《新视野大学英语》第一册教学教案

《新视野大学英语》第一册教案UnitOne:SectionA—LearningAForeignLanguageObjectives（目标Thestudentsarerequiredtohaveagoodknowledgeofthemainidea,agoodcommandofthecorewords,expressionsandstructures,learntofindoutthemeaningsofunfamiliarwords.KeyPoints（重点）:Comprehensionofthetext;Corewords,expressionsandstructures.Difficulties（难点）:SentencesbeyondcomprehensionApproach（A&）:InteractionProcedures（步31）:WordStudy,90minutesSentencesbeyondcomprehension,90minutesComprehensionofthetext,90minutesExercises,90minutesStepOne:WordStudyInoroutofclass,thestudentsarerequiredtotellthederivativesorsynonymsofsomewordsandmakesentenceswithsomecollocations.Derivatives（派生词）rewardrewardingfrustrate—frustrating—frustrated—frustration加一like-alike一!ikely一!ikelihood一!ikewisecommunication—ommunicatecommitment——commitassignmentassignembarrass-embarrassing-embarrassedembarrassmentcontinualontinually—ontinue--continuous—continuityfavorite--favor—favorable以下派生词出现在课文里:eagerly—eager—eagerness;teacher—teach;quickly—quick;incorrect--correct-incorrectly;whenever--when,wonderful一wonder;conversation--converse;unforgettable—forgettable—forget;friendship—friendSynonyms(同义词)reward-,award,medal,payment,prizefrustrate:defeat,depress,disappoint,discourage,dismay,fail,smashpositive:certain;definite;sure;active;practical;absoluteformer:prior;previous;preceding;intimidate:threatenopportunity:access;chance;occasion;shotmedium:average;mean;middle;moderateaccess:right;means;way;participate(in):attend;campaign;engage(in);enter(into);go(infor);go(into);go(to);join;play;racevirtual:actual;concrete;effective;essential;substantial;commitment:devotion;dedication;promise;assignment:work;job;task;exercisecontinual:continuousreap:achieve;acquire;attain;derive;earn;gain;get;obtain;secure;winbenefit:advantage;gain;good;income;interest;profit;receipts;returns;revenue;yieldcommunicate:exchange;share;beam;cable;carry;conduct;convey;diffuse;deliver;hand;propagate;radio;relay;spread;sweep;transmit;transport;transfergap:difference;divide;division;gulfCollocations(搭配)rewardEg.Hereceivedamedalinrewardforhisbravery.因表现勇敢他获得了一枚奖章厂tore叩/"へ灰one'sjustreward获得应有的报酬Onerewardofmyjobismeetingpeople.我工作的报酬之一就是结识了很多人。AS1000rewardhasbeenofferedforthereturnofthestolenpaintings悬赏1000美圆寻找失窃的画。torewardsh.forsth./doinssth.Isthishowyourewardmeformyhelp?你就这样报答我对你的帮助吗?towm/Wsb.withsthSherewardedhimwithasmile.她向他报之一笑。juniorEg.Heisseveralyearsjuniortome.他比我小几岁。seniorEg.He虫tenyearsseniortome,她比我大10岁。Sheisseniortome,sinceshejoinedthefirmbeforeme.她比我资格老,因为她比我先加入公司。positiveEg.Areyoupositivethathehasstolenthemoney?你肯定他偷了钱?Shewasquitepositiveabouttheanswertothequestion他对这个问题的答案丽把握。Trytobemorepositiveindealingwiththeproblem.对解决这个问题再积极些。fintimidateEosth./doingsth.Therobberintimidatedthewitnessintosilence.那个强盗威胁目击者,要他嘴闭紧点儿。opportunityEg.create/find/get/haveanopportMuityforsth./do说gsth./todoWh.创造Z寻找/得到/有机会ThatwasthesituationuntilacoupleofyearslaterwhenIwasofferedanopportimit、、tostud、、Englishthroughanonlinecourse.这种情况持续了两年。两年后我得到了网上学习英语的机会ー(NHCEBook1P.3,L.27)taketheopportunitytodosth./ofsth,趁此机会accessEg.Theonlyaccesstothefarmhouseisacrossthefields.要到那个农舍去只有穿过田地。Studentsmusthaveaccesstoagoodlibrary.学生们必须有个好图书馆(使用)。Onlyhighofficials/inveacceZothepresident.只有高级官员能接触总统。一Isoontjotaccesstothenecessaryequipment.(NHCEBook1P.3,L.29)很快,我有了这种必需的设备。participateEg.SeeNHCEBook1,P.3,L.31commitmentEg.Ourcompanyhasacommitmemtoequalpayandopportunities.nnSi公司承诺给员エ提供平等的报酬和机会。ThereisagrowingcommitmenttofinhtDovertv.越来越多的人承诺同贫困作斗争。Volunteersmustmakeacommitmentoffburhoursaweek.自愿者必须保证每周工作4小时。Ouremployees'commitmenttotheirworkshowsintheirhighqualityoutput.我们的员エ的敬业精神体现在高质量的产品上。benefitEg.(I)toget/reapbenefitfromsth.Shedidn't炉muchbenefitfromherstayabroad.她生活在国外，没有得到什么好处。(2)tohavethebenefitofsth.Fvehadthebenefitofagoodeducation.我彳导益TT艮好的教育。(3)withthebenefitofsth.Wilhthebenefitofmodemtechnology,thesoftwaredivisionexpectstoachieveitssaletargetsthisyear.借助现代技术,软件部预计能够完成今年的销售指标。tobeofbenefittosh./sth.Thenewregulationswillbeofgreatbenefittousall.新规章制度对大家都有好处。tohetoone'sbenefitThechangeinthelawwouldbetoeveryone'sbenefit.本法的这一改变符合每个人的利益。tobenefitby/fromWhoislikelytobenefhmost如/fromthenewlaxlaw?谁可能从新税法中受益最多?gapEg.SeeNHCEP.4,L.57Expressionsinthetextwiththelinenumberinthebracket(notincludingthoseonP.6-7):foreignlanguage(1)タト语;juniormiddleschool(4)初级中学;seniormiddleschool(9)高级中学;totakeaclass(5)±课;becauseof⑸因为;worryabout⑺担心;makeamistake(8)犯错误;atthetopofaclass(8)在班上名列前茅;tobeeagertodosth.(9)渴望;10bedifferentfrom(10)与...不同;tobepatientwithsb./sth.(11)对...有耐心;topointastickatsb./sth.(13)用棍子指着;toloseone'sjoyindoingsth./sth.(15)失去兴趣;toloseone'seagernesstodosth(15)失去热情;toloseone'sdesiretodosth(16)失去欲望;(注意:以上三个短语都表示"不想做某事")toberequiredIodosth(19)需要;必须tobeabletodosth(22)能/有能力;tobeafraidtodosth(26)害怕;tostayatIhesamelevel(26);停留在原有水平tobeofferedanopportunitytodosth(27)有机会;onlinecourse(28)网上课程;tolearnsth.fromsb.(30)向...学习…;—virtualclassroom(31)虚拟课堂;onlinelearning(32)网上学习;regularclassroomstudy(32)常规课堂;theflow/pace/step/rate/progress/scheduleofthecourse(33)课程逬度;tomeetthestandards(34)达到标准;tosetstandards(34)确定/制定/设定标准;tocompleteassignments(35)完成任务/作业;ontime(35)准时;allthetime(36)一直/始终;aswellas(37)以及/除了;onceinawhile(38)有时;outof(38)因为/由于;Mymindwasopenedto.../toopenone'smindto...(50)乐于接受;communicatewith(52)与...交流/沟通;participatein(54)参加;tostareintospace(55)两眼望青天/茫然不知謗措;makefriends(56)交朋友;tobridgethegapbetween...(57)弥合...之间的鸿沟Step2:SentencesbeyondcomprehensionBeforetheteacher'sexplanation,thestudentsareaskedtotellthemeaningofthefollowingsentencesinEnglishorChinese.)Learningaforeignlanguavewas...(L.1一2)Note:V-ingphrasecanbeusedasasubject,partofapredicate,predicative,objectofaverborapreposition,complementandanadverbial,attributive.PickouttheV-ingphrasesinthetextandtellitspartofspeech.V-ing短语可用做主语、部分谓语、表语、动词或介词宾语、补语、状语和定语。找出文中V-ing短语并说明其成分。Myexperiencewithlearningaforeignlanguagebeganinjuniormiddleschool,h加〃!lookmyfirstEnglishclass.(L.4一5)ThatwasthesituationuntilacoupleofyearslatertvhenIwasofferedanopportunitytostudyEnglishthroughanonlinecourse.(L.27-28)Note:Inthesetwosentences,theword"when"isarelativeadverb.Inthefirstsentence,Mwhen"means"injuniormiddleschooF',inthe2nd,acoupleofyearslater.3.1)Ihadakindandpatientteacherwhooftenpraisedallofthestudents.(L.5-6)hadakindandpatientteacher,andheusedtopraiseallofthestudents.老师很和蔼,很耐心,经常表扬学生。...mynewteacherquicklypunishedthosewhogaveincorrectanswers.(L.12) myteacherwouldpunishthosestudentsif/whentheygaveincorrectanswers.要是有谁回答错了,老师就马上惩罚他。...InoticedthereweremanystudentswhospokemuchbetterthanIdid,(L.23-24)我注意到(有)很多同学比我讲得好 1noticedthatmanystudentsspokemuchbetterthanIdid.Ididn'tfeelintimidatedbystudentswhospokefasterthanIdid...(L.39-40)很多同学比我讲得快,但我并不因此而害怕。 1didnotfeelintimidatedbecausestudentsspokefasterthanIdid.注意:狂语句中"who"所引导的从句,请分析它在逻辑上与主句的关系。4.Whilemyfbnnerteacherhadbeenpatientwithallofthestudents,mynewteacherquicklypunishedthosewhogaveincorrectanswers,(L.l1)ー以前,老师对学生很耐心，应新老师则动辄惩罚那些答错的学生。Idrinkblackcoffeewhileheprefersitwithcream.——我喜欢喝清咖际「袞他则喜欢加点儿奶油。(SeeP.l1ExerciseVI)Hefellasleepwhile(hewas)doinghishomework.他做作业时睡着了。WhileMarrywaswritingaletter,thechildrenwereplayingoutside.P顾写钢骸子｛门在外边玩。WhileIadmitthereareproblems,Idon'tagreethattheycannotbesolved.(虽然)我承认有不少难题,坦是我不认为这些问题不能解决。5.1)Wheneverweansweredincorrectly,shepointedastickatusandshouted'TMo!No!No!"(L.13)2)I,dliketoseeyouwheneveritisconvenient.Note:Inthe1stsentence,"whenever"meansMeverytime”(每当)，inthe2nd,"atanytime"(在任何时候).Itdidn'ttakemelongtolosemyeagernesstoanswerquestions,(L.14)不久,我便再也不想回答问题了。PutthefollowingintoEnglish:Q)没多久他就作完了作业《.(2)不久她就清醒了Moreexamples:Ittookherthreehourstomendherbike.Ittookushalfanhourtogetthere.cNotrdidIlosemyjoyinansweringquestions,butIalsolostmydesiretosayanythingatallinEnglish.(L.15-16)Noto,illdidlearning(mother/a〃即qgeteachmethevalueofhardwork,butitalsogavemeinsightsintoanotherculture,../L.48-49)(SeeP.11ExerciseVI!)However,thatdidn'tlastlong.(L.18)这种情况没有持续多久。Note:Inthissentence,theword,*thal"referstoMthesituationmentionedabove".Asourclasseswereverylarge,Iwasonlyabletoansweracoupleofquestionsineachclassperiod.(L.22)因为91太大,所以每次课我只能回答几个问题。Note:Theword"as"canbeusedasaconjunction,leadingaclauseoftime,reason,comparison,concession,means,etc."As"可用作连接词，引导状语从句，表示时间、原因、ヒ匕较、让步、方式方法等。重要的是善于分析主句和从句之间在逻辑上的关系,不在于"as"究竟是什么意思。Itseemed(that)mvEnglishwasgoingtostayatthesamelevelforever.(L云性我的英语水平永远不会提高了。Moreexamples:Itseems(that)youareright..Itseems(that)youdon'thavemuchchoiceThatwasthesituationuntilacoupleofyearslater...(L.27)这种情况赢亍几年…Note:1)Inthissentence,"that"and"thesituation"bothmeansthesituationmentionedabove.2)until/till:一直持续到オ结束workedhardtomeetthestandardssethecourse...(L.34)Note;"setbythecourse",V-edphrase,attributive.V-ed短语可用做部分谓语、表语、补语、定语、状语。13.1carriedalittledictionarywithmeeyghrre/aswellasanotebookinwhichIlistedanynewwordsIheard.(L.36-37)—Nomatterwhere/whereverIwent.Iwouldcarryalittledictionaryaswellasanotebook,andIwouldlistthenewwordsinthenotebookassoonas1heardthem..Itookallthetime/needtothinkoutmyideaandwroteareplybeforepostingitonthescreen,(L.40) 1spentasmuchtimeasIneedthinkingoutmyidea...Note:1)Here,theword"took"means"spend";2)"1need",attributiveclause.15Icouldunderstandjustabouteverything/cameacross,andmostimportantly,IcouldsayanythingIwantedtoinEgish.(L.42-43)Note:1)Here,Tcameacross"andTwantedto"areattributiveclause.2)inEnglish16.Learningaforeignlanguagehasbeenamostfry彼experienceforme,_butonethatIwouldn'ttradeforanything.(L.47)Note:l)trying:annoyingordifficultinawaythatmakesyoufeelworried,tired,etc.令人难受的;恼人的：困难的:butone:butitisanexperiencethatIwouldn'ttradefbranything./butisinvaluable.StepThree:ComprehensionoftheTextQuestionsforstudentstoanswer(theanswershouldbeasshortaspossible)Whatisthewriter'sexperienceoflearningaforeignlanguage?Howdidthewriterdo/performinjuniormiddleschool?Andwhy?Whatisthewriter'sperformanceinseniormiddleschool?Why?"ItseemedmyEnglishwasgoingtostayatthesamelevelforever."Why?Whatdoesonlinelearningrequire?HowdidthewriterstudyEnglishthroughanonlinecourse?Andwhatwastheeffect?Asummaryofthetext:Learningaforeignlanguagewasoneofthemostdifficultyetmostrewardingexperienceinmylife.IbegantostudyEnglishinjuniormiddleschoolwhenIwasatthetopofmyclassfortwoyearsbecauseofmyteacher'spositivemethod.When1wenttoseniormiddleschool,itdidn'ttakemelongtolosemyeagernesstoanswerquestionsandtosayanythingata〃inEnglishbecausemynewteacherquicklypunishthosewhogaveincorrectanswers.WhenIwenttocollege,thesituationwasfarfromperfectalthoughmyteacherwaskindandpatientwithallthestudents.TheclassesweresolargeMmwehadlittlechancetospeakinclass.ThesimmionlasteduntilacoupleofyearslaterwhenIwasofferedanoD-ortimitytostudyEnglishthroughanonlinecourse.Isoongotaccesstoacommunicationmedium.Besides,onlinelearningrequirescommitmentanddisciplinetokeepupwiththeflowofthecourse..IDarticipateinthevirtualclassroom,workedhardtomeettheminimumstandardssetbythecourse.Eventually,Ireapedthebenefitsofallmyhardwork.StepFour:ExerciseV(P.10),VIII(P.12),X(P,13)UnitThree:AGoodHearttoLeanonObjectives:Thestudentsarerequiredtohaveagoodknowledgeofthemainidea,agoodcommandofthecorewords,expressionsandstructures,learntoreadforthekeyideainasentence.Keypoints:Comprehensionofthetext,corewords,expressionsandstructuresDif.Points:SentencesbeyondcomprehensionApproach:InteractionProcedures:StepOne—WordStudy90min.StepTwo一Sentencesbeyondcomprehension90min.StepThreeomprehensionofthetext90min.StepFour-Exercises90minStepOne:WordStudyDerivativessevere--severelycripple-cnppiedinward-inwardlyimpatientpatientcomplaint—complainown--ownerprecise——preciselyengageengagementknowledgeable--knowledge--knowaidunaidedreluctance--reluctantunworthy—worthy—worthenvy——envious以下是出现在课文里的派生词embarrassedmbarrassunwanted—wanted--wantimpossiblepossibleenterentranceamaze--amazed--amazingfrustration—frustrate--frustrated—frustratingSynonymslean(on):depend(on/upon),rely(on),rest(on),bargain(on/fbr),count(on/upon),fall(backon),look(to),cling(to)trust(in/to);#FormatImgID_0#severe:bad,critical,gross,grave,heavy,intense,solemn,sharp,smart,terrible,stem,grim,harsh,fierce,sore,violent;coordinate:concert,integrate,harmonize,tune;halt:arrest,breakoff,gooff,cut,cease.in,pause,quit,rest,stay,stop,suspend,terminate;pace:rate,rhythm,speed;nasty:恶劣的bad,dirty,harsh,wicked,mean,horrible.disgusting,unpleasant;伽〉.•坚持adhereto,assert,bearup,holdsto,holdout,hold#FormatImgID_l##FormatImgID_2#on,hangon,insiston,persistin,perseverein.at/by;amaze:使惊奇,使惊愕alann,amaze,appall,astonish,frighten,horrify,panic,scare,shock,start,startle,takeaback,terrify,throw;subject:experience,have,inflict,receive,suffer.undergo;stress:紧张，忧虑intense,nervous,strain,tense,tension,worry;#FormatImgID_3##FormatImgID_4#重要，性import,importance,significance,magnitude,meaning,weight;压カpress,pressure;强调,重视emphasize,value,appreciate,respect,regard,treasure.pointof,payattentionto;complaint:意见advice,comment,ideajudgement,opinion,say,sentiment,suggestion,theory,thinking;envy'.妒忌，羡慕admire;precise精确的，明确的,准确的,确切的accurate,clear,definite,distinct,exact,explicit,express,pinpoint,positive,true;engage:参力口，参与attend,enter,campaignjoin,participate.play,race,takepartin,beinvolvedin,goinfor,goto;occasion:时机,机会access,chance,hearing,moment,odd,opportunity,scope,time;content.使满意,使满足:满意,满足:满意的,满足的fill,fulfill,meet,satisfy,serve,supply,happy,pleased;aid:救助,援助,帮助assist,avail,deliver,hand,help,rescue,salvage,save,sponsor,subscribe,support,urge:1）愿望,欲望ambition,aspiration,desire,hope,wish;2）主弓Kadvocate,assert,claim,contend,favor,hold,insist,maintain,stand,submit;3）促使，催促fbrce,compel,enforce,oblige,press,reduce,prompt,spur,hurry,push,rush;3）激励（鼓励advance,accelerate,arouse,boost,excite.#FormatImgID_5##FormatImgID_6##FormatImgID_7##FormatImgID_8#Collocations:leanEg.Theoldmanlentupon/onhisstick.那个老人靠拐杖走路。Theworkmenlenttheirshovelsagainstthefenceandwenttolunch.工人イ门把锹往篱笆上一靠就去吃午饭去了0Iftheydon'tpaysoon,we'llhavetoleanonthemalittle.如果他们不立即付款,我们就得给他们施加点压カ了。Studentsleanontheirinstructorsforguidance.学生离不开老师的指导。balanceEg.Trytoachieveabetterbalancebetweenworkandplay,争取把工作和娱乐更好地结合起来。Thenewspapermaintainsagoodbalanceinitspresentationofdifferentopinions.这家报纸在刊登不同意见时总是不偏不倚。AllpartsofthebuildingareinperfectbaIanee.这座建筑各部分都非常匀称。Thefutureoftheprojectisinthebalance.这个项目的未来还悬而未决。I>vascaughtoffbalancebythesuddenwindandnearlyfell.突然一阵风把我吹得东摇西晃险些摔倒。Despitesomefailures,ourfirmhashadaquitegoodyearonbalance.我イ门公司虽然有些不足之处,但总的来看这一年还是相当不错的。paceEgItisimportantfbrafirmtokeeppacewithchangesinthemarket.对于一个公司来说,跟上市场的变化是重要的。Thecompanyissettingthepaceinthehomecomputermarket.这家公司在国内计算机市场上是领军者。adjustEg.Adjustingtothetropicheatwasmoredifficultthantheyhadexpected.适应热带高温比他预料的难得多。Whereveryougoyouhavetoadjustyourselftothelocalcustom.不管至リ什么地方都要适应当地曲风俗习惯。clingEg.Theyclungtoeachotherastheysaidgoodbye.他们告另!］时紧紧拥抱在一起。Sheclungtothehopethathewasstillalive.她一直抱着希望:他依然活着。Thesmellofsmokeclingstohisclotheforalongtime.他的衣服上长时间都有一股烟味。Smallchildrenclingtotheirmothers.小孩子总离不开贋亲。SubjectEg.AncientRomesubjectedmostofEuropetoitsrule.古罗马曾征服过欧洲大部分。Shewassubjectedtotorture.她经受过折磨。WhenIthinkofitnow,Iamamazedathowmuchcourageitmusthavetakenfbragrownmantosubjecthimselftosuchshameandstress.现在回想起来,我不仅惊叹:一个成年人蒙受这样的羞辱,承受这样的压カ需要多大的勇气啊!stressEg.Helaysgreatstressonpunctuality.他ヨE常重视守时。Thereisnotenoughstressoneducationqualityattheschool.这所学校不太重视教育质量。complaintEg.Ihaveanumberofcomplaintsaboutthehotel.我对这家旅馆有几点E、见。Shelodgedacomplaintaboutthenoise.她对噪音问题提出投诉。Wehavereceivedalotofcomplaintsofbadworkmanshipoftheproduct.我们收到了很多投宿,说这个产品工艺低劣。envyEg.Hecouldn'tconcealhisenvyofme/atmysuccess.他掩蓄不住对我的/我的成功的妒忌。engageEg.Hewasengagedasaninterpreter.他应聘当译员。Iengagedhiminconversation.翔上他参カロ谈诂。Ihavenotimetoengageingossip.我没有时间参加闲聊。occasionEg.onone/thepresent/lastoccasion有・一・沈Z君次/上〜・次;onoccasion有时;ontheoccasionof在...时contentEg.AreYoucontentwithyourpresentsalary?你对现在的薪水满意吗?Heiscontenttostayinhispresentjob.他对现在工作很满足/满意。complainEg.Shecomplainedtomeabouthisrudeness.她对我说他太粗鲁。Thepatientiscomplainingofacuteheadache.病人说头部居（］痛。ExpressionsintheTextgrowup;tobeembarrassedtodosth;leton;becauseof;startout;setthepace;adjustto;Hewenttoworksick,makeitto;evenif;Itwasamatterofpride.#FormatImgID_9#Itwasimpossiblefbrhimtowa汰.clingto;freeof;amazedat;#FormatImgID_10#tosubjectoneselftosth;totalkaboutoneself/sb.as;sth;lookfbr;eventhough;attimes;engagein;parlies;haveagoodtime;breakout;abeachparty;infrustration;takeadive;participatein;onleave;seetoitthat;tobegone;complainabout;tobeenviousof;StepTwo:SentencesbeyondComprehensionAGoodHearttoLeanonagoodheart:agoodman/amanwithagoodhearttoleanon:tobeleanton/reliable/dependableNote:Infinitive（不定式）canbeusedasasubject（主语）,partofpredicate（部分谓语），predicative俵语），complement（补语），object（宾语）,adverbial（状语）andattributive（定语）.Inthetitle,theinfinitive**toleanon"isanattributive,itslogical（逻辑上的）objectis"agoodheart"anditslogicalsubjectis...当不定式与被它修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系时,这个不定式可以是主动式或被动式;当用主动式时,其逻辑上的主语一般是"我"或"我们二在这个标题中,"toleanon',相当于,lwhoistobeleanton'X其中Misto"相当于"can",所以这个标题被翻译为:"一^可信赖的好心人。MorethanIrealized.Dadhashelpedmekeepmybalance.Note:Inthesubtitle（副标题），"morethan*'hasnegative（否定的）meaning.Moreexample:It'shermannerIdislike,morethanwhatsheactuallysays.我讨厌的是她的态度,而不是她说了什么。WhenIwasgrowingup,1wasembarrassedtobeseenwithmyfather.Note:Here,**tobeseenwithmyfather"isequalto"whenIwasseenwithmyfather",or"whenpeoplesawmewithmyfather"....andwhenwewalkedtogether,hishandonmyarmforbalance,peoplewouldstare.Note:Here,"hishandonmyarmfbrbalance"isanabsoluteconstructionmeaning**heputhishandonmyarmfbrbalance"Anotherexample:Ononeoccasionafightbrokeoutatabeachparty,witheveryonepunchingandshoving.wouldinwardlystruggleattheunwantedattention.Note:"struggle":feeluncomfortable（感到不安）；"attheunwantedattention":whenIsawpeoplestaringatus.Yousetthepace,Iwilltrytoadjusttoyou.Meaning:Yougoahead.I'lltrytokeepupwithyou.Ourusualwalkwastoorfromthesubwayonwhichhetraveledtowork.Meaning:Weusuallywa汰edtoorfromthesubway,forhetraveledtoworkonthesubway（hisofficebuildingwasonthesubway）.Note:"onwhichhetraveledtowork"isanadverbialattributiveclause（状化定语从句）,tellsuswhyweusuallywalkedtoorfromthesubway.Hewenttoworksick.他带病上班。Meaning:Hewentworkwhenhewassick/eventhoughhewassick.Moreexamples:Hecamehomedrunk.他醉Bl龍地回到家。Helefthomeasmallboyandcamebackagreatgeneral.他离家时是个小孩子,回来时是个大将军。Note:上列例句中中ick","drunk",**smallboy"and"greatgeneral"充当什么成分?语法家们有不同的说法。你有什么看法?看看三个例句的参考译文是否正确。...Itwasimpossibleforhimtowalk...Note:Thisisanimportantstructureinwhich"It"istheformalsubjectwhile**fbrhimtowalk"theactualsubject.Anotherexample:itmusthavetakenmuchcourageforagrownmantosubjecthimselftosuchshameandstress.Pleasefindmoreexamplesormakesentencesaftertheexample.Atsuchtimes,mysisteror1wouldpullhimthroughthestreetsofBrooklyn,N.Y.onachildwagonwithsteelrunnerstothesubwayentrance.Note:介词和它后而的名词结合构成介词短语。介词短语主要用做表语、定语、状语或补语。句中有6个介词短语,他们是:atsuchtimes,throughthestreets,ofBrooklyn,N.Y.onachildwagon,withsteelrunners,tothesubwayentrance.请说明他们所扮演的角色。另外"runners"是"金属或木制的条状滑行装置”,如雪橇上滑板及冰鞋上的冰刀,而不是"钢轮ニOncethere,hewouldclingtothehandrailuntilhereachedthelowerstepsthatthewarmertunnelairkeptfreeofice.Note:Theword"that"introducesanattributiveclause,butlogicallyittellsuswhy"hewouldclingtothehandrailuntilhereachedthelowersteps"....Iamamazedathowmuchcourageitmusthavetakenforagrownmantosubjecthimselftosuchshameandstress.Note:Inthesentence,"athowmuch..."showsthereasonwhyTamamazed".Andathowhedidit—withoutbitternessorcomplaints.Note:Here,before"athowhedidit","Iamamazed"isleftout;"didit"taketheplaceofAsubjecthimselftosuchshameandstress".Henevertalkedabouthimself