高中英语：试题（同步练习）：Computers

Unit3Computers同步练习L单项选择题.【原仓ll］Themessagefromthemeetingisa(n)thatmajorchangesareontheway.A.warningB.goalC.signalD.advice【解析】此处使用signal,表示“暗示;预示warning”警告;告诫”;goal“目标”;advice“建议【答案】C［教材原句］Thenshepreparesreliablemovestouseifanewsituationarises..【原仓"thewealthofthecountryincreases,morewastewillbeproduced.A.WithB.AsC.ForD.Since【解析】随着国家财富的增长，将会产生更多的垃圾。With不是连词，故排除。As“随着”。【答案】B【教材原句】Astimewentby,Iwasmadesmaller..【2013・银川检测］Thecousinsarealikeinage,buttheyareasdifferentasdayandnight.A.besidesB.AnyhowC.otherwiseD.moreover【解析】anyhow不管怎样，无论如何。besides和moreover都是表示“另外，而且“；otherwise否那么，另外。句意：这些表兄弟年龄很相似，但无论如何他们都差距很多。【答案】B［教材原句］Anyhow,mygoalistoprovidehumanswithalifeofhighquality.Connecticut,butthatwouldbegivingup.Uphere,inthistreeshefeltsafe.Shelookedatthecandle,surroundedbyhardeningwax（蜡）.Sheplacedherfingersgentlyonthewarmgreenwax.Thiscandlewasareminderofherlifeinsidethathouse,alifeshewouldhavetoreturntoeventually.Asachild,shehadgottenthiscandle.Shespentallshehadonit.Thebeautifulcrystalbox（水晶盒）hadcaughthereye.Fivewholenickels（五分币）hadbroughtherthatcandle.ShegaveittohermotherforMother'sDay.Hermotherhadmanagedasmileandputitonashelf."It'sverypretty,honey!Iwillputitrighthere."Sincethenthatcandlehadneverbeenmoved,neverbeenlighted,sittingdustyonaclutteredshelfthatnoonecouldsee.Lateron,herparentsgotdivorced.Bynowthecandlewascolderthantheairandthedarknesswascomplete.Thesnowonthegroundmadethenightlighterandlesssatisfyingthanithadbeenbeforethefirstsnowfall.Shelikedthedarknessbecauseshefeltsafeinit.Fromtheglancesofherfriendswholikedthegirlsheusedtobe.Fromtheboyswhocouldneverfigureoutwhoshewas.Fromherguidancecounselor（顾问）whoseendlessworriedlooksnevermadeherfeelanybetter.Noonewasoutsideatthistimeofnight.Shewasaloneintheworld,justhowshelikedit.Justasshewasabouttoleanbackagainstthebranch,sheheardasound.Sheheardfootstepsbreakingtheiceinthesnow,headingtowardher.Hewasmakinghiswaytowardthewhitefenceattheedgeofthebuilding,rightagainsttheroad.Normallyshewouldhaveignoredthispersonandstayedonherbranchfarawayfromhumancontact,butthisfigurehadsomethingwithhim.Hetrudged（吃力上也走）towardthewhitefencecarryingacase.Thefigurereachedthefence,openedthecaseandtookoutashinyobject.Shetookhereyesoffthisfigureonlylongenoughtoclimbdownthetreetogetabetterviewofhim.Shereachedthebottomandsawthatthepersonhadturnedtofacethestreet,sittingonthewhitefencethatsheandherfriendsoncesaton.Shesteppedcarefullyontheice,makingherwaytowardhim.Andthenabeautifulsoundofmusiccamefromtheshinyobject.Shestoppedandlistenedtoit.Shestartedwalkingtowardstheguyagain.Justasshewasabouttostepontothesnowbanks,sheslippedontheicecrashingtotheground.Thefigureturnedaroundinsurpriseandasuddenrecognitionfelluponthemboth.Thegirlwashidinginthetreeatdeepnightto.A.keepherselffromthecoldB.waitfortheboytocomeC.wanttobeleftaloneD.seeksafetyfromanyhurtFromthestory,wecanlearnthat.thegirlsufferedalotinherlifethegirl'sparentsdivorcedbecauseofherteachersandfriendstreatedthegirlbadlythegirlusedtostayinthetreewhenfeelingsadTheunderlinedword"it"inthestoryrefersto.A.leaningbackagainstthebranchB.beingaloneintheworldC.notbeingdisturbedatnightD.itbeingdarkwithsnowaroundFromtheendofthestory,itcanbeknownthatthegirl.A.knewthepersonB.knewwhattheobjectwasC.realizedherwishesD.wouldneverfeelaloneanymore.【答案】D【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第二段最后一句，在这里，在这棵树，她感到很安全（Uphere,inthistreeshefeltsafe）,应选D。.【答案】A【试题解析】事实细节题。选项B.thegirl'sparentsdivorcedbecauseofher这个女孩子的父母离婚了，因为她的，文章没提及为何离婚了，所以排除；选项C.teachersandfriendstreatedthegirlbadly老师和朋友对女孩不好，而文章说她的指导老师（顾问）的无尽的担忧，从来没有使她感觉更好（Fromherguidancecounselor（顾问）whoseendlessworriedlooksnevermadeherfeelanybetter）,所以排除此选项；选项D.thegirlusedtostayinthetreewhenfeelingsad孩用过去常常待在树上当感到悲伤的时候,而文章说她待在树上是因为感觉安全(Uphere,inthistreeshefeltsafe.),而非悲伤，所以排除。应选A。.【答案】B【试题解析】词义辨析题。原句Shewasaloneintheworld,justhowshelikedit.她单独一人在世界上，她是多么喜欢它。这个it就指代Shewasaloneintheworld,应选B。.【答案】A【试题解析】推理判断题。从文章最后一句这个人吃惊地转过身，他们相互突然认出了对方(Thefigureturnedaroundinsurpriseandasuddenrecognitionfelluponthemboth.)。recognition认出，说明两人是本来认识的，应选A。IV.书面表达：对于中学生上网人们有不同的看法。请你以GoingOnline为题，根据下表所提供的信息，谈谈自己的看法(120词左右)。Advantages（优点）Disadvantages（缺点）能增长知识，了解国内外大事，紧跟时代，有利于学习英语，能结交很多朋友。上网玩游戏影响学习，而且对视力有害，易受不良信息的影响。建议：适度上网；要把学习、健康和安全放在首位等。GoingonlineRecentlygoingonlinehasbecomemoreandmorepopularwithmiddleschoolstudents.Inmyopinion,therearesomeadvantagesforstudentstogoonline*FirstJtcanbroadenourknowledgeandmakeusknowthelatestnewsathomeandabroad.Second,therearemanylearningmaterialsontheInternetforustolearnEnglish.Also,wecanmakemanyonlinefriends.However,therearesomedisadvantages.Moststudentsplaycomputergamesinsteadofstudyingtheirlessons,whichwillaffecttheirstudy.What'sworse,goingonlinetoooftencandoharmtooureyes.Besides,withoutmuchexperience,it'seasyforustomakebadfriendsandbeinfluencedtodostupidthings.SoIthinkasstudents,wecangoonlineproperly.Weshouldchoosethingswhicharevaluabletoourstudyandlife.What'smore,weshouldhaveatimelimit.Wemustplacestudy,healthandsafetybeforeotherthings.一句多译：First,itcanbroadenourknowledgeandmakeusknowthelatestnewsathomeandabroad.改译：Firstly,notonlycanitbroadenourknowledgebutalsomakeusknowthelatestnewsathomeandabroad.Second,therearemanylearningmaterialsontheInternetforustolearnEnglish.Also,wecanmakemanyonlinefriends.改译：Secondly,wecandownloadsomethingthatbenefitsourEnglishlearning.What'smore,itcanhelpusmakemorefriends.Moststudentsplaycomputergamesinsteadofstudyingtheirlessons,whichwillaffecttheirstudy.改译：Spendingtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames,somestudentsabandontheirstudy.Besides,withoutmuchexperience,it'seasyforustomakebadfriendsandbeinfluencedtodostupidthings.改译：Lackingsocialexperience,weareeasilybecheatedandinfluencedtodostupidthings..【2012•马鞍山模拟】一Whatdidourteacherdo?一Heraisedhisarmasa(n)forustostop.A.signalB.RealityC.applicationD.goal【解析】答句句意：他抬起手臂示意我们停下。signal意为“信号；手势”。reality“真实”；application“应用"；goal“目标工【答案】A【教材原句】Forexample,IhavelearnedtosignaltomyteammatesincomputerlanguagetogivemetheballwhenIamopenandhaveagoodshotforagoal..【2012•黄冈模拟】,itisagoodthingIdidnotgetthepostIhadappliedfor,thoughImustadmitthatIwasdisappointedatthetime.A.BythewayB.InawayC・InthewayD.Innoway【解析】句意：尽管我必须成认当时很失望，但在某种程度上，我没有得到我所申请的职位是一件好事。bytheway“顺便说"；inaway”在某种程度上”；intheway"阻碍；拦路”；innoway“决不”。【答案】B［教材原句］Inawayourprogrammerislikeourcoach..【2013•兰州模拟】)一Amazingly,ZhuoJungotthefirstplacefortheChina'sGotTalentlastnight.-Sowonderfullyintheshowthathedeservedit.A・hadheperformedB.didheperformC・heperformedD.hehadperformed【解析】把so放在句首加强语气时，主句要用倒装语序。【答案】A［教材原句］AndmymemorybecamesolargethatevenIcouldn'tbelieveit!.【2012•福州模拟】Withalotofthings,Johnwillhaveadifficulttime.A.todealwithB.dealwithC.dealingwithD.dealtwith【解析】考查“with+名词+动词不定式”的复合结构。根据句中所用的一般将来时可判断复合结构中用动词不定式，表示将要发生的动作。【答案】A【教材原句】Thismeansthatitshouldcleanthehouse,mopthefloors,cookthedinneranddealwithtelephonecalls.[2013届山西太原五中高三12月考】Canyouthinkofsomecaseswheredriversobviouslythetrafficrulesbutdon'tobeythem?.haveinstructedinB.haveinstructedC.havebeeninstructedinD.areinstructed【解析】此处instructsb.insth.相当于teachsb.sth.instruct同drivers之间存在被动关系，根据语境排除D,故只能选择havebeeninstructedin。【答案】C.【2012•江苏南通第一次调研】一Whenwilltheexpertcomeandgivethelectureonintellectualproperty?一Notuntilourprogrambytheauthorities.A・approvesB.hasbeenapprovedC.istoapproveD.willbeapproved【解析】根据bytheauthorities的提示可知，应用被动语态，可排除A、C项；同时根据语意“直到我们的计划被官方批准”可知，应用完成时，应选B项。【答案】B.【2012•北京101中学模拟】Fiveofthe12bronzeanimalheadstoChina,withsevenotheronesstillmissing.A・returnedB・hadreturnedA・returnedhavebeenreturnedhavebeenreturnedhavereturned【解析】句意：十二尊铜质兽首中的五尊已经返回了中国，而另外七尊仍然没有找至U。根据题意应该选择现在完成时；主语“fiveofthe12bronzeanimalheads”与“return”之间是被动关系，所以选择C项。havebeenreturnedhavereturned【答案】CII.完形填空Sinceancienttimes,peoplehavehadwaystodealwithdataandnumbers.Earlypeopletiedknotsinropeandcarved1onclaytabletstokeep2oflivestockandtrade.Somepeople3the5000yearoldABACUS—aframewithbeadsstrungonwires—tobethefirsttruecomputingaid.4tradeandtaxsystemgrewincomplexity,peoplesawthatfaster,morereliableand5toolswere6fordoingmathand7records.Inthemid-1600's,BlaisePascalandhisfather,whowasataxofficerhimself,wereworkingontax8fortheFrenchgovernmentinParis.Thetwospenthours9andrefiguringtaxesthateachcitizen10,YoungBlaisedecidedin1642tobuildanaddingandsubtraction（减法）11.ThemachineBlaisemadehadasetofeightgears（齿轮）that12togethermuchlikeanodometer（计程器）keepstrackofacar'smileage.Hismachineencounteredmanyof13.Forone,itwasalwaysbreaking14Second,themachinewas15andextremelycostly.Andthird,peoplewereafraidtousethemachinethinkingitmight16theirjobs.Pascallaterbecame17formathandphilosophy,18heisstillrememberedforhisrolein19namedPascal.A.scoresA.touchA.consideredA.astechnology.B.marksB.balanceB.thoughtwhenInhishisrolein19namedPascal.A.scoresA.touchA.consideredA.astechnology.B.marksB.balanceB.thoughtwhenInhis20,thereisacomputerlanguageC.signalstrackC.rememberedC.whilenumbersD.timeD.hopedD.if5.A.reasonableB.exactC.seriousD.carefulA.madeA.keepingA.businessA.workingA.owedA.wayA.movedA.faultsA.downA.fastA.offerA.crazyA.andA.mathsA.memoryA.madeA.keepingA.businessA.workingA.owedA.madeA.keepingA.businessA.workingA.owedA.wayA.movedA.faultsA.downA.fastA.offerA.crazyA.andA.mathsA.memoryB.inventedB.makingB.taxesB.playingB.borrowedB.machineB.ranB.mistakesB.upB.slowB.supplyB.famousB.butB.carfavourneededC.settingC.computersC.solvingC.lentC.questionC.workedC.disadvantagesC.offC.carefulC.provideC.madC.soC.computerneedcreatedD.losingD.tasksD.figuringD.spentD.problemD.cameD.problemsD.inD.friendlyD.replaceD.seriousD.becauseD.scienceD.honorB早期的人们用草绳打结和在石板上画记号(marks)来做记录。Ckeeptrackofi己录。A一些人认为(consider),5000年前的算盘是最早的电脑。A随着(as)贸易和税制的复杂化，人们发现为了解决数学问题和做记录(keeprecord)需要(need)更快、更可依赖的、更准确的(exact)工具.B同上C同上Akeeprecord做记录。B根据后面Thetwospenthoursfiguringandrefiguringtaxesthateachcitizenowed.的taxes可知答案。D根据后面的refiguring可知。A人们所欠(owe)的税。B根据后句中的Themachine可知答案。C八个齿轮协同工作(worktogether)。21世纪教育网D根据下文可知，这种机器存在一些问题(problem)。Abreakdown机器出现故障。B这台机器又慢(slow)花费又大。D人们害怕机器会取代(replace)他们。Bbefamousfor因为。。。而著名。尽管他艺术学和哲学而著名，但是他仍然因为他在电脑科技方面的作用而被人们所记住。B同上。C同上。Dinhishonor为了纪念他。IH.阅读理解AComputersformestartedwhenIwas7yearsold.Iwenttoaverysmallvillageschool,about30kidsintotal.Onelunchtimewewereallinthedininghallwhenamancameintodeliverandsetuptheschoolsfirstcomputer,Iwentoveranddidn'tleavethisman'ssidefbrtherestoftheday.Fortunatelymydadisanelectricalengineer,soshortlyafterwardsheboughtaZX81andafewyearslateracommodore64.Unfortunatelyathighschool,theyonlyhad2computersforusebyabout600students,soIhadtofocusonwhatIcoulddoathomepeekingandpokingmywaythroughthecommodore64usermanual.FromtheCommodore64,weupgradedtotheAmigawhichwasanamazingmachinebutbythenthebullyinghadsetinatschoolandbeingremotelygeekywasnotcool.Asaresult,Istrayedawayfromcomputers,almosthidingmyinterestinthemlikesomedirtysecret.AthomewemoveduptoanOpus286withImegoframandoneofthefirstVGAscreens.IlearntaboutdatabasesusingBaseIVandsomebasicFortran.AsImovedthroughtheeducationalsystemIdeliberatelyavoidedcomputersubjectsasoptionsforstudyforfearofbeingseenasageekandbeingbulliedasaresult.ThatisuntilmysecondattemptatALevelswhereImetBillEdwards,oneofthegreatestteachersIhaveevermet.Hewouldstraymilesbeyondthecurriculumifhethoughtyouwereinterested,andluckilymyclasswasfilledwithstudentsthatwereveryinterested.Now,Iamoneofthefortunatesthatgenuinelyloveshiswork,asIsithereitisIam,IhavejustfinishedsettingupanserverfornootherreasonthanIhaven'tdoneitbeforeandwantedtoseewhatitwasallabout.IhaveatwoweekholidaycomingupandIintendtospendpartofthattimelearningaboutMono.ThankyouBillforhelpingmecomeoutofmyprogrammingcloset.Wheredidtheauthorseethefirstcomputer?A.athomeB.inasmallvillageschoolC.athighschoolD.intheuniversityWhydidtheauthorhavetopokehiswaythroughthecomputerathomewhenathighschool?becausehewasverybusyatschool.becausethestudentswerenotallowedtousecomputersatschool.becausetheschooldidn'thaveenoughcomputers.becausetheschooldidn'thavecomputers.Theauthorlearnedaboutdatabasesthrough.A.BaseIVB.Commodore64C.Opus286D.ZX81Fromthepassagewecaninfer.theauthorworkedveryhard.hisfatherdidn'tsupporthim.theauthordidn5tlikeBill.Billwaspopularamongthestudents.解析：.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段可知答案。.答案：C细节理解题。根据Unfortunatelyathighschool,theyonlyhad2computersforusebyabout600students,soIhadtofocusonwhatIcoulddoathomepeekingandpokingmywaythroughthecommodore64usermanual.可知答案。.答案A细节理解题。根据倒数第四段最后一句话IlearntaboutdatabasesusingBaseIVandsomebasicFortran.可知答案。.答案：D推理判断题。通过倒数第二、三段，可以推断Bill深受学生们的欢迎。B【江苏省上冈高级中学2012-2013学年度高一下学期期中考试】AboutsixyearsagoIwaseatinglunchinarestaurantinNewYorkCitywhenawomanandayoungboysatdownatthenexttable,Icouldn'thelpoverhearingpartsoftheirconversation.Atonepointthewomanasked,“So,howhaveyoubeen?”Andtheboy-whocouldnothavebeenmorethansevenoreightyearsold-replied,“Frankly,I'vebeenfeelingalittledepressedlately.”Thisincidentstuckinmymindbecauseitconfirmedmygrowingbeliefthatchildrenarechanging.AsfarasIcanremember,myfriendsandIdidn'tfindoutwewere“depressed”,thatis,inlowspirits,untilwewereinhighschool.Undoubtedlyachangeinchildrenhasincreasedsteadilyinrecentyears.Childrendon'tseemchildlikeanymore.Childrenspeakmorelikeadults,dressmorelikeadultsandbehavemorelikeadultsthantheyusedto.Whetherthisisgoodorbadisdifficulttosay,butitcertainlyisdifferent.Childhoodasitoncewasnolongerexists.Why?Humandevelopmentisdependednotonlyonbornbiologicalstates,butalsoonpatternsofgainingsocialknowledge.Movementfromonesocialroletoanotherusuallyinvolveslearningthesecretsofthenewsocialpositions.Childrenhavealwaysbeentaughtadultsecrets,butslowlyandinstages;traditionally,wetellsixthgradersthingswekeephiddenfromfifthgraders.Inthelast30years,howe