【语法】动词的语态-完整版课件

高中英语精品语法课件动词的语态Lead-in判断下列各题能否改为被动语态，并将能改的改为被动语态1.Thetrafficaccidenthappenedatabout8o’clockthismorning.（）2.Thecreamcakeslooknice.（）3.Doyouoftenweighyourself?（）4.Wearegoingtosetoutearlytomorrowmorning.（）5.Ireadhimtoday’snewspaperthisevening.（）答案1.否

2.否

3.否

4.否

5.能Presentation动词的语态指的是主动语态和被动语态。在主动语态中，主语是动词动作的执行者或状态的主体在被动语态中，主语是动词动作的承受者，结构为“be+动词-ed形式”动词语态结构Presentation常用时态的被动语态结构

语态时态时态被动语态一般现在时is/am/aredone一般过去时was/weredone现在进行时is/am/arebeingdone过去进行时was/werebeingdone现在完成时have/hasbeendone过去完成时hadbeendone一般将来时willbedone过去将来时wouldbedone现在完成进行时have/hasbeenbeingdone将来完成时willhavebeendone将来进行时willbebeingdonePresentation含情态动词的语态结构：

被动语态一般式情态动词

+bedone进行式情态动词

+bebeingdone完成式情态动词

+havebeendonePresentation下列情形下英语中常用被动语态：①用于不知道动作的执行者是谁。被动语态的用法Thedoorwasbrokenthismorning.门今天上午被打烂了。Mywallethasbeenstolen.我的钱包被盗了。PresentationAbridgewillbebuiltovertheriverinmyhometown.在我家乡的这条河上将修一座桥。Englishisspokeninmanycountries.许多国家说英语。ThehospitalisbeingrepairedandwillbecompletednextSeptember.医院正在维修，明年九月完工。Allthepassengersweresavedintheaccident.在这次事故中，所有乘客都获救了。②没有必要提及动作的执行者。Presentation③强调动作的执行者，此时有“by+执行者”。ThewindowwasnotbrokenbymebutbyTom.

这窗子不是我打烂的，而是汤姆。TheLongMarchRocketisinventedbytheChinesescientists.

长城火箭由中国科学家发明。Presentation④在一些表示“大家”、“有人”或“人们”的句型中ItisknownthatMathsishardtostudy.大家知道，数学难学。Itissaidthatwe’llhavethefinalexaminationnextweek.据说我们下周进行期末考试。Itisbelievedthatgodswillhelpthem.人们认为神灵会帮助他们。Presentation⑤在科普文章中使用普遍Waterwillbeturnedintosteamwhenheatedto100℃.水加热到100摄氏度就会变为蒸汽。Themedicineistakenthreetimesaday,fourpillsatatimeatmost.这药每天服三次，每次最多四片。Presentation①主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。②谓语由主动形式变为被动形式。③主动语态的主语变为被动语态中介词by的宾语。如何将主动语态变为被动语态Theworkersarerepairingthebridge.Thebridgeisbeingrepairedbytheworkers.PresentationMikehascleanedallthewindowsanddoors.→AllthewindowsanddoorshavebeencleanedbyMike.Waitaminute.WearemendingyourTVset.→Waitaminute.YourTVsetisbeingmended.SheisgoingtogiveareportonChinesehistorytomorrow.→AreportisgoingtobegivenonChinesehistorybyher.Spotlight1.关于被动语态的各种时态结构被动语态结构可以根据主动语态去推断。其方法是把被动语态“be+动词-ed形式”中的助动词“be”视为动词，推断出它的各种时态结构，然后再加上动词的-ed形式便得。如“be”的现在进行时态为is/am/arebeing，那么“is/am/arebeing+动词的-ed形式”就是现在进行时态的被动结构。其它时态的被动结构可由此类推。Spotlight2.关于被动语态中的“by+执行者”一般说来，及物动词的-ed形式后面应该都接有“by+执行者”。但当“执行者”在句子中很明确或不具体时，往往省略它。如医院里的工作都是由医生和护士等来完成的、房屋由建筑工人完成的等等。SpotlightMymotherwasexaminedinhospitalyesterday.我妈妈昨天在医院检查过了。Mycarisbeingrepairednow.我的小车正在修理。Almostallkindsoffoodcanbeboughtinthissupermarket.几乎各种各样的食品都可以在这个超市买到。Anewroadwillbemadefromheretothetown.从这儿到镇上将新修一条马路。同样：Thespeakerraisedhisvoicetomakeherselfheard.为了让大家都听到，讲演者提高了声音。Spotlight3.Itisreportedthatthehotweatherwillcontinueforacoupleofweeks.据报道，炎热天气还将持续几周。“Itis+动词-ed形式+that…”句型中，it为形式主语，指代后面的that从句。常用于这个句型的动词-ed形式有said、reported、known、believed、thought、supposed、announced等，常译成“据……”、“人们……”、“有人……”或“大家……”等。SpotlightItissaidthatwewillhaveatestnextweek.据说我们下周进行考试。Itisknowntoallthattheearthquakecausedalotofdamagetothearea.

众所周知，这次地震给这个地区带来了很大的危害。Itisbelievedthatnewmedicineforcancerisbeingdeveloped.

人们相信，治疗癌症的新药正在研制。句型可以变为：Sb/Sthis+动词-ed形式+动词不定式上面三个句子可以变为：Wearesaidtohaveatestnextweek.Theearthquakeisknowntohavecausedalotifdamagetothearea.Newmedicineforcancerisbelievedtobebeingdeveloped.Practice1.Itisreportedthataspacestation______onthemooninyearstocome.（2015安徽）A.willbebuilding B.willbebuilt C.hasbeenbuilding D.hasbeenbuilt答案：B。aspacestation与build之间存在被动关系，加上后面的将来时间状语，故用一般将来时的被动语态。2.Tomydelight,I________fromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.（2015福建）A.waschosen B.wasbeingchosen C.wouldchoose D.hadchosen答案：A。句意：令我高兴的是，在数百名申请人中我被选出参加开幕式。链接高考Practice3.AMidsummerNight'sDream_____attheTheatreRoyalon19thJune,andthentoursthroughoutScotland.（2013重庆）A.opens

B.isopenedC.willopen

D.willbeopened答案：A。考查动词时态与语态。对照并列连词and之后的谓语动词tours可知，答案为A，应用一般现在时态主动语态。4.Ifnothing________,theoceanswillturnintofishdeserts.（2013湖南）A.does B.hadbeendone C.willdo

D.isdone答案：D。考查时态和语态。首先nothing与do之间为被动关系，排除A和C项；根据主句的一般将来时态可知，if引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时态。Practice将下列句子由主动语态变为被动语态或由被动语态变为主动语态1.Wewillcompletethebuildingbeforethebeginningofthenextterm.2.ThedoctorisgoingtoexamineyourmotherthisFridaymorning.3.Theyarediscussingthisproblemthesedays.4.Thetestpapersarebeingcheckedbytheteachersallthismorning.5.Haveyoucheckedyourtestpaper?6.Theroadwasbeingrepairedthistimelastyear.7.Thevillagershadpulleddownthehousesnearbybeforethefiremencame.8.Tom’shomeworkwasdonelastnight.9.Theymayhaveeatenupallthefood.10.Yourwastedtimecan’tbefoundback.随堂练习Practice答案1.Thebuildingwillbecompletedbeforethebeginningofthenextterm.2.YourmotherisgoingtobeexaminedthisFridaymorning3.Thisproblemisbeingdiscussedthesedays.4.Theteachersarecheckingthetestpapersallthismorning.5.Hasyourtestpaperbeenchecked?6.Theworkerswererepairingtheroadthistimelastyear.7.Thehouseshadbeenpulleddownbythevillagersbeforethefiremencame.8.Tomdidhishomeworkyesterday.9.Allthefoodmayhavebeeneatenbythem.10.Youcan’tfindyourwastedtimeback.Practice选择正确选项填空1.Theschoolsportsmeetingis__________ontheninthofOctober.A.abouttohold

B.abouttobeheldC.tohold

D.tobeheld2.—Whathappenedtotheboy?—Idon’tknow.He_________onthegroundthesedays.A.hasn’tseen

B.wasn’tseenC.hasn’tbeenseen

D.hasn’tbeenseeing3.I’dverymuchliketohavegonetotheeveningparty,butI_________.A.wasn’tinvited

B.won’tbeinvitedC.amnotinvited

D.hasn’tbeeninvitedPractice4Theshopatthecorner_________at8:00inthemorning.Nowit_________.A.usedtoopen，closesB.usedtobeopened，hasbeencloseC.usedtoopen，isclosedD.usedtobeopen，hasclosed5Therewasasecondknockatthedoor.Itwasth