考研考博-英语-云南师范大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-云南师范大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Whilestillcatching-uptomeninsomespheresofmodernlife,womenappeartobewayaheadinatleastoneundesirablecategory.“Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelopingdepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostresscomparedtomen,”accordingtoDr.Yehuda,chiefpsychiatristatNewYork’sVeteran’sAdministrationHospital.

Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.Inseveralofthestudies,whenstressed-outfemaleratshadtheirovaries（thefemalereproductiveorgans）removed,theirchemicalresponsesbecameequaltothoseofthemales.

Addingtoawoman’sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased“opportunities”forstress.“It’snotnecessarilythatwomendon’tcopeaswell.It’sjustthattheyhavesomuchmoretocopewith,”saysDr.Yehuda.“Theircapacityfortoleratingstressmayevenbegreaterthanmen’s,”sheobserves,“it’sjustthatthey’redealingwithsomanymorethingsthattheybecomewornoutfromitmorevisiblyandsooner.”

Dr.Yehudanotesanotherdifferencebetweenthesexes.“Ithinkthatthekindsofthingsthatwomenareexposedtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.Mengotowarandareexposedtocombatstress.Menareexposedtomoreactsofrandomphysicalviolence.Thekindsofinterpersonalviolencethatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilymembers,andtheytendnottobeone-shotdeals.Thewear-and-tearthatcomesfromtheselongerrelationshipscanbequitedevastating.”

AdelineAlvarezmarriedat18andgavebirthtoason,butwasdeterminedtofinishcollege.“Istruggledalottogetthecollegedegree.Iwaslivinginsomuchfrustrationthatthatwasmyescape,togotoschool,andgetaheadanddobetter.”Later,hermarriageendedandshebecameasinglemother.“It’sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,haveajob,paytherent,paythecarpayment,andpaythedebt.Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”

NoteveryoneexperiencesthekindsofseverechronicstressesAlvarezdescribes.Butmostwomentodayarecopingwithalotofobligations,withfewbreaks,andfeelingthestrain.Alvarez’sexperiencedemonstratestheimportanceoffindingwaystodiffusestressbeforeitthreatensyourhealthandyourabilitytofunction.

1.Paragraph2statesthat（）.

2.Dr.Yehuda’sstudyfoundthatwomen（）.

3.Onedifferencebetweenthesexesisthatthestresswomenconfronttendstobe（）.

4.Whatisthemeaningof“Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”（Line6,Para.5）?

5.Thebesttitleforthistextwouldbe（）.

问题1选项

A.womenarebiologicallymorevulnerabletostress

B.womenarestillsufferingmuchstresscausedbymen

C.womenaremoreexperiencedthanmenincopingwithstress

D.menandwomenshowdifferentinclinationswhenfacedwithstress

问题2选项

A.needextradosesofchemicalstohandlestress

B.havelimitedcapacityfortoleratingstress

C.aremorecapableofavoidingstress

D.areexposedtomorestress

问题3选项

A.domesticandtemporary

B.irregularandviolent

C.durableandfrequent

D.trivialandrandom

问题4选项

A.Alvarezcaredaboutnothingbutmakingmoney.

B.Alvarez’ssalarybarelycoveredherhouseholdexpenses.

C.Alvarezgotpaychecksfromdifferentjobs.

D.Alvarezpaidpracticallyeverythingbycheck.

问题5选项

A.StrainofStress:NoWayOut?

B.ResponsestoStress:GenderDifference

C.StressAnalysis:WhatChemicalsSay

D.GenderInequality:WomenUnderStress

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.推理判断题。由原文第二段第一句“Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.”可知，对动物和人类的研究表明，性激素会以某种方式影响应激反应，使处于压力下的女性比处于相同条件下的男性产生更多的触发化学物质。由此可知，A选项“从生理上来看，女性更容易受到压力的影响”表述正确。B选项表示“女性仍然承受着很多由男性引起的压力”，在原文内容中并未提及，故错误；C选项表示“在应对压力方面，女性比男性更有经验”，属于断章取义，并不能根据第二段得出相关信息；D选项表示“男人和女人在面对压力时表现出不同的倾向”，与原文段落中心思想偏离，故D项也错误。因此，本题正确答案为A选项。

2.推理判断题。题干询问：Dr.Yehuda研究发现女性……。由原文第三段第一句“Addingtoawoman’sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased‘opportunities’forstress.”可知，女性压力大的原因除了是因为激素增加导致压力大外，还因为增加了造成压力的“机会”。因此，D选项正确，A选项错误，并不是需要额外剂量的化学药品来应对压力。根据原文第三段第三句“Theircapacityfortoleratingstressmayevenbegreaterthanmen’s”可知，女性的抗压能力要比男性强，故B选项表述正确。C选项在原文中并未提及，因此本题正确答案为D选项。

3.细节事实题。由原文第四段“womenareexposedtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.Mengotowarandareexposedtocombatstress.Menareexposedtomoreactsofrandomphysicalviolence.”可知，女性面临的压力多来自家庭内部，更为琐碎重复；男性的压力多是战争或者具有偶然性的动态情况。因此C选项的内容更符合原文表述。故本题正确答案为C选项。A选项表示“家庭内部的”和“暂时性的”，B选项表示“不规律的”和“暴力的”，D选项表示“琐碎的和偶然的”。

4.细节事实题。题干询问：“我生活在不停的支票支付中”是什么意思？根据原文第五段“It’sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,haveajob,paytherent,paythecarpayment,andpaythedebt.”可知，Alvarez作为单身母亲，有很大的生活压力，她要照顾十几岁的孩子，还要工作，付房租，付汽车费用，还要还债务。由此可见，她的工资早已捉襟见肘，难以覆盖家庭开支。因此本题正确答案为B选项。A选项表示“Alvarez只关心赚钱”，C选项表示“Alvarez做多份工作获得薪水”，D选项表示“Alvarez几乎用支票支付所有的东西”。

5.主旨大意题。题干询问：“这篇文章最适合的题目是……”。本文通过讲述两性在生理以及实际生活中的差异，描述了女性在压力面前的表现，侧重分析了女性压力大的主要原因。A选项没有集中于体现男女之前的差异，因此A选项错误；B选项只是表明男女之间在压力方面存在差异，并未侧重表现女性要面对更多压力；C选项表示只是属于造成压力的其中一个因素，不能概括文章全部内容。因此本题正确答案为D选项。

2.单选题

Thejunglefrightenedthetravelersbecauseitseemed（）.

问题1选项

A.abismal

B.abbysmal

C.abyzmal

D.abysmal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A，B以及C选项不是正确的英文单词；D选项abysmal“深不可测的”。句意：这个丛林使旅行者惊恐万分，因为它似乎是深不可测的。根据句意，D选项正确。

3.单选题

Anothertrendofthe1990sinthecomputerindustryistowardmultimediaformats,asthemarketforconventionaltypesofcomputer-thosethathavecomputationanddataprocessingastheirmajorfunctions-hasbeguntobecomesaturated.Multimediacomputersaresystemsthatcanprocessgraphics,sound,video,andanimationinadditiontotraditionaldataprocessing.Videocassetterecorders,televisions,telephones,andaudiocassetteplayershaverecentlyundergoneachangeintechnologyfromanalogtodigitalformats.Televisionimages,forexample,canbeprocessedbycomputerprogramsoncetheyhavebeenconvertedtodigitalsignalswhilethoseinconventionalanalogsignalscannot.Inotherwords,digitalvideoimagescanbezoomedupordown,reshaped,orrearrangedbytheappropriatesoftware.Also,duetoadvancesinvideo-signalcompressiontechnology,thememoryspacerequiredforstoringavideoprogramhasbeengreatlyreduced.

Multimediahasimportantapplicationsforconsumerproductsandforbusinessneeds.Videoscenesthatarecapturedbycamcorderscanbecombinedwithtext,sound,anddataandcanbeontelevisionsetsinhomes,schools,oroffices.Thesemultimediapresentationsarebecomingusefuleducationalandcommunicationtools.Forexample,thereareavailable

Encyclopediasthatcontainvideoprogramsdepictinganimalbehaviors,geomorphicprocesses,andothernaturalphenomena.Automobilemechanicscanwatchvideosthatdemonstratehowtorepairnewmodels.Inbusinessapplications,documentscanbeannotatedwithvoiceorvideo.Newconsumerproductscanbemoreeffectivelymarketedbydemonstratinghowtheycanbeused,CD-ROMSofnumerousothersubjectshavebeenrecentlypublished;allofthemcanbeviewedonTVmonitorsusingmultimediacomputers.Thesemultimediacomputersystemscan,inturn,beincorporatedintocomputernetworksenhancingtheeffectivenessofcommunication.

Thismultitudeofnewproductsandcapabilitieshasbeenmadepossiblebythetremendousprogressofmicroprocessortechnology.Becauseoftheadvancesinthisarea,personalcomputershavebecomemorepowerful,smaller,andlessexpensive,whichhasenabledcomputernetworkstoproliferate.Manyofthetasksthatweretraditionallyperformedbymainframeshavebeentransferredtopersonalcomputersconnectedtocommunicationsnetworks.Althoughthemainframecontinuestobeproducedandservesausefulpurpose,ithasbeenusedmoreoftenasoneofmanydifferentcomputersandperipheraldevicesconnectedtocomputernetworks.Inthisnewrole,thefunctionofmainframesaspowerfulprocessorsofdatabasesystemsinbecomingimportant,and,asaresult,massivelyparallelcomputerswithhundredsorthousandsofmicroprocessorsarebeingproduced.Inadditiontobeingpowerful,themicroprocessorsusedforthispurposemustbeinexpensive,butlowcostscanbeachievedonlyiftheyaremass-produced.Throughouttheworld,morethan100,000,000personalcomputersand500,000workstationsareinusewhereasonlyseveralhundredsupercomputersareinoperation;thenumbersofmainframesandminicomputersfallsomewherebetweenthoseofsupercomputersandworkstations.Becauseofsuchhigh-volumeproduction,microprocessorsforpersonalcomputersorworkstationstendtobeinexpensiveandareavailableforuseinmassivelyparallelcomputersaswell.

1.Multimediacomputers（

）.

2.Theunderlinedword“annotated”inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymeans（

）

3.Accordingtothispassage

4.Whichofthefollowingisapropertitleforthispassage?

问题1选项

A.canprocessanythingbutdigitaldata

B.canevenprocesstelevisionimages

C.arerarelyusedineducation

D.hasfewbusinessapplications

问题2选项

A.explain

B.forwarded

C.prepared

D.presented

问题3选项

A.themarketformultimediacomputershasbecomesaturated

B.mostmainframeshavebeentransformedintopersonalcomputers

C.mostpersonalcomputershavebecomemuchmorepowerfulthanmainframes

D.thenowcostsofmicroprocessorshavebeenachievedthankstothehigh-volumeproduction

问题4选项

A.MultimediaComputers

B.MicroprocessorTechnology

C.ComputerNetworks

D.ChangingRoleofComputers

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.文章第一段televisionimages,forexample,canbeprocessedbycomputerprogramsoncetheyhavebeenconvertedtodigitalsignalswhilethoseinconventionalanalogsignalscannot提到电视画面能够通过计算机程序处理，所以选项B符合题意。

2.题干中的单词出现在句子Inbusinessapplications,documentscanbeannotatedwithvoiceorvideo中，意思是“在商务英语中，文件通常能用视频或者音频作为注释”。选项A“解释”符合题意。

3.文章最后一段Inadditiontobeingpowerful,themicroprocessorsusedforthispurposemustbeinexpensive,butlowcostscanbeachievedonlyiftheyaremass-produced提到大量生产降低了微处理器的成本，选项D与之相符，符合题意。

4.文章讲述的是多媒体电脑给计算机市场带来了各种各样的变化，以及这类电脑在消费类产品和商业需求中的应用，选项A符合题意。

4.单选题

Landbelongstothecity;thereis（）thingasprivateownershipofland.

问题1选项

A.nosucha

B.notsuch

C.notasuch

D.nosuch

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。thereisnosuchthingas…是习惯用法，意思为“没有…这样的事”。句意：土地归城市所有，没有土地私有这回事。因此，本题的正确选项是D选项。

5.单选题

Crimeaisacenterofpro-Russiansentiment,whichcan（）separatism.Theregion---apeninsulaonUkraine’sBlackSeacoast---has2.3millioninhabitants,mostofwhomidentifythemselvesasethnicRussiansandspeakRussian.

问题1选项

A.spillover

B.spilloutof

C.spilldowntowards

D.spillinto

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。spillover“外溢”；spilloutof“溅出”；spilldowntowards“溢出”；spillinto“涌进”。句意：克里米亚是亲俄情绪的中心，这种情绪能够涌进各种分裂主义。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

Peoplefromdifferentcultureshavedifferent（）oftheworld.

问题1选项

A.impressions

B.foundations

C.complications

D.conceptions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项impressions“印象，效果”；B选项foundations“基础，地基”；C选项complications“并发症，复杂”；D选项conceptions“概念，设想”。句意：来自不同文化的人对世界有不同的（）。本句表示“不同的人对世界有不同的印象”。因此A选项符合题意。

7.单选题

Informationistheprimarycommodityinmoreandmoreindustriestoday.

By2005,83%ofAmericanmanagementpersonnelwillbeknowledgeworkers.EuropeandJapanarenotfarbehind.

By2005,halfofallknowledgeworkers(22%ofthelaborforce)willchoose“flextime,flexplace”arrangements,whichallowthemtoworkhome,communicatingwiththeofficeviacomputernetworks.

IntheUnitedStates,theso-called“digitaldivide''seemstobedisappearing.Inearly2000,apollfound,that,wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumbersweregrowingrapidly.Hispanichouseholdscontinuedtodagbehind,buttheirrateofcomputerownershipwasexpandingaswell.

Company-ownedandindustry-widetelevisionnetworksarebringingprogrammingtothousandsoflocations.BusinessTVisbecomingbigbusiness.

Computercompetencewillapproach100%inUSurbanareasbytheyear2005,withEuropeandJapannotfarbehind.

80%ofUShomeswillhavecomputersin2005,comparedwithroughly50%now.IntheUnitedStates,5ofthe10fastest-growingcareersbetweennowand2005willbecomputerrelated.Demandforprogrammersandsystemsanalystswillgrowby70%.ThesametrendisacceleratinginEurope,Japan,andIndia.

By2005,nearlyallcollegetextsandmanyhighschoolandjuniorhighbookswillbetiedtoInternetsitesthatprovidesourcematerial,studyexercises,andrelevantnewsarticlestoaidinlearning.OtherswillcomewithCD-ROMsthatoffersimilarresources.

Internetlinkswillprovideaccesstothecardcataloguesofallthemajorlibrariesintheworldby2005.ItwillbepossibletocalluponaPCscreenmillionsofvolumesfromdistantlibraries.Websitesenhancebooksbyprovidingpictures,sound,filmclips,andflexibleindexingandsearchutilities.

Implications:AnyonewithaccesstotheInternetwillbeabletoachievetheeducationneededtobuildaproductivelifeinanincreasinglyhigh-techworld.ComputerlearningmayevenreducethegrowingAmericanprisonpopulation.

Knowledgeworkersaregenerallybetterpaidthanless-skilledworkers.Theirwealthisraisingoverallprosperity.

Evenentry-levelworkersandthoseinformerlyunskilledpositionsrequireagrowinglevelofeducation.Foragoodcareerinalmostanyfield,computercompetenceisamust.Thisisonemajortrendraisingthelevelofeducationrequiredforaproductiveroleintoday’sworkforce.Formanyworkers,theopportunityfortrainingisbecomingoneofthemostdesirablebenefitsanyjobcanoffer.

1.InformationtechnologyisexpectedtohaveimpactonallthefollowingEXCEPT_____.

2.“digitaldivide”inthe4thparagraphrefersto______.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

4.WhichofthefollowingareasisNOTdiscussedinthepassage?

5.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorseemstoemphasize_______inanincreasinglyhigh-techworld.

问题1选项

A.Americanmanagementpersonnel

B.Europeanmanagementpersonnel

C.Americanpeople’schoiceofcareer

D.traditionalpracticeatwork

问题2选项

A.thegapintermsofcomputerownership

B.thetendencyofcomputerownership

C.thedividinglinebasedondigits

D.theethnicdistinctionamongAmericanhouseholds

问题3选项

A.By2005allcollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillturnelectronic.

B.By2005printedcollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillbesupplementedwithelectronicmaterial.

C.By2005somecollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillbeaccompaniedbyCD-ROMs.

D.By2005Internetlinksmakeworldwidelibrarysearchapossibility.

问题4选项

A.Futurecareers.

B.Natureoffuturework.

C.Ethnicdifferences.

D.Schoolsandlibraries.

问题5选项

A.thevarietyofeducation

B.thecontentofeducation

C.theneedforeducation

D.thefunctionofeducation

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第二段中的By2005,83%ofAmericanmanagementpersonnelwillbeknowledgeworkers.EuropeandJapanarenotfarbehind.（到2005年，美国83%的管理人员将成为知识型员工。欧洲和日本紧跟其后）与A、B选项对应；第七段中的IntheUnitedStates,5ofthe10fastest-growingcareersbetweennowand2005willbecomputerrelated.（在美国，从现在到2005年10个发展最快的职业中，有5个是与计算机相关的）与C选项对应。通过排除法排除A、B、C选项，因此选D。

2.细节事实题。由文章第四段中的wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumbersweregrowingrapidly（一半的白人家庭拥有电脑，43%的非裔美国家庭拥有电脑，而且他们的数量正在迅速增长）可知“digitaldivide”指的是拥有电脑方面的差距，因此选A。

3.推理判断题。由文章第八段中的By2005,nearlyallcollegetextsandmanyhighschoolandjuniorhighbookswillbetiedtoInternetsitesthatprovidesourcematerial,studyexercises,andrelevantnewsarticlestoaidinlearning.（到2005年，几乎所有的大学课本和许多高中和初中书籍都将与互联网网站联系在一起，这些网站提供资源、练习和相关的新闻文章，以帮助学习）可知互联网知识作为辅助一种辅助工具，因此A选项表述不正确。

4.细节事实题。文章第七段中的IntheUnitedStates,5ofthe10fastest-growingcareersbetweennowand2005willbecomputerrelated.（在美国，从现在到2005年10个发展最快的职业中，有5个是与计算机相关的）与A选项对应。第四段中的wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumbersweregrowingrapidly（一半的白人家庭拥有电脑，43%的非裔美国家庭拥有电脑，而且他们的数量正在迅速增长）与C选项对应；倒数第四段中的Internetlinkswillprovideaccesstothecardcataloguesofallthemajorlibrariesintheworldby2005.（到2005年，互联网链接将提供世界上所有主要图书馆的卡片目录）与D选项对应。通过排除法排除A、C、D选项，因此选B。

5.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的Evenentry-levelworkersandthoseinformerlyunskilledpositionsrequireagrowinglevelofeducation.（即使是初级工人和以前非技术性职位的工人也需要越来越高的教育水平）可知选C。

8.写作题

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsonPrivateSchoolsinChina.Theessayshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow:

1.Theiradvantages;

2.Theirdisadvantages;

3.Yourcomments.

【答案】PrivateSchoolsinChina

Itisknowntoallthatmoreandmoreprivateschoolshavebeensetupinourcountrysince1990s.Toacertaindegree,thoseschoolsareabletomakeupfortheshortageofschoolsinChina.Withtheadventofmoreandmoreprivateschools,alotofpeopleshowtheirinterestinthem.Asaresult,manystudentshavebeenenrolledintheseschools.

Privateschoolshavemanyadvantages.Firstofall,theyrelievethefinancialburdenofthegovernment.Althoughthegovernmenthaskeptprovidingmoneyforestablishingpubicschools,itcannotsatisfytheincreasingdemandofpubliceducation.Besides,theseschoolsusuallyprovideabetterlearningenvironmentforstudentsconsistingofbetterfacilitiesandbetterteachingequipment.Furthermore,thesalaryofteachersinprivateschoolsisnormallyhigherthanthatinpublicschools.Therefore,theycanattractqualifiedteachers.

AsfarasIamconcerned,Iwon’tsendmychildtoaprivateschool.Foronething,theteachingqualityinprivateschoolsinChinaisgenerallynotasgoodasthatinpublicschools.Foranother,thetuitionfeeinaprivateschoolisnormallyhigherthanthatinapublicschool.Lastbutnotleast,studentswhograduatefromprivateschoolsareusuallydiscriminatedagainstwhileseekingtheirjobs.

9.单选题

Imagineadiseasespreadingacrosstheglobe,killingmostlymiddle-agedpeopleorleavingthemchronicallydisabled.Thenonedayresearcherscomeupwithadrugthatcanpreventsomeofthedisease’snastiereffects.Youwouldthinktheworld’sageingpublicwouldbeeternallygrateful.

Thediseasedoesexist.Itiscalledtobaccoaddiction.Thedrugtooisrealandinanimaltestshaspreventedlungdamagethatleadstoemphysema.Buttheinventorshavereceivednobouquets.Prevailingmedicalopinionseemstobethatthedrugisameresideshow,distractingsmokersfromthetaskofquitting.Anotherexperimentaldrug,whichcouldprotectsmokersagainstcancer,isalsoviewedwithsuspicionbecauseitcouldgivesmokersanexcusenottoquit.

Onthefaceofittheseresponsesmakesense.Itisingrainedinsocietythatsmokershaveonlythemselvestoblameandtheirsalvationliesinasimpleactofwill.Iftheywillnotquitsmoking,theycannotexpecthelpfromanyoneelse.

Butthislogicisflawed.Checkasurveyofsmokersandyoufindtwo-thirdswanttogiveupandone-thirdwillhavetriedinthepreviousyear.Yet,evenwithnicotinegum,patchesanddrugstoeasetheordeal,thequitrateisstillunder10percent.IntheUK,theproportionofpeoplewhosmokehasnotfalleninadecade.Tobaccohasapowerfulgrip,andmanysmokerarecaughtinatraptheycannotescape:theyhaveadiseaselikeanyotheranddeservethechancetoreducetheharmitdoestothem.

Thisreasoningishardformanytoswallow.Itcertainlyleavesgovernmentsandanti-smokinggroupsinabind.Theyarehappytopaylipservicetomethodsforreducingharm—ofwhichthreeareagrowingnumber—buttheyareslowtocreatepoliciesbaseduponthem.EuropeanUnioncountries,forexample,tookyearstoevenconsiderregulatingthedangerousadditivesincigarettes.

Onefearisthatmethodsforreducingharmwilldilutethemessagethattobaccokills—especiallywhengiventoyoungsters.Butthatmessagewon’tchange,inthepresentcase,evenifbothdrugsturnouttoworkinhumantrials,theywouldnotprotectagainstallthedeadlysideeffectsofsmoking.Andthedrugsdonothavetobefreetoall.Theycouldbeavailableonlyonprescriptionforpeoplewhodoctorsbelievegenuinelycannotgiveup.

Therearethingsthatnodrugaimedatharmreductionwilleverbeabletodo.Itwillnotcutpassivesmokingorstoptobaccocompaniespersuadingmillionsofteenagerstolightup.Forthesereasonsallotherwaystocountersmokingmustcontinue,frombanningtobaccoadvertisingtoraisingtobaccotaxes.Butitwouldbeamistaketoignoretheharmreductionmeasures.Forthosewhoarenotconvinced,forgetsmokersforamoment.Preventivedrugscouldalsohelpnon-smokers,especiallythoseworkinglonghoursas,say,musiciansandbarstaffinsmokyrooms.Shouldwedenythemtoo?

1.Thestatement“Buttheinventorshavereceivednobouquets”impliesthat______.

2.Theauthorarguesthat______.

3.Theauthoristryingtoemphasizethatthedrugs______.

4.Thedrugs,accordingtotheauthor,areexpected______.

5.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthepassagethat______.

问题1选项

A.thedrugshavereceivedsuspicion

B.theinventorsjustpresentedasideshow

C.itwilltaketimeforthepublictoacceptthenewdrug

D.theeffectsofthedrugneedfurthertestonhumantrials

问题2选项

A.nosmokerisexpectedtosucceedinquitting

B.smokersdeservetheharmsmokingdoestothem

C.smokerswithresolutiontostopsmokingneedhelp

D.smokerscouldsucceedwithstrongresolutiontogiveup

问题3选项

A.aremainlyaimedatyoungsters

B.shouldbeavailabletosmokersfreeofcharge

C.willnotchangethemessagethattobaccokills

D.helpregulatethedangerousadditivesincigarettes

问题4选项

A.toperformpreventivefunctionsinnon-smokers

B.toreducethenumberofpassivesmokers

C.toenforcethecombatagainstsmoking

D.alloftheabove

问题5选项

A.withinnovativedrugssmokerscanstillenjoypersonalgratificationsandstayhealthy

B.ifadrugcansavelives,weshouldn’twithholditwithoutgoodreason

C.thebattleagainstsmokingisfarfromwon

D.therewillbeasafewaytosmoke

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.语义推测题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Buttheinventorshavereceivednobouquets.Prevailingmedicalopinionseemstobethatthedrugisameresideshow,distractingsmokersfromthetaskofquitting.Anotherexperimentaldrug,whichcouldprotectsmokersagainstcancer,isalsoviewedwithsuspicionbecauseitcouldgivesmokersanexcusenottoquit.（但是这些发明家没有收到任何花束。流行的医学观点似乎是，药物只是次要的，它分散了吸烟者的任务，戒烟。另一种可以保护吸烟者不患癌症的实验性药物也受到怀疑，因为它可以给吸烟者一个不戒烟的借口。）”，由此可知这些发明家发明的药物受到人们的怀疑，所以A选项“这些药物已经受到怀疑”符合题意。B选项“发明家只是表演了一个小插曲”；C选项“公众接受这种新药需要一段时间”；D选项“药物的效果需要进一步的人体试验”都与题干无关。因此A选项正确。

2.观点态度题。根据第四段“Yet,evenwithnicotinegum,patchesanddrugstoeasetheordeal,thequitrateisstillunder10percent.（然而，即使使用尼古丁口香糖、贴片和药物来缓解这种折磨，戒烟率仍然低于10%。）”可知A选项“预计没有烟民会成功戒烟”错误；根据第四段最后一句“theyhaveadiseaselikeanyotheranddeservethechancetoreducetheharmitdoestothem.（他们和其他任何疾病一样，有机会减少烟草对他们的危害。）”可知B选项“吸烟者应该受到吸烟所造成的伤害”说法错误；根据第四段“Checkasurveyofsmokersandyoufindtwo-thirdswanttogiveupandone-thirdwillhavetriedinthepreviousyear.（对吸烟者进行调查，你会发现三分之二的人想要戒烟，三分之一的人在前一年已经尝试过了）”以及“theyhaveadiseaselikeanyotheranddeservethechancetoreducetheharmitdoestothem.（他们和其他任何疾病一样，有机会减少烟草对他们的危害。）”可知C选项“决心戒烟的人需要帮助”正确；D选项“吸烟者可以通过坚定的决心戒烟成功”文章没有提到。因此C选项正确。

3.作者意图题。根据题干可定位到文章第六段“Onefearisthatmethodsforreducingharmwilldilutethemessagethattobaccokills—especiallywhengiventoyoungsters.B