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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-新乡职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.翻译题

人和人之间没什么大的差别。任何人都是伟大与渺小、善良与邪恶、高尚与低俗的混合体。有的人个性比较坚毅,或者机会比较好,所以能在某个方而更自由地发挥自己的禀赋,但是人的潜能都是相同的。就拿我来说,我认为自己并不比大多数人更好或更差,但是我知道,假如我记下我生命中每一个举动和每一个掠过脑海的想法的话,世人将会把我视作一个邪恶的怪物。每个人都会有这些怪念头,认识到这一点,人们就更能包容自己、包容他人。认识到这一点,我们就能以同情的态度看待同伴,即便他们是最优秀最值得尊敬的人:认识到这一点,我们也就不会把自己太当一回事了。

【答案】Thereislittledifferencebetweenpeople.Everymanisahotchpotchofgreatnessandlittleness,ofvirtueandvice,ofnobilityandbaseness.Somepeoplehavemorestrengthofcharacter,orbetteropportunities,sotheycanusetheirgiftsmorefreelyinonedirectionoranother,butpeople’spotentialisthesame.Formypart,Idon’tthinkI’mbetterorworsethanmostpeople,butIknowifIwritedowneveryactioninmylifeandeverythoughtthatcrossesmymind,otherpeoplewillregardmeasanevilmonster.Everyonehasthesewhims,andbyrecognizingthatpeoplearemoretolerantofthemselvesandothers.Byrecognizingthis,wecanviewourfellowmenwithcompassion,eveniftheyarethebestandmostrespectable.Byrecognizingthis,wedon’ttakeourselvestooseriously.

2.单选题

Modeminternationaljointventuresaremoredynamicanddifferentfrom(1)subsidiariesandsimilarorganizationalformsinthepast,sotraditionalcontrolsystemsmaynotbeapplicable.Newformsofinternationalmanagementhavenotbeenstudiedverymuchintheirownright-forexample,

(2)

ontheuseofaccountingandotherinformationtoevaluateperformance.

OrganizationaldesignshouldincludecontrolmechanismswhenanIJVisplanned.TheMacquarieGroup,forexample,boaststhatthekeytoitssuccessisauniquemanagementstylethatprovidesindividualbusinesseswithabalancebetween

(3)

freedom,controlsonrisklimitsandobservanceofprofessionalstandards.Thegroup’sargumentisthatthispolicyencouragesasenseofownershipandentrepreneurshipandhasproduced

(4)

majorfinancialinnovations.

Competentinternationalmanagersconsideralsothevaryinglevelsofcontrolbydifferentpartiestojointventures.Theyareusuallyeasiertomanageeitherifoneparentplaysadominantroleindailyoperationsorifthelocalgeneralmanagerhasconsiderablemanagementcontrol(

5)

bothparentsoutofmostofthedailyoperations).

Inanycase,themoreissues

(6)

beforeamerger,theless

(7)

tobreakup.Controloverstabilityandsuccessisbuiltlargelyintoinitialagreements.Contractsspecifyresponsibilitiesandrights.Whereownershipisunequal,controlandstaffingchoices

(8)

..ownershipshare.Inparticular,choicesofgeneralmanagersinfluencerelativeallocationofcontrolbecausetheyareresponsibleforrunningtheventureandforcoordinatingrelationships.Whereownershipisdividedamongseveralpartners,theparentstendto

(9)

dailyoperationstothelocalventuremanagersbecausethisavoidsmanypotentialdisputes.Inaddition,increasedautonomyoftheventuretendstoreducemanycommonhumanresourceproblemssuchasstaffingfriction,

(10)communicationandclashingorganizationalcultures,resultingfromconflictinggoalsandworkingpractices.

问题1选项

A.adjacent

B.host

C.fullyowned

D.partlyshared

问题2选项

A.littleresearchhasbeenundertaken

B.alittleresearchhasbeenundertaken

C.muchresearchhasbeendone

D.theyhaveundertakentheresearch

问题3选项

A.operation

B.operated

C.operative

D.operating

问题4选项

A.streamsof

B.astreamof

C.alot

D.lots

问题5选项

A.making

B.avoiding

C.turning

D.keeping

问题6选项

A.whichhavebeenraised

B.putup

C.thathavebeensettled

D.discussed

问题7选项

A.possibilitythereis

B.likelyitis

C.impossibleitis

D.possible

问题8选项

A.willbeproportionateto

B.willbeproportionate

C.willproportionate

D.willbeproportional

问题9选项

A.employ

B.empower

C.divide

D.delegate

问题10选项

A.blocked

B.blocking

C.coded

D.coding

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

第6题:C

第7题:B

第8题:B

第9题:B

第10题:A

【解析】(1)考查逻辑关系。adjacent意为“邻近的,毗邻的”;host意为“主办,主持,东道主”;fullyowned意为“完成拥有”;partlyshared意为“部分共享”;由空格后的subsidiaries(子公司)可知选C最符合逻辑,fullyownedsubsidiaries意为“全资子公司,完全控制子公司”。

(2)考查逻辑关系。由前面的havenotbeenstudiedverymuch可知句子为否定意义,故所举的例子也应含否定意义,little作形容词时,意为“几乎没有”,相当于一个否定词。alitter意为“有一点,有一些”,表示肯定的意思。因此选A。

(3)考查分词。operate意为“运转,操作”,现在分词修饰某个名词,表示某人/某物本身具有这个现在分词所表示的特征,此处意为“这种风格为个体工商户提供运营自由,风险限制控制和遵守专业标准之间的平衡”。

(4)考查固定搭配。astreamof为固定搭配,意为“一连串,大量的的”;a lot是副词性短语,修饰动词;lots不单独适用,后面一般接of。此句意为:这组的论点是,这一政策鼓励了主人翁意识和创业精神,并产生了大量的重要金融创新。

(5)考查词义辨析。makeoutof意为“用……制造出”;turnoutof意为“把……逐出”;keepoutof意为“(使)不入……内,(使)置身于……之外”。此处表示“将母公司置身于大部分日常事务之外”,因此选C

(6)考查逻辑关系。themore...theless意为“越……越……”,由前后逻辑关系可知,在合并前……问题越多,之后出现分裂的……就越少,C选项最符合逻辑,解决问题越多,就越……

(7)考查逻辑关系。themore...theless意为“越……越……”,由前后逻辑关系可知,在合并前……问题越多,之后出现分裂的……就越少,B选项最合逻辑,分裂的可能性就越少。此句意为:无论如何,和平前解决的问题越多,以后就越少可能出现分裂。

(8)考查词义辨析。beproportionateto意为“相称,相当”;beproportionate意为“成比例”;proportionate意为“成比例的”;proportional意为“比例的”。此处表示“在所有权不平等的情况下,管理和员工配置使所有权份额……”,因此选B。

(9)考查动词辨析。employ意为“雇佣”;empower意为“授权”;divide意为“分开”;delegate意为“委托,选派”,委派的代表(通常是参见谈判、会谈、协商、交流的)。此处表示“双方将授权当地企业管理者日常操作权”,因此选B。

(10)考查固定搭配。blockedcommunication意为“沟通阻碍”。

3.单选题

Bythetimethetourends,thefootballteam()twentymatchesinfourcountries.

问题1选项

A.willplay

B.willbeplaying

C.willhaveplayed

D.willhavebeenplaying

【答案】C

【解析】考查语法时态。根据前一句Bythetimethetourends“到巡回赛结束时”,表示巡回赛还在进行,By接的是将来的时间,那么主句也需要用将来完成时。将来完成时的构成willhavedone。句意:到巡回赛结束时,足球队将在4个国家踢20次比赛。因此C选项符合题意。

4.填空题

Whatisdrug?Mostpeopleprobablythinkthereisaperfect

simpleanswertothisquestion.Infact,ifoneconductsaquicksurveyonanystreetcorner,onefindsthat,accordingtovastmajorityofpeople,therearetwogroupsofdrugs:thoseprescribedbydoctorsandthosepeopletakefornon-medical

use.Asmedicineandthemedicalprofessionsaregenerallyself-respectful,therearen’tanyobjectionstotheuseofprescribingdrugs.Whatmostpeopledon’trealizeisthatthoughprescribed

drugsareusuallybeneficial,theycanalsopresentaseriousproblem.Thereweremanypeopleaddictedbytranquillizersbeforedoctorsbegantoprescribethem:nowtherebeing

literallymillionswhodependonthem.Anacceptanceoftheuse

ofdrugsfornon-medicalreasonsislargelyamatterofa

culture.SomeEasternpeoplethinktheuseofalcoholwithhorror,mainlyasaresultofreligiousupbringing.However,thesesamepeoplefreelyusemarijuanawithoutasecondthought,andthis,inturnisn’tacceptedinwesternculture

whichacceptsalcohol.Inmostwesternsocieties,thetea-or-coffee-breakisnowapartoflife,andhugequantitiesofthesedrinksareconsumeddaily.

1.______

2.______

3.______

4.______

5.______

6.______

7.______

8.______

9.______

10.______

【答案】1.【答案】perfect改为perfectly

2.【答案】∧vastmajorityofpeople加上the

3.【答案】andthose∧people加上which

4.【答案】self-respectful改为self-respected

5.【答案】prescribingdrugs改为prescribeddrugs

6.【答案】addictedby改为addictedto

7.【答案】therebeing改为thereare

8.【答案】Anacceptance改为Theacceptance

9.【答案】ofaculture去掉a

10.【答案】andthis改为whilethis

【解析】1.【解题思路】perfect是形容词,后面的simple也是形容词,而在英语中,只有副词才能修饰形容词,所以应该把perfect改为perfectly。

2.【解题思路】此处特指接受街头调查的大多数人,因此要添加定冠词the。

3.【解题思路】those指代前文中出现的drugs,后面为定语从句。引导词要在定语从句中作宾语,因此要补充关系代词which。

4.【解题思路】self-respectful表示本身对别人表示尊重,self-respected表示本身受到别人尊重。该句表示“当医学和医学职业本身受到尊重时,人们就不会反对使用处方药”,所以要把self-respectful改为self-respected。

5.【解题思路】drug是动作prescribe的受动者,所以采用过去分词形式作定语。短语prescribeddrugs表示处方药。因此,将prescribingdrugs改为prescribeddrugs。

6.【解题思路】addicted的搭配是beaddictedto,表示“对……上瘾,沉溺于”,所以这里要将addictedby改为addictedto。

7.【解题思路】英语中冒号后面的内容是对前文内容的解释说明,可以加短语也可以加完整的句子。题目中显然是句子,而therebeing为非谓语,因此要将therebeing改为thereare。

8.【解题思路】acceptance在这里是特指对因非医学原因使用药物的接受,因此要用定冠词the表示特指。所以将Anacceptance改为Theacceptance。

9.【解题思路】culture表示文明或者文化总称时为不可数名词,因此不用加冠词a,所以应该把a去掉。

10.【解题思路】根据前后句意“然而,这些人不假思索地随意吸食大麻,这在接受酒精的西方文化中是不被接受的”可知,前后两句存在对比关系,因此要用连词while。所以要将and改为while。

5.单选题

Hespokeso()thatevenhisopponentswerewonoverbyhisarguments.

问题1选项

A.reservedly

B.emphatically

C.determinedly

D.convincingly

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查副词词义辨析。A选项reservedly“决然地;断然地”;B选项emphatically“着重地;强调地;断然地”;C选项determinedly“决然地;断然地”;D选项convincingly“令人信服地;有说服力地”。句意:他如此令人信服地发言,以至于他的对手都被他的辩论所说服。根据句意,D选项正确。

6.单选题

Underthereignofthedictatorialpowers,alltheperiodicalstowhichthelibrary()mustbescrutinizedbyacommitteeofcensorship.

问题1选项

A.subscribes

B.contributes

C.subtracts

D.rakes

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。subscribeto“预订,同意,订阅”。句意:在独裁政权统治下,图书馆订阅的所有期刊都必须接受审查委员会的审查。根据句意可知A为正确答案。

7.单选题

Scienceandtechnologyactuallyhelpto()theusefulandpleasantpartsoftraditionalculture.

问题1选项

A.preserve

B.prevail

C.reserve

D.precede

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。句意:科学技术实际上有助于保存传统文化中有用的和讨人喜欢的部分。选项中只有A和C有保留,保存的意思。preserve强调保护东西完好无损;reserve指保存储备留作后用。根据句意可知,选项A更符合语境。

8.单选题

Rao’s,thelegendaryeastHarlemItalianeatery,ismorethanahundredblocksabovetheWallStreet.ButwithaclientelethatincludessomeofthecorporateAmerica’sleadinglights,bigbusinessisneverfaraway.ConsiderthetablehostedonenightlastyearbyRao’sregular,Richard(Bo)Dietl—hewasjoinedbyGeneralElectric’sCEO,JeffreyImmelt,NBCchairmanBobWrightandLaw&OrdercreatorDickWolf.WolfwasjustenteringnegotiationsforanewcontractforLaw&OrdertokeeprunningonGE-ownedNBC.Noonesignedanycontractsorhaggledoverfiguresthatnight.Butnotlongafter,NBCannounceditwouldbroadcastLaw&Orderthrough2008.WolfsaysnowthatDietl’sdinneratRao’swaskeytosmoothingoutthenegotiations:“Itwasenormouslyhelpfulforhimtogetusalltogetherinthatsetting.”

Withhisjust-publishedbook,BusinessLunchatations,Dietlhopestolaunchhimselfastheauthorityonhoweveryonecansharpenhisnetworkingsocialskills.

Inhis$7,000Italiansuits,Dietltellstalesofhisadventureswiththerichandfamous;golfingwithformerGEchairmanJackWelch,fly-fishingwithformerPepsiCochairmanRogerEnrico,diningadeuxwithViacom’sSumnerRedstoneorcomparingnotesonprivatejetswithhispalDonaldTrump.Dietlsayshe’searnedthesemen’strustbymakingitclearhewantsnothingmorethantoshowthemagoodtimeandshareagoodlaugh.“Youdon’tdothisthinking,oh,whatbusinesscanIgetoutofthem?”hesays.“Youdoitforsheerfriendship.Andthenthegoodthingsjustcomeout.”Corporatebossessaytheyappreciatethesell.“Bo’saguyyouwanttodoafavorfor,”saysWelch,“becauseyouknowhe’lldoafavorforyou.”

Inhisbook,ofcourse,Dietlurgesreaderstodomorethanjustbenicetostrangersandwaitforgoodkarma.Networkingtipsrangefromhowtolistenandaskquestionsinconversationswithstrangers—eyecontact,uprightpostureandclarifyingquestionsaremusts—topracticalpointerslike“keepgoingbacktothebuffet”(toincreasethenumberofcontactsatacrowdedevent)and“wearanoriginalaccessory”(toensurestickingoutinanewacquaintance’smind).Still,Dietlsaysthemostcommonlymissedsecretofnetworkingisstartingwiththehumantouch.“Ifthere’sgoingtobebusiness,possiblytherecouldbebusiness,”hesays.“Butit’sgottastartoutfromthefriendshipside.”

26.WolfhascometobelievethatthereasonLaw&Orderwasextendedto2008was________.

27.ByreferringtoDietl’sbook,theauthorintendstoshow________.

28.Itisimpliedthatyoucanimproveyournetworkingskillsby________.

29.Dietlconcludesthatthemostimportantthingtodoisto________.

30.Thebesttitleforthistextmightbe________.

问题1选项

A.theItalianfood

B.theydidn’thavetogofarfromWallstreettogettoRao’s

C.theydidn’thaggleoverdinner

D.Dietl’sget-together

问题2选项

A.Bo’sintelligences

B.Richard’scharm

C.Mr.Dietl’sfame

D.Mr.Dietl’sauthority

问题3选项

A.havingadventureswiththerichandfamous

B.wearingexpensivesuits

C.doingfavorsandlaughing

D.beingfriendly

问题4选项

A.keepgoingbacktothebuffet

B.beginwithfriendship

C.touchpeople

D.keepintouchwithcontacts

问题5选项

A.AdventureswiththeRichandFamous

B.FavorsReceived

C.MeetMeforLunchatation

D.GoodTimesandLaughter

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】26.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第一段最后一句WolfsaysnowthatDietl’sdinneratRao’swaskeytosmoothingoutthenegotiations:“Itwasenormouslyhelpfulforhimtogetusalltogetherinthatsetting.”(沃尔夫说,现在迪特尔在拉奥餐厅的晚餐是促成谈判顺利进行的关键:“他把我们所有人聚在一起,这对他非常有帮助。”),所以D选项“迪特尔的聚会”正确。A选项“意大利菜”,B选项“他们不需要从华尔街走很远就能到餐厅”和C选项“他们吃饭时没有讨价还价”与题目没有直接关系,故错误。因此D选项正确。

27.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第二段Withhisjust-publishedbook,BusinessLunchatations,Dietlhopestolaunchhimselfastheauthorityonhoweveryonecansharpenhisnetworkingsocialskills.(迪特尔刚刚出版《商务午餐》这本书,希望成为教人提高人际交往技巧的权威。),作者通过出版的书想要表达迪特尔的权威性,所以D选项“迪特尔的权威”正确,突出迪特尔的权威是为了让读者信服他的社交技巧,名望在这里没有太大用处,也不是重点,故C选项“迪特尔的名望”错误。A选项“鲍勃的智慧”和B选项“理查德的魅力”:不是表达的重点,故错误。因此D选项正确。

28.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句Dietlsayshe’searnedthesemen’strustbymakingitclearhewantsnothingmorethantoshowthemagoodtimeandshareagoodlaugh.(迪特尔表示,他已经赢得了这些男人的信任,因为他明确表示,他只是想和他们共度一段美好时光,与他们一起开怀大笑。)和最后一句“Bo’saguyyouwanttodoafavorfor,”saysWelch,“becauseyouknowhe’lldoafavorforyou.”(韦尔奇说:“鲍勃是你想帮的人,因为你知道他会帮你。”),可知可以通过让别人愉快和帮助别人提高社交技能,所以C选项“乐于助人,带来欢笑”正确;只有D选项“友好”还不够,故错误。A选项“与富人和名人一起冒险”和B选项“穿名贵的衣服”,根据第三段:Inhis$7,000Italiansuits,Dietltellstalesofhisadventureswiththerichandfamous(迪特尔穿着价值7000美元的意大利西装,讲述着他与富人和名人的冒险故事),这里讲的迪特尔书中的内容,并不是社交技巧,故错误。因此C选项正确。

29.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第四段倒数第三句Dietlsaysthemostcommonlymissedsecretofnetworkingisstartingwiththehumantouch.(迪特尔说,最常被忽视的秘诀是人与人之间的人际交往从接触开始。),可知人际交往中最重要的是C选项“与人接触”,而不是D选项“保持联系”。B选项“建立友谊”:根据第三段第四句Youdoitforsheerfriendship.Andthenthegoodthingsjustcomeout.(你这么做纯粹是为了友谊。然后好事就会出现。),建立友谊有帮助,没有说到这是最重要的,故错误。A选项“继续去吃自助餐”:根据第四段第二句topracticalpointerslike“keepgoingbacktothebuffet”(toincreasethenumberofcontactsatacrowdedevent)(还有一些实用的技巧,比如“继续去吃自助餐”,在拥挤的场合增加联系人的数量),吃自助餐没有说是最重要的,故错误。因此C选项正确。

30.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文讲述社交技巧,通过营造愉快的氛围从而促成情感信任,所以D选项“美好时光和欢乐笑声”正确。A选项“与富人和名人的冒险”,B选项“接受的帮助”和C选项“午餐的相遇”是文章的部分内容,不足以概括全文,故错误。因此D选项正确。

9.不定项选择题

Afewyearsagoayoungmotherwatchedherhusbanddiaper(给……换尿布)theirfirstbornson,“Youdonothavetobeunhappyaboutit,”sheprotested.“Youcantalktohimandsmilealittle.”Thefather,whohappenedtobeapsychologist,answeredfirmly,“Hehasnothingtosaytome,andIhavenothingtosaytohim.”

Psychologistnowknowhowwrongthatfatherwas.Fromthemomentofbirth,ababyhasagreatdealtosaytohisparents,andtheytohim.Butadecadeorsoago,theseexpertsweredescribingthenewbornasaprimitivecreaturewhoreactedonlybyreflex,ahelplessvictimofitsenvironmentwithoutcapacitytoinfluenceit.Andmothersacceptedthetruth.Mostthought(andsomestilldo)thatanewinfantcouldseeonlyblurry(模糊的)shadows,thathisothersenseswereundeveloped,andthatallherequiredwasnourishment,cleandiapers,andawarmbassinet.

Todayuniversitylaboratoriesacrossthecountryarestudyingnewbornsintheirfirstmonthoflife.Asaresult,psychologistsnowdescribethenewbabyasperceptive,withremarkablelearningabilitiesandanevenmoreremarkablecapacitytoshapehisorherenvironmentincludingtheattitudesandactionsofhisparents.Someresearchersbelievethattheneonatalperiodmayevenbethemostsignificantfourweeksinanentirelifetime.

Farfrombeinghelpless,thenewbornknowswhathelikesandrejectswhathedoesn’t.Heshutoutunpleasantsensationsbyclosinghiseyesoravertinghisface.Heisagluttonfornovelty.Heprefersanimatethingsoverinanimateandlikespeoplemorethananything.

Whenamorenineminutesout,aninfantprefersahumanfacetoahead-shapedoutline.Hemakesthechoicedespitethefactthat,withdeliveryroomattendantsmaskedandgowned,hehasneverseenahumanfacebefore.Bythetimehe’stwelvehoursold,hisentirebodymovesinprecisesynchronic(同时发生)tothesoundofahumanvoice,asifheweredancing.Anon-humansound,suchasatappingnoise,bringsnosuchresponse.

1.Theauthorpointsoutthatthefatherdiaperinghisfirst-bornsonwaswrongbecause().

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

3.Whatdoesthesentence“Heisagluttonfornovelty”probablymean?

4.Accordingtothepassage,it’sgroundlesstothinkthatnewbornsprefer().

5.Whatisthepassagemainlydiscussingabout?

问题1选项

A.hebelievedthebabywasnotabletohearhim

B.hethoughtthebabydidn’thavethepowerofspeech

C.hewasapsychologistunworthyofhisprofession

D.hethoughtthebabywasnotcapableofanyresponse

问题2选项

A.Anewinfantcanseeonlyblurryshadows.

B.Anewinfant’ssensesareundeveloped.

C.Allanewinfantrequiresisnourishment,cleandiapers,andawarmbassinet.

D.Anewinfantisactuallyabletoinfluencehisorherenvironment.

问题3选项

A.Thenewbornisgreedyfornewfood.

B.Thenewborntendstoovereat.

C.Thenewbornalwayslovesthingsthatarenewtohim.

D.Thenewborn’sappetiteisaconstanttopicinnovels.

问题4选项

A.ahumanfacetoahead-shapedoutline

B.animatethingstoinanimateones

C.humanvoicetonon-humansounds

D.nourishmenttoawarmbassinet

问题5选项

A.Whatpeopleknowaboutnewborns.

B.Howwrongparentsarewhentheyhandletheirbabies.

C.Howmuchnewbornshaveprogressedinaboutadecade’stime.

D.Whythefirstmonthoflifeisthemostsignificantfourweeksinalifetime.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。联系上下文可知这位父亲是个心理学家,而大约十年前,心理学家认为新生儿只是aprimitivecreaturewhoreactedonlybyreflex,ahelplessvictimofitsenvironmentwithoutcapacitytoinfluenceit(一种仅凭反射做出反应的原始生物,是无力影响其生存环境的无助受害者),而如今他们已经认识到了这种观点是错误的,结合这位父亲的话“他没什么对我说的”可知他当时也是坚持这种错误观点,因此D选项“他认为婴儿没有能力做出任何回应”符合题意。

第2题:事实细节题。由第三段第二句中的psychologistsnowdescribethenewbabyasperceptive,withremarkablelearningabilitiesandanevenmoreremarkablecapacitytoshapehisorherenvironmentincludingtheattitudesandactionsofhisparents(心理学家现在把新生婴儿的形象描述为有洞察力,有非凡的学习能力,甚至有卓越的塑造其生活环境的能力,包括他父母的态度和行为)可知D选项“一个新生婴儿实际上能够影响其生活环境”符合题意。

第3题:语义推测题。由下文Heprefersanimatethingsoverinanimateandlikespeoplemorethananything(他喜欢有生命的东西胜过无生命的东西,喜欢人胜过一切)可推测Heisagluttonfornovelty表达的并非仅仅与“吃”有关,而是新生儿对新鲜事物的浓厚兴趣,因此C选项“新生儿总是喜欢新鲜的事物”符合题意。

第4题:事实细节题。需注意题干中的groundless(无理由的),因此要找出不符合文意的选项。由第四段最后一句Heprefersanimatethingsoverinanimateandlikespeoplemorethananything(他喜欢有生命的东西胜过无生命的东西,喜欢人胜过一切)可排除B选项;由第五段第一句中的aninfantprefersahumanfacetoahead-shapedoutline(婴儿更喜欢人的脸,而不是头型的轮廓)可排除A选项;由第五段第三句中的hisentirebodymovesinprecisesynchronictothesoundofahumanvoice,asifheweredancing(他的整个身体精确地随着人类的声音同步移动,就好像他在跳舞)和第四句Anon-humansound,suchasatappingnoise,bringsnosuchresponse(而非人类的声音,比如敲打声,则不会产生这种反应)可推断出婴儿更喜欢人类的声音,因此C选项可以排除,所以D选项为正确答案。

第5题:主旨大意题。本文介绍了过去心理学家对婴儿的错误认识,以及现在的正确认识,因此A选项“人们对新生儿的了解”符合题意。

10.翻译题

PutthefollowingChineseintoEnglish.

网络用户、网络服务提供者利用网络侵害他人民事权益或者利益的,应当承担侵权责任。

公法调整和规范自然人、法人和国家之间的关系,它包括行政法规、刑法以及其他涉及公共秩序的法律。

合同是当事人之间设立、变更、终民事关系的协议;依法成立的合同,受法律保护。

物权的取得和行使,应当遵守法律,尊重社会公德,不得损害公共利益和他人合法权益。

人民法院审理案件,对于侵犯著作权或者与著作权有关的权利的,可以没收违法所得、侵权复制品以及进行违法活动的财物。

【答案】Networkusersandnetworkserviceproviderswhoinfringeuponthecivilrightsorinterestsofothersvianetworkshallbearthetortliability.

Publiclawadjustsandregulatestherelationshipamongnaturalpersons,legalpersonsandthestate.Itincludesadministrativeregulations,criminallawsandotherlawsrelatedtopublicorder.

Acontractisanagreementbetweenthepartiestoestablish,changeorterminateacivilrelationship.Acontractestablishedinaccordancewiththelawshallbeprotectedbylaw.

Theacquisitionandexerciseofpropertyrightsshallabidebythelaw,respectsocialmoralityandnotdamagepublicinterestsandlegitimaterightsandinterestsofothers.

Forthosecasesthatinfringeoncopyrightorrelativerights.People'sCourtcanconfiscateillegalproceeds,infringingcopiesandpropertiesforillegalactivitieswhentryingacase.

11.单选题

LouisBrailledesignedaformofcommunication[A]enablingpeople[B]toconveyandpreservetheirthoughts[C]toincorporateaseriesofdotswhich[D]werereadbythefingertips.

问题1选项

A.enabling

B.toconvey

C.toincorporate

D.wereread

【答案】C

【解析】【答案】C

【考查点】介词的用法。

【解题思路】根据句子意思“……通过将指尖读出来的一系列点组合在一起,使人们能够传达和保存自己的思想”可知,incorporateaseriesofdotswhichwerereadbythefingertips表示方式状语,因此应选择介词by,故本题正确答案为将C选项改为byincorporating。

【句意】路易斯˙布莱叶设计了一种交流形式,通过将指尖读出来的一系列点组合在一起,使人们能够传达和保存自己的思想。

12.填空题

Thechemical()(fertile)iswidelyusedintheruralarea.

【答案】fertilizer

【解析】放在形容词后,故用名词形式。

13.单选题

Manycountrieshaveadoptedsystemsof()educationinordertopromotetheaveragelevelofeducation.

问题1选项

A.constrained

B.compulsory

C.cardinal

D.conventional

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项constrained“强迫的,过于受约束的”,例如:aconstrainedconfession(逼供、被迫招供),constrainedemotions(受压抑的感情);B选项compulsory“义务的,必修的”,例如:compulsorymeasures(强迫手段),compulsoryservicesystem(义务兵役制);C选项cardinal“主要的,基本的”,例句:RespectforlifeisacardinalprincipleofEnglishlaw.(尊重生命是英国法律最重要的原则);D选项conventional“传统的,惯例的”,例句:Thechairmanmadeafewconventionalremarks.(主席说了几句客套话。)。句意:为了提高平均教育水平,许多国家都采用了义务教育制度。由选项意思和句意可知,B选项符合句意。

14.单选题

Theyaretryingtokeepupasfederalresearchbudgetsarebarely(

)inflationandindustryispullingbackoninvestmentsinpureresearch.

问题1选项

A.composedof

B.channeledto

C.makingup

D.keepingpacewith

【答案】D

【解析】词组辨析题。composeof“由……组成”;channelto“传递,输送,引导”;makeup“组成,补足,化妆,编造,弥补”;keeppacewith“并驾齐驱,保持同步”。由句中“Theyaretryingtokeepup他们正试图去维持”确定空格所在句句意是“由于联邦研究预算几乎不能与通货膨胀保持同步”,D选项正确。

15.单选题

Itisfrequentlyassumedthatthemechanizationofworkhasarevolutionaryeffectonthelivesofthepeoplewhooperatethenewmachinesandonthesocietyinto'whichthemachineshasbeenintroduceD.Forexample,ithasbeensuggestedthattheemploymentofwomeninindustrytookthemoutofthehousehold,theirtraditionalsphere,andfundamentallyalteredtheirpositioninsociety.Inthenineteenthcentury,whenwomenbegantoenterfactories,JulesSimon,aFrenchpolitician,warnedthatbydoingso,womenwouldgiveuptheirfemininity.FriedrichEngels,however,predictedthatwomenwouldbeliberatedfromthe"social,legal,andeconomicsubordination"ofthefamilybytechnologicaldevelopmentsthatmadepossibletherecruitmentof"thewholefemalesexintopublicindustry."Observersthusdifferedconcerningthesocialdesirabilityofmechanization'seffects,buttheyagreedthatitwouldtransformwomen'slives.

Historians,particularlythoseinvestigatingthehistoryofwomen,nowseriouslyquestionthisassumptionoftransformingpower.Theyconcludethatsuchdramatictechnologicalinnovationsasthespinningjenny,thesewingmachine,thetypewriter,andthevacuumcleanerhavenotresultedinequallydramaticsocialchangesinwomen'seconomicpositionorintheprevailingevaluationofwomen'swork.TheemploymentofyoungwomenintextilemillsduringtheIndustrialRevolutionwaslargelyanextensionofanolderpatternofemploymentofyoung,singlewomenasdomestics.Itwasnotthechangeinofficetechnology,butratherthese

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