2016年专业英语四级考试真题【含答案】

2016年专业英语四级真题试卷TIMELIMIT:130MINPARTI

DICTATION

[10MIN]Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven2minutestocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.PleasewritethewholepassageonANSWERSHEETONE.PARTII

LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION

[20MIN]SECTIONA

TALKInthissectionyouwillhearatalk.Youwillhear

thetalk

ONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatthetaskontheANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesurewhatyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.Now,listentothetalk.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTWOminutestocheckyourwork.SECTIONB

CONVERSATIONSInthissection,youwillheartwoconversations.Attheendoftheconversion,fivequestions

willbe

askedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,youshouldreadthefourchoicesofA,B,CandD,andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthequestions.Now,listentotheconversations.ConversationOneQuestions1to5arebasedonConversationOne.1.

A.

Totellthemanthathehasbeenshortlistedforinterview.B.

Toaskthemanafewquestionsabouthisinterview.C.Totellthemantheprocedure

oftheinterview.D.

Toexplaintothemanhowtomakeapresentation.2.

A.

Questionsrelatedtothejob.B.

Generalquestionsabouthimself.C.

SpecificquestionsabouthisCV.D.

Questionsabouthisfutureplan.3.

A.

Questionsfromtheinterviewers.B.

Questionsfromtheinterviewee.C.

Presentationfromtheinterviewee.D.

Requestsfromtheinterviewee.4.

A.

Educationalandprofessionalbackground.B.

Problemshehasfacedandsolved.C.

Majorsuccessesinhiscareersofar.D.

Companyfutureandhiscontribution.5.

A.

a.m.a.m.,nextTuesday.B.

a.m.a.m.,nextThursday.C.

9a.m.,thisTuesday.D.

9a.m.,thisThursday.ConversationTwoQuestions6to10arebasedonConversationTwo.6.

A.

Howcollegestudentspayfortheireducation.B.

Howtohandletheproblemofcollegeloans.C.

Thedisadvantageofcollegeloans.D.

Governmentfinancingincollegeeducation.7.

A.

Ithasincreasedby6to8%.B.

Ithasincreasedby8to10%.C.

Ithasdecreasedby6to8%.D.

Ithasdecreasedby8to10%.8.

A.

Student’sfamilyincome.B.

Firstyearsalaryaftergraduation.C.

Afixedamountof30,000dollars.D.

Paymentinthenexttenyears.9.

A.

Studentscanborrowmoneyfirst.B.

Studentspaynotaxonsavings.C.

Studentspaylesstaxaftergraduation.D.

Studentswithdrawwithoutpayingtax.10.

A.

Givingupcharitableorvolunteerwork.B.

Neglectingtheirstudyatcollege.C.

Givingupfurthereducation.D.

Neglectinghighsalaryinjob-seeking.PARTIII

LANGUAGEUSAGE

[10MIN]Therearetwentysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.Markyouranswers

onAnswerSheetTwo.11.

HowcanIconcentrateifyou

__________

continually

__________

mewithsillyquestions?A.have…

interrupted

B.

had…

interrupted

C.

are…

interrupting

D.

were…

interrupting12.

Amongthefoursentencesbelow,Sentence

__________

expressthehighestdegreeofpossibility.A.Itmaytakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

B.Itmighttakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

C.Itcouldtakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

D.Itshouldtakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.13.

Sheisabetterspeakerthan

__________

intheclass.A.

allthegirlsB.

theotherboysC.

otheranygirlD.

anyboy14.

Nobodyheardhimsing,

__________?A.

didtheyB.

didheC.

didn’ttheyD.

didone15.

Ican’tputupwith

__________.A.that

friendofyou

B.that

friendofyours

C.

thefriendofyou

D.thefriendofyours16.

Therehasbeenanincreasingnumberof

__________

inprimaryschoolsinpastfewyears.A.

manteacherB.

menteacherC.

manteachersD.

menteachers17.

Thisisoneoftheissuesthatdeserve

__________.A.

mentioningB.

beingmentionedC.tomentionD.

formention18.

Theaudience

__________

excitedon

seeing__________

favoritestarglideontothestage.A.

were…

itsB.

were…

theirC.

was…

theirD.

was…

one’s19.

__________

youradvice,Iwouldhavemadethewrongdecision.A.

Hadn’titbeenforB.

HaditnotbeenforC.

HaditbeenforD.

Hadnotitbeenfor20.

Thesentence

IwishIhadbeenmorecarefulinspendingmoney

expressthespeaker’s

__________.A.

hope

B.

joyC.

regretD.

relief21.

TheAttorneyGeneralorderedafederalautopsyofBrown’sbody,seekingto

__________

thefamilyandcommunitytherewouldbeathoroughinvestigationintohisdeath.A.

ensureB.

assureC.

insureD.

ascertain22.

Thepolicedepartmentcameunderstrongcriticismforboththedeathofanunarmedanditshandlingofthe

__________.A.

consequenceB.

outcomeC.

resultD.

aftermath23.

TheForeignSecretarytriedto

__________

doubtsabouthishandlingofthecrisis.A.

dispelB.

expelC.

repelD.

quell24.

Mutualfundsarethusbestforinvestorswhodon’twanttotakethetimetostudystocksindetailorwho

__________

theresourcestobuildaportfolio.A.

depriveB.

lackC.

yearnD.

attain25.

Chrisran

__________

Johnatasporting-goodstradeshowandthetwoquicklystruck

__________

aneasyrapport.A.

into…up

B.

on…into

C.

across…on

D.

against…into26.

“I’mleavingthecountrysoon,”

hetolda

__________

convenedgroupofreporters.A.

especially

B.

particularly

C.

specially

D.

specifically27.

IsraelandHamashadreachedadealonextendingthe

__________

ceasefirebyanextra24hoursuntilTuesdayatmidnight.A.

contemporary

B.

makeshift

C.

spontaneous

D.

temporary28.

__________

tounpluggingthealarmclockandtrustingyourabilitytowakeontimeonyourown,youshouldprobablyeaseyourselfintothenewarrangementbykeepingaveryregularscheduleforseveralweeks.A.

Due

B.

PriorC.

Related

D.

Thanks29.

Ifyouareanathlete,strongabdominalmuscleshelpyouensureastrongbackandfreedomfrominjuryduring

__________upper-bodymovement.A.

valiant

B.

variable

C.

vigorous

D.

vigilant30.

Finningisacruel

__________

inwhichtheshark’sfinsareloppedoff,andthelivesharkisthrownbacktosea.A.

reality

B.

truth

C.

skill

D.

practicePARTIV

CLOZE

[10MIN]Decidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblank.ThewordscanbeusedONCEONLY.MarktheletterforeachwordonANSWERSHEETTWO.Imagineaworldwithoutwriting.Obviouslytherewouldbenobooks:nonovels,noencyclopedias,nocookbooks,notextbooks,notelephonebooks,noscriptures,nodiaries,notravelguides.Therewouldbenoball-points,notypeswriters,nocomputers,noInternet,nomagazines,nomoviecredits,noshoppinglists,nonewpers,notaxreturns.But

such__________

(31)ofsubjectsalmostmissthepoint.Theworldweliveinhasbeenindeliblymarkedbythewrittenword,

__________

(32)bythetechnologyofwritingoverthousandsofyears.Ancientkingsproclaimedtheirauthorityand

__________

(33)theirlawsinwriting.Scribesadministeredgreatempiresbywriting,theirknowledgeofrecordingandretrievinginformationessentialtogoverningcomplexsocieties.Religioustraditionswerepassedonthrough

__________

(34),andspreadtoothers,inwriting.Scientificandtechnologicalprogresswasachievedand

__________

(35)throughwriting.Accountsintradeandcommercecouldbekeptbecauseofwriting.Nearlyeverystepofcivilizationhasbeenmediatedthroughwriting.Aworldwithoutwritingwouldbear

__________

(36)resemblancetotheonewenowlivein.Writingisa

__________

(37)necessitytothesocietiesanthropologistscallcivilizations.Acivilizationisdistinguishedfromothersocietiesbythecomplexityofitssocialorganization,byitsconstructionofcitiesandlargepublicbuildings,andbytheeconomicspecializationofitsmembers,manyofwhomarenot

__________

(38)involvedinfoodprocurementorproduction.Acivilization,withitstaxationandtributesystems,itstrade,anditspublicworks,requiresa

__________

(39)systemofrecordkeeping.AndsotheearlycivilizationsofEgypt,China,and(probably)Indiaalldevelopedasystemofwriting.OnlythePeruviancivilizationoftheIncasandtheirpredecessorsdidnotusewritingbut

__________

(40)inventedasystemofkeepingrecordsonknottedcolor-codedstringsknownas

quipu.

PARTV

READINGCOMPREHENSION

[35MIN]SECTIONAMUTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONSInthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbytenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarked

A,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.Markyouranswers

onANSWERSHEETTWO.PASSAGEONE(1)

WhenIwastwenty-sevenyearsold,Iwasamining-broker’sclerkinSanFrancisco,andanexpertinallthedetailsofstocktraffic,Iwasaloneintheworld,andhadnothingtodependuponbutmywitsandacleanreputation;buttheseweresettingmyfeetintheroadtoeventualfortune,andIwascontentwiththeprospect.Mytimewasmyownaftertheafternoonboard,Saturdays,andIwasaccustomedtoputtingitinonalittlesail-boatonthebay.OnedayIventuredtoofar,andwascarriedouttosea.Justat

nightfall,whenhopewasaboutgone,IwaspickedupbyasmallshipwhichwasboundforLondon.Itwasalongandstormyvoyage,andtheymademeworkmypassagewithoutpay,asacommonsailor.WhenIsteppedashoreinLondonmyclotheswereraggedandshabby,andIhadonlyadollarinmypocket.Thismoneyfedandshelteredmetwenty-fourhours.Duringthenexttwenty-fourIwentwithoutfoodandshelter.(2)

Aboutteno’clockonthefollowingmorning,dirtyandhungry,IwasdraggingmyselfalongPortlandPlace,whenachildthatwaspassing,towedbyanurse-maid,tossedabigpear——minusonebite——intothegutter.Istopped,ofcourse,andfastenedmydesiringeyeonthatmuddytreasure.Mymouthwateredforit,mystomachcravedit,mywholebeingbeggedforit.ButeverytimeImadeamovetogetitsomepassingeyedetectedmypurpose,andofcourseIstraightenedupthen,andlookedindifferentandpretendedthatIhadn’tbeenthinkingaboutthepearatall.Thissamethingkepthappeningandhappening,andIcouldn’tgetthepear.(3)

Iwasjustgettingdesperateenoughtobravealltheshame,andtoseizeit,whenawindowbehindmewasraised,andagentlemanspokeoutofit,saying:

“

Stepinhere,please.”(4)

Iwasadmittedbyamanservant,andshownintoasumptuousroomwhereacoupleofelderlygentlemenweresitting.Theysentawaytheservant,andmademesitdown.Theyhadjustfinishedtheirbreakfast,andthesightoftheremainsofitalmostoverpoweredme.Icouldhardlykeepmywitstogetherinthepresenceofthatfood,butasIwasnotaskedtosampleit,IhadtobearmytroubleasbestasIcould.(5)

Now,somethinghadbeenhappeningtherealittlebefore,whichIdidnotknowanythingaboutuntilagoodmanydaysafterwards,butIwilltellyouaboutitnow.Thosetwooldbrothershadbeenhavingaprettyhotargumentacoupleofdaysbefore,andhadendedbyagreeingtodecideitbyabet,whichistheEnglishwayofsettlingeverything.(6)

YouwillrememberthattheBankofEnglandonceissuedtwonotesofamillionpoundseach,tobeusedforaspecialpurposeconnectedwithsomepublictransactionwithaforeigncountry.Forsomereasonorotheronlyoneofthesehadbeenusedandcanceled;theotherstilllayinthevaultsoftheBank.Well,thebrothers,chattingalong,happenedtogettowonderingwhatmightbethefateofaperfectlyhonestandintelligentstrangerwhoshouldbeturnedadriftinLondonwithoutafriend,andwithnomoneybutthatmillion-poundbank-note,andnowaytoaccountforhisbeinginpossessionofit.BrotherAsaidhewouldstarvetodeath;BrotherBsaidhewouldn’t.BrotherAsaidhecouldn’tofferitatabankoranywhereelse,becausehewouldbearrestedonthespot.SotheywentondisputingtillBrotherBsaidhewouldbettwentythousandpoundsthatthemanwouldlivethirtydays,anyway,onthatmillion,andkeepoutofjail,too.BrotherAtookhimup.BrotherBwentdowntotheBankandboughtthatnote.Thenhedictatedaletter,whichoneofhisclerkswroteoutinabeautifulroundhand,andthenthetwobrotherssatatthewindowawholedaywatchingfortherightmantogiveitto.(7)

Ifinallybecamethepickofit.41.

InPara.1,thephrase

“setmyfeet”

probablymeans

__________.A.

putmeasideB.

startmyjourneyC.

preparemeD.

letmewalk42.

ItcanbeconcludedfromPara.2that

__________.A.

themanwantedtomaintaindignitythoughstarvedB.

themancouldnotgetaproperchancetoeatthepearC.

ThemandidnotreallywantthepearsinceitwasdirtyD.

itwasverydifficultforthemantogetthepear43.

ComparedwithBrotherA,BrotherBwasmore

__________

towardstheeffectofthe

one-million-poundbank-noteonatotalstrange.A.

neutralB.

negativeC.

reservedD.

positivePASSAGETWO(1)

Theconceptofpeaceisaveryimportantoneinculturesallovertheworld.Thinkabouthowwegreetpeople.Insomelanguage,thephrasesforgreetingscontainthewordforpeace.Insomecultureswegreetpeoplebyshakinghandsorwithanothergesturetoshowthatwearenotcarryingweapons---thatwecomeinpeace.Andtherearecertainsymbolswhichpeopleinverydifferentculturesrecognizeasrepresentingpeace.Let’slookatafewofthem.Thedove(2)

Thedovehasbeenasymbolofpeaceandinnocenceforthousandsofyearsinmanydifferentcultures.InancientGreekmythologyitwasasymbolofloveandtherenewaloflife.InancientJapanadovecarryingaswordsymbolizedtheendofwar.(3)

TherewasatraditioninEuropethatifdoveflewaroundahousewheresomeonewasdyingthentheirsoulwouldbeatpeace.Andtherearelegendswhichsaythatdevilcanturnhimselfintoanybirdexceptforadove.InChristianart,thedovewasusedtosymbolizedtheHolyGhostandwasoftenpaintedaboveChrist’shead.(4)

ButitwasPabloPicassowhomadethedoveamodernsymbolofpeacewhenheuseditonaposterfortheWorldPeaceCongressin1949.Therainbow(5)

Therainbowisanotherancientanduniversalsymbol,oftenrepresentingtheconnectionbetweenhumanbeingsandtheirgods.InGreekmythologyitwasassociatedwithIris,thegoddesswhobroughtmessagesfromthegodsonMountOlympus.InScandinavianmythologytherainbowwasabridgebetweenthegodsandtheearth.IntheBiblearainbowshowedNoahthattheBiblicalfloodwasfinallyover,andthatGodhadforgivenhispeople.IntheChinesetradition,therainbowisacommonsymbolformarriagebecausethecoloursrepresenttheunionofyinandyang.Nowadaystherainbowisusedbymanypopularmovementsforpeaceandtheenvironment,representingthepossibilityofabetterworldinthefutureandpromisingsunshineafterrain.Mistletoe(6)

Thisplantwassacredinmanycultures,generallyrepresentingpeaceandlove.MostpeopleknowofthetraditionofkissingunderthemistletoeatChristmastime,whichprobablycomesfromScandinavianmythology.ThegoddessFreya’ssonwaskilledbyanarrowmadeofmistletoe,so,inhonourofhim,shedeclaredthatitwouldalwaysbeasymbolofpeace.Itwasoftenhungindoorwaysasasignoffriendship.(7)

TheancientDruidsbelievedthathangingmistletoeinyourdoorwaycouldprotectyoufromevilspirits.Tribeswouldstopfightingforaperiodoftimeiftheyfoundatreewithmistletoe.ButyouwillneverseemistletoeinaChristianchurch-itisbannedbecauseofitsassociationswithpaganreligionandsuperstition.Theolivebranch(8)

Theolivetreehasalwaysbeenavaluablesourceoffoodandoil.InGreekmythology,thegoddessAthenagavetheolivetreetothepeopleofAthens,whoshowedtheirgratitudebynamingthecityafterher.Butnooneknowsforsurewhenorwhyitbegantosymbolizepeace.ThereisprobablyaconnectionwithancientGreece.WarsbetweenstatesweresuspendedduringtheOlympicsGames,andthewinnersweregivencrownsofolivebranches.Thesymbolismmaycomefromthefactthattheolivetreetakesalongtimetoproducefruit,soolivescouldonlybecultivatedsuccessfullyinlongperiodsofpeace.Whateverthehistory,theolivebranchisapartofmanymodernflagssymbolizingpeaceandunity.Onewell-knownexampleistheUnitedNationssymbol.Theankh(9)

Theankhisanancientsymbolwhichwasadoptedbythehippiemovementinthe1960storepresentpeaceandlove.ItwasfoundinmanyAsiancultures,butisgenerallyassociatedwithancientEgypt.Itrepresentedlifeandimmortality.Egyptianswereburiedwithanankh,sothattheycouldcontinuetoliveinthe“afterworld”.ThesymbolwasalsofoundalongthesidesoftheNile,whichgavelifetothepeople.Theybelievedthattheankhcouldcontroltheflowoftheriverandmakesurethattherewasalwaysenoughwater.44.

Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ConceptofPeace.B.OriginofPeaceSymbols.C.PopularPeaceSymbols.D.CulturalDifferenceofPeace.45.

TherainbowrepresentstheconnectionbetweenhumanbeingsandtheirgodsinallthefollowingcountriesEXCEPT

__________.A.SwedenB.GreeceC.FinlandD.China46.

InNorthEuropemistletoewasoftenhungindoorwaystoindicate

__________.A.friendshipB.loveC.kinshipD.honour47.

Theoriginoftheankhcandatebackto

__________.A.theNileB.the

“afterword”C.thehippiemovementD.ancientEgypt

PASSAGETHREE

(1)

Twosidesalmostneverchange:Thatyoucanmanipulatepeopleintoself-sufficiencyandthatyoucanpunishthemintogoodcitizenship.(2)

Thefirstmanifestsitselfinourtirelesssearchforthemagicallevelatwhichwelfaregrantsarebigenoughtomeetbasicneedsbutsmallenoughtomakelow-paidworkattractive.Thesecondhasuslookingtothecriminaljusticesystemtocurebehaviorthatisasmuchasanythingtheresultofdeir.(3)

Thewelfareexampleiswellknown.Wedon’twantpoorpeople

to

liveinsqualorortheirchildrentobemalnourished.Butwealsodon’twanttosubsidizetheindolenceofpeoplewhoaretoolazytowork.Thefirstimpulseleadsustoprovidehousing,foodstamps,medicalcareandacashstipendforfamiliesinneed.Thesecondgetsustothinkabout

“workforce”.(4)

We’vebeenthinkingaboutitfortworeasons:the

“nanny”

problemsoftwohigh-rankinggovernmentofficials(whohiredundocumentedforeignersashouseholdhelpers,presumablybecausetheycouldn’tfindAmericanstodothework)andPresidentClinton’sproposaltoputatwo-yearlimitonwelfare.(5)

MaybesomethingusefulwillcomeofClinton’sidea,butI’mnotallthathopeful.Itlookstomelikeonemoreexampleoftryingtomanipulatepeopleintotakingcareofthemselves.(6)

Onthecriminaljusticeside,wehopetomakepunishmenttoughenoughtodiscouragecrimebutnotsotoughastoclogourprisonswithrelativelyminoroffenders.Tooshortasentence,wefear,willcreatecontemptforthelaw.Toolongasentencewilltakeupcostlycebetterusedfortheviolentandunremorseful.(7)

Notonlycanweneverfindthe

“perfect”

punishment,oursearchforoptimumpenaltiesiscomplicatedbyourdesireforfairness:toletthepunishmentfitthecrime.Theproblemisthatalmostanypunishment---eventhedisgraceofbeingchargedwithacrime---issufficienttodeterthemiddleclass,whileformembersoftheunderclass,probationmaybetranslatedas

“Ibeatit”.(8)

Sohowcanyouusethesystem---welfareorcriminaljustice---toproducethebehaviorwewant?Theanswer,Isuspectis:Youcan’t.(9)

Wekeeptryingtousewelfareandprisonto

change

people---tomakethemthinkandbehavethewaywedo---whenthetruthistheincentivesworkonlyforthosewhoalreadythinkthewaywedo:whoviewtoday’sactionwithaneyeonthefuture.(10)

Wewilltakelowlywork(ifthatisallthat’savailable)becausewebelievewecanmakebadjobsworkforus.