中英文-第7章管理cisco设备

通过本章的学习，您应该掌握以下内容:获取直接相邻设备的信息获取

设备的信息清楚配置文件和IOS映象文件被加载的位置和过程是一个提供关于直接相连的交换机、路由器和其它Cisco设备的综合信息的专有工具CDP能够发现直接相邻的设备而不管这些设备所运行的是什么协议栈物理介质必须能够支持Subnetwork

AccessProtocol(SNAP)上层地址Cisco专有的链路层协议介质必须能够支持SNAPTCP/IPCDP能发现并显示关于直接相连的Cisco设备的信息LANs

帧中继

ATM

OthersNovell

AppleTalk

OthersIPXCDP运行在使用10.3或更新版Cisco

IOS的路由器以及Cisco

交换机和集线器上能获取的信息包括:设备名对应各协议的地址端口名角色特征平台CDPshow

cdpCDPCDP交换机B路由器A路由器B交换机A

S0SRouterA#sh

cdp

?entry Information

for

specific

neighbor

entryinterface

CDP

interface

status

and

configurationneighbors

CDP

neighbor

entriestraffic CDP

statistics<cr>RouterA(config)#no

cdp

runRouterA(config)#interface

serial0RouterA(config-if)#no

cdp

enable交换机A同时也显示其Mac地址RouterA#sh

cdp

neighborsCapability

Codes:

R

-

Router,

T

-

Trans

Bridge,

B

-

Source

Route

BridgeS

-

Switch,

H

-

Host,

I

-

IGMP,

r

-

RepeaterCapability

Platform

Port

IDDevice

IDRouterBLocal

IntrfceSer

0SwitchA0050BD855780 Eth

0Holdtme148167RT

S2522 Ser

11900

S0S交换机B路由器A路由器B交换机ARouterA#sh

cdp

entry

*-------------------------Device

ID:

RouterBEntry

address(es):IP

address:

Platform:

cisco

2522,

Capabilities:

RouterInterface:

Serial0,

Port

ID

(outgoing

port):

Serial1Holdtime

:

168

secVersion

:Cisco

Internetwork

Operating

System

SoftwareIOS

(tm)

2500

Software

(C2500-JS-L),

Version

12.0(3),

RELEASE

SOFTWARE

(fci)Copyright

(c)

1986-1999

by

cisco

Systems,

Inc.Compiled

Mon

08-Feb-99

18:18

by

phanguye

S0S交换机B路由器A路由器B交换机ARouterA#sh

cdp

trafficCDP

counters

:Packets

output:

56,

Input:

38Hdr

syntax:

0,

Chksum

error:

0,

Encaps

failed:

3No

memory:

0,

Invalid

packet:

0,

Fragmented:

0RouterA#sh

cdp

interfaceBRI0

is

administratively

down,

line

protocol

is

downEncapsulation

HDLCSendin P

packets

every

60

secondsHoldtime

is

180

seconds

S0S交换机B路由器A路由器B交换机A测试对远端设备的连接性和路径Router##0Type

esc sequence

to

abort.Sending

5,

100-byte

ICMP

Echos

to0,

timeout

is

2

seconds:!!!!!Success

rateis

100

percent

(5/5),

round-trip

min/avg/max

=

4/4/4

msRouter#trace

0Type

esc sequence

to

abort.Tracing

the

route

to

00

4msec

4msec

4msecRouter#加电自检(POST)加载并运行启动引导微代码寻找IOS映象文件加载IOS映象文件寻找配置文件加载配置文件正常运行RAM配置寄存器ROMFlashNVRAM端口BootstrapPOSTMi

OSROMmonitorROM存放完成基本功能的微代码show

version控制台wg_ro_a#show

versionCisco

Internetwork

Operating

System

SoftwareIOS

(tm)

2500

Software

(C2500-JS-L),

Version

12.0(3),

RELEASE

SOFTWARE

(fc1)Copyright

(c)

1986-1999

by

cisco

Systems,

Inc.Compiled

Mon

08-Feb-99

18:18

by

phanguyeImage

text-base:

0x03050C84,

data-base:

0x00001000ROM:

System

Bootstrap,

Version

11.0(10c),

SOFTWAREBOOTFLASH:

3000

Bootstrap

Software

(IGS-BOOT-R),

Version

11.0(10c),

RELEASE

SOFTWARE

(fc1)wg_ro_a

uptime

is

20

minutesSystem

restarted

by

reloadSystem

image

file

is

"flash:c2500-js-l_120-3.bin"--More--Configuration

register

is

0x2102用命令show

version所显示的配置寄存器值Router#configure

terminalRouter(config)#config-register

0x2102[Ctrl-Z]Router#reload配置寄存器的3,

2,

1和0位是启动选项位配置寄存器启动选项部分的值0x0含义进入ROM

monitor模式(人工启动时用b

命令)Router#configure

terminalRouter(config)#config-register

0x2102[Ctrl-Z]Router#reload配置寄存器的3,

2,

1和0位是启动选项位配置寄存器启动选项部分的值0x00x1含义进入ROM

monitor模式(人工启动时用b

命令)自动从ROM启动(提供完整IOS的一个子集)Router#configure

terminalRouter(config)#config-register

0x2102[Ctrl-Z]Router#reload配置寄存器的3,

2,

1和0位是启动选项位用命令show

version来检查配置寄存器的值配置寄存器启动选项部分的值0x00x2

to

0xF0x1含义进入ROM

monitor模式(人工启动时用b

命令)Rommon>自动从ROM启动(提供完整IOS的一个子集)Router(boot)>检查NVRAM之bootsystem

命令(如果路由器配有Flash则缺省值为0x2)Router#configure

terminalRouter(config)#config-register

0x2102[Ctrl-Z]Router#reload配置寄存器的3,

2,

1和0位是启动选项位Flashshowversionshowstartup-configIOS搜索顺序:检查配置寄存器解析NVRAM中的配置文件缺省是使用Flash中的第一个文件尝试从网络启动RXBOOTROMMON控制台配置寄存器NVRAMFlashIOSshow

flashFlash中的映象文件解压缩到RAM中控制台RAMIOSwg_ro_a#sh

flashSystem

flash

directory:File

Length

Name/status1 10084696

c2500-js-l_120-3.bin[10084760

bytes

used,

6692456

available,

16777216

total]16384K

bytes

ofprocessor

board

System

flash

(Read

ONLY)showstartup-configshowrunning-config控制台Setup

utility从NVRAM中加载并运行配置文件如果NVRAM中没有配置文件,进入setup模式ConfigConfigIOSRAMNVRAMUsing

1359

outof32762byteswg_ro_c#show

startup-config!version

1