2020上教必修英语一Unit Ipresent continuous passive

UnitI,ourworldLifeinaday,II,grammar,presentcontinuouspassiveAm/is/are+being+pastparticiple,MyworkatUnicefChinaInternationalNation,national,international,Organization,organize,UnitednationsInterview,interviewer,intervieweeinterview美［'inter.vju］；英［'inte（r）.vju:］n.面试；访谈；面谈；会谈v.面谈；访问；对（某人）进行面试（或面版谈）；接受面试例句Hepacedupanddowninthedrawingroom,extremelyconcernedovertheresultoftheinterview.他在客厅里权来回踱步，对面试结果极为忧虑。2.I'llgetintouchwithyoutomorrowandinviteyouforaninterview,'Isaid.我将于明天和你们联系，邀请你们进行面试，我说。Reporter,report新闻客观报道Journalist，时事新闻评述Correspondent专项扌艮道记者SharewithGoal1、n.目标；球门，得bai分数；终点2、vi.攻门，射门得分英［gsul］美［goal］短语1、owngoal乌龙球;自进本方球门的球;踢入本方球门2、Goalsetting目标设定理论;目标设定;目标设置;工作目标设定3、goalarea小禁区;球门区;足球门区;球门区域4、AddGoal增加目标Makesure,makesure后可加That引导从句；makesureof后面只能加短语或词组。besure和makesure的区别besure+of/about+动名词或名词；besure+不定式,3.besure+宾语从句makesure表示“弄确实；核实；查证”.makesure常用于祈使句,后面常接that宾语从句或of介词短语.makesure是指弄清楚besure是指对...有把握besure表达肯定的意思，如Iamsureheisgoodatenglish,说我确定他英语很行makesure表达的意思则是不确定，而需要弄清楚，如makesurehisEnglsihisgood.去弄清楚他的英语是不是真的很行。besure确信,肯定接besureof（about）/todo/thatIcan'tbesure.makesurethat/of查明;设法确保,确定Youmustmakesureofthetimeandplace.Makesureatleasttwopeoplecanattend.。I'msure我肯定:I'msuresheisteacher.（sure［肯♦国］adj.对.…有把握，确信某事，稳当的，可靠的adv.的确，当然）besuretodo:一定能够,肯定语气比“must”强sure［肯◎国窒□③虫肯劭段窒□③］adj.对....有把握，确信某事，稳当的，可靠的adv.的确，当然Areyousure?你肯定吗?sure肯定besureof（对某件事情，名词做宾语）besuretodo（对某件事情动词有把握）besurethat（对某件事情，某人做某事有把握）IamsurethatIcandosth=Iamsureofsth=Iamsuretodosth.Iamsureofmysuccess./Iamsuretosucceed.IamsurethatIcansucceed.（besuccessful）Healthcare医学用词，医疗保健，卫生保健Doone'sbesttodosthImproveimprove意思：vt.改善；改进；提高vi.变得更好；改进一、读音：英［im'pru:v］；美［im'pru:v］二、例句：Heofferedasuggestiontoimprovetheplan.他提出一个建议,以改进那项计划。三、词汇用法：1、improve的基本意思为“改善，提高”，可指健康状况、环境、形势等，也可指具体事物，还可间或指人。强调部分地或某种程度上对客体加以修补改正，以提高到较高水平或使其更受欢迎。本词不用于坏的事物变好，也不用于变得十分完美，无以复加。2、improve用作及物动词时可接名词或代词作宾语，但不用于被动结构；用作不及物动词时主动形式常含有被动意义。Alargenumberofalargenumberof:不能加不可数名词anamountof+不可数：一大笔plentyof:前面是不加“a/an”,切记!alargenumberofpeople/agreatmanypeople大批的人Beintouchwithsb联络，联系某人Findout找出真相，找出非物质的因素Programmeprogrammen.1节目;节目单2计划;规划;大纲vt.计划,安排programn.程序vt.为（计算机）编制程序Currently,adv.现在，通常，当前Atpresent,now,Current,adj.现在的，流通的；n.趋势，水，电流Currentaffairs,时事Electriccurrent,电流Currency,流通中的货币，现钞Implementimplement英［'impliment］美［'impliment］n.工具；器具；当工具的物品vt.实施；执行；向...提供工具（或手段）基于不同专语境，其同义词属有：execute、perform和enforce等。“implementation”的意思是：［计］实现；履行；安装启用1、读音：英［,implimen'teijn］、美［」mplimen'teijn］2、词性：通常在句中用作名词。3、固定搭配:systemimplementation系统实现；trialimplementation试行4、例句：IfyouwanttolearnsomethingfromFinland,it'stheimplementationofideas.如果你想要向芬兰学习些什么，那就是这些理念的应用。Communitycommunity［英］［kB‘mju:nBti］［美］［kAmjuniti］n.社区；社会团体；共同体;［生态］群落；复数：communities例句:1.Ibelieveinthestrengthofcommunity.我相信社区的力量。2.Butencouragingindividualstoparticipateinsuchacommunityrequiresadeliberateeffort.但是要鼓回励人们参与这答么一个团体，也需要组织付出悉心的努力。Conferencenewsconference新闻发布会,记者招待会developdevelop英［di'vebp］美［di'vslsp］vi.发育；生长；进化；显露vt.开发du；zhi进步；使成长；使显影，［网络短语］Develop开发,发展,养成freelydevelop自由权生长developsoftware开发软件Severalplansarebeingdevelopedtoimproveschoolqualityinsmalltownsfarfromanybigcities.Left-behindchildren，留守儿童，本单元语法重点是：现在进行时的被动语态：第一部分：动词的语态及物动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。定义：主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。被动语态的构成被动语态最基本的句型结构是：be+及物动词过去分词.即bedone一般现在时：is/am/are+done

一般过去时:was/were+done现在进行时:is/am/are+being+done过去进行时:was/were+being+done一般将来时:will+be+done过去将来时:would+be+done现在完成时:have/has+been+done过去完成时:had+been+done情态动词can/may/must/need/could/would/should+be+done注意】1）主动语态变为被动语态要加“to”的情况以下动词变为被动语态时，要在其后加“to”。此类动词为感官动词，如：feel,hear,help,listento,lookat,make,observe,see,notice,watch等。例如：Theteachermademegooutoftheclassroom.Iwasmadetogo^utoftheclassroom(bytheteacher).Theymadehimcry.(主动语态)Hewasmade^Qcrybythem.(被动语态)主动形式表示被动意义如wash,clean,cut,read,wear,draw,write,sell等动词虽然用做主动形式却表示被动的意义。例如:Thepenwritessmoothly.Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.感官动词如feel，look，smell，taste，sound等直接跟形容词作表语。Thefoodtastesgood.want,need,require表示“需要”时，后接-ing表被动；Sth.want/need/requiretobedone=sth.want/need/requiredoingYourhairneedscutting=Yourhairneedtobecut你的头发需要被剪beworth+doingsth.值得被做...。Thebookisworthreading.第二部分：被动语态一、被动语态的基本形式

被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式，被动语态由be+过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：am/is/are+done(过去分词)一般现在时+被动语态Visitors(request)nottotouchtheexhibits.was/weredone一般过去时+被动语态I(give)tenminutestodecidewhichIshouldchoose.has/havebeendone现在完成时+被动语态Allthepreparations(complete).hadbeendone过去完成时+被动语态Bytheendoflastyear，anothernewgym(complete)inBeijing.am/is/aredeingdone现在进行时+被动语态Anewcinema(build)here．was/werebeingdone过去进行时+被动语态Ameeting(hold)whenIwasthere.shall/willbedone一般将来时+被动语态Hundredsofjobs(lose)ifthefactorycloses.should/wouldbedone过去将来时+被动语态Thenews(send)tothesoldier'smother.shall/willhavebeendone将来完成时+被动语态Theproject(complete)beforeJuly.should/wouldhavebeendone过去将来完成时+被动语态Hetoldmethathisnewclothes(make)verysoon.被动语态的特殊结构形式、带情态动词的被动结构：情态动词+be+done(过去分词)Thebabyshould(take)goodcareofbythebaby-sitter.、在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,等后面不定式作宾语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.?、非谓语动词的被动语态：being+done或tobe+doneIdon'tlike(laugh)atinthepublic.Idon'twant(laugh)atinthepublic.、Itissaidthat+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型“It+is/was+过去分词+that从句"或“主语+be+过去分词+todosth."。有:Itissaidthat...据说,Itisreportedthat...据报道,Itisbelievedthat...大家相信，Itishopedthat…大家希望，Itiswellknownthat…众所周知，Itisthoughtthat…大家认为，Itissuggestedthat.据建议。Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedtheexam./Theboyissaidtohavepassedtheexam.二、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1、英语中有很多动词如lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。Thiskindofclothwasheswell.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响试比较：Thedoorwon'tlock.(指门本身有毛病)Thedoorwon'tbelocked.(指不会有人来锁门，指“门没有锁"是人的原因)2、系动词没有被动形式,但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel,sound,taste,look，smell常以主动形式表示被动意义。Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.三、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义|1、在need，want，require等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。Thehouseneedsrepairing(toberepaired).这房子需要修理。2、形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading.(=Thepicture-bookisveryworthytoberead.)3、在too...to...结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。Thisbookistooexpensive(forme)tobuy.被动语态同步练习：()1.ItissaidthatanewrobotbyhiminafewdaysdesignedB.hasbeendesignedC.willbedesignedD.willhavebeendesigned()2.Shewillstopshowingoffifnonoticeofher.A.istakenB.takesC.willbetakenD.hastaken()3.DiamondinBrazilin1971.A.isfoundB.hasbeenfoundC.wasfoundD.hadbeenfound()4.“Haveyoumovedintothenewflat?”“Notyet.Theroom.”A.hasbeenpaintedB.ispaintedC.paintsD.isbeingpainted()5.MypicturesuntilnextFriday.A.won'tdevelopB.aren'tdevelopedC.don'tdevelopD.won'tbedeveloped()6.Timsincehelosthisjobthreeweeksago.A.hadbeenunemployedB.wasunemployedC.hasbeenunemployedD.hasunemployed()7.I'llpushthecartothesideoftheroadbecauseweifweleaveithere.A.wouldbefinedB.willbefinedC.willbeingfinedD.willhavebeenfined()8.IfoundabottledroppedonthefloorofDavid'sroom.wasB.hadC.hadbeenD.is()9.Yououghttohaveputthemilkintherefrigerator.Nowsour.IsmellB.itissmeltC.itsmellsD.itissmelling()10.Ithinkmuchattentionyourpronunciation.A.mustbepaidtoB.oughttobepaidC.mustpaytoD.shouldpaidto()11.Idon'trememberthechancetotrythismethod.A.havingbeengivenB.tohavebeengivenC.havinggivenD.tohavegiven()12.Theconstructionofthelabbytheendofnextmonth.A.mustbecompletingB.musthavebeencompletedC.willbecompletingD.willhavebeencompleted()13.Asweapproachedtheworksite,theworkerswereseenthenewhouse.A.buildingB.buildC.builtD.tobuild()14.Thecompositionanymore.A.neednottobecorrectedB.doesn'tneedtobecorrectedC.doesn'tneedbecorrectedD.neednotcorrect()15、ThePeople'sRepublicofChinaonOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.hasbeenfoundedD.wasfound参考答案:1-5CACDD6-10CBCCA11-15ADABB第三部分：现在进行时的被动语态一、现在进行时的被动语态的基本结构肯定式：am/is/are+being+doneAnotherbridgeisbeingbuiltovertheriveratpresent.目前江上正在建造另一座大桥。Wecan'ttakethisroadfortheroadisbeing,r我们i不能走这条路，因为这条路正在修建。否定式：am/is/are+not+being+doneAreyourclothesbeingwashedinthewashingmachine?你的衣服正在洗衣机里洗着吗？Theanimalsarenotbeingsetfreeatpresent.目前这些动物还不能被放出。疑问式：疑问词+am/is/are+(主语)+being+done?Whatisbeingdonetothemachine?现在对这台机器要采取什么措施？Howmanybuildingsarebeingbuiltinthetown?在这个城镇里有多少建筑物在建设？二、现在进行时的被动语态的用法表示说话时/此时此刻正在进行的被动性动作。Look!Thewaterisbeingturnedintosteam.瞧！水正在变成蒸汽。Heisbeinginterviewedbyourheadmasternow.他正在接受我们校长的采访。表示现阶段正在进行的被动的动作，但此动作不一定在此时此刻发生。Amodernschoolisbeingbuiltinourhometown.Thediseaseisbeingstudiedbyscientists.科学家们正在研究这种疾病。3.表示一种经常性的被动行为，常与always,constantly等副词连用，往往带有夸奖、羡慕、埋怨、讨厌等感情色彩。Heisalwaysbeingpraisedbytheteacher.他总是受到老师的表扬。Ifeelveryamazedthattheglassesofourlivingroomarefrequentlybeingbroken．我感到非常吃惊的是我们起居室的玻璃杯经常被打破。三、现在进行时的被动语态应注意的问题1.不可遗漏being。现在进行时的被动语态表示说话时正在进行的一个被动的动作，如果我们把being漏掉，即成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。Look!Thechildrenarebeingtakencareofbytheiraunt.瞧！那些孩子正由他们的姑妈照看着。(指现在正在被进行的情况)Childrenaretakengoodcareofatschool.孩子们在学校被照看得很好。(指通常情况)“be＋under/in等介词＋名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。Theproblemisunderdiscussion(isbeingdiscussed)atthemeeting.这个问题正在会上讨论。Thetelephoneisinuse(=isbeingused)now.这部电话正在使用中。像takecareof,lookafter,talkabout,thinkof等动词与介词构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时，其中的介词不可省略。Thequestionisbeingtalkedaboutinthemeetingroom.这个问题正在会议室里讨论。一些表示情况、状态或存在的动词(短语)(sell,become,wear,wash,happen,succeed，takeplace,takepartin,disappear等),没有现在进行时的被动语态。Thebooksellswell.这本书卖得很好。Footballislovedbymoreandmorepeople.足球被越来越多的人喜爱。注意不可忽视“现阶段”现在进行时的被动语态也可表示目前这一阶段正在进行的一个被动的动作。Manyinterestingexperimentsarebeingcarriedoutthesedays.如今许多有趣的实验正在被进行着。(说话时,并不一定在进行)巩固练习题一、单句语法填空We(kill)forthewoolbeneathourstomachs.Ourfur(use)tomakesweatersforpeoplelikeyou.Sogoodthings(do)heretosavelocalwildlife.Theschool(rebuild)elsewherewithabiggerandbettercampus.—What'sthatnoise?—Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine(test).Wecanhearthatthepapers(print)quicklyonthefastmovingprintingmachines.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar(repair)atthegarage.Listen!Theproject(discuss)atthemeetingnow.Look!Theforeignguests(show)aroundourschoolbyMr.Zhang.Thepatient(examine)now.Hewillcomeoutsoon.二、把下列句子变为被动语态。Nowheiswateringthetrees.—Wearepaintingourclassroomnow.—Somefactoriesarepollutingtherivers.—Peoplearenothuntingwildanimals.—Whyareyoucleaningthehouse?—三、用被动语态翻译下面句子1.熊猫正受到人们的保护。这个事件正受到更多的关注。这个学校正接受市长的检查。你知道你的眼睛正受到电脑的危害吗？看！越来越多的人正被你的话影响。一、单句语法填空1．arebeingkilled2．isbeingused3.arebeingdone4.isbeingrebuiltisbeingtested6.arebeingprinted7.isbeingrepaired8.isbeingdiscussed9.arebeingshown10.isbeingexamined二、把下列句子变为被动语态。Theboyisbeingtaught(byher).Ourclassroomisbeingpaintedbyusnow.Theriversarebeingpollutedbysomefactories.Wildanimalsarenotbeinghuntedbypeople/Whyisthehousebeingcleanedbyyou?三、用被动语态翻译下面句子Pandasarebeingprotectedbypeople.Moreattentionisbeingpaidtotheincident./Theincidentisbeingpaidmoreattentionto.Theschoolisbeinginspectedbythemayor.Doyouknowthatyoureyesarebeingharmedbythecomputer?Look!Moreandmorepeoplearebeingaffectedbyyourwords.第四部分：特殊形式的被动语态常考知识点总结整理01.情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词。如：Thebookcan'tbefound.那本书找不到。Watermustn'tbewasted.水绝不能被浪费。Shouldacommabeusedhere?这儿应该用逗号吗？Thebookneedn'tbereturnednow.书不必现在还。例题：Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemustfromthrowingdirtythingsintoit.stopbestoppedstoppedwasstopped【答案选B】stopsb.fromdoing"阻止某人做某事”，所以此题考查情态动词的被动语态。依题意，人们必须被阻止向河里扔脏东西”。02.双宾语动词的被动语态带有双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的句子变为被动语态时，只把一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语保留在动词之后,这种句子可以有两个被动句。如：Histeachergavehimabook.他的老师给了他一本书。这个句子的被动句为：Abookwasgiventohimbyhisteacher.或：Hewasgivenabookbyhisteacher.Sheshowedmehernewskirt.她给我看她的新裙子。这个句子的被动句为:Iwasshownhernewskirtbyher./Hernewskirtwasshowntomebyher.例题：AttheendofthemeetingMissGreentwominutestodecidewhethershecouldjointheprojectornot.gavehadgivenwasgivenwasgiving【答案选C】此题考查一般过去时态的被动语态。题意为“会议结束时，格林小姐有两分钟时间决定是否参加这个项目”。Alltheemployeesexceptthemanagertoworkonlineathome.encouragesencourageisencouragedareencouraged【答案选D】句子的主语是alltheemployees，所以谓语动词应当用复数；encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事,结合句意，显然应当用被动语态。句意：所有雇员（除经理之外）都被提倡在家在线工作。03.复合宾语的被动语态含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时，将宾语变成主语，宾语补足语仍保留在动词之后，成为主语补足语。如：WecallhimXiaoWang.我们叫他小王。（主动句）HewascalledXiaoWang.他被叫做小王。（被动句）Hepaintedthetablegreen.他把桌子漆成了绿色。（主动句）Thetablewaspaintedgreen.桌子被漆成了绿色。（被动句）Weaskedtheteachertoexplainthesentenceagain.我们要求老师把这个句子再解释一次。（主动句）Theteacherwasaskedtoexplainthesentenceagain.老师被要求把这个句子再解释一次。（被动句）Hefoundanoldmanlyingatthedoor.他发现一位老人躺在门口。（主动句）Anoldmanwasfoundlyingatthedoorbyhim.一位老人被他发现躺在门口。（被动句）注意：make,hear,see,watch,feel,let,have等动词在主动语态的句子中，其后作宾补的不定式一般不带to,但当用于被动句时，后面作主补的不定式必须带to。如：Hismothermadehimdohishomeworkagain.他妈妈让他把作业重写一次。（主动句）Hewasmadetodohishomeworkagainbyhismother.他被他妈妈要求把作业重写一次。（被动句）Shesawamangointotheroom.她看见一个男人走进屋里。（主动句）Amanwasseentogointotheroom.一个男人被看到走进屋里去了。（被动句）04.短语动词的被动语态一些相当于及物动词的短语动词也有被动语态形式。主要有以下几类：1）动词+介词。如：Theyhavetalkedaboutthismatterrecently.他们近来一直谈论这件事。（主动句）Thismatterhasbeentalkedaboutrecently.这件事近来一直被谈论着。（被动句）Wehaveneverheardofsuchathingbefore.我们从未听说过这样的事。（主动句）Suchathinghasneverbeenheardofbefore.这样的事从未被听说过。（被动句）Theylookedaftertheoldmancarefully.他们精心照顾那位老人。（主动句）Theoldmanwaslookedaftercarefullybythem.那位老人被他们精心照顾着。（被动句）例题：HowmagnificenttheBundlooksatnightwhenallthelightsare!turnedoverturnedoffturneddownturnedon【答案选D】turnonthelight“打开电灯”。此句用作被动语态。2）动词+副词。如：Theyputoffthesportsmeeting.他们把运动会推迟了。（主动句）Thesportsmeetingwasputoff.运动会被推迟了。（被动句）Theywillputonashortplayattheparty.他们要在晚会上演一个短剧。（主动句）Ashortplaywillbeputonbythemattheparty.一个短剧将要由他们在晚会上演出。（被动句）Wemustthinkoverwhathesaid.我们必须仔细思考他说的话。（主动句）Whathesaidmustbethoughtover.他说的话必须仔细思考。（被动句）3）其他动词短语。如：Wemustdoawaywithprivileges.我们必须取消特权。（主动句）Privilegesmustbedoneawaywith.特权必须取消。（被动句）Hisclassmatesoftenmakefunofhimforthis.他的同学常为这和他开玩笑。（主动句）Heisoftenmadefunofforthisbyhisclassmates.他常为此被他的同学开玩笑。（被动句）Weshouldpaymoreattentiontotheeducationofyoungpeople.我们应该更多地重视对年轻人的教育。（主动句）Moreattentionshouldbepaidtotheeducationofyoungpeople.年轻人的教育应该更多地受到重视。（被动句）05.get+过去分词的被动语态“get+过去分词”也可构成被动语态，这种结构的句子侧重于动作的结果而不是动作本身。如:Themangothurtonhiswayhome.那个男人在回家的路上受伤了。Maryisgoingtogetmarried.玛丽准备结婚了。Howdidtheglassgetbroken?杯子怎么破了？第五部分：被动语态知识点整理总结一、定义被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。二、构成英语被动语态基本构成公式：be+实义动词的过去分词A提示：只有实义动词中的及物动词才有被动语态的构成形式，不及物动词没有被动语态的构成形式三、常见被动语态一般现在时的被动am/is/are+done例如：Theflowersarewateredeveryweek.每周都浇花。一般过去时的被动was/were+done例如：Thehousewasbuilt100yearsago.这所房子建于100年前。A提示：表示出生（born）用一般过去时的被动，即was/wereborn.现在进行时的被动am/is/are+being+done例如：mycarisbeingrepaired.我的车正在被修理。过去进行时的被动was/were+beingdone一般将来时