新视野英语2复习题

新视野英语2复习题passagePassage1Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatit'spainful?Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.Duringthehourswhenyoulaborthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyouare"hot".That'stree.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergetic（精力充沛的）iswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatthispeak（高山羊）.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringthemorning.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarwordsas:"Getup,John!You'llbelateforworkagain!"Thepossibleexplanationtothetroubleisheisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteract（对抗）yourcycletosomeextentbyhabitually（习惯性的）stayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhou匚Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou'llgetupsteamandworkbetteratyourlowpoint.Getofftoaslowstart,whichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithaleisurelyyawn（呵欠）andstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,doroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyforyoursharperhours.Dr.Kleitmanthinksthat.gettinguplateinthemorningmeanslazinessifyourenergypeakisintheevening,youmightlikegettingupearlypeoplecandonothingaboutenergycyclespendingsometimeyawningandstretchinghelpstokeepyouenergeticAccordingtothepassage,familyquarrelsmayresultfrom.thesameenergycycleoffamilymembersunawarenessofdifferentenergycyclesfailingtogetupearlyinthemorningknowledgeofenergycyclesIfyouareusedtogettinguplateinthemorning,hemorningatnoonintheafternoonintheeveningWhat'sthelikelyrelationshipbetweenenergycycleandbodytemperature?Energycycleandbodytemperaturearethesamethings.Thehigheryourtemperatureis,thelessenergeticyouare.Thehigheryourtemperatureis,themoreenergeticyouare.Thereisnodirectrelationbetweenthem.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?Onecanchangehisenergycycleoncehemakesuphismind.Westilldon'tknowwhypeoplehavedifferentenergycycles.Habitwillhelptomakeourlifefitenergycyclesbetter.Ifyouriseearlierthanusual,youwillbemoreefficientatyourlowpointinthemorning.Passage2Theenergycrisis,whichisbeingfeltaroundtheworld,hasdramatizedhowthecarelessuseoftheearth*sresourceshasbroughtthewholeworldtothebrinkofdisaster.Theover-developmentofmotortransport,withitsincreaseofmorecars,morehighways,morepollution,moresuburbs,morecommuting,hascontributedtothenear-destructionofourcities,thebreakupofthefamily,andthepollutionnotonlyoflocalairbutalsooftheearth'satmosphere.Thedisasterhasarrivedintheformoftheenergycrisis.Ourpresentsituationisunlikewar,revolutionordepression.Itisalsounlikethegreatnaturaldisastersofthepast.Worldwideresourceexploitationandenergyusehavebroughtustoastatewherelong-rangeplanningisessential.Whatweneedisnotacontinuationofourpresentseriousstate,whichendangersthefutureofourcountry,ourchildren,andourearth,butamovementforwardtoanewnorminordertoworkrapidlyandeffectivelyonplanetaryproblems.Thiscountryhasbeenfallingbackunderthecontinuingexposuresoflostmoralityandtherevelationthatlawbreakinghasreachedintothehighestplacesintheland.Thereisastrongdemandformoralrevivalandforsomedevotionthatisvastenoughandyetpersonalenoughtoenlistthedevotionofall.Inthepastithasbeenonlyinawayindefenseoftheirowncountryandtheirownidealsthatanypeoplehavebeenabletodevotethemselveswhole-heartedly.Thisisthefirsttimethatwehavebeenaskedtodefendourselvesandthatweholddearincooperationwithalltheotherinhabitantsofthisplanet,whosharewithusthesameendangeredairandthesameendangeredoceans.Thereisacommonneedtoreassessourpresentcourse,tochangethatcourseandtodevisenewmethodsthroughwhichtheworldcansurvive,Thisisapricelessopportunity.Tograspitweneedawidespreadunderstandingofnatureifthecrisisconfrontingusandtheworldisacrisisthatisnopassinginconvenience,noby-productoftheambitionsoftheoil-producingcountries,noenvironmentalists,merefears,noby-producingcountries,noby-productofanypresentsystemofthelastfourhundredyears.Whatweneedisatransformedlifestyle.Thisnewlifestylecanflowdirectlyfromscienceandtechnology,butitsacceptancedependsona:sinceredevotiontofindingahigherqualityoflifefortheworld'schildrenandfuturegeneration.Whichconditiondoestheauthorfeelhasnearlydestroyedourcities?A)Lackoffinancialplanning. B)Thebreakupofthefamily.C)Naturaldisastersinninnyregions. D)Theexcessivegrowthofmotors.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisoneexampleofourlossofmorality?A)Disregardforlaw. B)Lackofdevotion.C)Lackofcooperation. D)Exploitationofresources.Bycomparingpastproblemswithpresentones,theauthordrawsattentiontotheA)significanceofthiscrisis B)inadequacyofgovernmentC)similarityofthepasttothepresentD)hopelessnessof.thesituationWhatcontributiondoestheauthorfeelpeoplemustnowmake.*Searchfornewenergysources. B)OutlawmotortransportationC)Acceptanewlifestyle D)Adoptanewformofgovernment.5.Theword"revival(Sentence2,Para.3)mostprobablymeans"A)survival B)destructionC)removal D)comebackPassage3TheforestfromwhichmantakeshistimberisthetallestandmostimpressiveplantcommunityonEarth.Intermsofman'sbrieflifeitappearspermanentandunchanging,buttotheforesteritrepresentstheclimaxofalongsuccessionofevents.Nowoodedlandscapeweseetodayhasbeenforestforalltime.Plantshaveminimumrequirementsoftemperatureandmoistureand,inagespast,virtuallyeverypartofEarth*ssurfacehasatsometimebeeneithertoodryortoocoldforplantstosurvive.However,assoonasclimaticconditionsinfavorofplantlife,afascinatingsequenceofchangesoccurs,calledaprimarysuccession.Firsttocolonizethebarrenlandarethelowlylichens,survivingonbarerock.Slowly,theacidsproducedbytheseorganismscracktherocksurface,,plantdebrisaccumulates,andmossesestablishashallowroot-hold.Femsmayfollowand,withshortgrassesandshrubs,graduallyformacoveringofplantlife.Rootsprobeevendeeperintothedevelopingsoilandeventuallylargeshrubsgivewaytothefirsttrees.Thesegrowrapidly,cuttingoffsunlightfromthesmallerplants,andsoonestablishcompletedomination-closingtheirranksandformingaclimaxcommunitywhichmayendureforthousandsofyears.Yeteventhiscommunityisnoteverlasting.Firemaydestroyitsoutrightandsettlersmaycutitdowntogainlandforpastureorcultivation.Ofcoursethelandisthenabandoned,asecondarysuccessionwilltakeover,developingmuchfasteronthemorehospitablesoil.Shrubsandtreesareamongtheearlyinvaders,theirseedscarriedbythewind,bybirdsandlodgedinthecoatsofmammals.Foraslongasitstandsandthrives,theforestisavastmachinestoringenergyandmanyelementsessentialforlife.Whydoestheforeststrikemankindaspermanent?A)Thetreesaresotall. B).Itisrenewedeachseason.C)Ourlivesareshortincomparison. D)Itisanessentialpartofourlives.Whathassometimescausedplantstodieoutinthepast?A)Interferencefromforesters. B)Variationsinclimate.C)Theabsenceofwoodedland. D)Theintroductionofnewtypesofplants.Ina"primarysuccession"(Line5,Para.2),whatmakesitpossibleformossestotakeroot?A)Thetypeofrock. B)Theamountofsunlight.C)Theamountofenclosure. D)Theeffectoflichens.Whatconditionisneededforshrubstobecomeestablishedinthe"secondarysuccession"?A)Femsmusttakeroot.Theirseedswerecarriedtotheabandonedland.Moresoilmustaccumulate.Thegroundmustbecoveredwithgrass.5.Whyisa"secondarysuccessionThemostimportantthingaboutworkis.A.toproducethingsB.theshapeone'sworktakesC.theamountofmoneyitmakesD.one'sattitudetowardstheworkThemostimportantthingaboutworkis.A.toproducethingsB.theshapeone'sworktakesC.theamountofmoneyitmakesD.one'sattitudetowardstheworkIftheworkdoesn'tseemworthdoing,youshould.A.giveitupB.tellotherstodoitC.stopinthemiddleD.performitcarefullyWhatcanworkassignmentsofferpeople?A.Anopportunitytodeveloponeself.A）Thegroundismoresuitable. B）Thereismorespacefornewplants.C）Birdsandanimalsbringnewseeds.D）Itissupportedbytheforest.Passage4Thechiefpurposeofworkisnottoproducethingsbuttobuildtheman,Itisnotsoimportantwhatshapeorformourworkmaytake;whatisvitallyimportantisourattitudetowardthatwork..Eveniftheparticulardutyisonewhichdoesn'tseemworthdoing,ifyoumustdoit,itisimportanttodoitright.Evenifnooneelsewilleverknowwhetheryoudiditrightornot,youwillknow.Bymakingacommitment（承诺）toqualitywork,youmakeacommitmenttoyourselftodevelopyourabilitiesandself-respect,todothebestyoucandoandbethebestyoucanbe.Whenyoudoaslittleaspossibleorjustenoughtogetby,youarenotmerelycheatingyouremployer,yourcustomers,yourclients,andyourco-workers,butmostimportantly,youcheatyourself.Youcheatyourselfoutofanopportunitytodevelopprideandself-worth.Youcheatyourselfoutofanopportunitytomeetachallengeanddevelopyourowninnerpowersandabilities.Youmaybeabletogetawaywithcheatingothers,butyounevergetawaywithcheatingyourself.Thus,thekeyisacommitmenttoyourselftouseeverypossibleopportunityforself-developmentandtreateveryworkassignment,nomatterhowsmallorboring,asachallengethatcanbeusedinyourdevelopment.Workisaprojection（投影）ofself.Consciousness（感觉、意识）canregardanyjobasapotentialopportunityforself-expression,forplay,forcreativity,forthefurtherance（推动）ofsocialobjectives,anditcanarrangethefactorsinthejobsothattheyformameansofself-expression.Mostjobscontainatleastsomelimitedoptionsforcreativity.Totheextentthatanyjobcanbedoneindifferentways,thejobpresentsyouwithanopportunitytoprojectyouruniqueabilitiesandvaluesintothatjob.Anytypeofcommunication,writtenorspoken,presentsasignificantopportunityforcreativeexpression.Evenifyoureffortsarereviewedandmustbetoneddowntofitintothemold（模型）ofyourorganization,thereisalwaysaslightopeningthroughwhichyoucanprojectyouruniquepersonality.Usetheseopportunitiestoexpressandconfirmyourexistence.AchancetogetawaywithcheatingthemselvesFewoptionsforcreativity.Awaytogetridofyouruniquepersonality.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?Sometimesyouhavetoadjustyourselftoyourwork.Thereisspaceforyoutoshowyourcreativity.WorkmustbedoneinonewayinordertobethemostefficientYoumaynevercheatyourself.Themainideaofthepassageishowtoimproveyourcreativitytheimportanceofprojectingyourvaluesintoyourjobwhentoexpressyourselfhowtochangeone'spersonalityPassage5Humanmigrations(移居国タト)withinrecordedhistoryhavetransformedtheentirecharacteroflandsandcontinentsandthecompositionoftheirracial,ethnicandlanguagegroups.ThemapofEurope,forexample,istheproductofseveralmajorearlymigrationsinvolvingtheGermanicpeoples,theSlavs,andtheTurks.TheoverseasmigrationofEuropeansduringthisperiodtotaledabout60millionpeople.ThelargestmigrationinhistoryhasbeencalledtheGreatAtlanticMigrationfromEuropetoNorthAmerica,thefirstmajorwaveofwhichbeganinthe1840swithmassmovementsfromIrelandandGermany.Inthe1880sasecondandlargerwavedevelopedfromeasternandsouthernEurope;between1880and1910some17millionEuropeansenteredtheUnitedStates.ThetotalnumberofEuropeansreachingtheUnitedStatesamountedto37millionbetween1820and1980.From1801to1914about7.5millionpeoplemovedfromEuropeantoAsiaticRussia(i.e.,Siberia),andbetweenWorldWarsIandIIabout6millionmorechosetomovethere,notcountingthevastnumberofdeporteeswhowereforcedtogotoSiberia'slaborcamps.SinceWorldWarIIthelargestmigrationshaveinvolvedgroupsfromdevelopingcountriesmovingtotheindustrializednations.Some13millionpeoplemovedacrossborderstobecomepermanentresidentsofWesternEuropefromthe1960sthroughthe1980s,andmorethan10millionpermanentimmigrantswereadmittedlegallytotheUnitedStatesinthatsameperiod,withillegalimmigrationaddingseveralmillionsmore.Slavemigrationsandmassexpulsionsalsohavebeenpartofhumanhistoryforthousandsofyears.ThelargestslavemigrationswereprobablythosecompelledbyEuropeanslavetradersoperatinginAfricafromthe16thtothe19thcentury;perhaps20millionslavesweretakentotheAmericas,thoughalargenumberdiedinterribleconditionsofthetripacrosstheAtlanticOcean.Thelargestmassexpulsions(驱逐)haveprobablybeenthoseimposedbyNaziGermany,whichdeported7to8millionpersonsduringWorldWarII(1939-45).Themajortrendininternalmigrationduringthe20thcenturyhasbeenthemovementfromruraltourbanareas.Asaconsequence,urbangrowthsinceWorldWarIIhasbeenveryrapidinmuchoftheworld,particularlyindevelopingcountries.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?ThemapofEuropeistheproductofseveralmajorearlymigrations.Humanmigrationswithinrecordedhistoryhavechangedtheworld.TheoverseasmigrationofEuropeanstotaledabout60millionpeopleThefirstmajorwaveofmigrationbeganinthe1840s.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT.thelargestmassexpulsionshavebeenthoseimposedbyNaziGermany.thelargestslavemigrationswerecompelledbyEuropeanslavetraders.thelargestmigrationinhistoryhasbeencalledtheGreatAtlanticMigration.betweenWorldWarIandII,about6millionpeoplemigratedtoEurope.HowmanypeoplemovedacrossborderstobecomepermanentresidentsofWesternEuropefromthe1960sthroughthe1980s?Morethan10million.Some13million.17million.20million.WheredidthepeopleofthefirstmajorwaveoftheGreatAtlanticMigrationwhichbeganinthe1840scomefrom?FromEnglandandGermany.FromIcelandandGermany.FromIrelandandGermany.FromIrelandandFrance.Whathasbeenthetrendofmigrationduringthe20thcentury?Themovementfromruraltourbanareas.Themovementfromurbantoruralareas.ThemovementfromEuropetoAmerica.ThemovementfromAfricatoAmerica.Passage6Somebodyoughttodefendtheworkaholic.Thesepeopleareunjustlyaccused,abused,anddefamed-oftentermedsickormorbid.One-thirdofAmericanbusinessandcommerceiscarriedontheshouldersofworkaholics.Theratiomightexistinartandsciencetoo.Workaholicsaretheachievers,theexcellent.Thereisanationalconspiracyagainstexcellence anundueadmirationofcommonnessandmediocrity.Itisasthoughweareagainstthosewhomakeuncommonsacrificesbecausetheyenjoydoingsomething.Somepopularpsychologistssaythattheworkaholichasaninferioritycomplexwhichleadstoovercompensation.Thisiscertainlynotthecase.Inferiority,orlowesteem,describeslazinessmoreaccuratelythanitdescribesdedication.Wedonotseemtorealizethatverylittleexcellenceisachievedbylivingawell-balancedlife.Edison,Ford,Einstein,Freudallhadsingle-mindeddevotiontoworkwherebytheysacrificedmanythings,includingfamilyandfriendship.Theaccusationismadethatworkaholicsbearguiltbynotbeinggoodparentsorspouses.Butguiltcanexistmthebalancedlifealso.Considerhowmany"normal"peoplefind,atmiddle-age,thattheyhaveneverdoneanythingwell,theyaregoingtosettletolessthanwhattheycouldhavebecome.Fromthispassageweknowthatworkaholicisatermreferringtothose.A)whoenjoyworkmorethananythingelseB)whomakegreatercontributionsthanothersC)whomakeuncommonsacrificesintheirpersonallifeD)alloftheaboveTheauthor'smainconcerninthispassageisto.pointouttheroletheworkaholicplaysintheAmericaneconomydefendpeoplewhoareaddictedtoworkencourageusnottoworryaboutourimperfectionconsiderthedifficultiesthatconfrontasatmiddle-ageTheauthorofthispassagewouldmostlikelyagreethattheworkaholic.A)ismentallyill.B)performsaninsignificantproportionofAmericanbusiness.C)willnothavetheregretsthatmanyMnormal"peoplefaceatmiddle-age.D)suffersfromlowself-esteem.Accordingtothispassage,.Freudledawell-balancedlifegenerallyspeaking,workaholicscanbehelpedC)workaholicsshouldbeadmiredD)so-called"normal"peoplearetrulythesickpeopleamongusAccordingtotheauthor,onecanhardlyachieveexcellenceunlessone.A)livesasabnormallive B)sacrificesfriendshipandfamilyC)hastotaldevotiontowork D)ignorespopularopinionsPassage7Evaluatingemployeeperformanceisakeyofmanagementskills.Thechallengeistogivetheemployeesanaccuratepictureofchiefaccomplishments,andoftheareasinwhichtheyneedtoimprove.Bothareimportantaccomplishmentsbecausetheygivetheemployeeasenseofprideintheworkandbasisonwhichtobuildfutureachievements,andareasforimprovement,becausetheygivetheemployeesomegoalstoroachfor.Often,employeesfearthattheevaluationwillbeanegativeexperience.Thisfearalonecanengenderdefensivenessandtension,whichresultinaserf-fulfillingprediction.Thesupervisormusttakepainstorelievetheemployee'sfearandmaketheevaluationaparticipatoryevent.Anemployeewhocontributesideastohisorherevaluationwillbemuchmorelikelytoagreewiththeoutcomeandbewillingtofollowtherecommendations.Theemployeesmustalwaysbearinmindthatthesolelegitimatedomainofanemployeeappraisalsystemistoimproveemployees'performance.Whileareasneedingimprovementmustbereviewed,thisshouldalwaysbedoneinthespiritofdiscoveringgoalsthattheemployeecanworktoward.Thisholdstrueforreviewingsuccessesaswell.Whilepraiseforpastachievementsmaybeusedasreward,toengenderloyalty,orforotherreasons,atthetimeofevaluation,theprimaryreasontolookattheperson'ssuccessesistodetermineareasinwhichheorshecancontinuetoexcel;perhaps,themosteffectivewaytomaketheevaluationaparticipatoryeventistoasktheemployeetocomepreparedtothemeeting.Theemployerandtheemployeeeachshouldcarefullyreviewthejobdescriptionpriortotheevaluationmeetingandshouldmakenotesonareasinwhichtheemployeehaddifficultyorhasmadeacontribution.Attheevaluationmeeting,theemployermustestablishapositiveandcomfortablemood.Theemployeeshouldbeinvitedtoreviewandcomfortablemood.Theemployeeshouldbeinvitedtoreviewhisorherlistsfirst.Almostalwaystheemployee'snoteswillbeverysimilartowhattheemployerhaswritten.Iftheemployersimplyverifieswhattheemployeehassaid,theemployeewillbemuchlessanxiousabouttheprocedure,andmuchmorelikelytoworktowardthegoals.Evaluationisoftenanegativeexperiencebecause.theemployeehasdefendhimselftheemployeeistenseandtheemployerdoesnotrelievethistheemployeehasdoneabadjobtheemployerisgoingtogiveupemployeesomegoalsthathecannotreachEvaluationshouldfocuson.A)accomplishments B)areasthatneedimprovementC)asenseofprideintheworkD)bothA)andB)Onewaytorelieveemployee'sanxietyis.toseteasygoalstoasktheemployeetocontributeideastopraisetheemployee'ssuccessbutsaynothingofwhathehasnotdonenottoinvitetheemployeetothemeetingThesolelegitimatedomainofevaluationisto.improveemployees'performancetellemployeeshowwelltheyhavedonegainparticipationintheprocesstellemployeeswhattheyshouldhavedoneThekeytoparticipatoryevaluationisthatbothparties.arecomfortableinthesettinggettotalkcontributeideasandagreeontheoutcomeknowinwhichareastheemployeehasmadeacontributionPassage8Everyday,weareinfluencedbymassmedia.Althoughsomecriticsofthemediaclaimthatthesemeansofcommunicationareusedmostlytocontrolourthinkingandgetustobuyproductswedon'tneed,theyagreethatthemediaalsocontributestokeepingpeopleinformed.Inotherwords,whilerisksdoexist,thebenefitsofthemediaarefarmorethanthedisadvantages.Mostofthemessagesaredesignedeithertoinformorentertain——andneitherofthesegoalscanbeconsideredriskyorharmful.Ifconsumersofthemediacouldbetaughtatanearlyagetoexaminemessagescritically,i.e.,tothinkcarefullyaboutwhatisbeingcommunicated-theywouldbeabletotakeadvantageoftheinformationandenjoytheentertainmentwithoutbeinghurtbyit.Thekeytocriticalthinkingisrecognizingthemotivesofthenewsitemorwriters,theadvertisers,andsoon.Arebothsidesoftheissuebeingpresented'?Haveenoughfactsabouttheproductbeingadvertisedbeenpresented?Furthermore,citizensneedtheopportunitytohearnews,opinions,andpublicaffairs.InformationaboutcurrenteventsispresentedindepthonpubliclyfundedTVchannelsandradiostationsaswellasinnewspapers.Inaddition,thepublicbroadcastingmediacanhelpviewersandlistenerstocompletetheireducation.Recentimmigrants,forexample,canimprovetheircommandofEnglishthroughTVandradio,andinaddition,somecollegecoursesaretaughtoneducationaltelevision.Anotherrecognizedadvantageofthemediaisthatitgivespeopleinformationtheyneedfortheirdailylives:weatherandtrafficreportsaregoodexamples.Whilecommercialsandadvertisingdonotnecessarilypresentaccurateinformation,theydomakepeopleawareoftheavailabilityofproductsthatcouldimprovetheirlives.Inaddition,theycreatealargerdemandforsomeitems,whichmayleadtoafallintheirprice.Whilethemediacanbeavaluablemeansofeducatingthepublic,whenmostpeopleturnontheTVsetortheradio,theywanttobeentertained.Asaresultmostprogrammingconsistsofmovies,plays,music,humorousshows,gameshows,andsportsevents.Someoftheseofferingsareoflowquality,butontheotherhand,manyarefuntowatchandinterestinglywrittenandwellpresented.Eventhoughthemassmediacanbemisused,mostofitseffectsarepositive.Weareallinfluencedbytelevision,andradioaswellasmovies,magazinesandnewspapers.Ifwearecarefultoexaminetheirmessagecriticallytheycanallbeofbenefittoourlives.Whatisthemainpointoftheauthor?Advertisingisharmfulwhenitpresentsinaccurateinformation.Thepositiveeffectsofthemassmediaaremorethanthenegativeones.Peopleshouldlearntotakeadvantageofthemedia'sbenefits.Televisionismoreusefulasameansofentertainmentthanasameansofprovidinginformation.Accordingtotheauthor,thetwomainpurposesofmassmediaareto.controlourthinkingandgetustobuyuselessproductsprovidepeoplewithinformationandentertainmentmakepeopleawareoftheavailabilityofproductsandcreatealargedemandforsomeitemsexpresstheviewsofthepublicandhelpimproverecentimmigrants'EnglishTheauthorfeelsthatconsumersofthemassmediashouldbetaughtatanearlyageto.bringtheirimaginationintofullplaywhenwatchingprogramsoflowqualitybuyproductsadvertisedincommercialssothatthedemandincreasesturnofftheTVsetwhenaridiculousprogramcomesonthinkcriticallyaboutthemessagesbroughttothemItcanbelearnedfromparagraph3thatcitizenswillbeinabetterpositiontoexpresstheirviewsandmaketheirchoicesiftheyare.highlyeducatedthroughTVandradiowellprotectedbythegovernmenthighlypaidbytheiremployerswellinformedbythemediaWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?Themassmediaoffersinformationneededinourdailylives.Publiclyfundedbroadcastingdoesnotpresentinformationaboutcurrentwantsindepth.Informationprovidedbycommercialsandadvertisingisalwaysaccurate.ManyTVandradioprogramsarenotinteresting.Passage9Whendininginrestaurants,Americansusuallyorderdrinksfirst,thensoup,salad,maincourseorentree,anddessertatlast.ThisissomewhatadifferentorderwayfromthatinEurope.Untilaboutthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury,Americansdidn'thavetoworryaboutwhetherthesaladcamebefore,orafterthemaincoursesincetheydidn'teatsaladatall.Chompingongreenswasonceconsideredsissy,andAmericanspreferredtogettheirgreensindirectly,aftertheyhadbeenprocessedbyrabbitsordeer.TheshiftofpublictastetowardthesaladmaybeattributedtoNewYork'sDelmonicobrothers,whooriginallyintroducedsmorgasbordfromEurope,andserveditintheirrestaurant.Suchnoveltiesbecamesopopularthatbytheendofthenineteenthcentury,theWaldorfsaladhassweptthecountry.Europeansstillchompongreensafterthemaincourse,asawayofclearingthepalate,andbeingreadyforthecheese.WhyAmericanseattheirsaladfirstisuncertain.Thefollowingjokingsuggestionsmightmakesense:thecustommayberelatedtotheslimmingcraze,for"saladfirst”mayfillyouupwithoutanyworryaboutfattening;toavoidcustomers*impatiencewithwaiting,therestaurantservessaladfirsttokeepthembusywhilethemaincoursesarebeingprepared;eatingrawfoodwhileoneiswaitingforthecookedfoodmaybeawayofannouncingthatoneisnotwastingtime,whichisseenasavirtue;orprobablyunfairtotherestaurant,thiscustomhasbeenencouragedbythemer