英文字母及字母组合发音规律课件

常见的字母与字母组合发音规则1B常见的字母与字母组合发音规则1BⅠ元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则元音字母的发音2BⅠ元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则元音字母的发音2B（一）元音字母a

1.重读开音节[ei]late;make;lake;face2.重读闭音节[æ]bag;fat;cat;（*例外：any一些[e];many许多[e]）3.非重读音节[ə]或[i]即：[ə]——ChinaCanada[i]——village;orange

*连续相同的辅音（字母），一般只发一个音，而且归属后一个音节段。如上的village.3B（一）元音字母a

1.重读开音节[ei]late;4.在字母w或wh后面，发[ɔ:]what;want;(例外：water水[ɔ:])5.a在诸如-ance;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath;-aph;-af;-asp组合里,重读时均发[a:]即：dance;France;ask;basketclass;grass;glass;pass;（*例外：mass[æ]）fast;past;last;father;path;bath;——(*例外：maths[æ])graphaftergrasp4B4.在字母w或wh后面，发[ɔ:]what;wa(二)元音字母e

1.重读开音节[i:]me;he

;she;these;evening2.重读闭音节[e]hen;get;tell;red3.非重读音节[i]ticket;basket;pocket;before;below;[ə]hundredstudentopen5B(二)元音字母e

1.重读开音节[i:]me;he;（三）元音字母i

1.重读开音节[ai]hi;China;time;2.重读闭音节[i]sit;hit;ill;little;3.非重读音节[i]unit;[ə]

holidaybeautiful6B（三）元音字母i

1.重读开音节[ai]6B(四)元音字母o1.重读开音节[əu]no;so;go;home;photo;2.重读闭音节[ɔ]not;hot;box;fox;cock;cost;3.非重读音节[ə]purpose;concern4.o在字母m,n,v或th之前，均发[ʌ]come;some;son;ton;(*例外：Tom[ɔ])love;glove;above;anothermother;brother;*5.两个单词：woman[‘wu-mən]女人（单数）;women[‘wi-min]女人（复数）7B(四)元音字母o1.重读开音节[əu]7B（五）元音字母u

1.重读开音节[ju:]pupil;student;use;cube*在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母jlrs后面时读[u:]音，例如：Junebluerulersuper2.重读闭音节[ʌ]或[u][ʌ]——us;bus;mum;sun[u]——put;full;pull3.非重读音节[ə]autumn;August;support8B（五）元音字母u

1.重读开音节[ju:]8B半元音字母y的发音字母y一般有三种发音:*放在词首的发/j/:yes;yellow*在单音节词中（重读开音节）发/ai/:my;try*在大多数双音节词中（非重读音节）发/i/:study9B半元音字母y的发音字母y一般有三种发音:9B●元音字母组合的拼读规则10B●元音字母组合的拼读规则10B（一）元音字母a的字母组合1.ai或ay在重读音节中[ei]rain;train;brain;painday;may;play;stay;lay2.ay在非重读音里[i]或[ei]Sunday;Monday;Tuesday;Thursday;Friday

11B（一）元音字母a的字母组合1.ai或ay在重读音节中[ei3.al+绝大多数辅音字母[ɔ:]small;wall;call;或[ɔ:l]also;always*al后面是k时，只发[ɔ:]talk;walk；chalk*al+f或m时，al发[a:]half;calm*-al在词尾非重读[（ə）l]medal;metal;(例外canal运河，重音在后[æl])12B3.al+绝大多数辅音字母[ɔ:]12B4.-ance在重读时[a:ns]chance;dance;France*在非重读时[əns]importance；performance；ambulance5.-ant非重读[ənt]assistant;important；peasant13B13B6.-ange一般[eindʒ]change;danger;strange;(*但orange[indʒ]例外)7.-age一般[idʒ]village;carriage;marriage14B14B8.-ask一般重读时[a:sk]ask;mask;task;basket9.-ass一般重读时[a:s]class;glass;grass;pass;(*但mass[æ]例外)15B8.-ask一般重读时[a:sk]15B10.-ast一般重读时[a:st]last;past;fast;cast*-aste一般[eist]waste;paste;taste11.-ath一般[a:θ]bath;path;(但maths[æθ]例外)*或[a:ð]father;rather;(gather[æð]例外)16B10.-ast一般重读时[a:st]16B12.-au一般[ɔ:]cause;autumn;August;(*但because[ɔ])*-augh(t)[ɔ:(t)]taught;daughter(*例外：laugh[la:f])13.-aw[ɔ:]draw;saw;law;awful14.a在字母w或wh后面，a发[ɔ]was;wash;want;what;(*但water[ɔ:]17B12.-au一般[ɔ:]17B15.-ar重读音时[a:]party;car;farm;army;yard;hard;star*在字母w或音[w]后面时[ɔ:]war;warm;warn;towards;*quarter*在非重读音时[ə]beggar;dollar;solar18B15.-ar重读音时[a:]18B16.-are一般[εə]hare;bare;dare;care;parent17.-air一般[εə]chair;fair;hair;pair;stair;repair18.-able一般[eibl]able;cable;table;stable19B16.-are一般[εə]19B(二)元音字母e的组合

1.-ea重读音节有四个音，分别是下列：

*大多数发/i:/:meat;teacher;read;please*有的发/e/:head,bread;read(过去式);breakfast,peasant*还有的发/ei/:

great;break(小学英语中只有这两个单词)*-ea[iə]:real;really20B(二)元音字母e的组合

1.-ea重读音节有四个音，分别是下2.-ee[i:]feel;week;keep;three;treet;see

*但是一个例外：coffee[i]3.-eer[iə]deer;pioneer;engineer;volunteer21B2.-ee[i:]21B4.-er重读音节[ə:]her;term;service;Germany*非重读[ə]worker;paper;western;teacher特殊读法[a:]clerk5.-ere[iə]here;mere-ere或者发[εə]there;where22B22B6.-ear有三种音，分别是：*-ear[iə]ear;dear;near;tear(n.);*-ear[ə:]early;earth;learn;heard*-ear[a:]heart*但tear作为动词时，发[εə]23B23B7.-ei[ei]eight;weigh;weight*-ei[ai]height*-ei[i:]receive8.-ey重读[ei]they;hey;survey*-ey重读[i:]key*-ey非重读[i]monkey;donkey;volleyball*-et非重读[it]pocket;ticket;rocket24B7.-ei[ei]eight;weigh;we9.-ew一般[ju:]new;few;knew

*-ew或者发[u:]grew;threw*-ew还可以发[əu]sew10.-ege[idʒ]college25B25B11.-est[ist]biggest;happiest;12.词尾的-ed在浊音后[d]lived;studied*-ed在清音后[t]worked;finished*-ed在字母t或d后[id]wanted;needed

26B11.-est[ist]biggest;hap（三）元音字母i或y的组合

1.-ie在重读音节中，或在辅音字母前，发[i:]，如：thief;field;piece;achieve；*-ie在词尾[ai]lie;die;tie

2.-ir在重读音节[ə:]girl;first;third;circle27B（三）元音字母i或y的组合

1.-ie在重读音节中，或在辅音3.-ire在重读音节[‘aiə]fire;tired;hire;wire4.-igh(t)在重读音节[ai(t)]high;night;light;bright5.-ild[aild]child;wild28B3.-ire在重读音节[‘aiə]28B6.-ind[aind]find;kind;mind;wind;(*但window[ind])7.-ing[iŋ]king;wing;sing;doing;making29B29B8.-(a)tion[(ei)ʃn]nation;pronunciation;information；*-stion[tʃn]question*-sion[ʃn]或[ʒn]mission使命;precision精密30B8.-(a)tion[(ei)ʃn]30B9.-ye在词尾[ai]good-bye;bye-bye10.-ist[ist]例：list;fist;31B31B(四)元音字母o的组合1.-oa在重音时[əu]boat;coat;road;goat;toad*-oar在重音时[ɔ:]例：blackboard;2.-oi，-oy在重音时[ɔi]*-oy例：boiler;point;join;oil.*-oi例：boy;toy;joy;loyal32B(四)元音字母o的组合32B3.-oo一般[u:]too;zoo;room;noon;moon；soon;*单词room和其他名词构成合成词时，常发短音。如classroom[u]…等。*在字母k或有时在t，d之前时[u]look;book;cook;foot;boot;good；（food例外）;33B3.-oo一般[u:]33B4.-or在重音时[ɔ:]for;horse;important;morning;born*-or在字母w后面[ə:]work;word;world;worse;worth(*但是wore,worn例外，均发[ɔ:])*-or在非重音时[ə]monitor;doctor;professor;forget;34B4.-or在重音时[ɔ:]34B5.-oar一般[ɔ:]board;aboard;blackboard6.-oor一般[ɔ:]或在美式英语里发[ɔə]door;floor

*-oor还发[uə]poor35B5.-oar一般[ɔ:]35B7.-ore在重音时[ɔ:]snore;more;before;foreign;forest8.-ou一般[au]shout;loud;round;found*-ou还发[ʌ]country;trouble*-ou还发[u:]wound;wounded36B36B9.-ough(t)发[ɔ:(t)]

ought;bought;fought;thought(*例外：cough[kɔf])

10.-oe[əu]toe;hoe;Joe37B9.-ough(t)发[ɔ:(t)]37B11.-old[əuld]

old;hold;cold;told

12.-ost[əust]post;most;host;ghost(*例外cost[ɔst])38B11.-old[əuld]38B13.-our在重音时[au]our;hour;sour;*还发[ɔ:]four;course;pour*还发[uə]tour;gourd*-our在词尾(非重音)[ə]colour;neighbour;favourite39B13.-our在重音时[au]our;hour;s14.-ow在重音时[au]now;cow;down;how;town*-ow在重音或非重音中[əu]low;yellow;below;follow;growtomorrow;window;know;show

40B14.-ow在重音时[au]40B（五）元音字母u的组合

1.-u在字母ll或sh之前，或者在字母b,p或f之后，均发[u]如：full;bull;pull;push;bush*字母l,r或j+u构成的开音节，u发[u:]rule;true;blue;June41B（五）元音字母u的组合

41B2.-ue在词尾[ju:]argue;continue3.-ui在字母j或r后面时，发[u:]fruit;juice*-ui在字母b或g后面，或者紧接重音节后面的一个音节时发[i]如：build;biscuit；guilty

42B42B4.-ur在重音时[ə:]turn;return;Thursday;nurse;purse*在非重音时[ə]surprise;Saturday*-ure在重音时[(j)uə]pure[juə];sure[uə]*-ture发[tʃə]picture;future;mixture43B4.-ur在重音时[ə:]43B(II)辅音字母及辅音字母组合的拼读规则44B(II)辅音字母及辅音字母组合的拼读规则44B辅音字母一般都发字母本身音,只有一些特殊,列举如下:

1.b在一般情况下[b]

back；big;lab;brotherb和u在一起，u常发[i]

building；build；busy-bt一般[t]debt;doubt45B辅音字母一般都发字母本身音,只有一些特殊,列举如下:

1.b2.c在字母e,i或y前面时[s]

city;Bruce;juice;bicycle；face;centralc在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前[k]

cup;cold;duck;bicycle;cap;cut;class;c在词尾时也发[k]，但后面有e，还发[s]music[k]grace[s];

46B2.c在字母e,i或y前面时[s]46B-ck[k]duck;luck;black;cock；ticket;pocket-ci有时发[ʃ]social*-cc在元音字母a,o,u和辅音字母之前[k]occasion;according;occupy;*在元音字母e和i之前[ks]accent;success47B-ck[k]duck;luck;black;c-ch有三种音[tʃ][k]或[ʃ]如下：*[tʃ]China;rich;chick;chalk*[k]school;chemistry;ache;technology*[ʃ]machine;parachute;moustache-tch[tʃ]catch;match;fetch;hatch;butcher48B48B3.d在一般情况下[d]

did;made;desk;duck;doubt;-ds发[dz]birds;handsdr在元音字母前[dr]

dry;dress;driver;drill-dge一般[dʒ]bridge;fridge;judge;4.f在一般情况下[f]

five;flag;life;leaf49B49B5.g在字母e,i或y前面[dʒ]large;general;age;energy*例外：give;forgive;get;forget等,g都发[g]在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前[g]

game;goat;guard;ghost;glass在词尾也发[g]big;egg;fig;flag

50B5.g在字母e,i或y前面[dʒ]50B-gn[n]，即g不发音foreign;sign;-gh发[f]或[-](即不发音)[-]high;light;thought;brought[f]laugh;cough-dge发[dʒ]bridge;knowledge;judge

*gue-,gua-和gui-在词首时一般u都不发音guess;guest;guard;guide而-gue在词尾发[g]league;colleague51B-gn[n]，即g不发音foreign;sign;6.*h在一般情况下[h]

help;behave;hello;hit;hurry*h在字母r或x后面不发音exhibition7.j在一般情况下[dʒ]

joy;judge;journey;January;just52B6.*h在一般情况下[h]52B8.*k在一般情况下[k]

king;milk;kick;kiss;lock;*k后面是n时，k不发音,即kn发[n]knee;know;knowledge;knifeclimb;comb;tomb;53B53B字母l只有两种发音:放在词首的发清晰的/l/;放在词末或le则发模糊/l/。

9.*l在元音字母前发[l](*即“勒”音，供参考)light；look;let;lab;live

*l在辅音字母或词尾时发[l](*即“欧”音，供参考)cold；sell;chalk54B字母l只有两种发音:54B10.m在一般情况下[m]

meat;mother;come;make;Tomm后面是b时,b不发音,即-mb发[m]55B10.m在一般情况下[m]55B11.*n在一般情况下[n]

now;next;ton;nest*n在m后面时，n常不发音,即-mn发[m]autumn;column

但后面有后缀或构成合成词，则n还要发音的autumnal;columnist56B56B-ng常发[ŋ]或[ŋg]*发[ŋ]sing;king;English;young*发[ŋg]finger；younger;language-nk常发[ŋk]ink;thank57B57B12.p在一般情况下[p]map;cap;people;pest*-ph[f]photo;phantom;physics13.*que在一般情况下[k]cheque*qu一般发[kw]

quarter;quick;quiet;quite;queen58B58B14.*r在元音字母前才发音[r](即音同“日”供参考)room；read;rest;around

*r在辅音字母或词尾前，一般不发音car;star;jar

*rh在元音字母前只发[r]rhyme;rhino;rhetoric59B14.*r在元音字母前才发音[r](即音同“日”供参考)r15.*s在词首和词尾、清辅音之前或之后,或者在词尾同时在短元音之后，一般发[s]如：see;some;sister;works;yes;thisnewspaper;注：一条发音习惯，欧美人在发[s]音后面的清辅音时，习惯上把该清辅音发成相对应的浊辅音（而书写音标的时候，还是写成清辅音），试举例如下：school---音标[sku:l]，念成[sgu:l]street---音标[stri:t],念成[sdri:t]student---[‘stju:dənt],念成[‘sdju:dənt]space---音标[speis],而习惯念成[sbeis]

60B15.*s在词首和词尾、清辅音之前或之后,或者在词尾同时在短*s在两个元音之间或者在浊辅音和元音之间时，发[z]如：these;nose;lose;rise;wisdom;observe词尾的s在浊辅音或元音之后（即在浊音之后），发[z]如：pigs;plays;flags;eggs;toys;boys词尾的s在长元音之后，发[z]hers;yourss还可以发[ʃ]sure;Russia61B*s在两个元音之间或者在浊辅音和元音之间时，发[z]61B-sh一般发[ʃ]

sheep;ship;wish;show;shift;fish-sch一般发[sk]school;scheme(计划)-sion一般发[ʃn]tension;succession*在元音字母后[ʒn]decision;conclusion-sure在元音字母后[ʒə]measure;pleasure62B-sh一般发[ʃ]62B16.t在一般情况下[t]cat;tooth；teach;let;ten;table;-th一般发[θ]或[ð]小学阶段，发/θ/音的大多与数字有关:thirteen,third,ninth,tenth再加上mouth,tooth;thin;think,thank等词;发/ð/音的大多与代词有关:that;this;these;those

-tr[tr]try;trust;trip;tree;street-tion[ʃn]information;pronunciation;(*一个例外：question[tʃn])

-ture[tʃə]picture;mixture;future63B16.t在一般情况下[t]63B17.v在一般情况下[v]live;very;vase;valley;village64B17.v在一般情况下[v]64B18.w在元音字母之前[w]

wear;window;week;wisdomwr[r]write;wrong;wrist;wh[h]who;whom;whose;wh[w]what;which;when;where;whyaw[ɔ:]draw;saw;law;ew[ju:]few;knew;new

ow[əu]low;slow;know;below

ow[au]now;cow;crown65B65B19.x在一般情况下[ks]box;fox;next;text位于元音字母之前且重音落在后一个音节上时，发[gz]exam;exist;66B19.x在一般情况下[ks]66B20.y在元音字母之前[j]

you;youth;yes;young21.z在一般情况下[z]

zoo;;zebra;zero;zipper67B67B常见的字母与字母组合发音规则68B常见的字母与字母组合发音规则1BⅠ元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则元音字母的发音69BⅠ元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则元音字母的发音2B（一）元音字母a

1.重读开音节[ei]late;make;lake;face2.重读闭音节[æ]bag;fat;cat;（*例外：any一些[e];many许多[e]）3.非重读音节[ə]或[i]即：[ə]——ChinaCanada[i]——village;orange

*连续相同的辅音（字母），一般只发一个音，而且归属后一个音节段。如上的village.70B（一）元音字母a

1.重读开音节[ei]late;4.在字母w或wh后面，发[ɔ:]what;want;(例外：water水[ɔ:])5.a在诸如-ance;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath;-aph;-af;-asp组合里,重读时均发[a:]即：dance;France;ask;basketclass;grass;glass;pass;（*例外：mass[æ]）fast;past;last;father;path;bath;——(*例外：maths[æ])graphaftergrasp71B4.在字母w或wh后面，发[ɔ:]what;wa(二)元音字母e

1.重读开音节[i:]me;he

;she;these;evening2.重读闭音节[e]hen;get;tell;red3.非重读音节[i]ticket;basket;pocket;before;below;[ə]hundredstudentopen72B(二)元音字母e

1.重读开音节[i:]me;he;（三）元音字母i

1.重读开音节[ai]hi;China;time;2.重读闭音节[i]sit;hit;ill;little;3.非重读音节[i]unit;[ə]

holidaybeautiful73B（三）元音字母i

1.重读开音节[ai]6B(四)元音字母o1.重读开音节[əu]no;so;go;home;photo;2.重读闭音节[ɔ]not;hot;box;fox;cock;cost;3.非重读音节[ə]purpose;concern4.o在字母m,n,v或th之前，均发[ʌ]come;some;son;ton;(*例外：Tom[ɔ])love;glove;above;anothermother;brother;*5.两个单词：woman[‘wu-mən]女人（单数）;women[‘wi-min]女人（复数）74B(四)元音字母o1.重读开音节[əu]7B（五）元音字母u

1.重读开音节[ju:]pupil;student;use;cube*在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母jlrs后面时读[u:]音，例如：Junebluerulersuper2.重读闭音节[ʌ]或[u][ʌ]——us;bus;mum;sun[u]——put;full;pull3.非重读音节[ə]autumn;August;support75B（五）元音字母u

1.重读开音节[ju:]8B半元音字母y的发音字母y一般有三种发音:*放在词首的发/j/:yes;yellow*在单音节词中（重读开音节）发/ai/:my;try*在大多数双音节词中（非重读音节）发/i/:study76B半元音字母y的发音字母y一般有三种发音:9B●元音字母组合的拼读规则77B●元音字母组合的拼读规则10B（一）元音字母a的字母组合1.ai或ay在重读音节中[ei]rain;train;brain;painday;may;play;stay;lay2.ay在非重读音里[i]或[ei]Sunday;Monday;Tuesday;Thursday;Friday

78B（一）元音字母a的字母组合1.ai或ay在重读音节中[ei3.al+绝大多数辅音字母[ɔ:]small;wall;call;或[ɔ:l]also;always*al后面是k时，只发[ɔ:]talk;walk；chalk*al+f或m时，al发[a:]half;calm*-al在词尾非重读[（ə）l]medal;metal;(例外canal运河，重音在后[æl])79B3.al+绝大多数辅音字母[ɔ:]12B4.-ance在重读时[a:ns]chance;dance;France*在非重读时[əns]importance；performance；ambulance5.-ant非重读[ənt]assistant;important；peasant80B13B6.-ange一般[eindʒ]change;danger;strange;(*但orange[indʒ]例外)7.-age一般[idʒ]village;carriage;marriage81B14B8.-ask一般重读时[a:sk]ask;mask;task;basket9.-ass一般重读时[a:s]class;glass;grass;pass;(*但mass[æ]例外)82B8.-ask一般重读时[a:sk]15B10.-ast一般重读时[a:st]last;past;fast;cast*-aste一般[eist]waste;paste;taste11.-ath一般[a:θ]bath;path;(但maths[æθ]例外)*或[a:ð]father;rather;(gather[æð]例外)83B10.-ast一般重读时[a:st]16B12.-au一般[ɔ:]cause;autumn;August;(*但because[ɔ])*-augh(t)[ɔ:(t)]taught;daughter(*例外：laugh[la:f])13.-aw[ɔ:]draw;saw;law;awful14.a在字母w或wh后面，a发[ɔ]was;wash;want;what;(*但water[ɔ:]84B12.-au一般[ɔ:]17B15.-ar重读音时[a:]party;car;farm;army;yard;hard;star*在字母w或音[w]后面时[ɔ:]war;warm;warn;towards;*quarter*在非重读音时[ə]beggar;dollar;solar85B15.-ar重读音时[a:]18B16.-are一般[εə]hare;bare;dare;care;parent17.-air一般[εə]chair;fair;hair;pair;stair;repair18.-able一般[eibl]able;cable;table;stable86B16.-are一般[εə]19B(二)元音字母e的组合

1.-ea重读音节有四个音，分别是下列：

*大多数发/i:/:meat;teacher;read;please*有的发/e/:head,bread;read(过去式);breakfast,peasant*还有的发/ei/:

great;break(小学英语中只有这两个单词)*-ea[iə]:real;really87B(二)元音字母e的组合

1.-ea重读音节有四个音，分别是下2.-ee[i:]feel;week;keep;three;treet;see

*但是一个例外：coffee[i]3.-eer[iə]deer;pioneer;engineer;volunteer88B2.-ee[i:]21B4.-er重读音节[ə:]her;term;service;Germany*非重读[ə]worker;paper;western;teacher特殊读法[a:]clerk5.-ere[iə]here;mere-ere或者发[εə]there;where89B22B6.-ear有三种音，分别是：*-ear[iə]ear;dear;near;tear(n.);*-ear[ə:]early;earth;learn;heard*-ear[a:]heart*但tear作为动词时，发[εə]90B23B7.-ei[ei]eight;weigh;weight*-ei[ai]height*-ei[i:]receive8.-ey重读[ei]they;hey;survey*-ey重读[i:]key*-ey非重读[i]monkey;donkey;volleyball*-et非重读[it]pocket;ticket;rocket91B7.-ei[ei]eight;weigh;we9.-ew一般[ju:]new;few;knew

*-ew或者发[u:]grew;threw*-ew还可以发[əu]sew10.-ege[idʒ]college92B25B11.-est[ist]biggest;happiest;12.词尾的-ed在浊音后[d]lived;studied*-ed在清音后[t]worked;finished*-ed在字母t或d后[id]wanted;needed

93B11.-est[ist]biggest;hap（三）元音字母i或y的组合

1.-ie在重读音节中，或在辅音字母前，发[i:]，如：thief;field;piece;achieve；*-ie在词尾[ai]lie;die;tie

2.-ir在重读音节[ə:]girl;first;third;circle94B（三）元音字母i或y的组合

1.-ie在重读音节中，或在辅音3.-ire在重读音节[‘aiə]fire;tired;hire;wire4.-igh(t)在重读音节[ai(t)]high;night;light;bright5.-ild[aild]child;wild95B3.-ire在重读音节[‘aiə]28B6.-ind[aind]find;kind;mind;wind;(*但window[ind])7.-ing[iŋ]king;wing;sing;doing;making96B29B8.-(a)tion[(ei)ʃn]nation;pronunciation;information；*-stion[tʃn]question*-sion[ʃn]或[ʒn]mission使命;precision精密97B8.-(a)tion[(ei)ʃn]30B9.-ye在词尾[ai]good-bye;bye-bye10.-ist[ist]例：list;fist;98B31B(四)元音字母o的组合1.-oa在重音时[əu]boat;coat;road;goat;toad*-oar在重音时[ɔ:]例：blackboard;2.-oi，-oy在重音时[ɔi]*-oy例：boiler;point;join;oil.*-oi例：boy;toy;joy;loyal99B(四)元音字母o的组合32B3.-oo一般[u:]too;zoo;room;noon;moon；soon;*单词room和其他名词构成合成词时，常发短音。如classroom[u]…等。*在字母k或有时在t，d之前时[u]look;book;cook;foot;boot;good；（food例外）;100B3.-oo一般[u:]33B4.-or在重音时[ɔ:]for;horse;important;morning;born*-or在字母w后面[ə:]work;word;world;worse;worth(*但是wore,worn例外，均发[ɔ:])*-or在非重音时[ə]monitor;doctor;professor;forget;101B4.-or在重音时[ɔ:]34B5.-oar一般[ɔ:]board;aboard;blackboard6.-oor一般[ɔ:]或在美式英语里发[ɔə]door;floor

*-oor还发[uə]poor102B5.-oar一般[ɔ:]35B7.-ore在重音时[ɔ:]snore;more;before;foreign;forest8.-ou一般[au]shout;loud;round;found*-ou还发[ʌ]country;trouble*-ou还发[u:]wound;wounded103B36B9.-ough(t)发[ɔ:(t)]

ought;bought;fought;thought(*例外：cough[kɔf])

10.-oe[əu]toe;hoe;Joe104B9.-ough(t)发[ɔ:(t)]37B11.-old[əuld]

old;hold;cold;told

12.-ost[əust]post;most;host;ghost(*例外cost[ɔst])105B11.-old[əuld]38B13.-our在重音时[au]our;hour;sour;*还发[ɔ:]four;course;pour*还发[uə]tour;gourd*-our在词尾(非重音)[ə]colour;neighbour;favourite106B13.-our在重音时[au]our;hour;s14.-ow在重音时[au]now;cow;down;how;town*-ow在重音或非重音中[əu]low;yellow;below;follow;growtomorrow;window;know;show

107B14.-ow在重音时[au]40B（五）元音字母u的组合

1.-u在字母ll或sh之前，或者在字母b,p或f之后，均发[u]如：full;bull;pull;push;bush*字母l,r或j+u构成的开音节，u发[u:]rule;true;blue;June108B（五）元音字母u的组合

41B2.-ue在词尾[ju:]argue;continue3.-ui在字母j或r后面时，发[u:]fruit;juice*-ui在字母b或g后面，或者紧接重音节后面的一个音节时发[i]如：build;biscuit；guilty

109B42B4.-ur在重音时[ə:]turn;return;Thursday;nurse;purse*在非重音时[ə]surprise;Saturday*-ure在重音时[(j)uə]pure[juə];sure[uə]*-ture发[tʃə]picture;future;mixture110B4.-ur在重音时[ə:]43B(II)辅音字母及辅音字母组合的拼读规则111B(II)辅音字母及辅音字母组合的拼读规则44B辅音字母一般都发字母本身音,只有一些特殊,列举如下:

1.b在一般情况下[b]

back；big;lab;brotherb和u在一起，u常发[i]

building；build；busy-bt一般[t]debt;doubt112B辅音字母一般都发字母本身音,只有一些特殊,列举如下:

1.b2.c在字母e,i或y前面时[s]

city;Bruce;juice;bicycle；face;centralc在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前[k]

cup;cold;duck;bicycle;cap;cut;class;c在词尾时也发[k]，但后面有e，还发[s]music[k]grace[s];

113B2.c在字母e,i或y前面时[s]46B-ck[k]duck;luck;black;cock；ticket;pocket-ci有时发[ʃ]social*-cc在元音字母a,o,u和辅音字母之前[k]occasion;according;occupy;*在元音字母e和i之前[ks]accent;success114B-ck[k]duck;luck;black;c-ch有三种音[tʃ][k]或[ʃ]如下：*[tʃ]China;rich;chick;chalk*[k]school;chemistry;ache;technology*[ʃ]machine;parachute;moustache-tch[tʃ]catch;match;fetch;hatch;butcher115B48B3.d在一般情况下[d]

did;made;desk;duck;doubt;-ds发[dz]birds;handsdr在元音字母前[dr]

dry;dress;driver;drill-dge一般[dʒ]bridge;fridge;judge;4.f在一般情况下[f]

five;flag;life;leaf116B49B5.g在字母e,i或y前面[dʒ]large;general;age;energy*例外：give;forgive;get;forget等,g都发[g]在字母a,o或u,或者在辅音字母前[g]

game;goat;guard;ghost;glass在词尾也发[g]big;egg;fig;flag

117B5.g在字母e,i或y前面[dʒ]50B-gn[n]，即g不发音foreign;sign;-gh发[f]或[-](即不发音)[-]high;light;thought;brought[f]laugh;cough-dge发[dʒ]bridge;knowledge;judge

*gue-,gua-和gui-在词首时一般u都不发音guess;guest;guard;guide而-gue在词尾发[g]league;colleague118B-gn[n]，即g不发音foreign;sign;6.*h在一般情况下[h]

help;behave;hello;hit;hurry*h在字母r或x后面不发音exhibition7.j在一般情况下[dʒ]

joy;judge;journey;January;just119B6.*h在一般情况下[h]52B8.*k在一般情况下[k]

king;milk;kick;kiss;lock;*k后面是n时，k不发音,即kn发[n]knee;know;knowledge;knifeclimb;comb;tomb;120B53B字母l只有两种发音:放在词首的发清晰的/l/;放在词末或le则发模糊/l/。

9.*l在元音字母前发[l](*即“勒”音，供参考)light；look;let;lab;live

*l在辅音字母或词尾时发[l](*即“欧”音，供参考)cold；sell;chalk121B字母l只有两种发音:54B10.m在一般情况下[m]

meat;mother;come;make;Tomm后面是b时,b不发音,即-mb发[m]122B10.m在一般情况下[m]55B11.*n在一般情况下[n]

now