选项intelligence“智力;才智”;D选项misconception“误解”。句意:这种……观认为正规教育和优秀的书卷气是衡量自我实现的真正标准。根据指示代词this指代上一句的thenotion,由thenotion后面的that引导的同位语从句内容可知谈论的是关于intelligence的看法。因此C选项符合题意。

49.考查动词辨析。A选项experiences“经历”;B选项encourages“鼓励;激励”;C选项encounters“遭遇”;D选项exploits“开发;剥削”。句意:它……了一种智力偏见,并带来了一些令人沮丧的结果。由后面说到的带来了一些令人沮丧的结果可知,一定是智力偏见加剧后从而得到的结果。encourage也有“助长”的意义,因此B选项符合题意。

50.考查固定搭配。A选项come“来”;B选项gradually“逐渐地”;C选项been“是;有”,be的过去分词;D选项being“是;有”,be的现在分词。句意:我们……相信。固定搭配havecometodo“已经开始”,因此A选项符合题意。

51.考查语义逻辑。A选项Hence“因此”;B选项Therefore“因此”;C选项Thus“因此”;D选项Yet“然而;但是”。前一句说的是我们开始相信,那些获得更多教育奖章、擅长某种形式的学校纪律的人是“聪明的”。空格后的内容是精神病院的病人都拥有所有正确的证书。两个句子存在一种转折,得了很多证书拿了奖项的人是聪明的,然而精神病院的病人也大多收获了很多证书。因此D选项符合题意。

52.考查动词辨析。A选项finding“发现”;B选项tracking“追踪;跟踪”;C选项solving“解决”;D选项killing“杀死”。句意:……问题对你的幸福是有帮助的。可以与problem“问题”搭配的是发现问题,或者是解决问题。根据后一句的关键词resolve“解决”可知,这里是在说解决问题对幸福是有帮助的。因此C选项符合题意。

53.考查固定搭配。A选项for“为了;对”;B选项with“和;具有”;C选项to“朝;位于”;D选项at“在;以”。句意:或者……拒绝选择不快乐。固定搭配ataminimum“至少”。因此D选项符合题意。

54.考查语义逻辑。A

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