主谓一致英语语法总结课件

Whatis“subject-verbconcord”?theagreementbetweensubjectandpredicateverbintermsofnumber

Whatis“subject-verbconcord”1GrammaticalConcord语法一致原则NotionalConcord意义一致原则PrincipleofProximity就近原则3. threeguidingprinciples

GrammaticalConcord语法一致原则3. t23.1 Theprincipleof

GrammaticalConcord

Ifthesubjectisplural,theverbshouldtakethepluralform.Ifthesubjectissingularoramassnoun,theverbshouldtakethesingularform.

3.1 Theprincipleof

Grammati3Thirtymilesseemslikealongwalktome.Thirtymilesseemslikealong43.2 Theprincipleof

NotionalConcord

Theverbcanagreewiththesubjectaccordingtothenotionofnumberinspiteoftheactualformofthesubject.3.2 Theprincipleof

Notional5Ifthereferenceofthesubjectissingular,theverbtakesthesingularform.Ifthereferenceofsubjectisplural,theverbtakesthepluralform.Ifthereferenceofthesubjec6Itwaseleveno'clockbeforethefamily

wereallinbed.All

wascontrarytoherexpectation.

Itwaseleveno'clockbeforet7Theteam__________hadtheirdinner.

Fiftydollars__________alargesumofmoneyforsuchapoormanlikeme.haveisTheteam__________hadtheir8Itisfutiletodiscussthematterfurther,becauseneitheryounorIamgoingtoagreeuponanythingtoday.

Itisfutiletodiscussthema93.3 theprincipleofproximity

theverbagreeswithaprecedingnounphrasewhichisclosesttoit,insteadofagreeingwiththeheadofthenounphrasethatfunctionsasthesubject3.3 theprincipleofproximity10EitherheorIamgoing.Nooneexceptthetwogirlswerecrying.Oneoutoffivestudentshavepassedtheexam.EitherheorIamgoing.11“Oneofthemwhoweresomuchafterdancingwithyouyesterday,”shepresentlysuggested.

--ThomasHardyTessoftheD'Urbervilles“Oneofthemwhoweresomuch12Theformofthesubject:grammaticalconcordThemeaningofthesubject:notionalconcordThedistancebetweentheheadandtheverb:proximityTheformofthesubject:13Pleasenotethattheprincipleofgrammaticalconcordisthebasicprinciple,esp.inwrittenEnglish.

Pleasenotethat144.SomePitfallsproblemsofconcordwithnounsendingin–s

4.SomePitfallsproblemsofc154.1 diseaseandgamenames

endingin-s

Theyaregenerallytreatedassingularsincetheyrefertoonesinglediseaseorgame.4.1 diseaseandgamenames

en16Marbles____(be)ofdifferentcolorsandmaterials.Darts____(be)throwntothetarget.Pleasenote:Pleasenote:174.2 subjectnamesending

in–ics

Theyaregenerallytreatedassingularsincetheyrefertoonesinglesubject.4.2 subjectnamesending

in–18“Withcostsbeingsignificantlylessthantheywereseveralyearsago,theeconomicsareprettygood,”saysGeorgeKadane,headofthecompany.economincs=profits“Withcostsbeingsignificantl19Hispolitics_____differentfrommine.(is,are)Thestatistics____nothinginthiscase.(prove,proves)Pleasenote:Pleasenote:20politics=politicalopinionsstatistics=numericaldatapolitics=politicalopinions21When–icswordstakethepluralmeaning,ithasatendencytogowiththedefinitearticleorapossessivedeterminerandrefertospecificfacts,views,etc.When–icswordstaketheplura224.3 geographicalnamesendingin–s

Theyaregenerallytreatedaspluraliftheyrefertoarangeofarchipelagoes,mountains,straits,waterfalls,etc.4.3 geographicalnamesending23ThePhilippinesneedscapitalandtechnologytransfer.TheNetherlandshasbeenreclaimingfarmlandsfromwater.nationThePhilippinesneedscapital244.4 othernounsendingin–s

4.4 othernounsendingin–s254.4.1 namesforarticlesmadeoftwoparts

Thesenounsaregenerallytreatedasplural.

4.4.1 namesforarticlesmade26Compare:Thescissors____madeofstainlesssteel.(is,are)Thepincers____putinthedrawer.(is,are)

Thepairofscissors____verywell.(cut,cuts)Thesetwopairsofpincers____cleaning.(need,needs)Compare:274.4.2 nounsusuallytakingpluralendings

Thesenounsaregenerallytreatedasplural.

4.4.2 nounsusuallytakingplu28“remains”遗迹，残余物：is/areTheremainsofthemealis/areleftonthetable.Theremainsoftheancientcityis/aretheevidenceofitsexistenceandprosperity.Hisremainswerekeptinacrystalcoffin.“remains”遗迹，残余物：is/areTherema29DelawareMansionsisablockof167flatsoppositetheBBCRadioStudios.TheBroadwayMansions(simplifiedChinese:百老汇大厦)isanineteen-floorArtDecofivestarhotel,oneofthemostfamoushotelsinShanghai,China.“mansions”DelawareMansionsisablocko304.4.3 nounsendingin–ings(verb+ings)

Theyaregenerallytreatedasplural.

4.4.3 nounsendingin–ings(v314.4.4 nounswhosesingularnumberandpluralnumbersharethesameformwhichendsin-s

Theyaretreatedaspluralwhenusedinpluralsense,treatedassingularwhenusedinsingularsense.

4.4.4 nounswhosesingularnum32There___acrossroadsseveralmilesahead.There___twocrossroadsseveralmilesahead.There___acrossroadsseveral335. problemsofconcordwithcollectivenouns

5. problemsofconcordwithco345.1 collectivenounsusuallyusedasplural

people,policepersonnel人员(总称）clergy神职人员poultry家禽

vermin害虫cattle牛(总称)militia民兵

5.1 collectivenounsusuallyu355.2 collectivenounsusuallyassingular

foliage叶子总称machinery机器总称equipment设备furniture家具merchandise商品

5.2 collectivenounsusuallya365.3 collectivenounseitheraspluralorassingular

Whenthenounisusedinthesenseofacollectiveasawhole,itistreatedassingular.Whenthenounisusedinthesenseofindividualsthatmakethecollective,itistreatedasplural.

5.3 collectivenounseitheras37Well,Ihaveheardonceortwicethatmyfamilyhasseenbetterdays.Itwaseleveno'clockbeforethefamilywereallinbed.

--ThomasHardy:TessoftheD'UrbervillesWell,Ihaveheardonceortwi386 Problemsofconcordwithsubjectcontainingcoordinateforms

6 Problemsofconcordwithsub396.1 “and”/“both…and”

6.1 “and”/“both…and”406.1

“and”/“both…and”

Breadandmilk____beenmybreakfastforyears.(have,has)TheStarsandStripes____flyingfromtheflagpole.(is,are)Herlawyerandlifelongfriend____goingtobetrayher.(was,were)Allworkandnoplay____Jackadullboy.(make,makes)6.1 “and”/“both…and”Breada41Breadandmilkhas

beenmybreakfastforyears.TheStarsandStripesisflyingfromtheflagpole.Herlawyerandlifelongfriendwasgoingtobetrayher.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.Breadandmilkhasbeenmybre42Theredandwhiterose____beautiful.(is,are)Theredandthewhiterose____beautiful.Theredandwhiterose____be43Eachboyandeachgirl____abook.(has,have)Theboysandgirlseach____abook.主谓一致英语语法总结课件44Ifeachoftheelementofsubjectismodifiedby“each”,“every”,“manya”,“no”,theverbtakesthesingularform.Ifeachoftheelementofsubj45Conclusion:

Ifthesubjectreferstoonesinglethingorperson,itissingular.

Ifthesubjectreferstomorethanonethingorperson,itisplural.

Conclusion:

Ifthesubjectre466.2“or”,“either…or”,“nor”,

“neither…nor”,“notonly…butalsoAbeautifulfloweroraglitteringstarigniteshisimagination.Notaflynoramousesurvivessuchahotday.Notonlyherhusbandbutalsoallhervisitorsarefascinatedwithheroverflowingelegance,sparklingwitandeasingnaturalness.6.2“or”,“either…or”,“nor”, 47Conclusions:Theprincipleofproximityisappliedtotheseconstructions.Ininformalstyle,“neither…nor”,“notonly…butalso”cansometimesberegardedasplural.

Conclusions:48NotonlyBushbutalsoKellyis/werecriticizedfortheirimproperuseofbodylanguage.NeitherBushnorKellywas/weregoodatbodylanguage.NotonlyBushbutalsoKellyi49ManybigcitiesaswellasShanghaihavetoomanyskyscrapers.ManybigcitiesaswellasSha50Grammar,aswellasalltheothersubjects,isveryinteresting.Nooneexceptthetwogirlswaslate.Nooneexcepthisownsupportersagreeswithhim.Grammar,aswellasalltheot517 problemsofconcordwithexpressionsofquantity

7 problemsofconcordwithexp527.1 concordwithexpressionofdefinitequantityassubject

7.1 concordwithexpressionof537.1.1

Whenadefinitequantityisregardedasasingleunit,treatedassingular

Sevendaysistooshortforapersonwhoneedsagoodrest.7.1.1

Whenadefinitequantit547.1.2whenusedinthesenseoftheindividualsthatconstitutethequantity,treatedasplural

Hetakesouttwodollarswhichlookexactlythesame,butoneofthemisaforgednote.InShanghai,youmayexperiencetwoconsecutivedayswhichfeelliketwoseasons.7.1.2whenusedinthesenseo55Twothirdsofthelandis

wasteland.Twothirdsofthestudentsare

girls.50percentofmyincomeis

usedforfood.50percentofmywakinghoursare

usedforstudy.7.1.3“afractionof”,

“apercentageof”Twothirdsofthelandiswast56Intheseconstructions,theformoftheverbisdeterminedbythenounintheof-phrase.Intheseconstructions,thefo57Fiveplus/andfive____ten.

Fivemultipliedby/timesfive____twenty-five.7.1.4 “Aplus/andB”

“AmultipliedbyB”Fiveplus/andfive____ten.58Fiveplus/andfiveare/isten.

Fivemultipliedby/timesfiveare/istwenty-five.Fiveplus/andfiveare/is59Fivefives_____twenty-five.Fivefives_____twenty-five.60Fivefivesaretwenty-five.Fivefivesaretwenty-five.61Tenminusfiveis/makesfive.Fivefromtenis/makesfive.Tendividedbyfiveis/makestwo.7.1.5 AminusB,AdividedbyB

Tenminusfiveis/makesfive62One

in/outofeightofthechildrenisgivenanapple.7.1.6 “onein/outof+pluralnoun”

Onein/outofeightofthec63One

in/outofeightofthechildrenaregivenanapple.(informal)Onein/outofeightofthec64Akindofroseisdepictedinthepicture.Rosesofthiskind

areveryexpensive.Thesekindsofroses/rose

areveryexpensive.Thesekindofrosesareveryexpensive.7.2 concordwithexpressionofindefinitequantityassubject

Akindofroseisdepictedin65A/Themajorityofchildreninourclasshaveblackeyes.Amajorityof57to43helpshimtowintheelection.(majority=greaternumberofvotes)A/Themajorityofchildrenin668 problemsofconcordwithnominalclauseassubject

8 problemsofconcordwithnom67Whowillwintheelection

isstillunknown.Whatcausedtheaccidentandwhowasresponsible

wereamystery.8.1 nominalwh-clauseassubject

Whowillwintheelectioniss68Whathewantsare

somebooksandacupofcoffee.Whatareoftenregardedasridiculousaresometimestrue.8.2 concordinSVCconstructionwithwhat-clauseassubject

8.2 concordinSVCconstructio69Conclusion:IntheSVCstructure,ifthecomplementorthesubjectcontainsnounsorothersignsofpluralness,theverbcanbeplural.Conclusion:709 problemsofconcordin

relativeclause关系从句,

cleft-sentence分裂句

existentialsentence存在句

9 problemsofconcordin

rela71Alice'sAdventuresinWonderlandisoneofthebookswhichexpand

achild’simagination.Mymotherisoneofthosepeoplewhobelievesinfortunetelling.(BritishEnglish)Heisthe/theonlyoneofthestudentswhoknowsLatin.9.1 concordinrelativeclause

Alice'sAdventuresinWonderla72Itisthiswomanwhohasstolenhisheart.Itisthesewomenwhohavedrivenhimaway.Itis

Iwho/thatamresponsibleforit.Itismewho/thatisresponsibleforit.(informalstyle)9.2 concordincleft-sentence

focuselementItisthiswomanwhohasstole73Therewasnoonetolistentoher.Therewere

aDuckandaDodo,aLoryandanEaglet,andseveralothercuriouscreatures.(the1stcoordinateelement)Therewas

alargemushroomandtworabbits.9.3 concordinexistentialsentence

notionalsubject

实义主语Therewasnoonetolistento741)Agreatmanypeople____presentatthemeeting.(was,were)2)Adayortwo____enough.(is,are)3)Oneortworeasons____suggested.(is,are)4)Trialanderror____thesourceofourknowledge.(is,are)5)Earlytobedandearlytorise____amanhealthy,wealthyandwise.(make,makes)1)Agreatmanypeople____pr756)AmericanandDutchbeer____lighterthanBritish.(is,are)7)Noteacherandnostudent____present.(is,are)8)NoonebutJaneandTom____therethen.(was,were)9)HenolessthanI____keentovisittheGreatWall.(is,am)10)Thesetypeofsnakes____dangerous.(is,are)6)AmericanandDutchbeer___7611)Anumberofstudents____waitingfortheteacher.(is,are)12)ThenumberofilliteratesinChina____beendecreasing.(has,have)13)Thegood____notalwaysbeautiful.(is,are)14)I,who____yourfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyou.(is,am)15)IneveryprovinceofChina____foundrichnaturalresources.(is,are)11)Anumberofstudents____77Whatis“subject-verbconcord”?theagreementbetweensubjectandpredicateverbintermsofnumber

Whatis“subject-verbconcord”78GrammaticalConcord语法一致原则NotionalConcord意义一致原则PrincipleofProximity就近原则3. threeguidingprinciples

GrammaticalConcord语法一致原则3. t793.1 Theprincipleof

GrammaticalConcord

Ifthesubjectisplural,theverbshouldtakethepluralform.Ifthesubjectissingularoramassnoun,theverbshouldtakethesingularform.

3.1 Theprincipleof

Grammati80Thirtymilesseemslikealongwalktome.Thirtymilesseemslikealong813.2 Theprincipleof

NotionalConcord

Theverbcanagreewiththesubjectaccordingtothenotionofnumberinspiteoftheactualformofthesubject.3.2 Theprincipleof

Notional82Ifthereferenceofthesubjectissingular,theverbtakesthesingularform.Ifthereferenceofsubjectisplural,theverbtakesthepluralform.Ifthereferenceofthesubjec83Itwaseleveno'clockbeforethefamily

wereallinbed.All

wascontrarytoherexpectation.

Itwaseleveno'clockbeforet84Theteam__________hadtheirdinner.

Fiftydollars__________alargesumofmoneyforsuchapoormanlikeme.haveisTheteam__________hadtheir85Itisfutiletodiscussthematterfurther,becauseneitheryounorIamgoingtoagreeuponanythingtoday.

Itisfutiletodiscussthema863.3 theprincipleofproximity

theverbagreeswithaprecedingnounphrasewhichisclosesttoit,insteadofagreeingwiththeheadofthenounphrasethatfunctionsasthesubject3.3 theprincipleofproximity87EitherheorIamgoing.Nooneexceptthetwogirlswerecrying.Oneoutoffivestudentshavepassedtheexam.EitherheorIamgoing.88“Oneofthemwhoweresomuchafterdancingwithyouyesterday,”shepresentlysuggested.

--ThomasHardyTessoftheD'Urbervilles“Oneofthemwhoweresomuch89Theformofthesubject:grammaticalconcordThemeaningofthesubject:notionalconcordThedistancebetweentheheadandtheverb:proximityTheformofthesubject:90Pleasenotethattheprincipleofgrammaticalconcordisthebasicprinciple,esp.inwrittenEnglish.

Pleasenotethat914.SomePitfallsproblemsofconcordwithnounsendingin–s

4.SomePitfallsproblemsofc924.1 diseaseandgamenames

endingin-s

Theyaregenerallytreatedassingularsincetheyrefertoonesinglediseaseorgame.4.1 diseaseandgamenames

en93Marbles____(be)ofdifferentcolorsandmaterials.Darts____(be)throwntothetarget.Pleasenote:Pleasenote:944.2 subjectnamesending

in–ics

Theyaregenerallytreatedassingularsincetheyrefertoonesinglesubject.4.2 subjectnamesending

in–95“Withcostsbeingsignificantlylessthantheywereseveralyearsago,theeconomicsareprettygood,”saysGeorgeKadane,headofthecompany.economincs=profits“Withcostsbeingsignificantl96Hispolitics_____differentfrommine.(is,are)Thestatistics____nothinginthiscase.(prove,proves)Pleasenote:Pleasenote:97politics=politicalopinionsstatistics=numericaldatapolitics=politicalopinions98When–icswordstakethepluralmeaning,ithasatendencytogowiththedefinitearticleorapossessivedeterminerandrefertospecificfacts,views,etc.When–icswordstaketheplura994.3 geographicalnamesendingin–s

Theyaregenerallytreatedaspluraliftheyrefertoarangeofarchipelagoes,mountains,straits,waterfalls,etc.4.3 geographicalnamesending100ThePhilippinesneedscapitalandtechnologytransfer.TheNetherlandshasbeenreclaimingfarmlandsfromwater.nationThePhilippinesneedscapital1014.4 othernounsendingin–s

4.4 othernounsendingin–s1024.4.1 namesforarticlesmadeoftwoparts

Thesenounsaregenerallytreatedasplural.

4.4.1 namesforarticlesmade103Compare:Thescissors____madeofstainlesssteel.(is,are)Thepincers____putinthedrawer.(is,are)

Thepairofscissors____verywell.(cut,cuts)Thesetwopairsofpincers____cleaning.(need,needs)Compare:1044.4.2 nounsusuallytakingpluralendings

Thesenounsaregenerallytreatedasplural.

4.4.2 nounsusuallytakingplu105“remains”遗迹，残余物：is/areTheremainsofthemealis/areleftonthetable.Theremainsoftheancientcityis/aretheevidenceofitsexistenceandprosperity.Hisremainswerekeptinacrystalcoffin.“remains”遗迹，残余物：is/areTherema106DelawareMansionsisablockof167flatsoppositetheBBCRadioStudios.TheBroadwayMansions(simplifiedChinese:百老汇大厦)isanineteen-floorArtDecofivestarhotel,oneofthemostfamoushotelsinShanghai,China.“mansions”DelawareMansionsisablocko1074.4.3 nounsendingin–ings(verb+ings)

Theyaregenerallytreatedasplural.

4.4.3 nounsendingin–ings(v1084.4.4 nounswhosesingularnumberandpluralnumbersharethesameformwhichendsin-s

Theyaretreatedaspluralwhenusedinpluralsense,treatedassingularwhenusedinsingularsense.

4.4.4 nounswhosesingularnum109There___acrossroadsseveralmilesahead.There___twocrossroadsseveralmilesahead.There___acrossroadsseveral1105. problemsofconcordwithcollectivenouns

5. problemsofconcordwithco1115.1 collectivenounsusuallyusedasplural

people,policepersonnel人员(总称）clergy神职人员poultry家禽

vermin害虫cattle牛(总称)militia民兵

5.1 collectivenounsusuallyu1125.2 collectivenounsusuallyassingular

foliage叶子总称machinery机器总称equipment设备furniture家具merchandise商品

5.2 collectivenounsusuallya1135.3 collectivenounseitheraspluralorassingular

Whenthenounisusedinthesenseofacollectiveasawhole,itistreatedassingular.Whenthenounisusedinthesenseofindividualsthatmakethecollective,itistreatedasplural.

5.3 collectivenounseitheras114Well,Ihaveheardonceortwicethatmyfamilyhasseenbetterdays.Itwaseleveno'clockbeforethefamilywereallinbed.

--ThomasHardy:TessoftheD'UrbervillesWell,Ihaveheardonceortwi1156 Problemsofconcordwithsubjectcontainingcoordinateforms

6 Problemsofconcordwithsub1166.1 “and”/“both…and”

6.1 “and”/“both…and”1176.1

“and”/“both…and”

Breadandmilk____beenmybreakfastforyears.(have,has)TheStarsandStripes____flyingfromtheflagpole.(is,are)Herlawyerandlifelongfriend____goingtobetrayher.(was,were)Allworkandnoplay____Jackadullboy.(make,makes)6.1 “and”/“both…and”Breada118Breadandmilkhas

beenmybreakfastforyears.TheStarsandStripesisflyingfromtheflagpole.Herlawyerandlifelongfriendwasgoingtobetrayher.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.Breadandmilkhasbeenmybre119Theredandwhiterose____beautiful.(is,are)Theredandthewhiterose____beautiful.Theredandwhiterose____be120Eachboyandeachgirl____abook.(has,have)Theboysandgirlseach____abook.主谓一致英语语法总结课件121Ifeachoftheelementofsubjectismodifiedby“each”,“every”,“manya”,“no”,theverbtakesthesingularform.Ifeachoftheelementofsubj122Conclusion:

Ifthesubjectreferstoonesinglethingorperson,itissingular.

Ifthesubjectreferstomorethanonethingorperson,itisplural.

Conclusion:

Ifthesubjectre1236.2“or”,“either…or”,“nor”,

“neither…nor”,“notonly…butalsoAbeautifulfloweroraglitteringstarigniteshisimagination.Notaflynoramousesurvivessuchahotday.Notonlyherhusbandbutalsoallhervisitorsarefascinatedwithheroverflowingelegance,sparklingwitandeasingnaturalness.6.2“or”,“either…or”,“nor”, 124Conclusions:Theprincipleofproximityisappliedtotheseconstructions.Ininformalstyle,“neither…nor”,“notonly…butalso”cansometimesberegardedasplural.

Conclusions:125NotonlyBushbutalsoKellyis/werecriticizedfortheirimproperuseofbodylanguage.NeitherBushnorKellywas/weregoodatbodylanguage.NotonlyBushbutalsoKellyi126ManybigcitiesaswellasShanghaihavetoomanyskyscrapers.ManybigcitiesaswellasSha127Grammar,aswellasalltheothersubjects,isveryinteresting.Nooneexceptthetwogirlswaslate.Nooneexcepthisownsupportersagreeswithhim.Grammar,aswellasalltheot1287 problemsofconcordwithexpressionsofquantity

7 problemsofconcordwithexp1297.1 concordwithexpressionofdefinitequantityassubject

7.1 concordwithexpressionof1307.1.1

Whenadefinitequantityisregardedasasingleunit,treatedassingular

Sevendaysistooshortforapersonwhoneedsagoodrest.7.1.1

Whenadefinitequantit1317.1.2whenusedinthesenseoftheindividualsthatconstitutethequantity,treatedasplural

Hetakesouttwodollarswhichlookexactlythesame,butoneofthemisaforgednote.InShanghai,youmayexperiencetwoconsecutivedayswhichfeelliketwoseasons.7.1.2whenusedinthesenseo132Twothirdsofthelandis

wasteland.Twothirdsofthestudentsare

girls.50percentofmyincomeis

usedforfood.50percentofmywakinghoursare

usedforstudy.7.1.3“afractionof”,

“apercentageof”Twothirdsofthelandiswast133Intheseconstructions,theformoftheverbisdeterminedbythenounintheof-phrase.Intheseconstructions,thefo134Fiveplus/andfive____ten.

Fivemultipliedby/timesfive____twenty-five.7.1.4 “Aplus/andB”

“AmultipliedbyB”Fiveplus/andfive____ten.135Fiveplus/andfiveare/isten.

Fivemultipliedby/timesfiveare/istwenty-five.Fiveplus/andfiveare/is136Fivefives_____twenty-five.Fivefives_____twenty-five.137Fivefivesaretwenty-five.Fivefivesaretwenty-five.138Tenminusfiveis/makesfive.Fivefromtenis/makesfive.Tendividedbyfiveis/makestwo.7.1.5 AminusB,AdividedbyB

Tenminusfiveis/makesfive139One

in/outofeightofthechildrenisgivenanapple.7.1.6 “onein/outof+pluralnoun”

Onein/outofeightofthec140One

in/outofeightofthechildrenaregivenanapple.(informal)Onein/outofeightofthec141Akindofroseisdepictedinthepicture.Rosesofthiskind

areveryexpensive.Thesekindsofroses/rose

areveryexpensive.Thesekindofrosesareveryexpensive.7.2 concordwithexpressionofindefinitequantityassubject

Akindofroseisdepictedin142A/Themajorityofchildreninourclasshaveblackeyes.Amajorityof57to43helpshimtowintheelection.(majority=greaternumberofvotes)A/Themajorityofchildr