2019-2020年九年级英语上册 定语从句教案 人教新目标版

2019-2020年九年级英语上册定语从句教案人教新目标版用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也也可以说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当评语、宾语、定语等万分。关系代词在定语从句中作评语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先先词保持一致。关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which等，关系副词有：when,where,why等。一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分用于限制从句或非限制从句只用于限制性从句主语whowhichthat宾语whomwhichthat定语whose（=ofwhom）whose（=ofwhich）例1：ThisistheprofessorwhocamefromLondon.例2：ThebookwhichIamreadingiswrittenbyTomasHardy.例3：Thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold.例4：ThisistheroomthatShakespearewasbornin.（1）who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）他就是我昨天见过的人。（2）whose用来指人或物，（只用作定语），例如：Theyranovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.请递给我那本绿皮的书。⑶which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：Achemist'sshopisashopwhich/thatsellsmedicine.（which/that在从句中作主语）Thepackage（which/that）youarecarryingisabouttoeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。（which/that在从句中作宾语）练习：划出关系词，并指出它在定语从句中作什么成分。Jimistheboywholiveswithhisgrandparents..Theboywhomyouwillmeetisherbrother.ThehousewhichIliveinisold.Iliketreeswhich/thataregreen.ThegirlwhohaslonghairisLily.TheboywhosejacketisblueisFengLin.7.Ilikethemagazineswhosepicturesarecolorful.ShehasafriendwhosenameisJane.Thebookwhich/thatyouarereadingiswrittenbyBinXin.2．关系代词的用法⑴如果先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that,不用which.例如：Allthepeoplethatarepresentburstintotears.⑵如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last,any,only,few,much,no,some,very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which,who,或whom。例如：Sheistheonlyonethatwasinvited.⑶先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如：Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely⑷如果先行词是anyone，anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,关系代词应该用who或whom，不用which。例如：Isthereanyoneherewhowillgowithyou?3．“介词+关系代词”是一个普遍使用的结构⑴“介词+关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性从句。“介词+关系代词”结构中的介词可以是in,on,about,from,for,with,to,at,of,without等，关系代词只可用whom（指人）或which（指物），不可以用that。⑵fromwhere为“介词+关系副词”结构，但也可以引导定语从句Westoodatthetopofthehill,fromwherewecanseethetown.⑶像listento,lookat,dependon.,payattentionto,takecareof等固定短语，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.二、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词也可以引导定语从句关系副词在从句中分别表示时间，地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语,where充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用，例如：Thereareoccasionswhen（onwhich）onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijingistheplacewhere（inwhich）Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。Isthisthereasonwhy（forwhich）herefusedouroffer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？3.判断关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.I'llneverforgetthedayswhenIwordedtogetherwithyou.判断改错（错）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.（错）IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.（对）Thisisthemountainvillage（which）Ivisitedlastyear.（对）I'llneverforgetthedays（which）Ispentinthecountryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where,when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例l.Isthismuseumyouvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone例2.Isthisthemuseumtheexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone（答案：例ID,例2A）分析如下：例1变为肯定句：Thismuseumisyouvisitedafewdaysago.例2变为肯定句：Thisisthemuseumtheexhibitionwasheld.在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where,that,onwhich都不能起到宾语的作用，只有theone既做了主句的表语，又可做了从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应该选D。而句2中，主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where,又因inthemuseum词组，可用介词in+which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选Ao关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语）。练习题:划出关系词，并指出它在定语从句中作什么成分。a.Theywenttothebeachwherethecarbrokedown.Wevisitedthefarmwhereyourfatherworked.Ihavebeentothefarmwhichhelivesin.a.Ithappenedonthedaywhentheysawafunnymovie.b.It'sthedaywhichishisbirthday.一、单项选择Thisisthebagmymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.thisThemanlivesnexttousmyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./ThegirlyousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.she4.1sthisthefactoryalotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whomIsthisfactoryalotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.thatC.whichD./Theonlylanguageiseasytolearnisthemothertongue（母语）.A.whichB.thatC./D.itThegirlhandedeverythingshehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.allcleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised.A.ThatB.WhoC.TheonewhoD.ThestudentswhoPleaseshowmethebookyouboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.thisThisisthebestbookIhavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./Thisistheonlyarticleofthesethatwrittenbyhim.A.wasB.wereC.areThemanwasherejustnowisadoctor.A.whomB.whoC./D.heTheboyhastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoorB.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoorD.thatlivesnextdoorThosemakenomistakesintoday'sexercisespleaseraise（举起）yourhands.A.whichB.whomC.thatD.whoseDon'tgoin,thisistheshopwehavejustbeen.A./,toB.that,/C.where,toD.which,thereThisistheschoolMr.Smithoncetaught.A.inthatB.whenC.whereD.thereHaveyouvisitedthehoursthefamousscientistwasborn?A.whereB.inthatC.thatD.whichThefactoryMr.Liusedtoworkwasclosedlastweek.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which19.Doyoustillrememberthedaywefirstmet?A.thatB.whenC.whatD.onthat20.Thetimewestudiedtogetherisnoteasilyforgotten.A.onthatB.whereC.whenD.which21.October1,1949isthedaywe'llneverforget.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.inwhich22.October11949wasthedaythePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded（成立）.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.inwhich23.Isthismuseumtheyvisitedlastmonth?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.theone24.Istillrememberthesitting-roommymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where25.Achildparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan（孤儿）.A.whichB.hisC.whoseD.withThegentlemanyoutoldmeyesterdaywasathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhomAllisneededisasupply（供应）ofoil.A.thethingB.thatC.whatD.whichFinally,thethiefhandedeverythinghehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.thatAchemist'sshop（药店）isashopsellsmedicine.

A.whoB.whichC.whereD.inwhichA.whoB.whichC.whereD.inwhichThestudentsdonotstudyhardwillnotpasstheexamination.A./B.whoC.whichD.theyHetoldusaboutthethingsandpersonshemetduringhisstayinginEngland.A.whichandwhoB.whichC.whoD.that二、根据汉语意思，